JP3298761B2 - Height difference measuring device and height difference measuring method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a height difference measuring apparatus and a height difference measuring method for measuring a height difference of points scattered in a horizontal direction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When constructing an underpass under a railway track,
It is necessary to excavate the ground under the railway track. At this time, the railway track may sink due to excavation, or the railway track may rise due to thrust of an excavator or injection of a chemical.
Therefore, conventionally, a water-sink type sinker was installed on a railroad railroad sleeper, etc., and the amount of change in rail height was constantly measured during excavation.
It is designed to be able to respond immediately when the railway track sinks or rises as described above.

[0003] Incidentally, the measurement by the immersion type subsidence meter is carried out based on the principle as shown in FIG. The reference water tank 1 is installed in a room at a constant temperature that does not move due to excavation. On the other hand, a sinker 2 is installed at each of the measurement points A, B, and C provided on rails and sleepers, and the lower side of the stand pipe 3 of each sinker 2 and the lower side of the reference water tank 1 are communicated. The pipe 4 communicates with the branch pipe 5. Then, the water surface of the reference water tank 1 and the water surface of each stand pipe 3 are at the same level.

[0004] Here, for example, when the ground at the measurement point B sinks, the stand pipe 3 _B of the subsidence meter 2 _B installed at the measurement point B is set.
Also sinks. However, the water level in each standpipe 3 to become always the same level as the water surface in the reference water tank 1, water standpipe standpipe 3 in _B 3 _B
Is higher than the relative levels of the other stand pipes 3. Conversely, when the ground rises, the relative level decreases. Therefore, if the relative level difference of each standpipe 3 is measured by a water level measuring means (not shown) attached to each standpipe 3, the sinking point and the sinking amount or the rising point and the rising amount can be detected.

[0005] However, in the sinkometer as shown in FIG.
There is a problem that a difference in water temperature occurs between the reference water tank 1 and the standpipe 3 in summer and winter, a problem that the water level measuring means is attached to each submergence meter 2 and the size becomes large, and a water level in the submergence meter 2 side. There is a problem that it is affected by the vibration of the place where the subsidence meter 2 is installed to measure the temperature. Therefore, recently, as shown in FIG. 10, a height difference measuring device for measuring a height difference at a measurement point side on a reference water tank side has been proposed.

[0006] A measuring point water tank 111 is installed at points (1) to (N) scattered in the horizontal direction, and a reference water tank 1 installed at an immovable point is installed.
A communication pipe 113 and a branch pipe 11
It communicates with 4. Then, the water in the water supply tank 117 is supplied to the reference water tank 112 by the electric pump 118, and when the relative height of the point (1) is measured, for example, the electromagnetic valve 11 is used.
5,116 ₁ is opened and the reference water tank 112 and the measuring water tank 111 are opened.
Communicate with ₁ . Thus, by measuring the distance to the floating member 120 of the reference water tank 112 becomes equal level as the survey point aquarium 111 ₁ in the laser rangefinder 119 measures the water level of the survey point aquarium 111 ₁ by the reference water tank 112 side It is.

[0007]

However, in the above-mentioned elevation difference measuring device for measuring the water level at the measuring point side on the reference water tank side, the water level measurement in one measuring point water tank 111 takes several minutes (two to three minutes). Time). Therefore, when many measuring water tanks 111 are installed, one measurement
There is a problem that it takes a long time to perform one measurement of the water levels of all the measuring tanks 111. In addition, since measurements at multiple points are sequentially performed, there is a problem that continuous water level fluctuation at one point cannot be detected. Usually, excavation work as described above is performed with safety in mind. Therefore, subsidence or uplift of the ground due to excavation work rarely occurs. In other words, subsidence and uplift of the crossties and rails rarely occur, and it is not preferable to spend a long time detecting such rarely occurring subsidence or uplift.

An object of the present invention is to provide a height difference measuring apparatus and a height difference measuring method which can measure a height difference of a measurement position in a short time in normal times.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object, an elevation difference measuring apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention has a supply port below and an overflow port above which liquid overflows, A plurality of measuring liquid tanks installed at the measuring position, a plurality of supply pipes each having one end connected to a supply port of each measuring liquid tank, having a valve interposed, and one communicating pipe having a valve interposed; A reference liquid tank having a drain port communicating with the other end of each of the supply pipes, and forming a liquid column having the same height as the liquid surface of the measurement liquid tank; and the valve in the communication pipe. A first storage pipe is connected between the supply pipe and the first branch point, and a first supply pipe provided with a valve is connected to the supply tank and the reference liquid tank. Liquid in the reference liquid tank
A second liquid supply pipe provided with an adjusting means for adjusting a supply amount for supplying the liquid, and a measuring meter for measuring a height of the liquid surface of the reference liquid tank from a reference position. .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the elevation difference measuring apparatus according to the first aspect, the distal end of the communication pipe communicates with the storage tank, and a valve is provided downstream of the final branch point. It has a return pipe interposed, and a pump is interposed in the first liquid supply pipe.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a height difference measuring method using the height difference measuring device according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, wherein the reference liquid tank is always in the supply tank.
While dropping and replenishing the liquid, measure the height of the liquid in any one of the plurality of measuring liquid tanks on the reference liquid tank side, and measure the liquid level of the specific measuring liquid tank. When the height shows an abnormal value, the liquid in all the measuring liquid tanks is sequentially replaced with the liquid in the storage tank via the first liquid supply pipe and the communication pipe, and the measurement in which the liquid is replaced is performed. The height of the liquid surface of the liquid tank is sequentially measured on the reference liquid tank side.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a height difference measuring method using the height difference measuring apparatus according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, wherein the reference liquid tank is always in the replenishing tank.
While dropping the liquid and replenishing the liquid, the height of the liquid in any one of the plurality of measurement liquid tanks is measured on the reference liquid tank side, and every time a predetermined time elapses. The liquid in all the measuring liquid tanks is sequentially replaced with the liquid in the storage tank via the first liquid supply pipe and the communication pipe, and the liquid level of the measuring liquid tank in which the liquid has been replaced is determined by the above-described reference. It is characterized in that measurement is performed sequentially on the liquid tank side.

[0013]

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the height difference measuring method according to the third or fourth aspect, when sequentially measuring the liquid level in all the measuring liquid tanks, It is characterized in that the constant supply of liquid to the reference liquid tank is stopped.

[0015]

In the invention according to the first aspect, the valve of the first liquid supply pipe and the valve of the communication pipe are opened, and the liquid is supplied from the liquid storage tank to the reference water tank via the first liquid supply pipe and the communication pipe. Supplied. Further, when the valve of the communication pipe is closed and the valve of the supply pipe is opened, the first liquid is removed from the liquid storage tank.
The liquid is supplied to the measurement liquid tank installed at the measurement position via the liquid supply pipe, the communication pipe, and the supply pipe, and the liquid overflows from the overflow port of the measurement liquid tank and the liquid in the measurement liquid tank is replaced. . When the valve of the first liquid supply pipe is closed and the valve of the communication pipe is opened, the liquid level of the reference liquid tank and the liquid level of the measurement liquid tank become the same. At this time, the height of the liquid surface of the reference liquid tank from the reference position is measured by a distance meter. Thus, the height of the liquid level in the measurement liquid tank at each measurement position is measured on the reference liquid tank side, and the height difference between each measurement position is measured. At that time, up and down the track due to the passage of the train
The liquid overflows and decreases due to the movement.
By the adjusting means interposed in the liquid pipe,
Liquid is dropped on the liquid surface of the reference liquid tank.
It is replenished little by little. Thus, the specified measuring solution tank
Measurement of liquid level in the chamber is performed stably for a long time
It is.

In the invention according to claim 2, before the liquid in the measuring liquid tank is replaced, the valves of the first liquid supply pipe and the return pipe are opened and the pump is driven. Then, the liquid in the communication pipe is pushed back to the liquid storage tank via the return pipe. In this way, the liquid in the communication pipe is circulated through the liquid storage tank, so that the consumption of the liquid is reduced, and the temperature of the liquid is maintained at the temperature in the liquid storage tank.

Further, in the invention according to claim 3, the liquid in the replenishing tank is constantly dropped and supplied to the reference liquid tank. Then, the height of the liquid in any one of the plurality of measurement liquid tanks is measured on the reference liquid tank side. Then, when the liquid level in the specific measurement liquid tank exhibits an abnormal value while the liquid level in the specific measurement liquid tank is monitored, the first liquid supply is performed. The liquid in all the measuring liquid tanks is sequentially replaced with the liquid in the liquid storage tank via the pipe and the communication pipe, and the height of the liquid surface is sequentially measured on the reference liquid tank side. Thus, normally, only the height fluctuation at a specific measurement position where the height difference is expected to be large is measured in a short time, and only when the height fluctuation at the specific measurement position becomes abnormal, The height difference at the measurement position is accurately measured.

Further, in the invention according to claim 4, the liquid in the replenishing tank is constantly dropped and supplied to the reference liquid tank. Then, the height of the liquid in any one of the plurality of measurement liquid tanks is measured on the reference liquid tank side. Then, every time a predetermined time elapses, the liquid in all the measuring liquid tanks is sequentially replaced with the liquid in the liquid storage tank via the first liquid supply pipe and the communication pipe, and the height of the liquid surface is increased. It is measured sequentially on the reference liquid tank side. In this way, only the height fluctuation at a specific measurement position where the displacement of the height difference is expected to be large is measured, and the height fluctuation at the measurement position is monitored in a short time and roughly, and all the measurement positions are measured at predetermined time intervals. Is measured, and the height difference at the measurement position is accurately checked.

[0019]

In the invention according to claim 5, when the liquid levels in all the measuring liquid tanks are sequentially measured, the liquid supply to the reference liquid tank is always stopped. In this way, the measurement of the liquid level in all the measuring liquid tanks is performed stably without being affected by the fluctuation of the liquid level in the reference liquid tank.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments. In the present embodiment, an example will be described in which a subsidence or a rise of a railway line is measured when an underpass is constructed under the railway line. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an operation system in the height difference measuring apparatus of the present embodiment. Measurement points (1) to (N) are provided at regular intervals on the railway line in the construction section, and water tanks (hereinafter referred to as measurement point water tanks) 11 _{1 to} 11 _N are provided at each of the measurement points (1) to (N). Install. Each of the measuring point tanks 11 _{1 to} 11 _N has drains 59 _{1 to} 59 _N at the bottoms of which are provided electromagnetic valves 58 _{1 to} 58 _N.

A reference water tank 12 is provided at an immovable point near the measurement points (1) to (N) so as to obtain a water level approximately equal to the height of each measurement point water tank 11. And one end is reference tank 1
The main pipe 13 connected to the lower part of the measuring point 2 is arranged so as to pass near the measuring point tank 11 provided at each measuring point. Then, a lower portion of the parent pipe 13 and the respective survey point water tank 11 connected with the daughter pipe 14 ₁ to 14 _N, the reference water tank 1 of the parent pipe 13
While the electromagnetic valve 15 is provided on the second side,
To ₁ to 14 _N to interposed a solenoid valve 16 ₁ ~ 16 _N. At this time, the area ratio between the cross section of the reference water tank 12 and the cross section of the measuring point water tank 11 is set to about 10: 1.

In the vicinity of the reference water tank 12, a water supply tank 17 is provided.
The lower part of the water supply tank 17 is connected to the measuring water tank 11 side from the electromagnetic valve 15 in the parent pipe 13 by the first water supply pipe 55 in which the electric pump 18, the electromagnetic valve 56 and the flow meter 57 are provided. I do. Further, a supply tank 19 is installed near the reference water tank 12, and a lower part of the supply tank 19 and a lower part of the reference water tank 12 are connected by a second water supply pipe 30 in which an electromagnetic valve 20 and a liquid reservoir 29 are provided. Then, a liquid surface having the same height as the reference water tank 12 is formed in the liquid reservoir 29. Further, a return pipe 40 for returning water in the parent pipe 13 to the water supply tank 17 is provided at the end of the parent pipe 13.
Is attached, and the final measuring point tank 11 of the return pipe 40 is attached.
An electromagnetic valve 39 is provided further downstream than the electromagnetic valve 39. Here, the reference water tank 12, the water supply tank 17, the supply tank 1
9. The first water supply pipe 55 and the second water supply pipe 30 are surrounded by one cover so that the water temperatures in the reference water tank 12, the water supply tank 17 and the supply tank 19 are the same.

In this embodiment, the water level of each measuring point tank 11 is measured on the reference tank 12 side. FIG. 2 shows the reference water tank 12.
FIG. A drain port 21 to which the parent pipe 13 is connected is provided at a lower portion of the cylindrical reference water tank 12, a water supply port 22 to which a second water supply pipe 30 is connected at a side portion, and an overflow port 23 is provided at an upper portion. And the reference tank 1
A floating member 26 in which a plurality of spherical floats 25 are circularly mounted around a reflector 24 made of a metal disk having an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the reference water tank 12 is floated on the water surface in the inside 2.

At the center of the lid 27 of the reference water tank 12, a laser distance meter 28 is installed. This laser distance meter 28
Receives a laser beam emitted from a lower central light emitting unit (not shown) and reflected by the reflector 24 on the water surface at a light receiving unit adjacent to the light emitting unit, and outputs a current signal indicating that the light is received. . In addition, as described above, the spherical member 25 is provided around the reflecting plate 24 made of a disk having an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the reference water tank 12 to form the floating member 26, so that the water surface can be shaken. The central part of the reflector 24 is stable.
Therefore, if the laser beam from the laser distance meter 28 is emitted aiming at the center of the reflector 24, a stable measurement value can be obtained.

FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the measuring point tank 11.
The measuring point tank 11 forms a box, has a water supply port 31 at the lower part of the side wall to which the child pipe 14 is connected, and has an overflow hole 32 at the upper part of the side wall. And the measuring point tank 11
Is attached to the surface of the metal plate 33. Reference numeral 60 denotes a drain port to which the drain 59 is connected. The measuring water tank 11 having the above configuration is attached to a railroad railroad sleeper 38 as follows. That is, the back surface of the mounting plate 34 having the holes 37, 37 is fixed to the surface of the sleeper 38 with an adhesive. Then, three bolts erected on the surface of the mounting plate 34
The metal plate 33 is attached to the nut 35 (in FIG. 3, two are shown) so that the vertical position can be adjusted.

Here, the height "H" of the measuring point water tank 11 is set.
Is set to such a height that the measuring point tank 11 does not protrude from the rail when the metal plate 33 is positioned at the highest position in the bolt 35. This is sufficiently possible because there is no need to add a water level measuring means to the main measuring point tank 11. In this way, the water level measurement can be performed in a state where the train can pass. At that time, as described above, the area ratio between the cross section of the reference water tank 12 and the cross section of the measurement point water tank 11 was set to about 1
By setting the ratio to 0: 1, the influence of the fluctuation of the water surface in the measuring point water tank 11 does not reach the water surface in the reference water tank 12.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a state in which the measuring point tank 11 is attached to the sleeper 38. As shown in FIG. 4 (a) is a sectional view of the track and the track bed, FIG. 4 (b) is a plan view, and FIG. 4 (c) is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4 (a). The mounting plate 34 to which the measuring water tank 11 is mounted by the bolts 35, 35 is fixed on the sleeper 38 with an adhesive as described above, and at the same time, the hook bolt 41 and the nut which penetrate the hole 37 (see FIG. 3) 42 and 42 can be securely attached to the sleeper 38.

As described above, by operating the electromagnetic valve 16 in the measuring point tank 11 attached to the sleeper 38, the parent pipe 13 and the child pipe 1 are operated.
The water in the reference water tank 12 is supplied via 4. The water in the measuring point tank 11 is discharged from the drain 59 by opening the electromagnetic valve 58. The height of the measuring tank 11 in that state is lower than the height of the rail 43, as shown in FIG. 4A, and the measuring tank 11 is located outside the building limit (that is, the train limit). The train can pass safely.

FIG. 5 shows the measuring point tank 11, the reference tank 12,
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control system that controls an operation system configured by a water supply tank 17 and a supply tank 19; Personal computer (hereinafter abbreviated as personal computer) 45
Are connected via the relay output board 46 to the electromagnetic valves 16 and 58 of each measuring tank 11, the electromagnetic valves 15 of the parent pipe 13,
Electromagnetic valve 20 of second water supply pipe 30, return pipe 40
The opening and closing operation of the electromagnetic valve 39 and the electromagnetic valve 56 of the first water supply pipe 55 and the operation of the electric pump 18 are controlled,
Execute the water level measurement process. Then, the current signal sent from the laser distance meter 28 is digitally converted by the current input type A / D converter 47 and taken in.
The time from when the laser beam is emitted from the light emitting unit 8 to when it is received by the light receiving unit is obtained, and the water level in the reference water tank 12 is calculated. At this time, a current signal representing the flow rate sent from the flow meter 57 is converted to a current input type A / D converter 4.
At 7, the digital water is converted and taken in, and the amount of water supplied to the reference water tank 12 or the measuring water tank 11 is obtained.

Based on the water level in the reference water tank 12 thus obtained, the measuring water tank 1 at each of the measuring points (1) to (N) is used.
The water level difference of 1 is obtained and numerically displayed on the color display 48 or graphically displayed. The color display 48 and the keyboard 49 interactively set parameters. The obtained measurement data is printed by the printer 50 and further stored in the hard disk 51.

In this embodiment, in a normal state, the height difference measurement is repeatedly performed at one representative measurement point where the ground is most likely to sink or rise during construction. And when the obtained measured value exceeds a certain set value and becomes an abnormal value,
Alternatively, when a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the height difference measurement at the representative measurement point, the measurement is switched to the height difference measurement at all the measurement points, and the detailed height difference measurement is performed. In this way, both the reduction of the measurement time in the normal state and the early detection of an abnormal value are compatible.

At this time, when measuring the height difference at the representative measurement point, the electromagnetic valve 20 of the second water supply pipe 30 is used.
Is opened to a predetermined opening and the water in the supply tank 19 is
The water is supplied to the reference water tank 11 little by little by a drip method at all times.

The water level measurement processing by the height difference measuring apparatus having the above-described configuration is executed as follows under the control of the personal computer 45 in accordance with the flow chart of the water level measurement processing operation shown in FIGS. Under the control of the personal computer 45, the electromagnetic valves 16 _{1 to} 16 _N , 15,
20, 39, 56 are closed and the water level measurement processing operation starts.

In step S1, the number i of the measuring point tank 11 set in the storage section (not shown) in the personal computer 45 is set.
The initial value “0” is set to (i = 1 to N). In step S2, the number "n" of the representative measurement point is added to the content of the number i.
Is set. In step S3, the electromagnetic valve 39 is opened via the relay output board 46, and the electric pump 18 is driven. Thus, the water in the parent pipe 13 is pushed back to the water supply tank 17. 3-5cm in diameter
The amount of water that fills the parent pipe 13 that is φ and has a length of 20 to 80 m is not small. Therefore, in this embodiment, by returning the water in the parent pipe 13 to the water supply tank 17, the amount of water in the water supply tank 17 is ensured, and the water temperature in the parent pipe 13 and the reference water tank 12 and the water supply tank 17 are maintained. And so on.

In step S4, after a lapse of time sufficient to completely push back the water in the main pipe 13, the electromagnetic valve 39 is closed and the electric pump 18 is stopped via the relay output board 46. Rutotomoni, i-th measurement point aquarium 11 _i solenoid valves 58 _i of is opened, water in the stations aquarium 11 _i is withdrawn. In step S5, after a sufficient time has elapsed in the water in the stations aquarium 11 _i is completely pulled out, the electromagnetic valve 58 _i via the relay output board 46 is closed, the electromagnetic valve 15,56 is open And the electric pump 18 is driven. Thus, water is supplied from the water supply tank 17 into the reference water tank 12. Here, the water supply to each of the measuring point water tanks 11 is performed directly from the water supply tank 17 via the first water supply pipe 55 and the parent pipe 13. Therefore, once the water in the reference tank 12 is filled, it hardly changes. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is sufficient to supply the shortage once the water is supplied to the reference water tank 12 once.

In step S6, the water level in the reference water tank 12 is measured based on the electric signal from the laser distance meter 28, and it is determined whether or not the measurement result has reached the reference water level. As a result, if the reference water level has been reached, the process proceeds to step S7. Here, the reference water level in the reference water tank 12 is slightly higher level that from the position of the overflow hole 32 in the stations aquarium 11 _i to be measured.

At step S7, the relay output board 4
At the same time as the electromagnetic valve 15 is closed via 6, the electromagnetic valve _16i is opened. Thus, the water tank 17
At the same time the water supply to the reference water tank 12 is stopped from the water supply to the stations water tank 11 _i starts. In step S8,
Whether the water is feed water to the stations water tank 11 _i overflows is determined. As a result, if overflow has occurred, the process proceeds to step S9. Here, it is desirable that the above-mentioned overflow is determined based on whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of water supply.

In step S9, the relay output board 4
6, the electric pump 18 is stopped, and the electromagnetic valve 56 is closed. Thus, the i-th station water tank 1
Water supply to 1 _i is stopped. In step S10. The electromagnetic valve 20 is opened at a predetermined opening via the relay output board 46, and the drip water supply to the reference water tank 12 is started. Thus, by supplying a constant amount of water, even or evaporation or leakage of water through the vertical movement of the stations aquarium 11 _i itself, a state where water is always filled up to the overflow hole of the stations aquarium 11 _i It becomes. In step S11, it is opened electromagnetic valve 15 of the parent pipe 13 via the relay output board 46, stations water tub 11 _i and the reference water tank 12
Is communicated. At that time, water to slightly higher level than the height of the overflow hole 32 of the above criteria aquarium 12 the stations aquarium 11 _i are supplied from the water supply tank 17,
Water that only overflows is supplied from the water supply tank 17 to the measuring point water tank 11 _i . Therefore, excess water when the electromagnetic valve 15 is closed is pushed from the overflow hole 32, so the and the same level at the same temperature as the water in the water and the reference water tank 12 in the stations aquarium 11 _i is there. In this way, it is possible to prevent a temperature difference between the water in the reference water tank 12 and the water in each of the measuring point water tanks 11 due to the influence of the outside air temperature, a specific gravity difference, and a measurement error. In step S12, the timer of the personal computer 45 starts measuring the elapsed time from the start of the measurement at the representative measurement point.

In step S13, the water level W in the reference water tank 12 is measured based on the electric signal from the laser distance meter 28. In step S14, the measured value W measured in step S13 is recorded in the storage unit. In step S15, it is determined whether the measured value W is an abnormal value equal to or greater than the reference value registered in the storage unit. As a result, if it is an abnormal value, the process proceeds to step S18, and if it is not an abnormal value, the process proceeds to step S16. In step S16, it is determined whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed since the time measurement was started in step S12. As a result, if it has passed, the process proceeds to step S17, and if not, the process returns to step S13 to shift to the next cycle in the measurement at the representative measurement point (n). Thereafter, until the measured value W is determined to be an abnormal value in the step S15, or until it is determined in the step S16 that the predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the measurement at the representative measurement point (n), n The water level of the 11th measuring point tank 11 _n is continuously measured.

In step S17, since a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the measurement at the representative measurement point (n), the timer is used to start the height difference measurement at all the measurement points (1) to (N). Is cleared. In step S18, the electromagnetic valve 20 is closed via the relay output board 46, and the drip water supply is stopped. In step S19, the above number i
Is set to "1". In step S20, the water level W in the stations water tank 11 _i are measured. Step S21
In, whether the stations aquarium 11 _i of the water level W is an abnormal value or not. If the result is an abnormal value, step S26
Otherwise, to step S22. In step S22, the content of the number i is incremented. In step S23, it is determined whether or not the content of the number i has reached the maximum value "N". As a result, if it has reached "N", the flow proceeds to step S24, and if not, the flow returns to step S20 to shift to the next measurement of the water level in the measuring point tank 11.

In step S24, all the measurement points (1) to (N)
It is determined that the result of the measurement is not abnormal, and the electromagnetic valves 16 of all the measuring tanks 11 and the electromagnetic valves 1 of the parent pipe 13 are determined.
5 is closed, and the water level measurement for all the measuring point water tanks 11 is completed. In step S25, it is determined whether or not to continue the water level measurement processing operation. As a result, if the process is to be continued, the process returns to step S1 and shifts to measurement at the representative measurement point. On the other hand, if not, the water level measurement processing operation ends.

In step S26, all the measurement points (1) to (N)
Is determined to be abnormal, and a display prompting an investigation of the cause of settlement or the cause of rise is displayed on the color display 48. In step S27, it is determined whether or not to continue the water level measurement processing operation. As a result, when continuing, the process returns to step S26, and returns to all the measurement points (1) to (N).
The measurement at is continued. On the other hand, if not, the water level measurement processing operation ends.

As described above, in the present embodiment, in normal times, a plurality of measurement points (1) to (N) are set on the sleepers 38 at the representative measurement points (n) of the plurality of measurement points (1) to (N) set on the railway track in the construction section. The water level in the reference water tank 11 _n is determined from the reciprocating time of the laser light emitted from the laser rangefinder 28 above the reference water tank 12 and reflected by the central portion of the reflector 24 of the floating member 26. Measure by measuring.
Then, when the measurement result is abnormal, or when a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the water level measurement at the representative measurement point (n), the process shifts to the measurement at all the measurement points. Then, the measuring point tanks 11 _{1 to} 11 _{N at} all the measuring points (1) to (N)
Is measured on the reference water tank 12 side. Therefore, the height difference between the measurement positions can be measured in a short time in normal times, and both the reduction of the measurement time in normal times and the early detection of abnormal values can be achieved.

At this time, the supply of water to the measuring point tank 11 _n at the representative measuring point (n) at the time of measuring the water level at the representative measuring point is performed directly from the water supply tank 17 through the parent pipe 13. Will be Therefore, the reference water tank 12
The water inside hardly converts. For this purpose, in the present embodiment, the reference water tank 12 is constantly replenished with water from the replenishment tank 19 by drip replenishment to compensate for a slight shortage due to leakage or the like. On the other hand, when the water level is measured at all the measurement points, when water is dropped into the liquid reservoir 29, the reference water tank 1
The water level in 2 fluctuates and affects the accurate water level measurement of the reference tank 12. Therefore, the water supply is performed from the water supply tank 17 via the first water supply pipe 55 and the parent pipe 13 every time the water level is measured, without performing the above-described drip supply. Therefore, the measurement time in normal times can be further reduced.

In the above embodiment, the water level (the height from the reference point (for example, the bottom surface) to the water surface) of the reference water tank 12 is measured by the floating member 26 and the laser meter 28. It is not limited to this. For example, a water pressure gauge can be attached to the bottom surface of the reference water tank 12 to measure the water pressure and obtain the water level. Further, the above embodiment has been described by taking as an example the measurement of settlement or rise of a railway line when constructing an underpass below the railway line. However, the present invention is not limited to this, as long as the height difference of each point scattered in the horizontal direction is measured,
Applicable in any case.

[0047]

As is apparent from the above description, the elevation difference measuring apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention supplies the liquid in the liquid storage tank to the reference liquid layer through the first liquid supply pipe and the communication pipe. By closing the valve of the first liquid supply pipe and adjusting the supply amount of the liquid in the supply tank by adjusting means provided in the second liquid supply pipe and dropping and supplying the liquid to the reference water tank, A liquid column having the same height as the liquid surface of the measurement liquid tank is formed in the reference liquid tank by connecting the measurement liquid tank and the reference liquid tank to which the liquid has been supplied,
When measuring the height from the reference position of the liquid surface in the reference liquid tank with a measuring instrument to measure the height difference of each measurement position,
The liquid in the reference liquid tank, which slightly decreases due to leakage or the like, is automatically replenished. Therefore, according to the present invention,
The liquid level of the measurement liquid tank and the reference liquid tank can always be automatically kept at the same level without successively replenishing the liquid to the reference liquid tank, and the height difference between the measurement positions can be quickly and stably maintained. Can be measured.

In the height difference measuring apparatus according to the present invention, the end of the communication pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank by a return pipe provided with a valve, and a pump is connected to the first liquid supply pipe. Because of the interposition, the liquid in the communication pipe can be returned to the storage tank via the return pipe by driving the pump before the liquid in the measurement liquid tank is replaced. Therefore, according to the present invention, when measuring the height of the liquid surface of the measurement liquid tank, only the liquid in the measurement liquid tank to be measured need be replaced, and each liquid can be quickly changed with the minimum necessary liquid. The height difference of the measurement position can be measured.

According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for measuring a height difference according to the first or second aspect of the invention, wherein the reference liquid tank in the height difference measuring apparatus according to the first or second aspect is always provided in the replenishment tank.
The height of the liquid in the specific measuring liquid tank is measured on the reference liquid tank side while dropping and replenishing the liquid, and when the measurement result shows an abnormal value, the liquid in all the measuring liquid tanks is stored in the above-mentioned manner. The liquid in the liquid tank is sequentially replaced, and the liquid level of the measurement liquid tank in which the liquid has been replaced is sequentially measured on the reference liquid tank side, so that only the liquid in the specific measurement liquid tank is replaced in normal times. The height difference of the measurement position can be measured in a short time. In addition, if any sign of abnormality is found as a result of the measurement of the specific measurement liquid tank,
The measurement immediately proceeds to the measurement for all the measurement liquid tanks, and it is possible to accurately check whether there is an abnormality in the height difference at each measurement position.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for measuring a height difference according to the first or second aspect of the present invention , wherein the liquid in the replenishing tank is always filled in the reference liquid tank in the height difference measuring apparatus according to the first or second aspect of the invention.
While dropping and replenishing, the height of the liquid in the specific measurement liquid tank is measured on the reference liquid tank side, and every time a predetermined time has elapsed, the liquid in all the measurement liquid tanks is replaced with the liquid in the storage tank. The liquid level is sequentially measured, and the liquid level of the measuring liquid tank in which the liquid is replaced is sequentially measured on the reference liquid tank side. While measuring the difference, the height difference at each measurement position can be accurately checked at regular intervals.

[0051]

In the height difference measuring method according to the fifth aspect of the invention, the liquid supply to the reference liquid tank is constantly stopped when sequentially measuring the liquid level in all the measuring liquid tanks.
When measuring the height of the liquid level according to the entire measurement liquid tank, it is possible to eliminate the influence of the fluctuation of the liquid level in the reference liquid layer,
The height difference at each measurement position can be measured more accurately.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an operation system in a height difference measuring apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of a reference water tank in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a measuring point tank in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a view showing a state in which the measuring point water tank shown in FIG. 3 is attached to a sleeper.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a control system for controlling the operation system shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a water level measurement processing operation executed under the control of the microcomputer in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the water level measurement processing operation following FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the water level measurement processing operation following FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a measurement principle in a conventional water-filled subsidence meter.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a conventional height difference measuring device that measures a water level on a reference water tank side.

[Explanation of symbols]

11: Measurement water tank, 12: Reference water tank,
13 ... parent pipe, 14 ... child pipe,
15, 16, 20, 39, 56, 58 ... Electromagnetic valve, 17 ...
Water tank, 18 ... Electric pump, 19
... supply tank, 26 ... floating member, 28
... Laser distance meter, 29 ... Liquid reservoir, 30 ... Second water supply pipe, 32 ... Overflow hole,
38 ... sleepers, 43 ... rails, 4
5 ... PC, 48 ... Color display, 55 ... First water supply pipe, 57 ... Flow meter, 59 ... Drain.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-6-307894 (JP, A) JP-A-64-35208 (JP, A) JP-A-54-57047 (JP, U) JP-A-63 54012 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01C 5/04

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of measurement liquid tanks having a supply port at a lower side and an overflow port at which a liquid overflows at an upper side, and one end is connected to a supply port of each measurement liquid tank. A plurality of supply pipes provided with valves, and a drain port connected to the other end of each of the supply pipes by a single communication pipe provided with a valve. A reference liquid tank forming a liquid column having the same height as the liquid level of the tank, and a connection between the valve in the communication pipe and a first branch point to the supply pipe to the liquid storage tank, and a valve interposed therebetween. The first liquid supply pipe provided is connected to the supply tank and the reference liquid tank, and the supply tank is
A second liquid supply pipe provided with an adjusting means for adjusting a replenishing amount to replenish the liquid in the reference liquid tank to the reference liquid tank, and measuring a height of the liquid surface of the reference liquid tank from a reference position. An elevation difference measuring device comprising a measuring instrument. 2. The height difference measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising a return pipe communicating a leading end of the communication pipe with the storage tank and having a valve interposed downstream of a final branch point. A height difference measuring device, wherein a pump is interposed in the first liquid supply pipe. 3. A height difference measuring method using the height difference measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a liquid in the replenishing tank is constantly dropped into the reference liquid tank to supplement the liquid. > While supplying, measure the height of the liquid in any one of the plurality of measurement liquid tanks on the reference liquid tank side, and the liquid level of the specific measurement liquid tank is abnormal. When the value is displayed, the liquid in all the measurement liquid tanks is sequentially replaced with the liquid in the storage tank via the first liquid supply pipe and the communication pipe, and the liquid in the measurement liquid tank in which the liquid has been replaced. A height difference measuring method, wherein the height of the surface is sequentially measured on the reference liquid tank side. 4. A height difference measuring method using the height difference measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a liquid in the replenishing tank is constantly dropped into the reference liquid tank to compensate. > While supplying the liquid, the height of the liquid in one of the plurality of measurement liquid tanks is measured on the reference liquid tank side, and every time a predetermined time has elapsed, all the measurement liquid tanks are measured. Is sequentially exchanged with the liquid in the storage tank via the first liquid supply pipe and the communication pipe, and the liquid level of the measurement liquid tank in which the liquid has been exchanged is sequentially measured on the reference liquid tank side. A height difference measuring method. 5. The height difference measuring method according to claim 3, wherein the liquid level is constantly replenished to the reference liquid tank when the liquid levels in all the measuring liquid tanks are sequentially measured. A height difference measuring method characterized by stopping.