JP3306238B2 - Magazine equipment for tool change of machine tools - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tool changing magazine device for a machine tool having a function of automatically changing tools.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a machine tool having an automatic tool changing function provided with a magazine device having a grip for gripping a tool to be changed. The tool is exchanged by transferring the tool between them. FIGS. 5 to 8 show examples of grips of such a magazine device. 5 is a perspective view of the grip, FIG. 6 is a side view of the grip, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a lock mechanism of the grip, and FIG. 8 is an overall view of the magazine. The magazine has a pivotable disk-shaped member as a base, and a plurality of grips 40 for holding the tool holder 5a (or tool) are radially provided on the disk-shaped member. The grip 40 includes a pair of arm-shaped members 40a,
Each of the arm-shaped members 40a, 40b is provided so as to be rotatable around a support shaft 31.
The tool is biased in a direction to close the tool gripping side, that is, a direction to grip the tool holder 5a, by a compression spring 32 inserted between the arms on the side opposite to the tool gripping side.

Further, a pair of lock claws 41 is provided at the opposite ends of the arm-shaped members 40a and 40b from the tool gripping side, and a lock mechanism 42 for locking the grip is provided between the lock claws 41. Member 42a is provided to be insertable. The locking member 42a includes a lock shaft 42
b, and moves in the axial direction, as shown in FIG.
(A), as shown in FIG.
Enters the space between the lock claws 41, the grip is in the locked state where the tool is grasped, and the locking member 42a comes out from between the lock claws 41 as shown in FIGS. 6 (b) and 7 (b). With this, the tool is unlocked to receive and discharge the tool.

[0004]

However, the lock mechanism 42 of the grip 40 in the conventional magazine device as described above, when the lock is released, is shown in FIG.
As shown in (1), there is a problem that the lock claw 41 of the grip 40 and the lock shaft 42b interfere with each other, and a sufficient grip opening angle cannot be obtained. Further, in order to obtain a sufficient opening angle, the overall width becomes large. This is because, in this type of magazine device, a plurality of grips 40 are radially arranged on the base of the disk-shaped member as shown in FIG. It is undesirable in doing. The present invention has been made to solve the above problem, and when the locked state of the grip holding the tool is released, a sufficient grip opening angle can be obtained, and moreover, the same opening angle can be obtained. It is an object of the present invention to provide a tool changing magazine device for a machine tool which has a compact structure and can reduce the diameter of a magazine in which a plurality of grips are radially arranged.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION To achieve this object, a first aspect of the present invention is a machine having a magazine provided with a plurality of radially provided grips for gripping a tool which is attached to and replaced with a spindle head. A magazine device for tool change of a machine , wherein each of the grips has at least two arm-shaped members rotatably supported on a fulcrum shaft on the magazine; Bei a pair of lock pawls on the inner peripheral sides of the axis
And a lock state in which the outer peripheral side is always urged in a closing direction, and which is operated in a direction to grip the tool, and an unlocked state which is operated in a direction to receive or discharge the tool, and wherein the lock claw is provided. Between the arm-shaped members
A lock shaft extending in a direction perpendicular to the opening / closing direction and the lock
It consists of a trapezoidal part with a tapered surface fixed on the shaft,
Inner circumference than the axis where the trapezoidal portion and the lock claw are engaged
A lock member is provided so that the axis of the lock shaft is located on the side of the lock member, and the lock member is movable in the lock axial direction.
When the trapezoidal part enters between the lock claws
To keep the grip locked, the trapezoidal shape
The grip is in the unlocked state when the part is not positioned between the lock claws.

[0006]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the arm-shaped member constituting the grip has a locking claw integrally therewith, and the locking claw is provided between the locking claw.
A lock extending in the direction perpendicular to the
The trapezoidal part having a tapered surface fixed to the
And the lock pawl on the inner peripheral side with respect to the axis line with which the lock claw is engaged.
So that the axis of the shaft can be positioned so that it can come and go freely
When the trapezoidal portion faces the lock claw,
Locked state where the rubber member is rotated in the direction to grip the tool
So that the trapezoidal part does not come between the lock claws
This allows the tool whose arm-shaped member is
Or discharge to spindle head, etc.
The lock is released in the unlocked state. this
When the axis of the lock shaft is aligned with the lock claw and the trapezoidal portion,
Are located on the inner peripheral side with respect to the axis with which
As the trapezoidal part comes out from between the hooks,
The opening angle increases, and if you want to get the same angle, the conventional structure
Grip can be made more compact compared to
Can be

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A machine tool provided with a tool changing magazine device for tool changing according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a side view showing the overall configuration, FIG. 2 is a side view of one grip in the magazine device, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a lock mechanism of the grip, and FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of the magazine device. The machine tool 1
It performs cutting and other work in the horizontal direction (left and right in FIG. 1) with respect to a work (not shown), and can move vertically with respect to a column 2 provided to be movable in the front-rear and left-right directions. It is provided with a spindle head 3 provided and a magazine device 4 which is movable in the front-rear direction with respect to the column 2 and which is rotatable and provided for automatic tool change. The spindle head 3 is driven up and down by a ball screw (not shown) provided on the column 2 side. The spindle head 3 includes a spindle shaft (main shaft) 6 having a holder portion 5 at a distal end portion for holding and clamping a tool holder 5a (FIG. 2) and driven to rotate;
A spindle motor 7 for rotating the spindle shaft 6
And a part of the unclamping mechanism 8 for releasing the clamping of the tool.

As members constituting the unclamping mechanism 8, a rod 9 movably inserted into a hollow portion of the spindle shaft 6 in parallel with the shaft and urged by an unclamping spring (not shown); And an unclamping ring 10 fitted around the rear end of the rod 9 and connected by a pin at the rear end of the rod 9 is provided on the spindle head 3 side. Other members constituting the unclamping mechanism 8 include an unclamping lever 12 rotatably supported by a fulcrum base 11 on the column 2 side, and an unclamping lever 1
And the cam 13 for rotating the column 2 within a predetermined angle.
It is provided on the side. An upper end portion (dotted line portion) of the unclamping lever 12 is provided with an unclamping cam groove 13 a of the cam 13.
, And the unclamping lever 12 is rotated by the rotation of the cam 13. The lower end of the unclamping lever 12 has an opening 3 formed in the outer cover of the spindle head 3.
a, the spindle head 3 is brought into contact with the side end surface of the unclamping ring 10 when the spindle head 3 is lifted, and the unclamping lever 12 is rotated by the cam drive as shown by a two-dot chain line. The unclamping ring 10 is pushed forward to release the clamped state of the tool.

The magazine device 4 has a disk-shaped magazine 15 in which a plurality of grips 14 for holding tools are radially arranged, and the magazine 15 is rotatably supported by a magazine support 16 fixed to the column 2 side. It is held on a rotating shaft 17, and can be moved in the horizontal direction by a spline formed on the rotating shaft 17, so that it is turned integrally with the shaft 17. The rotating shaft 17 is connected to the magazine turning motor 2 via a reduction gear mechanism 18 and a driving shaft 19.
Connected to 0. The magazine 15 is provided with a lock mechanism 22 (detailed later) having a tapered lock member for locking the grip 14 in the closing direction at all times. The lock mechanism 22 is provided at a predetermined rotation position such as a tool change position. Only the lock is released. The lower side of the magazine 15 in FIG. 1 shows the unlocked state.

The magazine 15 of the magazine support 16
A positioning pin 21a for stopping the magazine 15 at a predetermined indexing turning position is provided on a surface facing the positioning pin 21a.
A plurality of grips 1 are provided for positioning holes 21b into which
4 are provided at positions corresponding to each of them. When the indexed magazine 15 is retracted for tool exchange, the positioning pin 21a is moved to the positioning hole 2.
The magazine 15 is accurately positioned by fitting into the magazine 1b.

Further, as a mechanism for moving the magazine 15 in the front-rear direction for tool change, a front-rear shaft shaft 23 supported movably in the front-rear direction by a cam base 16a mounted on the magazine support portion 16, A front-rear lever 24 for moving the shaft 23 back and forth. The front / rear lever 24 is rotatably supported by a top plate of the cam base 16a, and a cam follower (not shown) fastened to one end thereof is fitted into a front / rear cam groove 13b of the cam 13 and a cam follower 24a fastened to the other end. Is engaged with a front and rear cam member 25 connected to the front and rear shaft 23. A cam follower 23a fastened to the front end of the front and rear shaft 23 is provided with a cam groove 2 provided integrally with the magazine 15.
6 to transmit the longitudinal movement of the shaft 23 to the magazine 15. Further, the integral cam 13 having the unclamping cam groove 13a and the front and rear cam grooves 13b is connected to a cam drive motor (not shown) via a cam shaft 27 so that the rotation position of the cam 13 can be adjusted. The rotation is controlled based on a signal from a cam sensor (not shown) to be detected. By the cam operation, the magazine 15 is driven in the front-rear direction via the front-rear lever 24. The front / rear cam member 25 'indicated by a two-dot chain line indicates the position when it has moved forward.

Here, the grip 14 for holding the tool and the lock mechanism 22 thereof will be described with reference to FIGS. Each of the plurality of grips 14 is rotatably supported on the disk-shaped base material of the magazine 15 by the support shafts 31, and is opened and closed by a compression spring 32 in a direction in which a tool grip on the outer peripheral side is closed. Possible arm members 14a,
14b. A rotating roller 34 for facilitating attachment / detachment of the tool holder 5a is attached to the tip of the arm-like members 14a, 14b on the tool gripping portion side. Further, a pair of lock claws 35 which are integrally opposed to each other are formed at the inner peripheral ends of the arm-shaped members 14a and 14b opposite to the tool gripping portions. The lock claw 35 is configured such that the distance between the lock claws becomes smaller toward the distal end.

The lock mechanism 22 has a trapezoidal lock member 22a having a tapered surface fixed on a shaft 22b and capable of protruding and retracting between the lock claws 35. Offset from center. When the lock member 22a enters the space between the lock claws 35 due to the axial movement of the lock member 22a, the grip 14 is locked, that is, the tool holder 5a is held, and the lock member 22a comes out of the space between the lock claws 35. Is in the unlocked state for receiving or discharging the tool holder 5a. The lock members 22a of the lock mechanisms 22 are arranged close to each other at the center of the magazine 15. The shaft 22b of the lock mechanism 22
Is the bracket 2 attached to the base material of the magazine 15
2c, and is always urged by a spring to shift to a locked state.

Next, an automatic tool change operation of the machine tool configured as described above will be described. When the operation of the automatic tool change is started, the spindle head 3 is raised, and the unclamping lever 12 can be brought into contact with the unclamping ring 10. At this time, the holder 5 of the spindle shaft 6 on the side of the spindle head 3 is attached to the holder 5. The clamped tool holder is transferred to the grip 14 of the magazine 15. Further, the cam drive motor is driven to rotate the cam 13 via the cam shaft 27, the cam follower at the upper end of the unclamping lever 12 is inclined by the unclamping cam groove 13a, and the unclamping lever 12 is , The cam follower at the lower end thereof pushes the side end surface of the unclamping ring 10, and the rod 9 is moved against the urging by the unclamping spring to perform unclamping.

Further, the cam follower at one end of the front and rear lever 24 is inclined by the cam groove 13b for front and rear of the magazine, the front and rear lever 24 starts to move, and the cam follower 24 at the other end.
a pushes the front and rear cams 25 to advance the front and rear shafts 23. As a result, the cam follower 23a at the tip of the front and rear shafts 23 advances the magazine 15 through the cam grooves 26. Thereafter, the magazine turning motor 20 is rotated, and the magazine 15 is turned via the spline of the reduction gear mechanism 18 and the rotating shaft 17 to determine the stop position. After the completion of the indexing, the cam 13 is reversed by rotating the cam drive motor in the reverse direction. Thereby, the reverse operation is performed in the reverse order to the above operation. That is, the determined magazine 15
Is retracted, the tool holder 5a is transferred from the magazine 15 to the holder 5 on the spindle head 3 side, and the tool holder 5a is clamped.

Next, the operation of the grip 14 and the lock mechanism 22 according to the present embodiment will be described. By the axial movement of the lock member 22a, the lock state shown in FIG.
When the lock release state shown in FIG.
The center of the shaft 22b is offset from the center of the opposing lock claw 35, so that the lock member 22a is
Including the lock claws 35,
The lock claw 35 does not interfere with the shaft 22b. For this reason, the opening angle of the tool holding portion of the grip 14 can be made large, and therefore, it becomes easy to receive or discharge the tool holder 5a. Also, a grip 14 for obtaining the same opening angle
As is clear from the comparison between FIG. 4 of the present embodiment and FIG. 8 of the conventional example, the diameter of the magazine 15 can be reduced, and the entire apparatus can be reduced in size. Further, since the lock member 22a has a trapezoidal shape having a tapered surface, variations in the shape of the tool holder 5a can be absorbed. The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible.

[0017]

As described above, according to the tool exchanging magazine apparatus for a machine tool according to the present invention, the grip constituting the grip is provided.
The arm member has a locking claw integrally with the locking member.
The rod extending perpendicular to the opening and closing direction of the arm-shaped member
Trapezoidal section with a tapered surface fixed to the
On the inner peripheral side with respect to the axis line at which the
So that the axis of the
When the trapezoidal part faces the lock claw,
Locked shape in which the arm member is rotated in the direction to grip the tool
State, so that the trapezoidal part does not face between the lock claws.
The tool whose arm-shaped member is changed
Accept from dollar head, etc. or to spindle head, etc.
The lock is released, which is rotated in the discharging direction. this
When the axis of the lock shaft is aligned with the lock claw and the trapezoidal portion,
Are located on the inner peripheral side with respect to the axis with which
As the trapezoidal part comes out from between the hooks,
The opening angle increases, and if you want to get the same angle, the conventional structure
The grip can be made smaller and the magazine is smaller than
Can be

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a machine tool provided with a tool changing magazine device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a grip in the device.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a lock mechanism of a grip in the device.

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a magazine in the same device.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a conventional grip.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a conventional grip.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a lock mechanism of a conventional grip.

FIG. 8 is a schematic front view of a conventional magazine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Machine tool 4 Magazine device 5 Tool holder 14 Grip 14a, 14b Arm-shaped member 15 Magazine 22 Lock mechanism 22a Lock member 22b Axis 31 Support axis 32 Compression spring 35 Lock claw

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tool exchanging magazine device for a machine tool having a magazine provided with a plurality of radially provided grips for gripping a tool attached to and exchanged with a spindle head, wherein each of the grips is a fulcrum on the magazine. At least two arm members rotatably supported by a shaft, and a pair of lock claws on the inner peripheral side of the fulcrum shaft, opposing each other integrally with the arm member, and always having an outer periphery.
The side is urged in the closing direction, has a locked state activated in a direction to grip the tool, and an unlocked state activated in a direction to receive or eject the tool, and between the lock claws , In the opening and closing direction of the arm
And a lock shaft extending vertically and fixed on the lock shaft.
Consisting of a trapezoidal portion with a tapered surface,
The lock is located on the inner peripheral side of the axis with which the lock claw is engaged.
A locking member is provided so that the axis of the shaft can be retracted and retracted, and the trapezoid is formed by moving the locking member in the locking axial direction.
When the hook enters between the lock claws,
Wherein the grip is in an unlocked state when the trapezoidal portion is not held between the lock claws so that the lock state is maintained.