JPH0866360A - Automatic vision analyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To shorten an inspection time and enhance inspection accuracy. CONSTITUTION: A control means 4 shows target marks on liquid crystal target display panels 3L and 3R one by one in sequence, according to a program, and optically projects the marks on the left and right eyes EL and ER of a testee S from a far position through aperture masks 2L and 2R, and lenses 1L and 1R. Then, the testee S makes judgement about the direction of the mark, and responds via a response means 7. When the mark is visible, a direction response means 5 is pressed, while an unknown response button 6 is pressed, when the mark is not visible. The control means 4, selects the mark to be displayed next, on the basis of the evaluation of whether the response of the means 5 is correct, or whether the response is available via the button 6, and displays the mark on the panels 3L and 3R. This process is repeated and the sight of a tested eye is thereby obtained. Also, the means 4 generates an sound or a speech from a speaker 8 on the basis of response from a response means 7, thereby pertinently transmitting an instruction or a warning message to the testee S.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic optometer for automatically presenting an optotype mark on an eye to be inspected to inspect the eye.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional automatic optometer is provided with direction response means for responding to the direction of the optotype mark and unknown response means for responding that the direction of the optotype mark cannot be confirmed. It has been known.

[0003]

However, the conventional automatic visual acuity meter does not distinguish between the case where the direction response means responds with an incorrect answer and the case where the unknown response means responds that the optotype mark cannot be visually recognized. The presentation order of optotype marks is not changed.

In an actual examination, even if the subject cannot see the direction of the optotype mark, he or she tries to obtain a good result.
The direction of the optotype mark may be input by guessing by the direction response means, and since many of these responses are incorrect, the examiner asks whether the optotype mark is visible to the examiner. It has to be checked many times, and as a result, the inspection time is extended, which is inconvenient.

The object of the present invention is to solve the above problems,
An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic optometer that can shorten the examination time and improve the examination accuracy.

[0006]

An automatic optometer according to a first aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, presents a subject with optotype marks in various directions and sizes in sequence according to a program, In an automatic optometer for obtaining a visual acuity value based on the response of a person, a direction response means for responding the direction of the optotype mark, an unknown response means for responding that the direction of the optotype mark is unknown, and the unknown response It is characterized in that it has control means that operates differently when a response is made by the means and when an incorrect answer is made by the direction response means.

Further, the automatic visual acuity meter according to the second aspect of the present invention automatically presents the subject with optotype marks of various directions and sizes in accordance with a program, and automatically obtains the visual acuity value based on the response of the subject. In the optometer, a direction response means that responds to the direction of the optotype mark, an unknown response means that responds that the direction of the optotype mark is unknown, and a warning sound when an incorrect answer is responded by the direction response means. Or a control means for controlling to emit a voice.

[0008]

In the automatic visual acuity meter according to the first aspect of the present invention having the above-described structure, the direction response means responds with an incorrect answer to the direction of the optotype mark, and the unknown response means responds that the optotype mark cannot be visually recognized. To distinguish and inspect.

Further, the automatic visual acuity meter according to the second invention transmits a warning to the subject by sound or voice when the direction of the optotype mark is incorrectly input by the direction response means.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the present embodiment, where a left eye EL and a right eye ER are used.
On the two parallel optical paths in front of the lenses 1L, 1R,
Aperture masks 2L and 2R for defining the visual field and liquid crystal optotype plates 3L and 3R for displaying optotype marks are sequentially arranged, and the liquid crystal optotype plates 3L and 3R serve as control means 4 for controlling the entire apparatus. Connected to the control means 4, a direction response means 5, a response means 7 provided with an unknown response button 6,
Speakers 8 are respectively connected.

FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of the control means 4, which includes a CPU 10, a ROM 11 for storing a program describing an inspection procedure, a RAM 12 to which data is written at any time during the inspection, and liquid crystal optotype plates 3L, 3R. L to drive
A CD driver 13, an I / O interface 14 for receiving and outputting an input signal from the response means 7, and a voice synthesis interface 15 for driving a speaker 8 are connected to each other via a signal bus circuit 16. Further, the voice synthesis interface 15 is connected to the output of the ROM 17 which stores various sound data such as a warning sound and voice data, and the output of the voice synthesis interface 15 is connected to the speaker 8 via the amplifier 18. Has been done.

On the liquid crystal optotype plates 3L and 3R, optotype marks of various directions and sizes such as Landolt's rings are prepared in advance like a visual acuity chart, and the CPU 10 of the control means 4 is a ROM.
The LCD driver 13 is controlled according to the program stored in 11 to sequentially display the optotype marks M one by one on the liquid crystal optotype plates 3L and 3R as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b). In this way, the optotype marks M displayed on the liquid crystal optotype plates 3L and 3R include the aperture masks 2L and 2R and the lens 1.
Left and right eyes E of the subject S optically from a distant point via L and 1R
Presented to L and ER. The eye E to be inspected may be selected by inserting a light shielding plate or the like in front of the lens 1L or 1R facing the other eye.

The subject S judges the direction of the optotype mark M,
The response means 7 responds. When the optotype mark M is visible, the direction response means 5 inputs the direction of the optotype mark M, and when the optotype mark M is not visible, the unknown response button 6 is pressed. The response from the direction response unit 5 or the unknown response button 6 is transmitted from the response unit 7 to the I / O of the control unit 4 as a response signal.
It is output to the interface 14 and taken into the CPU 10.

The CPU 10 evaluates this response, selects the optotype mark M to be presented next, controls the LCD driver 13, and displays the new optotype mark M on the liquid crystal optotype plates 3L and 3R. The evaluation result for the response is stored in the RAM 12. The subject S, regarding the updated optotype mark M,
The response means 7 responds again. These are repeated,
The CPU 10 obtains the visual acuity value of the eye E based on the data stored in the RAM 12.

During the examination, the CPU 10 controls the voice synthesizing interface 15 to emit an electronic sound or a synthetic voice from the speaker 8 to appropriately transmit an instruction or the like to the subject S.
In the voice synthesis interface 15, desired data is extracted from the sound data and voice data stored in the ROM 17 under the control of the CPU 10, converted into a signal, amplified by the amplifier 18, and output. The speaker 8 is driven according to this signal, and an electronic sound or a synthetic voice is emitted. For example, an explanation of the operation of the response means 7, an instruction to prompt a response when the optotype mark M is updated, a CPU 1
A high-pitched electronic sound, such as “beep”, is emitted indicating that 0 has received the response signal from the response means 7.

4 and 5 show a method of presenting the optotype mark M at the time of measurement, FIG. 4 shows two measurement examples A and B for an eye E having a relatively good visual acuity value, and FIG. Two measurement examples C and D for the eye E having a poor value are shown. In FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the numerical values in the leftmost column of the table represent visual acuity values, and the numbers “1”, “2”, and “3” in the second row distinguish the direction of the presented optotype mark M. Is a code for doing so, and three optotype marks M having different directions are prepared for one visual acuity value.

Furthermore, the three letters "O", "E",
“W” represents the evaluation of the response of the subject S by the CPU 10, and “O” indicates that the subject S inputs the direction of the optotype mark M into the direction response means 5 and the direction is a correct answer. On the other hand, “E” indicates that the direction is an incorrect answer, and “W” indicates that the subject S cannot press the optotype mark M and thus presses the unknown response button 6. Is represented.
The positions of “O”, “E”, and “W” correspond to the optotype mark M presented to the subject S, and the arrows represent the presentation order.

In the first measurement, the subject S is presented with the optotype mark M having a visual acuity value of 0.7 and a direction "1". In the measurement examples A and B shown in FIG.
Is "O", that is, the correct target mark M by the direction response means 5.
Entering the direction. When a response of “O” is made to the optotype mark M having a visual acuity value of about 0.7, the CPU 10 of the control means 4 considers that the visual acuity value is relatively good, and determines the visual acuity value of the eye E to be examined. In order to specify quickly, in the second measurement, the eye mark E with the visual acuity value increased from 0.7 to 0.9 by two steps is presented to the eye E with the direction fixed at "1".

Since the subject S responded to the optotype mark M such that both measurement examples A and B were "O", the direction "1" in the third measurement was the same as in the second measurement. Then, the optotype mark M having a visual acuity value of 1.2 that is two steps higher is presented to the eye E. The subject S responds to the optotype mark M with "E" in the measurement example A, and responds with "W" in the measurement example B. Therefore, the CPU 10 determines that the visual acuity value of the eye E is 1.2.
It is judged that the value does not exceed the value, and the visual acuity value is 1.2 in the fourth measurement.
1 step down to 1.0 and update the direction to "2",
The optotype mark M is presented to the eye E.

At the time of the fourth measurement, in the measurement example A, the subject S replied "E" again, and erroneously answered the direction of the optotype mark M by the direction response means 5 twice in succession. It will be. During this time, the subject S has not pressed the unknown response button 6 at all, so that the optotype mark M having a visual acuity value of 0.9 in the second measurement is used.
On the other hand, it is impossible to determine whether the response evaluated as “O” is the one in which the optotype mark M is really visible and the correct answer is given or the response in which the optotype mark M is not visually recognized and is the correct answer by accident. Therefore, the second response is considered to have low reliability, and the visual acuity value of the optotype M is 1.
It was lowered from 0 to 0.9, the orientation was also changed from "2" to "3" and re-examined for a visual acuity value of 0.9. Since the subject responds with "E" to this optotype mark M,
It turns out that the second response was false.

On the other hand, in the measurement example B, the same target mark M as in the measurement example A is presented to the subject S during the first to fourth measurements, but "W" is shown in the third and fourth measurements. When the examinee S cannot visually recognize the optotype mark M, he / she presses the unknown response button 6 without making a false response by the direction response means 5, so that the CPU 10 performs the second " O "
It is determined that the response that is reliable is reliable, and the visual acuity value of the optotype mark M is 0.
Retain 1.0 instead of lowering to 9, change direction only to "3" and retest for a visual acuity value of 1.0. Since the subject S was able to respond with “O” in the fifth measurement, the visual acuity value of the eye E is set to 1.0.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, when "E" or "W" is input to the optotype mark M having a visual acuity value of 0.7 at the first measurement, the CPU 10 compares the visual acuity values of the eye E to be examined. Considered to be small. When “E” is replied as shown in measurement example C, the CPU 10 considers that the subject S is barely visually recognizing the optotype mark M, and the visual acuity value of the eye E to be inspected. Judges that it is near the visual acuity value corresponding to the response of "E", fixes the direction to "1", and decreases the visual acuity value of the visual target mark M step by step. When "W" is input as shown in measurement example D, the eye E
Since it is not possible to find the visual acuity value of, the CPU 10 decreases the visual acuity value of the optotype mark M by two steps until a response of “O” or “E” is input in order to find the visual acuity value quickly. ing.

In this embodiment, the "E" response and the "W" response are distinguished from each other as shown in the measurement examples A to D, and the order of presenting the optotype marks M is changed so that the examination time is minimized. There is.
Moreover, since the reliability of the response of the subject S is evaluated, the accuracy of the examination can be improved.

FIG. 6 shows a display method of the optotype mark M in another embodiment, and FIG. 7 shows the presentation order of the optotype mark M in the two measurement examples F and G. In this embodiment, a liquid crystal display plate 21 for image display is used instead of the liquid crystal optotype plate 1L or 1R. As shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C and FIG. 7, at the time of the first measurement, the minimum target mark M, that is, the visual acuity value 1.
The optotype mark M of No. 5 is displayed on the liquid crystal display plate 21. This display is changed according to the response of the subject S, and the visual acuity value is reduced by one step while the direction of the optotype mark M remains fixed until the subject S responds with “O”. To be made larger. The visual acuity value of the optotype mark M in the response of “O” corresponds to the visual acuity value of the eye E, and in the measurement examples F and G, the visual acuity value of the eye E is 1.0.

However, in the measurement example F, the subject S is 2
Since the response is “E” consecutively, the CPU 10 determines that the subject S makes a false response without visually recognizing the optotype mark M, and the speaker 8 outputs an electronic sound or a synthetic voice. The warning is transmitted. For example, a low-pitched buzzer sound such as “Boo” or a synthesized voice such as “Please press the unknown response button if you do not understand” is output from the speaker 8.
If the response that becomes "E" continues or if the response that becomes "E" is input more than the specified frequency, a lower buzzer sound or "If you do not understand, be sure to press the unknown response button. , Etc. is emitted from the speaker 8, and a stronger warning is transmitted to the subject S.

The volume of the speaker 8 can be increased by using a switch (not shown) or the like. This prevents the subject S from making a false response of "E" when the visual target mark M cannot be visually recognized, and the measurement accuracy is improved.

Further, when there is a "W" response as shown in measurement example G, the CPU 10 emits a high-pitched electronic sound from the speaker 8 to notify the subject S of the confirmation of the input. Note that if the unknown response button 6 is not pressed when the visual target mark M cannot be visually recognized and is on standby, the visual target marks M are sequentially increased at regular time intervals, but by pressing the unknown response button 6 The size of the mark mark M can be changed quickly.

In the above description, the optotype marks are presented one by one to the eye E to be inspected, but a plurality of optotype marks M are presented at the same time and the examiner designates the optotype marks M to be visually recognized and responded. Good. If the liquid crystal optotype plates 3L and 3R can be installed at a distance of about 4 to 5 m from the subject S, the lenses 1L and 1R are not necessary.

[0029]

As described above, since the automatic visual acuity meter according to the first aspect of the invention distinguishes between the incorrect response by the direction response means and the response by the unknown response means that the optotype mark cannot be visually recognized, The directional response means makes it possible to evaluate the reliability of the correct response and obtain the visual acuity value with the minimum number of responses.

Further, in the automatic visual acuity meter according to the second aspect of the present invention, when the direction response means responds with an incorrect answer, a warning is transmitted to the subject by sound or voice, so that the direction response means makes a false response. It is possible to stop doing,
More accurate measurement becomes possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a present embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a circuit block configuration diagram of a control unit.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a method of displaying optotype marks on a liquid crystal optotype plate.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a display order of optotype marks.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a display order of optotype marks.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a method of displaying optotype marks on a liquid crystal sign board according to another embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a display order of optotype marks.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1L, 1R lens 2L, 2R aperture mask 3L, 3R, 21 liquid crystal optotype plate 4 control means 5 direction response means 6 unknown response button 7 response means 8 speaker

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An automatic optometer for sequentially presenting optotype marks of various directions and sizes to a subject according to a program and determining a visual acuity value based on the response of the subject, in the direction of the optotype marks. The direction response means for responding, the unknown response means for responding that the direction of the optotype mark is unknown, the case where a response is made by the unknown response means, and the case where an incorrect answer is made by the direction response means An automatic visual acuity meter having different control means. 2. The control unit changes the presentation order of the optotype marks depending on whether the unknown response unit responds or the direction response unit responds with an incorrect answer. Automatic optometer. 3. The automatic visual acuity according to claim 1, wherein the control means emits different sounds or voices when the direction response means responds with an incorrect answer and when the unknown response means responds. Total. 4. An automatic optometer for presenting optotype marks of various directions and sizes to a subject in sequence according to a program and determining the visual acuity value based on the response of the subject. Direction response means for responding, unknown response means for responding that the direction of the optotype mark is unknown, and control means for controlling to emit a warning sound or voice when an incorrect answer is responded by the direction response means. An automatic visual acuity meter having: 5. The automatic visual acuity meter according to claim 4, wherein the warning sound or the sound is emitted when the direction response means continuously responds to incorrect answers. 6. The unknown response means makes no response,
The automatic visual acuity meter according to claim 4, wherein the warning sound or voice is emitted when an incorrect answer is responded by the direction response means. 7. The automatic visual acuity meter according to claim 4, wherein the type of the warning sound or the voice is changed according to the continuity or frequency of incorrect response input by the direction response means. 8. The automatic visual acuity meter according to claim 4, wherein the volume of the warning sound or voice is changed according to the continuity or frequency of incorrect response input by the direction response means.