JP3307408B2 - Music signal generator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tone signal generating apparatus for generating a tone signal whose tone varies variously with time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A sound source section of an electronic musical instrument is composed of a combination of an oscillating section, a filter section, an envelope section, and an arithmetic section. In such a sound source section, for example, when the cutoff frequency of the filter is changed, the output sound changes. In other words, it can be said that the cutoff frequency of this filter is one parameter that determines the timbre of the musical tone that is generated.
In general, an electronic musical instrument called a synthesizer is characterized in that, among such parameters, those that cause a change in timbre are released to the user side, and detailed parameters are determined by the manufacturer.

In recent years, it has become natural that sound changes with time (time variation), and the above parameters are often controlled by a data string represented by a straight line or a curve with the horizontal axis representing time. Was. Above all, the amplitude envelope is
It is a representative example of a temporal change.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned electronic musical instrument, no matter which one is determined by the manufacturer or the user, the electronic musical instrument is a preset data sequence for obtaining a desired timbre. It must be set, and the time variation of the parameters becomes uniform. As a result, in the conventional electronic musical instrument, the timbre change is likely to be predicted, and even if the performance information is different, the process of the temporal timbre change becomes similar, so that there is a problem that a novel timbre change cannot be obtained. Was.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and it is difficult to make predictions and, due to differences in performance information,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a musical tone signal generator for an electronic musical instrument capable of producing a musical tone having a novel tone color change in which the temporal tone color change process is different.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a performance information input means (1) for inputting performance information,
Tone specifying means for specifying the timbre information of the generated tone signal
And (2), and tone generating means (4) for generating a musical tone signal based on the input performance information, which is the input performance
Volume parameters based on the information and the specified tone color information.
Tone generation information generator that generates data and tone parameters
Step (3), the tone signal based on the tone color parameter;
Control the tone of the signal, and based on the volume parameter
Tone control means for controlling the envelope of the tone signal (5,
6) the tone and the envelope by the tone control means.
There a filter means (7, 8) for removing high-frequency components of the controlled tone signal, modulation means for varying the time and the volume parameter and the tone color parameters in accordance with the output signal of said filter means and (AD2, AD3) It is characterized by having.

[0007]

According to the present invention, the performance information is input to the performance information input means.
When input from (1) , the tone generator (4) generates a tone signal based on the performance information. The timbre information of the generated tone signal is designated by the timbre designation means (2).
Then, the musical tone designation information generating means (3) outputs a volume based on the input performance information and the designated tone color information.
Generate parameters and timbre parameters. The musical tone control means (5, 6) performs the musical tone control based on the tone color parameter.
Controlling the timbre of the sound signal, based on the volume parameter
And controlling the envelope of the tone signal . Music control means
The high frequency components of the tone signal whose tone and envelope are controlled by (5, 6) are removed by the filter means (7, 8).
In response to the output signal of the filter means (7, 8) , the modulating means (AD2, AD3) sets the volume parameter and
Time-varying timbre parameters .

[0008]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. [First Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention. The performance operator 1 is a keyboard composed of a black key and a white key, and supplies performance information PI such as a key-on signal, a key-off signal, or velocity to the musical tone designation information generator 3 in accordance with the performance of the player.

Next, the timbre specifying section 2 is composed of a group of switches for setting various parameters (hereinafter referred to as timbre specifying information) for determining the timbre of the musical tone generated in the waveform generating section 4. Is supplied to the musical tone designation information generating section 3.

The tone specifying information generating section 3 generates a pitch frequency TP, a tone color TC, and a volume parameter TV of a tone to be generated in accordance with the tone information PI and the state of the switch group.
Occurs. The pitch frequency TP is supplied to one input terminal of the adder AD1. Feedback information FB1 output by a feedback unit 9 described later is supplied to the other input terminal of the adder AD1. The adder AD1 adds the pitch frequency TP and the feedback information FB1, modulates the pitch frequency TP, and supplies the result as the pitch frequency TP 'to the waveform generator 4.

The above-mentioned tone color TC is calculated by the adder AD2.
Is supplied to one input terminal. The other input terminal of the adder AD2 is supplied with feedback information FB2 output by a feedback unit 8 described later. The adder AD2
Then, the tone TC and the feedback information FB2 are added, and the result is added to a parameter (cutoff frequency) C
It is supplied to the filter unit 5 as F.

The above-mentioned volume parameter TV is supplied to one input terminal of an adder AD3. The adder AD
3 is supplied with feedback information FB3 output by a feedback unit 7 described later. The adder AD3 adds the volume parameter TV and the feedback information FB3, and supplies the result to the amplitude controller 6 as a parameter (envelope) EV.

The above-mentioned waveform generator 4 generates a tone signal TS1 having a predetermined frequency based on the pitch frequency TP 'controlled in accordance with the feedback information FB1, and supplies this to the filter unit 5. The filter section 5 is set with a frequency characteristic according to the cutoff frequency CF. The filter section 5 filters the tone signal TS1 and supplies the filtered tone signal TS1 to the amplitude control section 6 as a tone signal TS2. Amplitude controller 6
Is a tone signal TS according to the above-described envelope EV.
2 is enveloped and output as a predetermined tone signal TS3.

The tone signal TS3 is supplied to each of the feedback sections 7, 8 and 9 described above. Each of these feedback sections 7, 8 and 9 is composed of a combination of a filter circuit, a delay circuit and an amplitude control circuit, and controls the final tone signal TS3 by these circuits. Output as FB1, FB2 and FB3.

As described above, the musical tone waveform generated by the waveform generating section 4 is fed back, and data obtained by processing the data is used as musical tone parameters. As a result, the parameters are controlled to generate time fluctuation. Like that.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. First, a switch group is set in the timbre specifying unit 2 so that a desired timbre can be obtained by a player. Then, the performance operator 1 is operated to perform the performance. When the performance is performed, the musical tone designation information generating section 3 generates a pitch frequency TP, a tone color TC, and a volume parameter TV of the musical tone to be generated according to the musical tone information PI and the state of the switch group, and the adders AD1, AD2 and Supply to AD3.

At this stage, since the feedback information FB1 has not been supplied yet, the pitch frequency TP is supplied to the waveform generator 4 as it is. In the waveform generator 4,
A tone signal TS1 having a frequency according to the pitch frequency TP is generated. The tone signal TS1 has a predetermined cutoff frequency C
F is filtered by the set filter unit 5. Further, the filtered tone signal TS2
Is superimposed by the amplitude controller 6 on the envelope corresponding to the volume parameter TV, and is output as a predetermined tone signal TS3.

The tone signal TS3 is supplied to feedback sections 7, 8, and 9, where filtering, delay and amplitude control are performed. These feedback units 7,
Feedback information FB1, FB output by 8 and 9
2, FB3 are supplied to adders AD1, AD2, AD3, respectively.

Therefore, the adders AD1, AD2 and AD
In 3, the time variation is superimposed on the pitch frequency TP, the tone color TC, and the volume parameter TV by the tone signal TS3 processed in the feedback units 7, 8, and 9, respectively. This gives the player the feeling of being "unpredictable", and the parametric variation over time "different performance information results in a different timbre change process."
Such as a new tone change.

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing one configuration of a second embodiment. This embodiment is an example of the configuration of an analog synthesizer type sound source. This sound source includes a VCO (voltage controlled oscillator) 10, a VCF (voltage controlled filter) 11, and a VCA (voltage controlled amplifier) 12. I have.

The VCO 10 is a voltage-controlled oscillator, and has a tone signal T of a frequency corresponding to a performance operator (not shown).
S4 is generated and supplied to the VCF 11. VCF1
Reference numeral 1 denotes a voltage-controlled filter to which a cut-off frequency fed back through feedback means A such as a delay or a filter is supplied, and the tone signal TS4 is filtered with a frequency characteristic corresponding to the cut-off frequency. Then, the signal is supplied to the VCA 12 as a tone signal TS5.

The VCA 12 is a voltage-controlled amplifier. The VCA 12 superimposes a predetermined envelope on the tone signal, outputs the resulting signal to the outside as a tone signal TS6, and supplies the tone signal TS6 to the feedback means A. The feedback means A includes at least one of a delay circuit, a filter, a volume control circuit, and the like, or a combination thereof.

According to the above-described configuration, the sound source controls the cutoff frequency, which is a parameter of the VCF 11, using one tone signal TS4. Here, the feedback signal FB
Since it is assumed that it is difficult to use the control data 4 directly as control data, an LPF (low-pass filter) 13 and an amplitude control unit 14 are provided as feedback means A as shown in FIG.

Further, according to the above configuration, the tone signal T
In step S6, the harmonic component is removed by the LPF 13 to make it slower, and the maximum value is changed by the amplitude controller 14. The reason for inserting the LPF 13 to make the waveform dull is to adjust the amount of change in the control data with respect to time. The reason for inserting the amplitude control unit 14 and controlling the amplitude is that the degree of modulation can be changed. To do that. However, this alone changes the timbre in a short span, so that the timbre immediately falls into a steady state and the effect of continuously changing the timbre cannot be obtained.

Therefore, as one method, a delay unit 15 is inserted as shown in FIG. In this sound source, the feedback signal FB4 is passed through the delay unit 15, and the high-order LPF 1
3. If the waveform and amplitude of the tone signal TS6 are manipulated by the amplitude controller 14, a signal controlled over a long span is obtained. When the cutoff frequency of the VCF 11 is modulated by this signal, the tone signal TS6 changes. The tone signal T
When S6 changes, the degree of modulation of the cutoff frequency further changes through the feedback path. By this repetition, the timbre fluctuates with time.

When the delay unit 15 is inserted into the feedback loop as described above, the period during which the cutoff frequency is controlled becomes longer because the feedback control data is delayed.
As a result, a long-span periodic tone can be obtained. Here, the cutoff frequency of the filter is controlled. However, as shown in FIG. 5, when the parameter corresponding to the pitch in the VCO 10 is controlled, the periodicity is modulated, and the periodicity of the control data to be fed back is reduced. A disturbed, so-called unpredictable tone is obtained.

Up to this point, control of one parameter has been considered. FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which three parameters are controlled in order to obtain a complex tone. In FIG. 6, the delay unit 15, LPF 13a, and amplitude control unit 14a
S6 is modulated and supplied as an envelope of VCA12. Further, the LPF 13b and the amplitude control unit 14b
The output of the amplitude controller 14a is modulated and supplied as a cutoff frequency CF of the VCF 11. Furthermore, LPF
The amplitude control unit 13c and the amplitude control unit 14c modulate the output of the amplitude control unit 14b and supply it as a pitch of the VCO 10.

As described above, when many parameters having a strong influence on the timbre are controlled, the time variation of the timbre is promoted, and the timbre becomes rich. In the case of this example, the parameters are controlled by control data of the same cycle, and the interval between the parameters is constant.

Therefore, when it is desired to further vary the timbre with time, as shown in FIG.
When a, 15b, and 15c are inserted, the combination of periods changes depending on the delay length, and the timbre further changes. Note that the delay length of each of the delay units 15a, 15b and 15c may be fluctuated by a low frequency oscillator (LFO), noise or a feedback signal.

[Third Embodiment: Physical Model Type Sound Source] Next, a physical model will be described with reference to a block diagram shown in FIG. In this figure, a loop circuit L simulates a string-like vibration propagation mechanism in a natural musical instrument, and includes a delay unit 20, an adder AD4, a delay unit 21, an LPF 22, and an adder AD.
5 is comprised. The tone signal circulating through the loop circuit L is supplied to the excitation circuit 2 through adders AD6 and AD7.
HPF (high-pass filter)
28.

The excitation circuit 23 is a circuit for generating an excitation signal corresponding to the above-described vibration, and includes adders AD6 and AD6.
7, an averaging unit 24, a non-linear table 25, a multiplier 26 and an LPF 27. The excitation signal output from the excitation circuit 23 is added to the adders AD4 and A of the loop circuit L.
D5. The HPF 28 is a filter for cutting a direct current component of the tone signal. The filtered tone signal is supplied to the parameter control unit 29 and output to the outside.

The parameter control unit 29 includes a delay unit 30a,
A filter unit 31a, an amplitude control unit 32a, a delay unit 30b,
It comprises a filter section 31b and an amplitude control section 32b. Delay units 30a, 30b, filter units 31a, 3
1b and the amplitude control units 32a, 32b
This is the same reason as in the above-described embodiment. In this case, LPF
22 and the delay time of the delay unit 21 are controlled.

In general, in the case of the physical model, unlike the above-described embodiment, the pitch, timbre, and volume are determined by intermingling the parameters. In addition, one parameter may affect a plurality of parameters. Therefore, the LP shown in FIG.
F22 is one of the factors that cause a change in tone color, but also plays a role in volume change. As described above, in the case of the physical model, the tone change by parameter control is often complicated,
By introducing a system using feedback, the tone signal fluctuates with time, and a tone with a complex tone can be produced.

As described above, the tone signal (or data) generated in the sound source section is fed back, and a signal obtained by subjecting the signal to predetermined processing is used as a tone parameter.
As a result, the parameters are controlled to generate time variation. As a result, it is difficult for the player to make predictions, and since it fluctuates over time, a novel timbre change in which the temporal timbre change process differs depending on the performance information can be obtained.

It is common sense to change parameters over time in the tone generator of an electronic musical instrument. Here, instead of artificially predetermining a data sequence to be input as a parameter, a causal data sequence that can be collected from a sound generated by a sound source or created by a combination of the data sequence group is used. It is not intended to stabilize (i.e., does not oscillate, but to stabilize), but to control the sound source by focusing on diversification, complication, and eccentricity of the timbre due to time variation.

In the above-described embodiment, the returned data is data information generated from the sound source.
Anything is acceptable. For example, there is the use of the output amplitude itself, and in the future, the use of a frequency envelope by an ultra-high-speed FFT. The parameters to be controlled are also free without any particular limitation. Further, the adders AD1, AD2, and AD3 in the above-described embodiments may be multipliers.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention, according to the present invention, performance information input means (1) for inputting performance information and tone color designating means for designating tone color information of a generated tone signal.
And (2), and tone generating means (4) for generating a musical tone signal based on the input performance information, which is the input performance
Volume parameters based on the information and the specified tone color information.
Tone generation information generator that generates data and tone parameters
Step (3), the tone signal based on the tone color parameter;
Control the tone of the signal, and based on the volume parameter
Tone control means for controlling the envelope of the tone signal (5,
6) the tone and the envelope by the tone control means.
There a filter means (7, 8) for removing high-frequency components of the controlled tone signal, modulation means for varying the time and the volume parameter and the tone color parameters in accordance with the output signal of said filter means and (AD2, AD3) Is provided, it is possible to perform tone control according to the tone signal generation state and to control the sensitivity of any change in the frequency, tone effect, or envelope of the tone signal in response to the tone signal. be able to.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing one configuration of a second embodiment.

FIG. 3 shows an LPF (low-pass filter) 1 for feedback means A
3 is a block diagram of an analog synthesizer type sound source provided with an amplitude control unit 3 and an amplitude control unit 14. FIG.

4 is a block diagram of an analog synthesizer type sound source in which a delay unit 15 is further provided in the feedback means shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an analog synthesizer type sound source including feedback means for controlling the pitch of the VCO 10;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an analog synthesizer type sound source including feedback means for controlling the pitch of the VCO 15, the center frequency CF of the VCF 11, and the envelope EV of the VCA 12.

7 is a block diagram in which a delay is provided in each of the feedback paths of the analog synthesizer type sound source shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a third embodiment using a physical model as a sound source.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... performance operator (performance information input means) 2 ... tone color designation section (tone color control information input means) 3 ... tone tone specification information generation section ( tone color control information input means , amplitude control information input means)
Stage ), 4 ... waveform generator (musical sound generator), 5 ...
Filter section (musical tone control means), 6... Amplitude control section (musical tone control)
Means), 7, 8 ... feedback section ( modulation means), 1
1... VCF (tone control means), 12... VCA (tone)
Control means), 13, 13a, 13b ... LPF (fill
LPF (musical sound control means), 29 ...
Parameter control units (modulation means), 31a, 31b ...
Filter section (filter means), A ... feedback means (modulation means)
Stage), AD2, AD3 ...... adder (modulation means).

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Toru Kitayama 10-1 Nakazawa-cho, Hamamatsu-shi, Shizuoka Yamaha Corporation (56) References JP-A-60-93490 (JP, A) JP-A-61- 29895 (JP, A) JP-A-62-83795 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. Performance information input means for inputting performance information
(1) and timbre specifying means for specifying timbre information of a generated tone signal
(2) a tone generating means (4) for generating a tone signal based on the input performance information; a volume parameter and a timbre parameter based on the input performance information and the specified timbre information ; Generate
A tone designation information generating means (3) for controlling a tone color of the tone signal based on the tone color parameter;
Controlling the tone signal based on the volume parameter.
Tone control means (5, 6) for controlling an envelope; and tone and envelope are controlled by the tone control means.
Filter means (7 for removing high-frequency components of the musical tone signal,
8) the volume parameter according to the output signal of the filter means.
Modulating means for varying the time of the data and tone color parameter (AD
2. A tone signal generator comprising: AD3) .