JP3361632B2 - Tool unclamping device for machine tools - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tool unclamping device for a machine tool, and more particularly to an unclamping mechanism for unclamping a tool clamped on a spindle head. . 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, machine tools have been provided with a mechanism for unclamping a tool holder clamped on a spindle head in order to make tools freely exchangeable.
In this unclamping mechanism, an unclamping lever that is rotationally driven at the time of unclamping contacts an unclamping shaft serving as a clamp releasing member that can move in parallel on the spindle head side and resists the urging force of a spring or the like. By pushing and pushing, unclamping operation is performed. The contact portion between the unclamping lever and the unclamping shaft is flat on the unclamping lever side,
The unclamping shaft is constituted by a member such as a pin provided on a spindle shaft so as to be movable in parallel with the spindle axis. [0003] However, in the above-described conventional unclamping mechanism, the unclamping lever makes an arc movement around its supporting point,
Since the unclamping shaft moves in parallel, the two slide on the contact surface of each other, and therefore, the contact surface is worn. When the amount of wear increases, there is a problem that a normal unclamping operation cannot be performed.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and a lever for unclamping a tool clamped on a spindle head and a movement releasing member do not slide with each other, and perform a rolling operation. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a tool unclamping device for a machine tool, which prevents abrasion at a contact portion between the two and can always perform a normal unclamping operation. [0004] In order to achieve this object, an invention according to claim 1 includes a spindle head provided to be vertically movable with respect to a column, and a spindle head rotatably mounted on the spindle head. A spindle shaft provided, and an unclamping mechanism for unclamping a tool clamped on the spindle shaft, wherein the unclamping mechanism is provided with a cam follower at a tip and rotatably supported on a column. And a rod inserted into the hollow portion of the spindle shaft, and connected at a rear end side of the rod,
Set vertically on the side end face against the cam follower
Is composed of a moving release member having a notched slope to back, it said spindle head before at elevated
Contact the side end faces of the serial movement release member and said cam follower
And, the extrusion the moving release member the cam follower by the rotation of the unclamping levers to the tool side, so as to release the clamped state of the tool to translate the rod relative to the spindle axis, the spindle head But
The unclamping lever is turned while the
If the spindle head moves up,
The slope of the movement releasing member abuts on the cam follower.
Machine tool of tool unclamping apparatus that. According to the tool unclamping device for a machine tool according to the first aspect of the present invention, the spindle head is normally raised and the side ends of the cam follower and the movement releasing member are raised.
The faces abut. After the contact, the rotation of the unclamping lever causes the cam follower provided at the tip of the unclamping lever to push the movement releasing member toward the tool, and the rod provided in the hollow portion of the spindle shaft to the spindle shaft. In parallel, the tool is released from the clamped state. On the other hand, when the spindle head
When the unclamping lever is rotated while there is no
The cam fork when the spindle head is raised
The lower moves in contact with the slope of the movement releasing member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A machine tool provided with a tool unclamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. This machine tool 1 performs cutting and other work in a horizontal direction (left and right in the drawing) with respect to a work (not shown), and vertically with respect to a column 2 movably provided in front and rear and left and right directions. It comprises a spindle head 3 movably provided in a direction, and a magazine device 4 for automatic tool change, which is movably provided in the front-rear direction with respect to the column 2 and is rotatable. The spindle head 3 is driven up and down by a ball screw (not shown) provided on the column 2 side. The spindle head 3 includes a spindle shaft (main shaft) 6 having a holder 5 at its tip end for holding and clamping a tool holder, a spindle shaft 6 (main shaft), a spindle motor 7 for rotating the spindle shaft 6, and a tool clamp. And a part of the unclamping mechanism 8 for releasing the pressure. As members constituting the unclamping mechanism 8, a rod 9 movably inserted into a hollow portion of the spindle shaft 6 in parallel with the shaft and urged by an unclamping spring (not shown); An unclamping ring (movement releasing member) 10 fitted around the outer periphery of the rod 9 and connected by a pin at the rear end of the rod 9 is provided on the spindle head 3 side. Other members constituting the unclamping mechanism 8 include an unclamping lever 12 rotatably supported by a fulcrum table 11 on the column 2 side, and a cam 1 for driving the unclamping lever 12 to rotate within a predetermined angle.
3 are provided on the column 2 side. The upper end (dotted line) of the unclamping lever 12 is fitted in the unclamping cam groove 13 a of the cam 13, and the rotation of the cam 13 causes the unclamping lever 12 to rotate. The lower end of the unclamping lever 12 faces the inside of the spindle head 3 through the opening 3a opened in the outer cover of the spindle head 3, and contacts the side end surface 10a (FIG. 3) of the unclamping ring 10 when the spindle head 3 is raised. As a result, the unclamping lever 12 is rotated by the cam drive as shown by a two-dot chain line, and the unclamping ring 10 is pushed forward, whereby the clamped state of the tool can be released. The magazine device 4 has a disk-shaped magazine 15 having grips 14 for radially holding a plurality of tools, and the magazine 15 is rotatably mounted on a magazine support 16 fixed to the column 2. The rotary shaft 17 is held by a supported rotary shaft 17, and can be moved in the horizontal direction by a spline formed on the rotary shaft 17, and is rotated integrally with the shaft 17. The rotating shaft 17 is connected to the magazine turning motor 2 via a reduction gear mechanism 18 and a driving shaft 19.
Connected to 0. A positioning pin 21a for stopping the magazine 15 at a predetermined rotation position is provided on the magazine support portion 16, and a positioning hole 21b is provided at a predetermined position of the magazine 15 in opposition to the positioning pin 21a. Then, the positioning pins 21a are fitted into the positioning holes 21b and positioned. Further, a member 22 for unlocking the grip 14 at a predetermined rotation position of the magazine 15 is provided. As a mechanism for moving the magazine 15 in the front-rear direction, a front-rear shaft shaft 23 supported by a cam base 16a attached to the magazine support 16 so as to be movable back and forth, and the front-rear shaft shaft 23 being moved back and forth. And a front and rear lever 24 for causing the lever to move. The front and rear levers 24 are rotatably supported by a top plate of the cam base 16a, and are cam followers fastened to one end thereof (not shown).
The cam follower 24 a fastened to the other end is engaged with the front and rear cam member 25 connected to the front and rear shaft 23. The cam follower 23a fastened to the front end of the front and rear shaft 23 is
It is engaged with a cam groove 26 provided integrally with the magazine 15 to transmit the longitudinal movement of the shaft 23 to the magazine 15. Further, the integral cam 13 having the unclamping cam groove 13a and the front and rear cam grooves 13b is connected to a cam drive motor (not shown), and its rotation is controlled. By this cam operation, the magazine 15 is driven in the front-rear direction via the front-rear lever 24. The front / rear cam member 25 'indicated by a two-dot chain line indicates the position when it has moved forward. Next, the detailed structure of the unclamping mechanism 8 will be described with reference to FIGS. The lower end of the unclamping lever 12 has a bifurcated shape that can straddle the unclamping ring 10 and includes a cam follower 12 made of a roller member.
a is rotatably attached by a bolt shaft 12b, and the unclamping lever 12 is configured to contact the side end surface 10a of the unclamping ring 10 via the cam follower 12a. The unclamping ring 10 has a hollow portion 10b into which the spindle head 3 is fitted, and a hole 10c through which a pin for connecting to the rod 9 shown in FIG. ,
A notched slope 10d is provided in a vertical direction of a side end face with which the cam follower 12a contacts, so as to be set back with respect to the cam follower 12a. At the upper end of the unclamping lever 12, a cam follower 12c fitted into the unclamping cam groove 13a is attached. Next, the operation of the tool unclamping device for a machine tool configured as described above, particularly, the operation of the unclamping mechanism 8 at the time of tool change will be described. When the operation of the automatic tool change is started, the spindle head 3 is raised, and the unclamping lever 12 is brought into a state where the unclamping lever 12 can contact the unclamping ring 10. At this time, the tool holder clamped on the holder part 5 at the tip of the spindle head 3 holds the magazine 1
5 can be transferred to the grip 14. Further, a cam drive motor (not shown) is driven to rotate the cam 13 via the cam shaft 27.
The unclamping lever 12 is rotated about the fulcrum base 11 and moves in an arc to form a side end surface 1 of the unclamping ring 10.
0a. Further, the unclamping lever 12 is rotated to push the unclamping ring 10, and the rod 9 is moved against the bias of the unclamping spring.
Unclamp is performed. In this operation, while the unclamping lever 12 performs an arc movement, the unclamping ring 10 performs a linear movement parallel to the spindle shaft 6, but the unclamping lever 12 side comes into contact with the roller member (outer ring) of the cam follower 12a. And do a rolling exercise,
No wear occurs at this contact. When an abnormality occurs in the automatic tool changing mechanism while the unclamping lever 12 is in contact with the unclamping ring 10, the unclamping ring 10 receives a spring force from the unclamping spring on the spindle head 3 side. And it is difficult to move it by hand.
May be lowered so that the contact state is removed to prevent the unclamping spring from receiving a spring force. In this case, assuming that the side end surface of the unclamping ring 10 does not have the slope 10d as in the present embodiment and has a step,
At the moment when the cam follower 12a of the unclamping lever 12 separates from the unclamping ring 10, the contact suddenly comes off due to a step, so that the unclamping ring 10 is pushed by an unclamping spring and collides with a member such as a stopper. Deformation may occur. In the present embodiment, since the notched slope 10d is provided in the unclamping ring 10, the cam follower 12a moves smoothly away from the unclamping ring 10, and therefore, the above-described problem does not occur. Also, as described above, the unclamping ring 1
0, the cam follower 12a of the unclamping lever 12 can be inclined even if the unclamping lever 12 is rotated and protrudes before the spindle head 3 is fully raised. , The movement of the spindle head 3 and the rotation of the unclamping lever 12 can be performed simultaneously, and the speed of the operation can be increased. The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible. For example, in the unclamping mechanism 8 of the above embodiment, the cam follower 12a is provided on the unclamping lever 12 side. 4, a rotatable roller member 1 is provided on the unclamping ring 10 side.
0e may be provided. The same operation as described above can be obtained in a configuration like this modification. Further, the unclamping ring 10 serving as the movement releasing member is not limited to the ring shape of the above-described embodiment. As described above, according to the tool unclamping device for a machine tool according to the first aspect of the present invention, when the spindle head is lifted, the cam follower and the side end face of the movement releasing member come into contact with each other. The cam follower provided at the tip of the unclamping lever pushes the movement releasing member toward the tool by the rotation of the unclamping lever. one
On the other hand, while the spindle head is not fully raised,
When the unclamping lever rotates, the spin
The cam follower moves when the dollar head is raised
As the release member moves while contacting the slope,
Prevents wear on the touch area and ensures that the
Not only can the pump move, but also
Simultaneous operation of lifting and rotation of unclamping lever
Is possible and speeds up the operation.
Effect.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a machine tool provided with a tool unclamping device according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of an unclamping mechanism in the unclamping device. FIGS. 3A and 3B are a front view and a side view of an unclamping ring in the unclamping mechanism. FIG. 4 is a partial side view showing a modification of the unclamping mechanism. [Description of Signs] 1 Machine tool 2 Column 3 Spindle head 4 Magazine device 6 Spindle shaft 8 Unclamp mechanism 10 Unclamp ring (movement releasing member) 12 Unclamp lever 12a Cam follower 10d made of roller member Slope 10e Roller member

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B23B 31/117 B23Q 3/157

Claims (1)

(57) [Claim 1] A spindle head movably provided in a vertical direction with respect to a column, a spindle shaft rotatably provided on the spindle head, and a clamp on the spindle shaft. An unclamping mechanism for unclamping the tool, wherein the unclamping mechanism has a cam follower attached to a tip thereof, and is inserted into a hollow portion of the spindle shaft, and an unclamping lever rotatably supported on a column. Rod and
The rod is connected at the rear end side of the rod, and in a vertical direction of a side end surface that comes into contact with the cam follower,
A movement releasing member provided with a notched inclined surface for setback , wherein the movement releasing member is provided when the spindle head is raised.
And the cam follower abuts on the cam follower, and the cam follower pushes the movement releasing member toward the tool by the rotation of the unclamping lever, and the rod moves parallel to the spindle shaft to change the clamp state of the tool. So that the spindle head is not fully raised.
If the unclamping lever is rotated before
When the spindle head is raised, the movement release member
A tool unclamping device for a machine tool , wherein a slope and the cam follower are in contact with each other .