JP3300182B2 - Agricultural harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for extracting and harvesting agricultural products such as root crops from a field, aligning the foliage and roots back and forth while transporting the same to the rear of the machine, and cutting the roots from the foliage. The present invention relates to a self-propelled agricultural product harvester that performs sorting processing and discharges foliage outside the machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, agricultural products vegetated in a field have been sandwiched between a pair of left and right endless belts, pulled out from the field and harvested, and the harvested agricultural products have been lifted toward the rear of the aircraft. A harvesting machine provided with a harvesting / conveying belt to be conveyed, and a cutting machine provided with a cutting processing device for cutting a root portion from a foliage of agricultural products at a predetermined position below the rear part of the conveying route of the harvesting / conveying band has been proposed by the present applicant. I have.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the conventional agricultural product harvester as described above, the following. Since the crops are transported only by one set of transport belts including a pair of left and right endless belts, the transport posture is unstable. . When cutting the roots from the foliage by the cutting device, the harvested material that is pinched and conveyed by the pair of left and right endless belts cannot be cut accurately if the pinching and conveying posture is unstable. . The front and rear alignment of the agricultural products (root crops) that are pinched and transported by the pair of left and right endless belts and supplied to the cutting device is not sufficient, and the posture is not fixed, and the foliage can be cut accurately from the root. could not. . Impurities could not be automatically selected from the roots that were cut and dropped by the cutting device. There were problems such as. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides (1) a method in which agricultural products vegetated in a field are sandwiched between a traveling body and a pair of left and right endless belts and pulled out from the field. Harvesting and transporting the harvested agricultural products while lifting them toward the rear of the aircraft.
In a harvester provided with a cutting device that cuts a root from a foliage portion of a agricultural product at a predetermined position below a rear portion of a transport path of a transport band, the harvesting / transport zone extends substantially from a front end to a rear end of the body. A first conveyor belt having a length,
A second conveyor belt provided so as to overlap the lower side of the first conveyor belt from a substantially middle position in the longitudinal direction of the conveyor belt to a terminal end thereof, and a moving speed of the first conveyor belt. Is set to be slightly faster than the moving speed of the fuselage, and the first transport belt is opened so that the facing distance between the left and right endless belts is slightly wider at the end side after the second transport belt is superimposed. That

(2) The moving speed of the second conveyor belt is
(3) A cutting device is provided below the second conveying belt, and the size and shape of the agricultural product are provided in front of the cutting device. And a pair of left and right guides whose paths are freely expandable and contractable in accordance with the above, and an alignment guide having the same configuration as that of the above-mentioned guides is disposed below the first transport belt in front of the second transport belt. That you set up,

(4) Provided below the cutting device is an endless root conveying belt which receives a root cut and dropped by the cutting device and conveys the root in a predetermined direction, and moves the belt on the belt. (5) The sorting and diverting rollers that rotate in the opposite direction are arranged diagonally, and (5) are conveyed by the first and second conveyor belts above the end of the first conveyor belt. The present invention is characterized in that a foliage ejector is provided which takes over the foliage and directs it toward the rear of the fuselage to discharge.

[0007]

With the above arrangement, the agricultural harvester of the present invention has the following operations. . The harvesting / conveying belt includes a first conveying belt having a length substantially extending from a front end to a rear end of the body, and a first conveying belt extending from a substantially intermediate position in a longitudinal direction of the first conveying belt to a terminal end.
And a second conveyor belt provided so as to be superimposed below the conveyor belt, and the moving speed of the first conveyor belt is set to be slightly higher than the moving speed of the machine body. The first transport belt is opened so that the facing distance between the left and right endless belts is slightly widened on the terminal side after the second transport belt and the second transport belt overlap, so that the first transport belt pulls out agricultural products from the field. Is smoothly performed, and the handover of the foliage from the first transport belt to the second transport belt is performed smoothly.

[0008] The moving speed of the second conveyor belt is set to the first
By increasing the moving speed of the conveyor belt, the front-rear distance between the foliage and the root in the second conveyor belt can be widened. . A cutting device is provided below the second conveyor belt, and a pair of left and right guides whose paths are freely expandable and contractable in accordance with the size and shape of the agricultural product are provided on the front side of the cutting device, and a second conveyor is provided. By arranging an alignment guide having the same configuration as the above-mentioned guide below the first conveyor belt on the front side of the belt, the front and rear alignment of the crops conveyed by the harvesting / conveying belt is at least two times. The cutting accuracy is improved by setting the crops supplied to the cutting processing apparatus to a substantially constant posture state.

[0009] Below the cutting device, provided an endless root conveying belt that receives the root that is cut and dropped by the cutting device and conveys the root in a predetermined direction, and on this belt,
By diagonally arranging the sorting / redirecting rollers that rotate in the opposite direction to the belt movement direction, the roots conveyed by the root conveyor belt are redirected, and the impurities are automatically removed and discharged. I do. . By providing a foliage ejector that takes over the foliage transported by the first and second transport belts and directs it toward the rear of the machine and discharges the foliage above the terminal end of the first transport belt, Discharge backwards without clogging.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 5, reference numeral 1 denotes an agricultural harvester (applied to a ginseng harvester in this embodiment).
This agricultural product harvester 1 is equipped with crawlers 2 and 2 which form a left-right pair and enable spin rotation. An engine 3 is mounted at the center of the body between the crawlers 2 and 2, and a hydraulic unit (not shown) driven by the engine 3 is mounted near the engine 3. A transmission 4 is provided between the crawlers 2 and 2 at a position behind the engine 3 so that the crawlers 2 and 2 can be shifted and steered. Also, as shown in detail in FIG. 6, from the lower front near one side of the fuselage to the rear of the fuselage through the upper side of the fuselage, pinch and pull out the foliage of the ginseng vegetated in the field, and lift upward. A pair of left and right first transport belts 5 for transporting the first transport belt 5 are provided in a forwardly inclined posture, and a weight is placed below the first transport belt 5 from a substantially middle position in the longitudinal direction of the first transport belt 5 to a terminal end thereof. The second conveyor belt 6 is provided in such a manner as to be provided.

The body (field scene) of the first conveyor belt 5
Is 38 degrees, and its moving speed is about 1.3 times the moving speed (ground speed) of the aircraft (in terms of vehicle speed ratio, it is 1.3 times).
It is set to be slightly faster (about 7 times). The moving speed of the second conveyor belt 6 is the first
The speed is set to be about 1.5 times faster than the moving speed of the conveyor belt 5. Then, the first transport belt 5 is located on the terminal side after the second transport belt 6 is overlapped with the second transport belt 6, as shown in FIG.
As is apparent from the above, the left and right endless belts are slightly open so that the facing distance between the endless bands gradually increases toward the rear.

The first transport belt 5 and the second transport belt 6 are of a wide width which is wound around a pair of front and rear pulleys 7 and rotates in the direction of the arrow. Are alternately pressed by 8, 8,.... A digging blade 9 for digging below the ginseng vegetated in the field while slightly vibrating back and forth below the front portion of the first conveyor belt 5.
Is provided so as to be movable up and down, and a scraping wheel 10 for scraping the foliage of carrot is provided coaxially above the rotating portion at the tip end of the first conveyor belt 5. The first transport belt 5 and the second transport belt 6 are supported by a support frame that is long in the front-rear direction, and are rotatable up and down around a fulcrum O provided substantially at an intermediate portion thereof. The vertical movement is adjusted by the expansion and contraction operation of the cylinder.

A cutting device 11 is provided below the second conveyor belt 6, and a passage is provided in front of the cutting device 11 in accordance with the size and shape of the crop, as shown in FIGS. A pair of left and right guides 12 are provided, which are freely expandable and contractable and align moving crops in front and rear. This guide 12
Is connected to one end of a telescopic link 14, 14 at each end of a pair of left and right fixing members 13 fixed to the body side,
A guide plate 15 is pivotally supported at the other ends of the telescopic links 14,14. A resin plate 16 is attached to a portion of the guide plate 15 which is in contact with the ginseng root. A coil spring 17 is stretched between the telescopic links 14 and 14 to urge the guide plates 15 and 15 toward the opposite side. Pins at both ends of a support arm 19 are loosely fitted into a pair of support holes 18 provided in the guide plate 15, and a pair of sliding rods 2 having one ends fixed to the support arm 19.
The other ends of 0 and 20 are slidably fitted to the fixed member 13. The path of the ginseng foliage passing between the guide plates 15 and 15 is freely expandable and contractable according to the size and shape of the foliage.

A first alignment guide 21 and a second alignment guide 22 having the same configuration as the guide 12 are provided below the first transport belt 5 in front of the second transport belt 6.
Is arranged. The first alignment guide 21 and the second
Since the alignment guide body 22 is slightly different in shape from the guide body 12 and has substantially the same configuration and function, a and b are added to the reference numerals of the respective constituent members for detailed description. Description is omitted. One or two or more alignment guides may be provided. At the rear end of the second alignment guide 22, that is, below the boundary between the first transport belt 5 and the second transport belt 6, the first
And a harvest collection device 23 that collects the crop that falls when the second transfer belt 6 takes over from the first transfer belt 5. The harvested product recovery device 23 includes a container mounting table 24 that covers the crawler 2 from above and to the side, and a container 25 that is mounted on the container mounting table 24.

Above the end of the first conveyor belt 5, a first
A base end of a foliage discharge body 26 that takes over the foliage transported by the second transport belts 5 and 6 and directs it toward the rear of the machine and discharges the foliage is coaxially provided. This foliage discharge body 26 is composed of a feed chain 27 and a pinching rail 28.
And is disposed so as to be curved downward toward the rear end of the aircraft. The upper part of the first conveyor belt 5 and the foliage discharger 26 is covered by a cover 29, and a foliage discharge guide 30 is provided below the foliage discharger 26. On the front side of the first conveyor belt 5, a foliage horizontal scraping and scraping device 31 and a foliage vertical scraping and scraping device 32 are integrally provided. The first conveyor belt 5, the foliage lateral scraping and scraping device 31 and the foliage vertical scraping and scraping device 32 are supported by a grounding wheel 33, and the grounding wheel 33 can be vertically adjusted by a vertical adjustment handle 34. It is.

A control section 35 is provided at a front portion of the body opposite to the first conveyor belt 5 and a step 36 for a driver is provided behind the control section 35.
And a control seat 37 are provided. A sorting operation step 38 is provided behind the cockpit 37, and a pilot, a movement of the sorting operator, and a container mounting table are provided beside the operator step 36, the cockpit 37 and the sorting step 38. Foldable multi-purpose step 39 that also serves
Is provided. Further, container mounting tables 40, 41, 42, 43 are foldably provided behind the multipurpose step 39 and below the rear portions of the first transport belt 5 and the second transport belt 6.

The cutting device 11 comprises a pair of left and right positioning rolls 44 for positioning the root of carrot and a cutter blade 45 for cutting the root from the foliage. Below the cutting device 11, the cutting device 11
An endless root conveying belt 46 is provided which receives a root cut and dropped and conveys the root in a predetermined direction. On the upper surface of the root conveying belt 46, a root conveying belt 46 is provided with a slight gap from the root conveying belt 46. The sorting / deflecting roller 47 rotating in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the belt 46 is
It is arranged at an angle of 0 degrees. This root conveyor belt 46
And a sorting conveyor 48 is provided so as to intersect with the turning direction of the sorting / turning roller 47. The sorting conveyor 48 is adapted to be engaged and disengaged by a sorting conveyor clutch lever 49.

An agricultural (carrot) harvester 1 having such a configuration.
In the first step, the foliage lateral raking / raising device 31 and the foliage vertical raking / raising are performed according to the two ginseng ridge rows in the field.
The harvesting operation is performed together with the forward movement of the fuselage by adjusting the digging depth by the grounding wheel 33 with the rake device 32 facing the rake device. Then, the ginseng whose foliage is scraped while the foliage is scraped up by the foliage horizontal scraping and scraping device 31 and the foliage vertical scraping and scraping device 32, and whose root is dug up by the excavating blade 9, is the first ginseng. Two rows of foliage are pinched by the transport belt 5, pulled out of the field, and transported while being lifted toward the rear of the machine. In this transport process, the crops are aligned back and forth by the first alignment guide 21 and the second alignment guide 22, and are carried over to the second transport belt 6 and transported. The ginseng that fell at the time of this takeover was container 25
To be housed.

The ginseng conveyed by the second conveyor belt 6 is
In addition to being re-aligned by the guide body 12, the front-back distance is widened, the root is cut from the foliage at a predetermined position with high accuracy by the cutting processing device 11, and the root falls onto the root conveyor belt 46, and is sorted and turned. The contaminants are sorted by the rollers 47 and sent to the rear, and the roots are deflected to separate the sorting conveyor 48.
And is sorted and accommodated in a container placed on the container placing table 41. On the other hand, the foliage whose roots have been cut is conveyed by the second conveyor belt 6 and the first conveyor belt 5, discharged by the foliage discharge body 26, and discharged in a predetermined direction via the foliage discharge guide 30.

[0020]

As described above, the agricultural product harvester of the present invention has the following effects. . The harvesting / conveying belt includes a first conveying belt having a length substantially extending from a front end to a rear end of the body, and a first conveying belt extending from a substantially intermediate position in a longitudinal direction of the first conveying belt to a terminal end.
And a second conveyor belt provided so as to be superimposed below the conveyor belt, and the moving speed of the first conveyor belt is set to be slightly higher than the moving speed of the machine body. The first conveyor belt is opened so that the interval between the left and right endless belts is slightly wider on the terminal side after the second conveyor belt has overlapped with the second conveyor belt, so that the first conveyor belt can pull out agricultural products from the field. Smoothly, the foliage transported by the first transport belt is smoothly carried over to the second transport belt and transported.

[0021] The moving speed of the second conveyor belt is set to the first
Is set to be faster than the moving speed of the conveyor belt, so that the front-rear spacing between the foliage and roots taken over from the first conveyor belt can be made wider than before, which is convenient for processing in the cutting processing device. Good. . A cutting device is provided below the second conveyor belt, and a pair of left and right guides whose paths are freely expandable and contractable in accordance with the size and shape of the agricultural product are provided on the front side of the cutting device, and a second conveyor is provided. Since the alignment guide having the same configuration as that of the above-described guide is disposed below the first conveyor belt on the front side of the belt, the front and rear alignment of the crops conveyed by the harvesting / conveyance belt is performed at least twice. As a result, the crops supplied to the cutting processing device are aligned in a substantially constant posture, and the cutting accuracy can be improved.

[0022] Below the cutting device, provided an endless root conveying belt that receives the root that is cut and dropped by the cutting device and conveys the root in a predetermined direction, and on this belt,
The sorting and diverting rollers that rotate in the direction opposite to the belt movement direction are arranged diagonally, so that the roots conveyed by the root conveyor belt are diverted, and impurities are automatically removed and discharged. Can be. . A foliage ejector is provided above the terminal end of the first conveyor belt to take over the foliage conveyed by the first and second conveyor belts and direct it toward the rear of the machine to discharge the foliage. It can be discharged toward the rear of the aircraft without clogging.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of an agricultural harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view showing the main part.

FIG. 3 is an overall plan view of the agricultural product harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an overall plan view showing the main part.

FIG. 5 is an overall plan view showing the main part.

FIG. 6 is an overall plan view in which a part of a harvesting / conveying belt is omitted.

FIG. 7 is a bottom view of a guide body of the cutting apparatus.

FIG. 8 is a view taken along line AA of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a front view of a guide of the cutting apparatus.

FIG. 10 is a bottom view of the first alignment guide.

FIG. 11 is a view taken along line BB of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a front view of a first alignment guide.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of a second alignment guide.

FIG. 14 is a view taken along line CC of FIG. 13;

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 agricultural product (carrot) harvester 2 crawler 3 engine 4 transmission 5 first transport belt 6 second transport belt 7 pulley 8 spring-loaded roll 9 digging and raising blade 10 scraping wheel 11 cutting device 12 guide body 13 13a 13b fixing member 14 14a 14b Telescopic link 15 15a 15b Guide plate 16 16a 16b Resin plate 17 17a 17b Coil spring 18 18a 18b Support hole 19 19a 19b Support arm 20 20a 20b Sliding rod 21 First alignment guide 22 Second alignment guide Body 23 Harvested product recovery device 24 Container mounting table 25 Container 26 Foliage discharge body 27 Feed chain 28 Clamping rail 29 Cover 30 Foliage discharge guide 31 Foliage horizontal scraping and scraping device 32 Foliage vertical scraping and scraping device 33 Grounding wheel 34 Vertical Adjustment Handle 35 Pilot 36 Pilot Step 37 Pilot Seat 38 Sorting Step 39 Multipurpose Step 40-43 Container Placement Table 44 Positioning Roll 45 Cutter Blade 46 Root Transport Belt 47 Sorting / Diverting Roller 48 Sorting Conveyor 49 Sorting Conveyor clutch lever

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hideaki Isozaki 86-1 Nakafurune, Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture (56) References JP-A-6-46628 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB A01D 13/00-33/14

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] An agricultural product vegetated in a field is picked up from a field by a pair of left and right endless belts, and is harvested by a traveling machine body. The harvested agricultural product is transported while being lifted toward the rear of the machine body. A harvesting machine provided with a harvesting / conveying belt, and a cutting processing device for cutting a root portion from a foliage portion of an agricultural product at a predetermined position below a rear portion of the conveying route of the harvesting / conveying belt, And a first conveyor belt having a length substantially extending from a front end to a rear end of the first conveyor belt.
And a second conveyor belt provided so as to be superimposed below the conveyor belt, and the moving speed of the first conveyor belt is set to be slightly higher than the moving speed of the machine body. The agricultural machine according to claim 1, wherein the first conveyor belt is opened so that the facing distance between the left and right endless belts becomes slightly wider on the terminal side after the second conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt overlap. 2. The harvester according to claim 1, wherein the moving speed of the second conveyor belt is set to be faster than the moving speed of the first conveyor belt. 3. A cutting device is provided below the second conveyor belt, and a pair of left and right guides is provided at the front side of the cutting device so that the path can be expanded and contracted according to the size and shape of the agricultural product. 3. The harvesting agricultural product according to claim 1, wherein an alignment guide having a configuration similar to that of the guide is disposed below the first transport belt in front of the second transport belt. Machine. 4. An endless root conveying belt, which receives a root cut and dropped by the cutting processing device and conveys the root in a predetermined direction, is provided below the cutting processing device. 4. The agricultural harvester according to claim 1, wherein a sorting / deflecting roller rotating in an opposite direction is disposed obliquely. 5. An upper part of the end of the first conveyor belt,
4. A crop harvest according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a foliage discharger which takes over the foliage transported by the first and second transport belts and directs the foliage toward the rear of the machine and discharges the foliage. Machine.