JP3299667B2 - How to dry scallops - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for drying scallops.
About the law .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Scallop scallops are used to dry scallop scallops to a moisture content of 16% or less to withstand long-term storage, and are prized mainly as ingredients for Chinese cuisine.

[0003] The manufacturing process of the dried scallop is as shown in the flowchart of FIG. Drying is performed after roasting. Conventionally, a cold air dryer shown in FIG.
After drying to a water content of 30 to 40% using a warm air dryer shown in (1), the product was dried in the sun to finish the water content to 16% or less.

[0004] The cold air dryer shown in FIG. 9A will be described. A heat pump device 6 is disposed at one end inside the dryer, and the drying chamber 2 sucked into the heat pump device 6 is disposed.
The inside air is adjusted to an appropriate temperature and humidity, and the adjusted air is discharged to the duct chamber 4 and is discharged from the duct outlet 10A into the drying chamber 2 through the duct chamber 4. On the other hand, the air flow generated by the blower 31 provided in the upper part of the drying chamber 2 is configured to circulate in the drying chamber 2, and flows through the drying area 14 in the lower space in the drying chamber 2. It flows horizontally (from right to left in the figure). Therefore, the drying cart 28 on which the scallops are loaded is arranged in the drying area 14 in the drying chamber 2, and the scallops loaded on the drying cart 28 by the cold air flowing in the drying area 14 in the horizontal direction. Is dried. The direction of the cold air is one direction.

To explain the hot air dryer shown in FIG. 9B, a duct 32 is provided above the drying chamber 2 and is connected to the inside of the drying chamber 2. A hot air generated by the hot air generator 33 is circulated between the duct 32 and the drying chamber 2 by the hot air generator 33. Therefore, the drying cart 28 on which the scallops are loaded is disposed in the drying chamber 2 and the drying cart 2 is heated by the hot air flowing in the drying chamber 2 in the horizontal direction (from right to left in the figure).
The scallop pillars loaded in 8 are dried. The direction of the warm air is one direction.

[0006] When the end of the roasting process in the manufacturing process of the dried scallops shown in Fig. 8 is approaching, the supply of water from the inside due to internal diffusion cannot catch up with the evaporation from the surface, and the process proceeds to the next drying process. This tendency is further promoted. If the water difference between the surface and the inside of the scallop increases, the diffusion of water to the surface is further impeded, and it takes a long time to dry. In addition, excessive drying of the surface causes cracking.

For this reason, a process of drying for a short time under relatively mild drying conditions, repeating a relatively long period of steaming, and drying again is repeated. Here, the fumigation refers to a step of waiting for diffusion of water from the inside and reducing the difference in water between the surface and the inside in a state where surface drying is suppressed to some extent.

[0008] Solar drying is to reduce the water content of a scallop having a water content of 30 to 40% or less by the radiant heat of the sun and natural ventilation, and at the same time to give a color and luster peculiar to a scallop scallop.

[0009]

As described above, in the conventional cold air dryer or hot air dryer, the number of drying times for drying to a water content of 30 to 40% increases, and the drying period becomes longer. In need. In addition, 30-40%
When a long time passes in the above-mentioned water condition, white powder and mold tend to be generated.On the other hand, if the drying conditions are strict to avoid them, the surface will be excessively dried and cracks will easily occur. Occurs.

[0010] Sun-drying is difficult to use when the weather is irregular. In such a case, hot-air drying or cold-air drying is substituted. However, favorable color tone and gloss cannot be obtained, and the quality deteriorates. Invite.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for drying scallop scallop which can shorten the drying period including the steaming .

[0012]

According to the present invention, after the drying step,
Repeat the drying process and the steaming process in the drying room,
After that, the final drying process is performed.
In the drying step, the temperature and humidity of the air in the drying chamber
And circulate air into the drying chamber with a fan,
Switch the flow direction of the circulating flow to the opposite direction every predetermined time
It is characterized by drying the scallops .

[0013]

[0014] In the drying method , in the drying chamber .
It is desirable that be irradiated with far-infrared to the scallops.

In the conventional drying apparatus shown in FIG. 9 described above, since the flow of air in the drying chamber is in one direction, the object to be dried arranged on the windward side is arranged on the leeward side. It is easier to dry than the material to be dried. Therefore, under the drying condition in which the object to be dried disposed on the lee side is dried appropriately, the object to be dried disposed on the leeward side tends to be excessively dried.

On the other hand, in the present invention, since the windward and the leeward are switched, a plurality of objects to be dried arranged in the flow direction of the wind are dried to the same extent. In addition, when the surface drying progresses on the windward side and the water difference from the inside becomes large to some extent, the direction of the wind changes and turns to the leeward, thereby suppressing the surface drying and promoting the internal diffusion of the water. Therefore, by appropriately selecting the time for switching the direction of the wind, the surface drying does not proceed excessively even if the drying is performed for a long time. The decrease proceeds, and the water content can be reduced to a predetermined percentage or less in a small number of times. As a result, the number of steps required for drying can be reduced, and the period during which the object to be dried is apt to deteriorate is shortened, thereby preventing the generation of white powder and mold. In addition, since the surface drying does not proceed excessively, the period of the fumigation is shortened.
At the same time , the occurrence of cracks can be prevented.

When the weather cannot be dried due to irregular weather, the object to be dried is irradiated with far-infrared rays by a far-infrared ray heater, whereby the browning can be suppressed appropriately, and the color tone and gloss can be adjusted.

[0018]

FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show an embodiment of the present invention. The drying device used in the drying process in the manufacturing process of the dried scallops is provided with a drying chamber 2, a heat pump device room 3, and a duct room 4 in the device main body 1.

The apparatus body 1 is a rectangular box that is horizontally long when viewed from the front, and has left and right side walls 1a and 1b, and front and rear side walls 1c and 1c.
1d and an upper wall 1e. In the apparatus main body 1, a vertical partition wall 5a is provided near the left end and extends over the front and rear side walls 1c and 1d, and extends to the upper part. Horizontal partition 5 extending to the center position
b, a vertical partition wall 5c provided over the front and rear side walls 1c and 1d and extending from the tip of the horizontal partition wall 5b to the upper wall 1e, and provided over the front and rear side walls 1c and 1d and provided at the left end side. There is provided a horizontal partition 5d formed between the upper position of the vertical partition 5a and the left side wall 1a of the apparatus main body 1.

The drying chamber 2 is formed by a right side wall 1b and an upper wall 1e of the apparatus main body 1, two vertical partitions 5a and 5c, and a horizontal partition 5b disposed therebetween. The heat pump unit room 3 includes a vertical partition wall 5 on the left end side.
a, a left side wall 1a of the apparatus main body 1, and a horizontal partition wall 5d disposed therebetween. Duct room 4
Is formed by a left side wall 1a and an upper wall 1e of the apparatus main body 1 and four partition walls 5a to 5d.

A plurality of heat pump devices 6 are arranged in the heat pump device room 3, and the heat pump device 6 has a suction port 7 on a side facing the vertical partition wall 5a.
The discharge port 8 provided at the upper end is arranged in an opening formed in the horizontal partition wall 5d. At the lower end of the vertical partition wall 5a facing the suction port 7 of the heat pump device 6, a plurality of suction ports 9 are opened at intervals in the front-rear direction. The heat pump device 6 has functions of dehumidifying, cooling and heating, and the air in the drying chamber 2 sucked by the heat pump device 6 from the suction port 9 through the suction port 7 reaches a predetermined temperature and humidity in the heat pump device 6. After that, it is discharged from the discharge port 8 to the duct chamber 4. 6a is a heat pump outdoor unit.

The air that has entered the duct chamber 4 flows through the duct chamber 4 and is discharged into the drying chamber 2 from a plurality of duct outlets 10 that are opened in the upper horizontal partition wall 5b at intervals in the front-rear direction. You.

The drying chamber 2 has side walls 1 at the front and rear of the apparatus main body 1.
A horizontal partition 11 is provided over c and 1d.
The partition 11 is located below the horizontal partition 5b in which the duct outlet 10 is formed. The right end has a gap 12 with the right side wall 1b of the apparatus main body 1, and the left end has a vertical partition. The gap 13 is provided between the gap 5a and the gap 5a. Therefore, the upper space portion and the lower space portion of the horizontal partition 11 are communicated with each other through the left and right gaps 12 and 13, a circulation path is formed therebetween, and the horizontal partition 11 is formed by a blower fan described later. The air in the drying chamber 2 is circulated through the upper space and the lower space. The space below the horizontal partition 11 is a space where the drying cart 28 on which the object to be dried is placed is arranged, and forms a drying area 14 for the object to be dried.

In the drying chamber 2, on the horizontal partition 11, a plurality of fans 15 and 16 for blowing air in opposite directions are arranged alternately in the front-back direction. That is, a plurality of blower fans 15 that generate a counterclockwise circulating flow (hereinafter, referred to as a counterclockwise blower fan 15) are arranged at intervals in the front-rear direction, and a clockwise circulating flow is provided therebetween. (Hereinafter referred to as clockwise fan 16) is disposed. And
Shutters 17 and 18 which can be freely opened and closed are arranged on the back side of the blowers 15 and 16. The horizontal partition wall 5b in which the duct outlet 10 is formed is arranged at a position higher than the blowing fans 15 and 16.

The blower fans 15, 16 and the shutters 17, 1
8 will be described. When the counterclockwise blower fan 15 is operating, the clockwise blower fan 16 prevents the wind from flowing to the suction side through the clockwise blower fan 16.
The shutter 18 on the back side of is closed, and when the clockwise blower fan 16 is operating, the wind is turned counterclockwise.
The shutter 17 on the back side of the counterclockwise blower fan 15 is closed so as not to go around to the suction side through. In addition, each suction port side of the blower fans 15, 16 and the upper wall 1 of the apparatus main body 1.
e between the front and rear side walls 1c and 1d.
9 and 20 are provided respectively.

Therefore, the airflow generated by the counterclockwise fan 15 enters the drying area 14 from the space above the horizontal partition 11 through the left gap 12 and returns to the upper space from the right gap 13. Creates a flow. At this time, the shutter 17 on the back side of the counterclockwise blower fan 15 is open, and the shutter 18 on the backside of the clockwise blower fan 16 is closed. When the counterclockwise blowing fan 15 operates for a predetermined time, the operation of the counterclockwise blowing fan 15 stops, and then the clockwise blowing fan 16 operates for a predetermined time. The airflow generated by the clockwise fan 16 enters the drying area 14 from the space above the horizontal partition 11 through the right gap 13 and generates a circulation flow returning from the left gap 12 to the upper space. At this time, the shutter 18 on the back side of the clockwise fan 16 is open, and the shutter 17 on the back side of the counterclockwise fan 15 is closed. In this way, the counterclockwise blower fan 15 and the clockwise blower fan 16 alternately operate for a predetermined time, so that the circulating flow moves the drying region 14 horizontally (in the horizontal direction in the figure).
It flows and the direction of the circulating flow is reversed at predetermined intervals.

A plurality of hot air heaters 21 are arranged at one end of the horizontal partition 11 of the drying chamber 2 and a plurality of humidifiers 22 are arranged at the other end. In addition, drying room 2
The far-infrared heaters 23 and 2 are respectively provided on the right side wall 1b of the apparatus main body 1 facing the drying area 14 and the vertical partition wall 5a.
4 are fixed. The far-infrared heater may be provided in the drying chamber 2 using a stand-type heater.

Hereinafter, the operation of the above drying apparatus will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the drying container 25 is a rectangular box having an open top, and a large number of ventilation holes 26 are opened on each surface. The drying container 25 in which a large number of scallops 27 to be dried are placed is placed on a drying cart 28. The drying cart 28 is a rectangular box-shaped cart composed of a frame, and a number of horizontal mounting plates 29 are fixed vertically.
Therefore, a drying cart 28 in which a plurality of drying containers 25 containing a large number of scallop pillars 27 to be dried are placed on each mounting plate 29 is formed on the front side wall 1c of the apparatus main body 1 of the drying apparatus. The door 30 is disposed in the drying area 14 of the drying chamber 2. A plurality of drying carts 28 are arranged in the drying area 14 of the drying chamber 2 in front, rear, left and right.

The temperature and humidity of the air in the drying chamber 2 are adjusted to appropriate temperatures and humidity by the heat pump device 6. That is, the air in the drying chamber 2 sucked from the suction port 9 through the suction port 7 by the heat pump device 6 is heated to a predetermined temperature and humidity in the heat pump device 6 and then discharged from the discharge port 8 to the duct chamber 4. , The air entering the duct chamber 4
After flowing through the duct chamber 4, the air is discharged into the drying chamber 2 from a plurality of duct outlets 10 opened in the upper horizontal partition wall 5 b. Thus, the temperature and humidity of the air in the drying chamber 2 are adjusted to appropriate temperatures and humidity. In addition, the hot air heater 21 and the humidifier 22 are appropriately operated to adjust the temperature and humidity of the air in the drying chamber 2.

The blower fans 15 and 16 have the clockwise blower fan 16 stopped and the counterclockwise blower fan 1 has stopped.
5 is activated. The airflow generated by the counterclockwise blower fan 15 enters the drying region 14 from the space above the horizontal partition 11 through the left gap 12 and returns to the upper space from the right gap 13 to generate a circulating flow. At this time, the scallop scallop 27, which is the material to be dried, loaded on each drying cart 28 is dried by the circulating flow flowing in the drying area 14 in the horizontal direction (from left to right in the figure).

The scallop scallop 27 is dried for a predetermined time, and a drying cart 28 on the left end is disposed on the windward side.
When the surface drying of the scallop pillars 27 loaded on the surface of the scallop has progressed and the water difference with the inside has increased to some extent, the operation of the counterclockwise blower fan 15 is stopped and the clockwise blower fan 16 is stopped.
Operates. The air flow generated by the clockwise fan 16 is separated from the space above the horizontal partition 11 by the right gap 1.
A circulating flow enters the drying area 14 through 3 and returns from the left gap 12 to the upper space. As a result, the direction of the circulating flow passing through the drying area 14 of the drying chamber 2 is switched to the opposite direction, and the drying carriage 28 near the left end, which was on the windward side when the counterclockwise blower fan 15 was operating, is moved to the leeward side. As a result, surface drying of the scallops 27 loaded on the drying cart 28 near the left end is suppressed, and the internal diffusion of water proceeds.

When the internal diffusion of the water has progressed to some extent, the clockwise blower fan 16 stops operating and the counterclockwise blower fan 15 starts operating, so that the scallops mounted on the drying cart 28 near the left end. 27 surface drying proceeds. Then, when the water difference from the inside becomes large to some extent, the operation of the counterclockwise blower fan 15 stops, and the clockwise blower fan 16 starts operating. Hereinafter, both fans 1
Operations 5 and 16 are alternately repeated a predetermined number of times.

In the above description, the drying cart 2 near the left end is used.
Although the dried state of the scallop 27 loaded on 8 has been described, the scallop 27 loaded on the drying cart 28 near the right end is also dried in the same manner as described above.

As described above, in the drying apparatus according to the present embodiment, since the leeward and the leeward are interchanged, the scallops 27 loaded on the respective drying carts 28 are dried to the same extent. In addition, the surface drying progresses on the windward side, and when the moisture difference from the inside becomes large to some extent, the direction of the wind changes and turns to the leeward, thereby suppressing the surface drying,
As the internal diffusion of moisture progresses, the surface drying does not progress excessively even if it is dried for a long time, and one drying time can be prolonged. It can be less than a predetermined percentage. As a result, the man-hours required for drying can be reduced, and the period during which the scallop is likely to deteriorate is shortened, so that the occurrence of white powder and mold can be prevented. Further, since the surface drying does not proceed excessively, the occurrence of cracks can be prevented.

As described above, when the water content is reduced to a predetermined level or less, the far-infrared heaters 23 and 24 are operated, and the far-infrared rays are applied to the scallop scallop 27, which is the object to be dried, loaded on each drying cart 28. Irradiation moderately suppresses browning and adjusts color tone and gloss.

It is necessary to change the drying condition of the scallops according to the drying condition. The scallop drying apparatus is configured such that drying conditions can be selected according to the drying state of the scallop. That is, the temperature and humidity set values of the drying chamber 2, the dehumidification and cooling of the heat pump device 6,
Several types of operation patterns in which switching of the heating operation and use or non-use of the hot air heater 21, the humidifier 22, and the far infrared heaters 23 and 24 are prepared and selectable.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show a scallop scallop drying process using a drying device and a scallop scallop drying process using a conventional drying device in this embodiment. FIG.
FIG. 5A shows the process time and the number of days elapsed in the drying process by the drying apparatus (Example 1) using both the switching of the circulating flow and the far-infrared heater, and FIG. The process time and the number of days elapsed in the drying process using a drying device (Example 2) that does not use a heater are shown.
FIG. 6A shows the process time and the number of days elapsed in the drying step using the conventional drying apparatus without the function of switching the circulation flow (Comparative Example 1), and FIG. The process time and the number of days elapsed in the drying process using a drying device (Comparative Example 2) with a heater are shown. FIG.
The far-infrared heater was used every time during the drying in the drying steps of (a) and FIG. 6 (b). Further, FIG. 7 shows a state in which the amount of water is reduced with respect to the number of days of drying by the two types of drying apparatuses of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.

Comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 1, Example 1 has a large reduction in water content by one drying, so that the number of drying times is reduced by three times and halved. In addition, it is dried uniformly, and the steaming time is shortened because the difference in moisture between the surface and the inside is small,
The drying period has been reduced by 15 days. As a result, the required man-hour has been greatly reduced. In Example 2, the first half of drying was the same as that of Example 1, but a difference was observed in the latter half. As a result, the number of drying times was reduced twice as compared with Comparative Example 1, and the drying period was shortened by 10 days. Have been.

The quality of the dried scallops by the conventional drying apparatus and the quality of the dried scallops by the drying apparatus in the present embodiment will be compared. Table 1 shows the results of inspection according to the criteria shown in Tables 2, 3, and 4. Tables 2 and 3 show the classification of dried scallop scallops according to the dried scallop scallop grading standard (Hokkaido Gyren's voluntary rating inspection standard). Table 4 shows the same for the dried scallop scallop (crushed). This shows the product category.

In the case of the drying apparatus of the first embodiment, cracking
As a result of reducing white powder and improving color tone and gloss, the ratio of first-class products increases by 20% and the ratio of crushed products decreases by 9% as compared with Comparative Example 1. In addition, as compared with Comparative Example 2, the ratio of first-class products increased by 6%, and the ratio of broken products decreased by 4%. In the case of using the drying apparatus of the second embodiment, the performance in the first half of drying is the same as that of the first embodiment. Less is produced. As a result, the ratio of first-class products is 9% lower than that of Example 1, but the ratio of first-class products is 11% higher than that of Comparative Example 1, and the ratio of broken products is 8%.
Few. Compared to Comparative Example 2 using a far-infrared heater, the ratio of broken products is 3% less.

[0041]

[0042]

[0043]

Ishidama: An extremely hard scallop that has been boiled in water for boiling which has become cloudy due to insufficient salt water or insufficient water exchange. Old shellfish: A scallop with extremely thin and tightly stiffened meat due to slow growth of shellfish. Ametama: A type of scallop that has a poor quality of the meat due to inadequate boiled or poor drying process, resulting in slight deterioration of the center of the scallop. Hanasaki Shell: A dried scallop that is dried due to over-cooking and has many cracks on the surface of the scallop and looks like pomegranate.

[0045]

[0046]

As described above, according to the present invention, by circulating winds of which temperature and humidity have been adjusted alternately in opposite directions in the drying chamber, any position in the drying area in the drying chamber can be obtained. Since the drying proceeds with little difference in water between the surface and the inside, the drying time for one drying operation can be extended, and as a result, the number of dryings is reduced and the drying period is shortened, so that the man-hour is reduced. And also surface and in
As the drying proceeds with little difference in water from the part,
The time is reduced. As a result, including scallop scallop
The drying period is greatly shortened compared to the prior art . In addition, white powder and mold failure can be reduced by reducing cracking failure due to excessive surface drying and shortening the period of high moisture content. Also, by moderately far infrared proper <br/> those of time for irradiating the scallops, poor color tone and gloss caused by sun drying insufficient for bad weather, or browning failure due solar drying excessive , And a good color tone and gloss can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1A and 1B show an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2A, and FIG.
FIG. 2C is a sectional view taken along the line B, and FIG. 2C is a sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG.

2A and 2B show an embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A is a plan view and FIG. 2B is a front view.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a flow of air in a drying device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional front view showing a drying cart on which scallops are loaded.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are flowcharts showing the process time and the number of days elapsed in the drying process, wherein FIG. 5A shows Example 1 and FIG. 5B shows Example 2;

FIGS. 6A and 6B are flowcharts showing the process time and the number of days elapsed in the drying step, wherein FIG. 6A shows Comparative Example 1 and FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the elapsed drying days and the moisture ratio.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing process of a dried scallops.

FIG. 9A is a front sectional view showing a cool air dryer, and FIG.
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view showing a hot air dryer.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Device main body 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d Side wall 1e Upper wall 2 Drying room 3 Heat pump device room 4 Duct room 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d Partition wall 6 Heat pump device 6a Heat pump outdoor unit 7 Suction port 8 Discharge port 9 Suction port 10 Duct Outlet 11 Partition wall 12, 13 Gap 14 Dry area 15, 16 Blow fan 17, 18 Shutter 19, 20 Partition wall 21 Hot air heater 22 Humidifier 23, 24 Far infrared heater 25 Drying container 26 Vent hole 27 Scallop scallop 28 Drying cart 29 Mounting plate 30 Doorway

Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Yuichi Kobayashi 461-6 Satozuka, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido Hokkaido Electric Power Research Institute (72) Inventor Mitsuaki Ishioka 461-6, Satozuka, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido Hokkaido Electric Power Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-7-255367 (JP, A) JP-A-63-148965 (JP, A) JP-A-4-262735 (JP, A) JP-A-55-39770 (JP, A) A) Japanese Utility Model 6-38583 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model 1-116094 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F26B 21/00 F26B 9/06 F26B 23 / 04 A23L 1/33

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] (1) a drying step in a drying chamber after the roasting step;
Repeat the steaming process and then perform the final drying process.
In the drying method of the vertical scallop, the drying step includes controlling the temperature and humidity of the air in the drying chamber.
Air is circulated into the drying chamber by a fan.
Switch the direction of circulation flow to the opposite direction every predetermined time
A method for drying a scallops . 2. A scallop scallop in a drying process in a drying room.
2. The hot spot according to claim 1, wherein the hot spot is irradiated with infrared rays.
How to dry scallop .