JP3295400B2 - Eye test - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a visual acuity testing device, and more particularly to a device suitable for mass screening at schools and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a visual acuity test performed in a school or the like, there is a strong demand for a single character test in order to improve measurement accuracy. As a specific example, a visual acuity test device disclosed in JP-A-61-106127 is known. Proposed. This is a method in which a plurality of Landolt rings of different directions are printed on the outer periphery of a disk, the disk is driven by a motor, and only a specific Landolt ring is presented from a window.

Further, a device has been proposed in which each Landolt ring is arranged on the same plane, lamps are arranged on the back corresponding to the respective positions, and the lamps are turned on to specify a Landolt ring to be read by a subject. I have.

[0004]

In the single-character visual acuity test apparatus, it takes a long time to switch the motor, and furthermore, the Landolt rings of the same arrangement are rotated many times in the same order. It has been pointed out that the subject may remember the direction of.

[0005] The latter method using a plurality of lamps also has a drawback that the subject can remember it because the direction and position of Landolt are constant.

In schools and the like, it is necessary to examine a large number of students in a short period of time. However, in many cases, examiners are not ophthalmologists, and the variation in measurement results among examiners is also a problem.

[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide a visual acuity inspection apparatus with a simple configuration that can switch between targets instantaneously and does not cause variations in measurement results by the examiner in order to solve these problems. It is in.

[0008]

The present invention is characterized by having the following arrangement to achieve the above object.

(1) Visual acuity presenting Landolt's ring target
In the inspection device, three types of 0.3, 0.7, 1.0
For each visual acuity value, turn up, down, left, or right
It is possible to display four types of optotypes,
The target is input to a target display unit that can be presented to the subject alone.
For a certain visual acuity value based on the response result of the subject
Determining means for determining whether or not a correct answer of the criterion is obtained;
A program that changes the order in which optotypes are presented according to the subject's response
First, an optotype with a visual acuity value of 1.0 is presented.
If the first response is correct, determine if there is a visual acuity value of 1.0
The visual targets necessary to perform are presented sequentially, and there is a visual acuity value of 1.0
When it is determined that the eyesight value is 1.0, there is no visual acuity value.
When it is determined that the target has a visual acuity value of 0.7,
And the response to the first visual acuity value of 1.0 is incorrect.
Presents a target with a visual acuity value of 0.7, the first 0.7
If the response to the target is correct, the presence or absence of a visual acuity value of 0.7
The target required to judge is sequentially presented, and the visual acuity value of 0.7
Is determined to be present and the presence or absence of a visual acuity value of 1.0 is already determined
If so, end the examination and check if there is
When not set, the target of 1.0 is sequentially presented.
Visual targets required to determine the presence or absence of a visual acuity value of 0 are sequentially presented
The test is terminated after judging the presence or absence, and the first target of 0.7
If the response to is incorrect, a target with a visual acuity value of 0.3
When presenting a target with a visual acuity value of 0.3,
The visual targets necessary to determine the presence or absence of visual acuity values
After obtaining the presence or absence of a visual acuity value of 0.3, there is no visual acuity value of 0.3
In the case of, the examination is terminated and it is determined that there is a visual acuity value of 0.3.
And the presence or absence of a visual acuity value of 0.7 has already been determined
Has finished the test and it is still determined that there is a visual acuity value of 0.7.
If not, it is necessary to determine the presence or absence of a visual acuity value of 0.7.
The important targets are sequentially presented to determine the presence or absence of a visual acuity value of 0.7,
It is determined that there is a visual acuity value of 0.7, and a visual acuity value of 1.0
If the presence or absence has not been determined yet, a visual acuity value of 1.0
Presents a visual target necessary to determine the presence or absence of visual acuity value of 1.0
The test is terminated after determining the presence or absence of a visual acuity value of 1.0.
If the presence or absence has already been determined, end the inspection,
Program storage means for storing an inspection program;
Performed by the inspection program stored in the gram storage means
The test result is visual acuity of 1.0 or more, 0.7, 0.3, 0.3
Inspection result display means for displaying the results in four stages.

(2) In the visual acuity test apparatus of (1),
The inspection result display means is arranged in the direction of the cut of the Landolt ring.
Four light sources arranged on the outer periphery of the optotype display at the corresponding positions
It has an optical element, and the input of the subject
Indicates the direction of the cut that responded based on the response signal, and the inspection
When the test is completed, the test result is returned to the combination of four light emitting elements.
Characterized by displaying more

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the main body 1 of the visual acuity inspection apparatus. Reference numeral 2 denotes a liquid crystal display panel on which a Landolt ring for an inspection distance of 5 m is formed. Landolt rings are available in three different visual acuity values: a Landolt ring 3 having an eyesight value of 1.0, a Landolt ring 4 having a visual acuity of 0.7, and a Landolt ring 5 having a visual acuity of 0.3. Are formed as different liquid crystal elements, so that a Landolt ring in four directions can be displayed. A, B, C, and D at four corners of the liquid crystal display panel 2 are result display sections 6 for displaying measurement results described later in four stages. A represents visual acuity of 1.0 or more, B represents visual acuity of 0.7 (more precisely, less than 1.0 to 0.7 or more), C represents visual acuity of 0.3, and D represents visual acuity of less than 0.3.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a 7-segment display unit which expresses a number by seven elements. The 7-segment display unit 7 displays the same visual acuity level as the result display unit 6 at 0, 7, and 0, respectively.
Indicated by 3,-. Further, the upper, lower,
The LEDs 8 on the outer periphery in the four directions of left and right are also used for displaying the inspection result, similarly to the result display unit 6. The number of lights of the LED 8 corresponds to the four stages of A, B, C, and D described above. In addition, the four lamps 8 are configured to light up while the direction input switch, which will be described later, is pressed in accordance with the up, down, left, and right positions of the switch.
When the right switch is pressed, the right lamp is also turned on.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a light receiving section for receiving a signal from the remote control section. When the cable is connected between the remote control unit 9 and the eyesight inspection apparatus main body 1, the light receiving unit can be eliminated, but in this case, a long cable corresponding to the inspection distance of 5 m is required, and operation and storage are inferior to wireless.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a tripod seat corresponding to a general commercially available camera tripod for fixing the liquid crystal display panel 2 to the eye level of the subject. Reference numeral 11 denotes a chain for suspending the main body from a ceiling or the like. In schools and the like, there are many hard walls where it is difficult to attach a hook or the like to the wall surface, and therefore, tools for installing these are necessary. A fluorescent lamp tube (not shown) is arranged on the rear surface of the liquid crystal display panel 2 to illuminate the liquid crystal panel from the back.

As described above, the main body of the visual acuity inspection apparatus has a simple structure without any mechanical parts and the like, so that a general household power supply can be used as a drive power supply, and a battery can also be used. Therefore, it can be used even in a place where there is no power outlet, and is particularly useful in a group examination in which a measurement place cannot be specified.

FIG. 2 is an external view of the remote controller 12. Reference numeral 13 denotes a light emitting unit having an LED for transmitting a signal therein. Reference numeral 14 denotes a switch group for arbitrarily selecting the direction of the cut between the Landolt rings 3, 4, and 5 having a visual acuity of 0.3, 0.7, and 1.0. Reference numeral 15 denotes a start switch for automatic measurement. Reference numeral 16 denotes a group of direction input switches for inputting the direction of the Landolt's ring answered by the subject. Reference numeral 17 denotes a switch for advancing the examination program when the subject cannot answer, but automatically switches to the next target when the subject cannot be answered, for example, for 5 seconds after presenting the target. The switch 17 can also be omitted by utilizing this.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the visual acuity inspection apparatus main body 1 and the remote controller 12.

Switch group 1 of remote controller 12
The signals input by 4, 15, 16, and 17 are processed by the control circuit 18 and then modulated by the light emitting unit 13 into optical signals, which are sent to the light receiving unit 9 of the visual acuity test apparatus main body 1. The signal received by the light receiving unit 9 is converted into an electric signal, processed, and then input to the arithmetic and control circuit 19. The arithmetic control circuit 19 includes a switch group 14 of the remote controller 12,
In response to the signal of No. 15, the target is displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 2 via the liquid crystal drive circuit 20. The arithmetic control circuit 19 has a program for automatic measurement. The arithmetic control circuit 19 starts the program in response to a signal from the switch 15 and corrects the response of the subject input by the switch groups 16 and 17. Is determined, and the target is sequentially presented according to a procedure described later. As a result of determination of each response, if the number of correct answers equal to or more than a predetermined reference is obtained for a certain visual acuity value, it is determined that the visual acuity value is possessed.

The arithmetic control circuit 19 activates the buzzer 22 via the buzzer drive circuit 21 when the examination by the program is completed and the visual acuity of the subject is determined. When the examiner operates the remote control unit in this automatic measurement, it is only necessary to operate the switch in accordance with the response of the subject, but the buzzer 22 informs the user that the predetermined test is completed and the process may proceed to the next person's test. To inform.

In response to the signal from the result display changeover switch 23, the arithmetic and control circuit 19 selects a display position and displays the visual acuity of the subject. Reference numeral 24 denotes an LED drive circuit.

The operation of the apparatus having the above configuration will be described below. Operation is divided into manual measurement and automatic measurement.

(Manual Measurement) The subject is positioned 5 m in front of the main body of the visual acuity test apparatus 1 and instructed to shield the left eye, and the examiner presses one of the switches 14 in FIG. For example, it is assumed that the switch 141 on the visual acuity value 1.0 is pressed. The signal is transmitted to the control circuit 18 of FIG.
3. The signal is input to the arithmetic and control circuit 19 via the light receiving section 9 and passes through the liquid crystal drive circuit 20 to display a Landolt ring with an eyesight of 1.0 upward on the liquid crystal plate 2. Switch group 1
The same applies to the operation by the other switches of No. 4, whereby the visual acuity of 1.0, 0.7 and 0.3 can be inspected.

(Automatic measurement) When the start switch 15 is pressed, the visual acuity measurement starts according to the program of the arithmetic and control circuit 19. First, a Landolt ring having an eyesight value of 1.0 is displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 2. The direction of the break in the Landolt ring is programmed to change randomly at each start. FIGS. 4 and 5 are flowcharts showing a program for automatically classifying the eyesight of the subject's eye into the ranks A to D. The flowcharts of (α) and (β) in FIG. 4 are separately shown in FIG. .

In the figure, 90 indicates that the direction of the Landolt ring is 90 degrees, and 180 indicates that the direction of the Landolt ring is 18 degrees.
A degree of 0 degrees and ANO means that the direction of the Landolt ring is changed to another direction. Further, a to d are symbols for conveniently indicating the path of the inspection, and the case of passing through a of (α) in FIG. 5 is different from the case of passing through a of (a) in FIG. (When the first 1.0 test is answered correctly). In FIGS. 4 and 5, when two correct answers are obtained among the three optotypes having the same visual acuity value, the eye to be examined is determined to have the visual acuity value.

The determination of the visual acuity value when the tests (α) and (β) are reached will be described. That is, in the case where (α) is reached, since the determination of the visual acuity 1.0 has already been completed when passing the route a, the visual acuity is determined to be 0.7. When passing through the route b, the visual acuity 1.0 is determined only once, so that the visual acuity 1.0 is inspected, and the visual acuity is determined to be 0.7 or 1.0.

Similarly, in the case of (β), the visual acuity of 0.7 is not obtained when passing the route c because the visual acuity of 0.7 cannot be obtained, and the visual acuity is determined to be 0.3 and the vehicle passes the routes a and d. Time
Since there is a possibility that a visual acuity of 0.7 can be obtained, an inspection for the presence or absence of a visual acuity of 0.7 is performed. When passing the routes b and d, 0.
Since there is a possibility that a visual acuity of 7 and 1.0 can be obtained, the presence or absence of the visual acuity is checked sequentially.

As described above, when the visual acuity of the subject's eye is obtained, the visual acuity of 1.0 or more is A, 0.7 is B, 0.3 is C,
D is displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 2 as less than 0.3. Further, the arithmetic and control circuit 19 generates a sound of the buzzer 22 to notify the examiner (and the examinee) that the measurement is completed.
Inform

In the above display, the measurement result is visually recognized by the subject and other persons around the subject. From the viewpoint of protecting the privacy of the subject, the result display changeover switch 23 is operated on the back surface of the eyesight test apparatus main body 1 as necessary, and the result display is indicated by the number of lighting of the lamp 8. FIG. 6 shows this state, and the result can be shown such that four lights are A, three lights are B, two lights are C, and one light is D. Further, the display unit 7 on the liquid crystal display panel 2 is switched by a switch 23 so as to light up, and 3 (sight 0.3), 7
It is also possible to display (eyesight 0.7), 0 (eyesight 1.0), and the like.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show flowcharts different from the judgment criteria of the above embodiment. In this example, the visual acuity of the subject's eye is automatically classified into the ranks A to D, based on the fact that three correct answers out of four visual acuities are obtained.

<Second Embodiment> The second embodiment has almost the same configuration as that of the first embodiment except for the remote control unit 12 '. FIG. 9 shows the remote control unit 12'.

The main body of the visual acuity inspection apparatus and the remote control unit 12 'are connected by a cable 9', so that the light emitting unit 13 and the light receiving unit 9 in the first embodiment become unnecessary. 1
Reference numeral 4 'denotes a switch group for manual measurement. For example, when a switch 141' having a visual acuity value of 1.0 is pressed, a Landolt ring having a visual acuity value of 1.0 in a predetermined direction is displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 2. Is displayed. Furthermore, when 141 'is pressed,
It is programmed to display Landolt rings with a visual acuity value of 1.0 in different directions, so that a single switch can display Landolt rings in four directions. Reference numeral 7 'denotes a break direction display unit formed of a liquid crystal plate, and the visual acuity value of the Landolt ring displayed on the visual acuity test apparatus main body 1 and its direction are displayed in a graphic form. Therefore, the examiner can see whether or not the subject's answer is correct only by looking at the remote control unit 12 ', and can proceed with the examination.

In the first embodiment, the direction of the Landolt ring to which the subject responds is input in order to determine the correctness of the response of the subject. In the second embodiment, however, the examiner determines correctness and correctness. Correct / incorrect is input by the determination switch 16 '.

In the second embodiment, since the remote control unit has the display unit, the number of switches can be reduced as compared with the first embodiment, and the inspection result can be understood only by the examiner. The problems seen in the first embodiment can be reduced. Further, since the test result is displayed at hand of the examiner, it is not necessary to notify the examiner of the completion with a buzzer or the like.

In the second embodiment, the main bodies 1 'and 12' are connected by a cable.
It is also possible to arrange a light emitting unit and a light receiving unit for optical communication in both 1 'and 12', and to make the control unit wireless by bidirectional optical communication.

In the first and second embodiments, the automatic measurement switches 15 and 15 'are not always necessary, and can be shared by other switch groups 14 and 14'. Or
Many variations are possible, such as the measurement start automatically starting after a certain time.

[0037]

According to the present invention, the variance of the test results by the examiner is reduced, and the ranking of the visual acuity values can be performed in a short time.
It can be carried out. For this reason, group screening at schools etc. is efficient.
Can be done

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a visual acuity inspection apparatus main body.

FIG. 2 is an external view of a remote controller.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the present apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an optometry program.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a continuation of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a lighting state of a lamp.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a criterion different from that of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a continuation of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an external view of a remote controller according to a second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body of visual acuity test apparatus 2 Liquid crystal display panel 3, 4, 5 Landolt ring 6 Result display part 7 7-segment display part 8 LED 9 Light-receiving part 10 Tripod seat 11 Chain

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] A visual acuity test apparatus for presenting a Landolt ring target
, Three types of visual acuity of 0.3, 0.7, 1.0
For values, cut up, down, left, and right
It can display four types of optotypes, and each optotype is
A target display unit that can be presented to the examiner alone,
Criteria for certain visual acuity values based on the responses of the elderly
Determining means for determining whether a correct answer has been obtained;
Is a program that changes the order in which optotypes are presented in response to
Therefore, an optotype with a visual acuity value of 1.0 is presented first, and
If the answer is correct, determine if there is a visual acuity value of 1.0.
The necessary targets are presented sequentially, and it is determined that there is a visual acuity value of 1.0.
When the test is completed, the examination is terminated and it is judged that there is no visual acuity value of 1.0.
When set, a target with a visual acuity value of 0.7 is presented next.
If the first response to a visual acuity value of 1.0 is incorrect, 0.
Presents an optotype with a visual acuity value of 7, for the first 0.7 optotype
If the answer is correct, the presence or absence of a visual acuity value of 0.7 is determined.
Are presented sequentially, and if there is a visual acuity value of 0.7
Determined and the presence or absence of a visual acuity value of 1.0 has already been determined.
When the test ends, the examination is terminated and the presence or absence of
When not present, a visual target of 1.0 is presented sequentially and a visual acuity of 1.0
The presence / absence of the target required to determine the presence or absence of the value
The test is terminated after the
If the response is a wrong answer, a target with a visual acuity value of 0.3 is presented,
When presenting a target with a visual acuity value of 0.3, a visual acuity value of 0.3
The target required to determine the presence or absence of
After obtaining the presence or absence of a visual acuity value, if there is no visual acuity value of 0.3
End the examination, it is determined that there is a visual acuity value of 0.3, and
Test if the presence or absence of a visual acuity value of 0.7 has already been determined
And the presence or absence of a visual acuity value of 0.7 has not yet been determined.
The visual acuity required to determine the presence or absence of a visual acuity value of 0.7
The target is sequentially presented and the presence or absence of a visual acuity value of 0.7 is determined.
Is determined to be present, and the presence or absence of a visual acuity value of 1.0
If has not been determined yet, if there is a visual acuity value of 1.0
Presents the target necessary to determine the presence or absence of a visual acuity value of 1.0
The test is terminated after judging that there is no visual acuity value of 1.0.
If the judgment has already been made, end the inspection.
Program storage means for storing a program, and the program
Inspection results performed by the inspection program stored in the storage means
Fruits with visual acuity of 1.0 or more, less than 0.7, 0.3, 0.3
A test result display means for displaying the results in stages . 2. The visual acuity test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
The inspection result display means corresponds to the direction of the
Light emitting elements arranged on the outer periphery of the target
The child's response during the course of the examination
Indicates the direction of the cut that responded based on the signal, and the inspection is completed
When the inspection result is obtained, the inspection result is determined by the combination of the four light emitting elements.
A visual acuity test apparatus characterized by displaying .