JP3307819B2 - Driving formwork method for underground outer wall - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing an outer wall of an underground structure using a driving form.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a reinforced concrete underground structure, a double wall structure is generally provided by a block or the like in order to prevent water permeation and dew condensation from the outer wall surface of the basement. Is provided. However, this double-wall structure has a problem that a dead space is generated in an underground space, and that the construction method is complicated and the construction period is prolonged.

As an attempt to eliminate dead space and rationalize the structure to a single wall structure, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 4-57540 discloses a panel body having a concave vertical drain groove formed on one surface. Using a drainage panel for an underground wall with a water-permeable sheet attached to one side of the surface, by pouring concrete with the water-permeable sheet surface facing the concrete skeleton side forming the underground wall, a single-wall structure with increased water-shielding A method of construction is disclosed. The publication also states that
There is also disclosed a drainage panel for an underground wall in which the panel main body is made of a foam material such as expanded polystyrene, and a precast concrete board (hereinafter, referred to as a PC board) is joined to the panel main body to impart heat insulation.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-17963 also discloses that
A composite panel composed of a non-water-absorbent foam board having water permeability and a PC board is disclosed, and if these composite panels can be used as a punching formwork, the above-mentioned dead space and construction problems can be solved. can do.

[0005] However, when concrete is cast using these composite panels as a driving form, hardened concrete and a foamed material (or a permeable sheet) are used.
Since the adhesive strength between the composite panel and the like is low, there is a possibility that the foamed material or the like may be peeled off. In the worst case, there is a risk that the composite panel may fall. Further, when the above-mentioned driving formwork is erected, it is necessary to provide a hole for attaching a separator in the formwork, and a complicated hole filling process is inevitable.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a punching method for an underground outer wall which can improve the adhesion of an outer wall constructed by using a PC board as a driving form and interposing an impermeable layer between concrete and concrete. It is an object of the present invention to provide a built-in formwork method. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for driving an underground outer wall into a formwork that can be constructed without making a hole in the PC board.

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided a punching formwork method comprising a water-impermeable layer on the back surface and a vertical groove formed on the side.
The C plate is installed side by side with the vertical grooves facing each other, and the engaging portion of the separator having an engaging portion near one end is locked to the engaging receiving portion formed by the facing vertical groove, and After the separator is sandwiched between the PC boards, concrete is cast on the back surface of the water-impermeable layer using the PC board as a punching formwork to construct an underground outer wall.

It is preferable that at least a portion of the separator that is in contact with the PC plate is formed in a plate shape, a foam tie for fixing the separator is removed, and then the separator is cut along the front boundary line of the PC plate.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The best mode of a driving formwork method for an underground outer wall according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of an underground outer wall 10 constructed by the driving formwork method. A pit 12 provided with a drainage pit 12 is provided in an underground portion 11 excavated to construct an underground structure. A base 13 is constructed. A drain groove 14 is provided at the upper edge of the frame base 13, and the drain groove 14 and the drain pit 12 are connected by a drain pipe 15. The underground outer wall 10 of the present invention is constructed on the frame base 13 using a driving form.

(1) Installation of Formwork First, a normal formwork (not shown) such as a metal panel is built in the underground side. On the indoor side, a PC board 20 having a width of about 300 mm is used as a punching formwork. The PC board 20 is a panel made of cement mortar processed by extrusion or the like, and an impermeable layer 30 is attached to the back surface thereof.

As the water-impermeable layer 30, groundwater leaking into the concrete underground outer wall 10 is blocked, and the PC board 20
Any material and structure that does not penetrate into the surface of the polystyrene may be used. In this embodiment, expanded polystyrene is used. Since a foamed material such as foamed polystyrene is also excellent in heat insulation performance, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dew condensation on the indoor wall surface, and it is preferable as a water-impermeable layer. Also, in order to increase the water collection of groundwater, a nonwoven fabric is stuck on the surface of the foam material,
Alternatively, the water-impermeable layer 30 in which a moisture-proof sheet is adhered to the back surface of the foam material (that is, between the foam material and the PC board 20) in order to enhance the water stopping property is also preferable. The composite panel composed of the PC board 20 and the water-impermeable layer 30 may be integrally formed by stamping when the PC board 20 is formed at a factory, or may be manufactured by a fixing method such as bonding with an adhesive or nailing. Can also.

After the wall reinforcement (not shown) is constructed, a PC board 20 as a formwork is built. The PC board 20 is placed on a wooden form (not shown) or the like, and the lower end is 150 to 200 m.
m, and fix them one by one while sandwiching a plate separator described below between them. In addition, the presser of the beginning and the end is swallowed by the conventional formwork and presses.

(2) Attachment of Separator FIG. 1 is a horizontal sectional view showing details of a portion surrounded by a circle in the center of FIG. 3, and FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view thereof. The separator 40 for preventing the movement of the formwork is obtained by connecting a round separator 41 disposed inside the PC board 20 as a formwork to a plate separator 43 by pins 42.

In this embodiment, the plate separator 43
Is substantially perpendicular to the middle of the body,
And the lower piece 44b are bent in opposite directions, and the upper piece 44a and the lower piece 44b form a plate-shaped engaging portion 44. The reason why the upper piece 44a and the lower piece 44b are bent in the shape of the letter "C" to form a leaf spring is to facilitate and reliably perform the work of locking the PC board 20 to the engagement receiving portion described later.

Before the concrete is cast, the engaging portion 44
In addition to preventing the PC board 20 from moving inward, after the concrete is hardened, the hardened concrete 10a is prevented from separating from the water-impermeable layer 30 and the PC board 20, and plays a role of ensuring the integrity of these. Things.

Further, a cutting line 45 is engraved on the plate separator 43 along the surface-side boundary of the PC board 20, that is, at a position indicated by a dotted line in FIG. Cutting line 45
Is made by drilling long holes of about 0.5 mm in width and 2 mm in length at intervals of about 1 mm, and after hardening of concrete, it can be cut with a hammer or cut by bending. Note that, instead of the cutting line 45, notches such as V cuts may be provided at the upper and lower ends of the plate separator 43 at the positions indicated by the dotted lines, so that the plate separator 43 may be bent at the dotted line positions.

In FIG. 1, a vertical groove 22 and a vertical groove 23 are formed on the back surface (joint surface with the water-impermeable layer 30) and side portions of the PC board 20 having a large number of hollow portions 21, respectively. The vertical groove 22 is for guiding the underground water that has passed through the water-impermeable layer 30 to the drain groove 14, while the vertical groove 23 is a concave groove for engaging the convex engaging portion 44 of the plate separator 43. An engagement receiving part is formed.

By forming the vertical groove 23 on the side as in this embodiment, the plate separator 43 can be suppressed, and it is not necessary to make a separate hole in the PC board 20. On the other hand, when the vertical groove 23 is formed on the surface of the PC board 20, the PC board 20, 20
The finishing of the PC board 20 can be completed only by the joint processing between the joints, and it is not necessary to form a separate hole in the PC board 20 as in the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of vertical grooves 31 are formed on the surface of the water-impermeable layer 30 (the surface opposite to the surface to be bonded to the PC board 20). Is pasted. Reference numeral 33 denotes a vertical groove provided on the side of the impermeable layer 30.

The plate separator 43 is tightened to the form tie 51 by bolts 50 in the same manner as in the usual method of fixing the formwork, and the P-type separator is fastened by the lateral end 52 and the third type washer 53.
The C plate 20 is fixed. In the present embodiment, the plate separator 4
3 is sandwiched between the PC boards 20, 20, and at this time, the engaging portions 44 of the plate separator 43 are locked in the vertical grooves 23 of the PC board 20. A press washer 55 is attached to the plate separator 43 from above the non-woven fabric 32 for both fixing the water-impermeable layer 30 and preventing penetration. Reference numeral 46 shown in FIG. 3 is a ring-shaped water blocking plate attached to the center of the round separator 41.

(3) Concrete Casting Concrete is cast inside the formwork built as described above. After the cast concrete 10a has hardened, the type 3 washer 53 is loosened and the foam tie 51 and the lateral end 52 are removed from the plate separator 43. Next, the plate separator 43
At the cutting line 45.

(4) Finishing Anchor hardware 1 with adjustable length, in which the lower wooden form and the like described above are removed and the lower end of PC board 20 is erected in drain groove 14.
On the other hand, a hanging hook anchor 17 for preventing falling is attached to the upper end of the PC board 20 and fixed in the beam 18. Note that the lower end 19 of the beam is 30 m to prevent falling.
It is increased by about m. The drainage groove 14 is made of a waterproof mortar with a 1/50 gradient with respect to the drainage pipe 15, and the indoor side groove surface is also made of mortar.

When underground water leaks through the cast concrete 10 a on the underground outer wall 10 constructed by the above-described casting formwork method, the underground water is collected in the nonwoven fabric 32, and is collected in the vertical grooves 31 of the impermeable layer 30. It flows down along.
When the amount of water leakage is large, the water is further discharged from the vertical groove 33 of the water-impermeable layer 30 and the vertical groove 22 of the PC board 20 to the lower drainage groove 14, thereby preventing water leakage to the indoor side.

[0025]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the structure of the PC board and the separator as the driving formwork is devised. Therefore, even if an impermeable layer having a low bonding strength with concrete is originally interposed, It is possible to construct an underground outer wall having high adhesion to concrete and having high water barrier properties.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is a remarkable effect that the above-mentioned effects can be enjoyed and the construction can be performed without making a hole in the PC board.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged horizontal cross-sectional view showing a main part of an underground outer wall constructed by a driving formwork method.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing a main part of an underground outer wall constructed by the driving formwork method.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of an underground outer wall constructed by the driving formwork method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Underground outer wall 10a Hardened concrete 14 Drainage groove 20 PC board 23 Vertical groove 30 Impervious layer 32 Nonwoven fabric 40 Separator 43 Plate separator 44 Engagement part 45 Cutting line 51 Form tie 53 Type 3 washer

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Chiyowa Yamada 2-1 Tsukudo-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Incorporated company Kumagaya Gumi Tokyo Head Office (72) Inventor Takaya Inoue 1-13-9 Shiba-Daimon, Minato-ku, Tokyo No. Showa Denko KK (72) Inventor Takafumi Sekiguchi 5-1 Okawacho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Showa Denko KK Chemical Research Laboratory (56) References JP-A-57-100229 (JP, A) JP-A-53-133936 (JP, A) JP-A-54-107133 (JP, A) JP-A-3-262283 (JP, U) JP-A-4-343921 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02D 29/00 E04B 1/16 E04B 1/64 E04B 2/86 601

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A separator having a water-impermeable layer on the back surface and a vertical groove formed on a side portion of a separator having a vertical groove facing the horizontal groove and having an engaging portion near one end. After engaging the engaging portion with the engaging receiving portion formed by the opposed vertical groove and sandwiching the separator between the PC plates, the back surface of the water-impermeable layer is formed by using the PC plate as a driving form. A casting form method characterized by constructing an underground outer wall by placing concrete in the building. 2. In the separator, at least PC
2. The stamping formwork method according to claim 1, wherein the portion in contact with the plate is formed in a plate shape, and after removing a foam tie for fixing the separator, the separator is cut along a front boundary line of the PC plate. .