JP3293712B2 - Electron beam joining method for turbine rotor shaft - Google Patents
Electron beam joining method for turbine rotor shaftInfo
- Publication number
- JP3293712B2 JP3293712B2 JP08039394A JP8039394A JP3293712B2 JP 3293712 B2 JP3293712 B2 JP 3293712B2 JP 08039394 A JP08039394 A JP 08039394A JP 8039394 A JP8039394 A JP 8039394A JP 3293712 B2 JP3293712 B2 JP 3293712B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electron beam
- rotor shaft
- joint
- welding
- tempering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、過給機のタービンロー
タ軸の電子ビーム接合方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for joining an electron beam to a turbine rotor shaft of a supercharger.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】過給機のタービンは、高温排ガスで回転
されるため、タービン翼車はインコネルなどの耐熱性、
耐酸化性に優れた材料で形成され、ロータ軸はＳＣＭな
どのクロム鋼で形成され、そのタービン翼車とロータ軸
とが溶接接合される。2. Description of the Related Art Since a turbine of a turbocharger is rotated by high-temperature exhaust gas, a turbine wheel has heat resistance such as Inconel.
The rotor shaft is formed of chrome steel such as SCM, and the turbine wheel and the rotor shaft are welded to each other.
【０００３】従来この溶接接合には、溶接部以外に熱的
影響を及ぼすことがないように摩擦溶接で接合すること
が行われている。[0003] Conventionally, this welding has been performed by friction welding so as not to have any thermal effect on portions other than the welded portion.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】この摩擦溶接は、接合
するタービン翼車とロータ軸とを加圧した状態で相対回
転させるため、タービン翼車とロータ軸とをそれぞれ強
固に支持する必要があり、連続的に溶接することが困難
である。In this friction welding, since the turbine wheel and the rotor shaft to be joined are relatively rotated in a pressurized state, it is necessary to firmly support the turbine wheel and the rotor shaft, respectively. It is difficult to continuously weld.
【０００５】また、最近金属同士を電子ビーム溶接（Ｅ
ＢＷ）することがなされており、この電子ビーム溶接で
タービン翼車とロータ軸とを接合に適用すると、連続的
に溶接することが可能となる。しかし、この電子ビーム
溶接でタービン翼車とロータ軸とを接合する場合、熱影
響部が焼き入れ状態となり硬化してしまう問題がある。
すなわち、タービン翼車とロータ軸のように両者間に熱
容量差が大きいと硬化が激しくなり、ロータ軸側の硬度
が高くなり、靭性が低下し、硬化部が原因となって疲労
強度の低下、使用中の再熱割れなどの不具合を引き起こ
す。この対策として、電子ビーム溶接後に熱処理炉に投
入して焼戻し処理することが必要となり、作業工数が多
くなってしまう。[0005] Recently, metal-to-metal welding has been performed by electron beam welding (E
BW), and when the turbine wheel and the rotor shaft are applied to the joining by the electron beam welding, the welding can be continuously performed. However, when the turbine wheel and the rotor shaft are joined by the electron beam welding, there is a problem that the heat affected zone is hardened and hardened.
That is, if the heat capacity difference between the two is large, such as the turbine wheel and the rotor shaft, the hardening becomes severe, the hardness on the rotor shaft side increases, the toughness decreases, the fatigue strength decreases due to the hardened portion, This causes problems such as reheat cracking during use. As a countermeasure, it is necessary to put into a heat treatment furnace and perform a tempering treatment after the electron beam welding, which increases the number of working steps.
【０００６】そこで、本発明の目的は、上記課題を解決
し、電子ビーム溶接するにおいて作業工数を大巾に低減
できるタービンロータ軸の電子ビーム接合方法及びその
装置を提供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a method and an apparatus for electron beam welding of a turbine rotor shaft, which can greatly reduce the number of working steps in electron beam welding.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に本発明は、耐熱金属で形成されたタービン翼車とロー
タ軸とを接続する方法において、タービン翼車とロータ
軸とを接合しながら回転させ、その接合部に電子ビーム
を照射して溶接した後、電子ビームを、接合部よりロー
タ軸側に所定の幅走査しながら照射して接合部近傍のロ
ータ軸を焼戻す接合方法である。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for connecting a turbine wheel made of a refractory metal to a rotor shaft while joining the turbine wheel and the rotor shaft. After rotating and welding the joint by irradiating an electron beam to the joint, the electron beam is irradiated while scanning a predetermined width from the joint to the rotor shaft side to temper the rotor shaft near the joint. .
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】上記構成によれば、接合部を電子ビーム溶接す
るにあたり、接合部に電子ビームを照射して溶接した
後、熱影響で硬くなった接合部の軸側近傍に電子ビーム
を走査して照射することで焼戻しすることが可能とな
り、これにより作業工数を大巾に削減し、しかも連続的
に溶接処理することが可能となる。According to the above structure, when welding the joint with the electron beam, the joint is irradiated with an electron beam and welded, and then the electron beam is scanned in the vicinity of the axis side of the joint which has become hardened by the influence of heat. Irradiation makes it possible to perform tempering, thereby greatly reducing the number of man-hours, and making it possible to perform continuous welding.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例を添付図面に基づい
て詳述する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
【００１０】先ず図１により本発明の電子ビーム接合方
法の概略を説明する。First, an outline of the electron beam bonding method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
【００１１】図１において、１は溶接作業を行うための
真空チャンバーで、その真空チャンバー１内にタービン
翼車２とロータ軸３とが嵌め合わされたワーク４として
収容される。このワーク４は、真空チャンバー１に収容
された状態で、ワーク回転手段５により回転自在に保持
される。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a vacuum chamber for performing a welding operation, and is housed in the vacuum chamber 1 as a work 4 in which a turbine wheel 2 and a rotor shaft 3 are fitted. The work 4 is rotatably held by the work rotating means 5 while being housed in the vacuum chamber 1.
【００１２】このワーク回転手段５は、真空チャンバー
１の下端の開口部を覆う昇降手段６の蓋体７上に設けら
れ、ワーク４の下端を回転自在に保持する下部チャック
８と、真空チャンバー１内の上部に設けられ、ワーク１
の上部を回転自在に保持する上部チャック９と、真空チ
ャンバー１の頂部に設けられ、上部チャック８を介して
ワーク４を回転するモータ１０から構成される。The work rotating means 5 is provided on a lid 7 of an elevating means 6 which covers an opening at the lower end of the vacuum chamber 1, and a lower chuck 8 for rotatably holding the lower end of the work 4; Work 1
An upper chuck 9 rotatably holds the upper part of the vacuum chamber 1, and a motor 10 provided on the top of the vacuum chamber 1 and rotating the work 4 via the upper chuck 8.
【００１３】ワーク４は、タービン翼車２がインコネル
などの耐熱材料で形成され、ロータ軸３がクロム鋼など
で形成される。両者の接続は、タービン翼車２の基部に
凹溝１１を形成し、ロータ軸３に凸部１２を形成して、
その凹溝１１に凸部１２を嵌合して接続し、接合時ワー
ク４は上記下部チャック８に保持する。In the work 4, the turbine wheel 2 is formed of a heat-resistant material such as Inconel, and the rotor shaft 3 is formed of chrome steel or the like. The connection between the two is formed by forming a concave groove 11 in the base of the turbine wheel 2 and forming a convex portion 12 in the rotor shaft 3.
The convex portion 12 is fitted and connected to the concave groove 11, and the work 4 is held by the lower chuck 8 at the time of joining.
【００１４】真空チャンバー１には、ワーク回転手段５
で保持されたワーク４の接合部１３の位置に合せて電子
ビームＥＢを照射する電子銃１４が設けられる。この電
子銃１４は、詳細は図示していないが、溶接時にビーム
電流を自在に調節できると共に内部に偏向磁石を有し、
接合部１３の位置から所定の幅で電子ビームＥＢを偏向
走査できるようになっている。またこの電子銃１４の出
射口には真空チャンバー１が大気開放される際に、電子
銃１４内の真空度を保持するためのシャッタ（図示せ
ず）が設けられている。真空チャンバー１には、排気管
１５が接続される。A work rotating means 5 is provided in the vacuum chamber 1.
An electron gun 14 for irradiating an electron beam EB is provided in accordance with the position of the joint 13 of the work 4 held by the above. Although not shown in detail, the electron gun 14 can freely adjust the beam current during welding and has a deflection magnet inside,
The electron beam EB can be deflected and scanned with a predetermined width from the position of the joining portion 13. Further, a shutter (not shown) for maintaining the degree of vacuum in the electron gun 14 when the vacuum chamber 1 is opened to the atmosphere is provided at the exit of the electron gun 14. An exhaust pipe 15 is connected to the vacuum chamber 1.
【００１５】次に図２〜図４により接合方法を説明す
る。Next, a joining method will be described with reference to FIGS.
【００１６】先ず、図１に示すようにワーク４が真空チ
ャンバー１内に保持され、真空チャンバー１内が真空に
された後、回転手段５でワーク４が回転される。First, as shown in FIG. 1, the work 4 is held in the vacuum chamber 1, and after the inside of the vacuum chamber 1 is evacuated, the work 4 is rotated by the rotating means 5.
【００１７】この状態で、電子銃１４から電子ビームＥ
Ｂが接合部１３に照射されて溶接が行われる。この場
合、図３に示すように接合部１３を溶接した後、その接
合部１３の位置からロータ軸３側に所定の幅ｘで電子ビ
ームＥＢを偏向走査して焼戻しを行う。In this state, the electron beam E
B is applied to the joint 13 to perform welding. In this case, after welding the joint 13 as shown in FIG. 3, tempering is performed by deflecting and scanning the electron beam EB with a predetermined width x from the position of the joint 13 to the rotor shaft 3 side.
【００１８】通常、接合部１３を電子ビーム溶接のまま
にするとその溶接部１６の硬度が高く、同時にその溶接
部１６近傍のロータ軸３側の熱影響部１７に焼きが入っ
て硬度が高くなってしまうが、電子ビームを走査して熱
影響部１７を電子ビーム照射することで、溶接作業と連
続して熱影響部１７の焼戻し作業を行うことができる。
この電子ビームの走査と電子ビーム電流値及びワークの
周速を適宜設定することで焼戻し温度を自在に調整でき
る。Normally, when the joint portion 13 is left as it is by electron beam welding, the hardness of the weld portion 16 is high, and at the same time, the heat-affected zone 17 on the rotor shaft 3 side near the weld portion 16 is hardened by hardness. However, by irradiating the heat-affected zone 17 with the electron beam by scanning the electron beam, the tempering operation of the heat-affected zone 17 can be performed continuously with the welding operation.
By appropriately setting the electron beam scanning, the electron beam current value, and the peripheral speed of the work, the tempering temperature can be freely adjusted.
【００１９】次に図２により電子ビームの照射時間とビ
ーム電流値の詳細を説明する。Next, details of the electron beam irradiation time and the beam current value will be described with reference to FIG.
【００２０】先ず、Ｓ1 時間（２．４秒）、４ｍＡの電
流の電子ビーム（電圧６０ｋＶ）を接合部１３に照射し
て仮溶接を行った後、Ｓ2 時間（２．４秒）、１３．５
ｍＡの電流の電子ビームを照射して本溶接を行って接合
部１３を溶接する。この際、ワーク４は、その接合部１
３の周速が１０００ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ程度になるように回転
する。First, the joint 13 is irradiated with an electron beam (voltage 60 kV) having a current of 4 mA for S1 time (2.4 seconds) and temporarily welded, and then S2 time (2.4 seconds) and 13. 5
The joint 13 is welded by irradiating an electron beam with a current of mA to perform main welding. At this time, the work 4 is
3 so that the peripheral speed becomes about 1000 mm / min.
【００２１】次に電子ビームの出射をＳ3 時間（４秒）
停止して冷却した後、電子ビームＥＢをｘの幅で走査
し、かつ周速を１．６倍程度速くし、Ｓ4 時間（１０
秒）、７ｍＡの電流の電子ビームを照射して１次焼戻し
を行う、この１次焼戻しを終えた後Ｓ5 時間（５秒）冷
却し、更にＳ6 時間（５秒）、２ｍＡの電流の電子ビー
ムを照射して２次焼戻しを行って接合作業を完了する。Next, the electron beam is emitted for S3 time (4 seconds).
After stopping and cooling, the electron beam EB is scanned with the width of x, the peripheral speed is increased by about 1.6 times, and the S4 time (10
S), irradiate an electron beam with a current of 7 mA to perform primary tempering. After the completion of the primary tempering, cool for S5 time (5 seconds), and further cool for S6 time (5 seconds) and an electron beam of 2 mA current. To perform secondary tempering to complete the joining operation.
【００２２】この焼戻しは、１回でも良いが、２回行う
ことで、例えば１回目はワーク４の熱影響部１７の軸に
近い方の焼戻しを２回目は表面部の焼戻しを主に行うこ
とが可能となり、径方向の焼戻しが良好になる。This tempering may be performed once but may be performed twice. For example, the first tempering is performed near the axis of the heat-affected zone 17 of the workpiece 4 and the second tempering is mainly performed on the surface portion. And tempering in the radial direction is improved.
【００２３】図４は接合部の硬度変化を示したもので、
図においてＡは溶接部１６とロータ軸３の境界位置を示
し、Ｂはその境界Ａからロータ軸３側に離れた方向を示
す。FIG. 4 shows a change in hardness at the joint.
In the figure, A indicates a boundary position between the welded portion 16 and the rotor shaft 3, and B indicates a direction away from the boundary A toward the rotor shaft 3.
【００２４】図４において、溶接直後は、実線ａで示す
ように溶接部１６の位置Ａで、ビッカース硬度が６００
〜６５０Ｈｖと高く、Ｂ方向に行くに従って熱的影響を
受けない前の材料硬度まで低くなる分布となるが、焼戻
しを行うことで点線ｂで示すように、位置Ａで２００Ｈ
ｖ程度硬度を低下できると共にＢ方向に行くに従って材
料硬度と同じ硬度とすることが可能となる。In FIG. 4, immediately after welding, the Vickers hardness is 600 at the position A of the welded portion 16 as shown by the solid line a.
To 650 Hv, and the distribution decreases to the material hardness before being thermally affected as it goes in the direction B. However, by performing tempering, as shown by the dotted line b, 200H at the position A.
The hardness can be reduced by about v and the hardness can be made the same as the material hardness in the direction B.
【００２５】図５，図６は、電子ビーム溶接直後と焼戻
しをした後の接合部の金属組織を示す顕微鏡写真の模式
図である。FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic photomicrographs showing the metal structures of the joint immediately after electron beam welding and after tempering.
【００２６】図５に示すように電子ビーム溶接直後は、
溶接部の周囲の熱影響部は、軸側の生地と際立った境界
を示しているが、図６に示すように焼戻しを行うことに
よって熱影響部が軸側の生地との際立った境界がなくな
り金属の組織変化が滑らかになっていることが判る。As shown in FIG. 5, immediately after electron beam welding,
The heat-affected zone around the welded portion shows a prominent boundary with the material on the shaft side. However, by performing tempering as shown in FIG. 6, the heat-affected zone no longer has a prominent boundary with the material on the shaft side. It can be seen that the change in the structure of the metal is smooth.
【００２７】[0027]
【発明の効果】以上要するに本発明によれば、接合部を
電子ビーム溶接するにあたり、接合部に電子ビームを照
射して溶接した後、熱影響で硬くなった接合部の軸側近
傍に電子ビームを走査して照射することで焼戻しするこ
とが可能となり、これにより作業工数を大巾に削減し、
しかも連続的に溶接処理することが可能となる。In summary, according to the present invention, when welding a joint with an electron beam, the joint is irradiated with an electron beam and welded. It is possible to perform tempering by scanning and irradiating, which greatly reduces the number of work steps,
In addition, it is possible to perform a continuous welding process.
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す概略図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明において、接合処理時の電子ビーム電流
値を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an electron beam current value during a bonding process in the present invention.
【図３】本発明における接合状態の要部拡大図を示す図
である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part in a joined state according to the present invention.
【図４】本発明において接合処理の際の硬度分布を示す
図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a hardness distribution during a bonding process in the present invention.
【図５】本発明において、電子ビーム溶接直後の接合部
の金属組織を示す顕微鏡写真の模式図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a micrograph showing a metal structure of a joint immediately after electron beam welding in the present invention.
【図６】本発明において、電子ビーム溶接後、焼戻しし
た接合部の金属組織を示す顕微鏡写真の模式図である。FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a micrograph showing a metal structure of a tempered joint after electron beam welding in the present invention.
２ タービン翼車 ３ ロータ軸 １３ 接合部 ＥＢ 電子ビーム 2 Turbine impeller 3 Rotor shaft 13 Joint EB Electron beam
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ Ｃ２１Ｄ 1/38 Ｃ２１Ｄ 1/38 Ａ 9/28 9/28 Ａ Ｆ０１Ｄ 5/02 Ｆ０１Ｄ 5/02 (72)発明者 柳生 正人 東京都江東区豊洲三丁目１番15号 石川 島播磨重工業株式会社 東二テクニカル センター内 (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) F02B 39/00 B23K 15/00 C21D 1/26 C21D 1/38 C21D 9/28 F01D 5/02 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI C21D 1/38 C21D 1/38 A 9/28 9/28 A F01D 5/02 F01D 5/02 (72) Inventor Masato Yagyu Tokyo 3-1-1-15 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo Ishikawa Shima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. (58) Investigated field (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) F02B 39/00 B23K 15/00 C21D 1/26 C21D 1/38 C21D 9/28 F01D 5/02
Claims (1)
ータ軸とを接続する方法において、タービン翼車とロー
タ軸とを接合しながら回転させ、その接合部に電子ビー
ムを照射して溶接した後、電子ビームを、接合部よりロ
ータ軸側に所定の幅走査しながら照射して接合部近傍の
ロータ軸を焼戻すことを特徴とするタービンロータ軸の
電子ビーム接合方法。In a method of connecting a turbine wheel formed of a heat-resistant metal to a rotor shaft, the turbine wheel and the rotor shaft are rotated while being joined, and the joint is irradiated with an electron beam and welded. Thereafter, an electron beam is irradiated to the rotor shaft side from the joint while scanning the rotor shaft with a predetermined width, thereby tempering the rotor shaft near the joint.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP08039394A JP3293712B2 (en) | 1994-04-19 | 1994-04-19 | Electron beam joining method for turbine rotor shaft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP08039394A JP3293712B2 (en) | 1994-04-19 | 1994-04-19 | Electron beam joining method for turbine rotor shaft |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07286528A JPH07286528A (en) | 1995-10-31 |
| JP3293712B2 true JP3293712B2 (en) | 2002-06-17 |
Family
ID=13717052
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP08039394A Expired - Fee Related JP3293712B2 (en) | 1994-04-19 | 1994-04-19 | Electron beam joining method for turbine rotor shaft |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3293712B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011196256A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-10-06 | Ihi Corp | Rotor and supercharger |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005007404B3 (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-03-30 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Production of a welding joint of a shaft with a turbine wheel of an exhaust gas turbocharger comprises joining the shaft with the turbine wheel and surface treating the sealed region of the shaft in the same step |
| JP4495199B2 (en) * | 2007-09-11 | 2010-06-30 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Turbine rotor and rotor manufacturing method |
| JP5355972B2 (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2013-11-27 | テルモ株式会社 | Stent manufacturing method |
| JP2010272212A (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2010-12-02 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Spark plug |
| JP5337057B2 (en) * | 2010-01-05 | 2013-11-06 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Spark plug |
| JP5573295B2 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2014-08-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Manufacturing method of turbine rotor |
| JP2012061498A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2012-03-29 | Ihi Corp | Welding method and welded joint of steel material to ni-based superalloy |
| JP2012061499A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2012-03-29 | Ihi Corp | WELDING METHOD AND WELDED JOINT OF STEEL MATERIAL TO Ni-BASED SUPERALLOY |
| JP2012061496A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2012-03-29 | Ihi Corp | Dissimilar metal welding method and dissimilar metal joined body |
| JP5912659B2 (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2016-04-27 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Turbine rotor |
| JP6025962B2 (en) | 2013-02-22 | 2016-11-16 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Turbine rotor and turbocharger incorporating the turbine rotor |
| US9821410B2 (en) | 2014-09-16 | 2017-11-21 | Honeywell International Inc. | Turbocharger shaft and wheel assembly |
| US10041351B2 (en) | 2014-09-16 | 2018-08-07 | Honeywell International Inc. | Turbocharger shaft and wheel assembly |
| US9827631B2 (en) | 2014-09-16 | 2017-11-28 | Honeywell International Inc. | Turbocharger shaft and wheel assembly |
| US10024166B2 (en) | 2014-09-16 | 2018-07-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Turbocharger shaft and wheel assembly |
| JP6921932B2 (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2021-08-18 | 三菱重工工作機械株式会社 | Welding method |
| KR102593470B1 (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2023-10-24 | 진성정밀금속(주) | electron beam welding system and method of a turbine wheel and a rotor shaft |
-
1994
- 1994-04-19 JP JP08039394A patent/JP3293712B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011196256A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-10-06 | Ihi Corp | Rotor and supercharger |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07286528A (en) | 1995-10-31 |
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