JP3292984B2 - Press forming machine for ceramic products - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a press apparatus provided with a toggle link mechanism for forming a base for ceramic products.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional example, there is known a press apparatus 100 as shown in FIG.
No. 4). This type of press apparatus 100 is provided with a toggle link mechanism 136 which is a booster mechanism, an electric motor 142 and a crank mechanism 150 as driving means, and the rotational movement of the electric motor 142 is controlled. The rotation is transmitted to a so-called crank mechanism 150, and the rotational movement is converted to a linear movement. The linear movement is transmitted to the toggle link mechanism 136, and the ram 118 connected to the toggle link mechanism 136 is raised and lowered.

Therefore, the force of the linear movement of the toggle link mechanism 136 is boosted, so that a sufficient pressing force on the lower mold 128 is applied to the upper mold 12 attached to the ram 118.
It is planned to cover four.

A conventional press device 100 includes a ram 11
One guide cylinder 158 is implanted on the upper surface 8, while a pair of toggle arms 136 is coupled to the lifting arm 140.
A single guide shaft 152 is vertically provided below the
A configuration is adopted in which the guide shaft 152 is inserted into the 58 guide holes.

Thus, by operating the toggle link mechanism 136 with the electric motor 142 and the crank mechanism 150 as driving means, the ram 118 can be raised and lowered by the guide shaft 15.
Since the ram 118 is guided by the guide cylinder 158 via the second ram 2, the ram 118 is moved up and down in a stable state without delusion, so that the upper mold 124 attached to the ram 118 also moves up and down in a stable state without delusion. .

[0006] As a result, it is said that ceramic products such as tiles, which are to be molded, are formed normally, and that the ram 118 can be reciprocated at high speed.

In addition, a guide cylinder 158 provided on the ram 118 and a guide shaft 152 provided vertically on the lifting arm 140.
Are slidable with each other and the crank mechanism 150 is connected to the lift arm 140, so that the lift arm 1
Since the upper and lower surfaces of the arm 40 are supported and are always supported at both ends, the lifting arm 140 is not bent and deformed even if the reaction force from each toggle link mechanism 136 is different.

However, the lifting arm 1 of the guide shaft 152
On the 40 side, the lifting arm 140 is connected to the ram 1
Although the 18 side is fixed to the ram 118 respectively,
The ram 118 side of the guide shaft 152 and the lifting arm 140 side of the guide cylinder 158 are free.

For this reason, if the reaction force from the toggle link mechanism 136 is different, the force of the lifting arm 140 bending and deforming is regulated by the guide of the guide shaft 152 and the guide cylinder 158. The base (the lower end in the drawing) of the guide shaft 152 and the guide cylinder 1
At the base (upper end in the drawing) of 58, stress tends to concentrate particularly at the time of descent.

In a normal operation of the press molding machine 100 in which the ram 118 is continuously raised and lowered, these bases are repeatedly subjected to stress.

As a result, metal fatigue is caused to cause breakage of the guide shaft 152, the guide cylinder 158 and the guide shaft 152.
This could cause uneven wear of the sliding surface 156 or damage to the base of the guide cylinder 158.

In particular, when the ceramic product, which is a molded product, has a complicated shape such as a roof tile, the reaction force against the pressing force of the upper die is not uniform, so that each toggle link mechanism 136 is biased. A load is generated, and stress is further concentrated on the base of the guide shaft 152 and the guide tube 158, and the possibility that the guide shaft 152 and the guide tube 158 are damaged relatively quickly is high.

Further, since the electric motor 142 and the crank mechanism 150 are employed as driving means, the ram 118 is provided.
In the process from the bottom dead center B to the top dead center T, the ram 118 having the upper mold 124, which is a heavy object, and the toggle link mechanism 13
6 and as a result, the crank mechanism 1
The load on the crank lever-146 becomes large, and the crank lever-146 may be damaged due to metal fatigue, or the electric motor 142 may be overloaded to cause a failure.

[0014]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to suppress damage to a guide shaft and a guide cylinder which induce a raising and lowering action of a ram, which has been a problem in the prior art. To reduce damage to the crank mechanism due to metal fatigue and overload on the drive source.

[0015]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pressing apparatus for ceramic products, wherein a bed is provided on a molding machine main body, and a ram is provided so as to be able to move up and down via a column planted on the bed. The lower die is provided on the bed, and the upper die is provided on the ram. On the other hand, a driving means is provided on a support provided on the upper part of the molding machine main body, and a pair of toggle link mechanisms are provided by the support and the ram. The guide shaft is fixed to the ram in a press forming machine for a ceramic product in which a pair of toggle link mechanisms are connected by a lifting arm and the lifting arm is provided so as to be able to move up and down via driving means. And a sliding body slidably provided on a support of the molding machine body, a slidable sliding body is fitted on a guide shaft, and the sliding body is fixed to an elevating arm. It is.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pressing apparatus for a ceramic product according to the first aspect, wherein the driving means comprises an electric motor and a crank mechanism, and the ram is raised in an auxiliary manner. It is characterized in that a lift assisting means is provided.

[0017]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the pressing device for a ceramic product according to the first aspect of the present invention has the above-described structure, the ram moves up and down via the toggle link mechanism when the lifting arm is operated by the operation of the driving means. At this time, a pair of guide shafts provided between the support and the ram move up and down together with the ram, and the sliding body fitted on the guide shaft slides up and down as the ram moves up and down.

Therefore, even if an eccentric load is applied to the toggle link mechanism or the like when the ram descends, the operation of the toggle link mechanism is controlled by the sliding body and the guide shaft, and the lower end of the guide shaft is fixed to the ram, and the vicinity of the upper end thereof. Is supported by the support, so that the stress concentration on the guide shaft can be dispersed up and down, so that damage that is likely to occur due to an unbalanced load on the guide shaft and the sliding body can be suppressed.

Further, the press forming machine for ceramic products according to the second aspect of the present invention is provided with an ascending assisting means for assisting the ascending of the ram, so that the electric motor is driven in the stroke from the bottom dead center to the top dead center of the ram. Since the lifting assist means for raising the ram together with the motor and the crank mechanism acts on the ram, no overload is applied to the crank mechanism and the electric motor.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a front view of a press forming machine for ceramic products according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the press forming machine for ceramic products, FIG. 3 is a ram, a support, a lifting arm and a sliding body, etc. FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of a lifting arm and a sliding body, FIG. 5 and FIG.
Is an explanatory view of the operation, and FIG. 7 is a front view showing a conventional press molding machine.

Press forming machine 10 according to this embodiment
Is for molding clay tiles. The press forming machine 10 includes a bed 12, and columns 14 are planted at four corners of the bed 12, respectively.

The upper end of the support 14 is fixed to the support 16 and the lower end of the support 14 is fixed to the bed 12. A ram 18 is fitted on the support 14 so as to be able to move up and down.

An upper mold 24 for roof tile formation is mounted on the lower surface of the ram 18 via an upper mold mounting base 20.
A lower mold 28 is mounted on the upper side via a lower mold mounting base 26, and the upper mold 24 attached to the ram 18 descends toward the lower mold 28 to press-form the wasteland, which is a kind of ceramic products. It is designed so that a molded article of clay tile can be obtained.

A pair of toggle link mechanisms 36 comprising a first link 30, a second link 32, and a third link 34 are provided between the ram 18 and the support 16. The first link 30 of the toggle link mechanism 36 has an elliptical shape, and both ends are respectively supported by a rotating shaft 38a. One end of the first link 30 is turned on the upper surface of the ram 18 via the rotating shaft 38a. It is movably mounted on a shaft, and the other end is mounted on a rotation shaft 38b on the outer end of the second link 32 described below.

The second link 32 has a substantially triangular shape, and the vertexes of the second link 32 are near the turning shafts 38b, 38c, 38, respectively.
d, and is axially attached to the first link 30 via the outer rotating shaft 38b on the first link 30 side.

The support 16 side of the remaining vertices is rotatably mounted on the support 16 via a rotation shaft 38d.

A further inner point is a third point which will be described below.
The link 34 is axially mounted on the outer end via a rotation shaft 38c.

The third link 34 has an oval shape.
As in the case of the first link 30, the rotation shaft 38c is fitted at both ends thereof. One end on the outside of the third link 34 is connected to a point on the inside of the second link 32 and the rotation shaft 38.
c, 38e, and an inner end thereof is axially attached to an outer end of a lifting arm 40 described below via a rotating shaft 38e.

Therefore, a pair of right and left toggle link mechanisms 36 composed of the first link 30, the second link 32 and the third link 34 are connected to the lifting arm 40.

The lifting arm 40 has an oval shape.
The pair of third links 34 are horizontally mounted near the center of the toggle link mechanism 36, and the inner ends of a pair of third links 34 are pivotally mounted on both outer ends of the lifting arm 40 via a rotating shaft 38e.

Thus, each link 3 is moved up and down by the raising and lowering arm 40 which operates following the operation of the crank mechanism 50.
The toggle link mechanism 36 can move the ram 18 up and down from the top dead center T to the bottom dead center B during the stroke.

On the other hand, on the support 16, an electric motor 42 for raising and lowering the ram 18 is provided. A reducer 43 is provided beside the electric motor 42,
A belt 45 is suspended from the motor 42 and the speed reducer 43.
A crank lever 46 is attached to an output shaft 47 of the speed reducer 43, and one end of a rod 48 is journaled to an open end of the crank lever 46 to form a crank mechanism 50 (see FIGS. 1 and 4). In this embodiment, the electric motor 42 and the crank mechanism 50 constitute driving means.

The lower end of the rod 48 is connected to the lifting arm 4
0, and the rotational motion of the electric motor 42 is reduced by a speed reducer 43.
Through this, the crank mechanism 50 can be converted into a linear motion for raising and lowering the arm 40. The above configuration is equivalent to the conventional press molding machine 100 shown in FIG.
Although there are some differences, the basic configuration is common.

Next, the guide shaft 52 and the sliding body 54, which are the gist of the present invention, will be described. When viewed from the side of the press molding machine 10 (see FIG. 2), the lower ends of the guide shafts 52 are fixed near both ends of the upper surface of the ram 18, respectively.
Is slidably mounted on the support 16. Therefore, the lifting arm 40, the toggle link mechanism 36, and the crank mechanism 50 are located between the two guide shafts 52.

On the other hand, when viewed from the front of the press molding machine 10 (see FIG. 1), the lower end of the guide shaft 52 is located at the center of the upper surface of the ram 18.

In this embodiment, by disposing two guide shafts 52, the toggle link mechanism 36 and the ram 18 are provided.
Although it is intended to more surely suppress the unbalanced load on, the number is not necessarily limited (see FIGS. 1 to 4). For example, in the embodiment, the two guide shafts 52 provided on both sides may be one, and the cylindrical portion 58 of the sliding body 54 may be one (see FIG. 3).

Next, the sliding member 54 will be described. The sliding member 54 is composed of a pair of cylindrical portions 58 having sliding holes 56 and a horizontal arm portion 60 connecting the cylindrical portions 58 on both sides. Each of the cylindrical portions 58 is slidably fitted on the guide shaft 52 described above, and the horizontal arm portion 60 is moved up and down.
The arm 40 is fixed to the lower surface of the arm 40 so as to be orthogonal to the arm 40 (see FIG. 4).

Therefore, the sliding member 54 fixed to the lifting arm 40 is moved by the crank mechanism 5 via the lifting arm 40.
As a result of the operation following the operation of 0, it is guided by the guide shaft 52 and slides up and down.

On the other hand, the guide shaft 52 fixed to the ram 18
Is guided by the raising and lowering of the ram 18 by the operation of the crank mechanism 50, and the upper part is raised and lowered in the vertical direction while being supported by the support 16.

Next, a description will be given of the ascending assisting means 62 for assisting the ascent of the ram 18 in the ascent stroke from the bottom dead center B to the top dead center T of the ram 18. Ascent assisting means 62
During the stroke of the ram 18 from the bottom dead center B to the top dead center T, the ram 1 prevents the crank mechanism 50 and the electric motor 42 from being overloaded by the weight of the ram 18 and the upper mold 24.
8 is a means for ascendingly raising 8.

In this embodiment, an air cylinder 64 is employed as a specific example of the lifting assisting means 62, and the air cylinder 64 is provided on both sides of the support 16 when viewed from the side of the press forming machine 10. From the side to the ram 18, and the end of the cylinder rod 66 of the air cylinder 64 is attached to the side surface of the ram 18 (FIG. 1).
Or FIG. 3).

Therefore, when the ram 18 reaches the bottom dead center B, the cylinder rod 66 of the air cylinder 64 extends to the maximum, and when the ram 18 moves from the bottom dead center B to the top dead center T, the air cylinder 64 In operation, the cylinder rod 66 contracts to assist in raising the ram 18.

In the process from the top dead center T to the bottom dead center B of the ram 18, the weight of the ram 18 itself can be applied as a pressing force, so that it is not necessary to particularly activate the air cylinder 64.

In this embodiment, the lift assisting means 62 is an air cylinder 64, but as another example, the electric motor 4
In addition to the above, the auxiliary electric motor may be connected to the crank mechanism 50 so that the ram 18 is operated only during the stroke from the top dead center T to the bottom dead center B, or the ram 18 is raised as an auxiliary. It is not limited as long as it is a means for causing it to be.

The press molding machine 10 thus configured is
When the operation is stopped, the ram 18 is located at the top dead center T, and the crank lever 46 and the lift arm 40 of the crank mechanism 50 are moved.
Is also at the top. The links 30, 32, and 34 of the toggle link mechanism 36 are in a contracted state toward the inside of the press molding machine 10, and the cylinder rod 66 of the air cylinder 64, which is the lifting assisting means 62, is in a free state.

When the electric motor 42 is driven and operated in this state, the rotational movement of the electric motor 42 is converted into a linear movement through the crank mechanism 50, and the lifting arm 40 is connected to the rod 48 of the crank mechanism 50. Descends under the control of the descent action. Each link 30, 32, 3 of the toggle link mechanism 36 is moved with the lowering of the lifting arm 40 connected to the rod 48.
4 is turned toward the outside of the press forming machine 10 and the ram 1 is rotated.
8 falls.

Then, the upper mold 24 provided on the ram 18 descends together with the ram 18 and presses the rough land (not shown) placed on the lower mold 28 so that the ram 18 reaches the bottom dead center B. The ram 18 returns to its original position toward the top dead center T by receiving the lifting force of the electric motor 42 and the lifting force of the air cylinder 64 as the lifting assisting means 62.

When the ram 18 reaches the top dead center T, the operation of the air cylinder 64 stops, and the cylinder rod 66 of the air cylinder 64 becomes free. Then, the ram 18 descends again from the top dead center T to the bottom dead center B, and the molding is performed by repeating the above-described process.

In the molding of an accessory tile having a complicated shape,
When an uneven reaction force to the pressing force of the upper mold 24 occurs,
The guide shaft 52 is added to the guide shaft 52 through a slide hole 56 of the slide body 54. The point that the slide body 54 has a certain sliding surface, the point that both ends of the guide shaft 52 are supported, and the guide shaft 52 In contrast, the concentration of the local stress on the guide shaft 52 is suppressed because it is slidably provided.

Accordingly, the toggle link mechanism 36 can operate stably over a long period of time without damaging the guide shaft 52 and the sliding body 54, and
2 and the sliding body 54 are not damaged, and the stable operation of the toggle link mechanism 36 is not hindered.

In this embodiment, the driving means is the electric motor 42 and the crank mechanism 50. However, the above object can be achieved by employing another driving means such as a hydraulic cylinder.

Further, the drive means is the electric motor 42 and the crank mechanism 50, and the elevation assist means 62 is provided, so that the electric motor can be moved during the ascent stroke of the ram 18 from the bottom dead center B to the top dead center T. The ram 18 and the upper mold 24 are connected to the crank mechanism 50 and the electric motor 42 by a drive source different from the motor 42.
For example, the ram 18 can be lifted so as not to apply an overload due to weight.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a press forming machine for ceramic products according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the press forming machine for ceramic products according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the press forming machine in which a ram, a support, a lifting arm, a sliding body, and the like are broken.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of a lifting arm and a sliding body.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view of the press molding machine as viewed from the front.

FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory view of the press molding machine as viewed from the side.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a conventional press molding machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 press molding machine 12 bed 14 support 16 support 18 ram 24 upper die 28 lower die 36 Kugle link mechanism 40 elevating arm 42 electric motor 50 crank mechanism 52 guide shaft 54 sliding body 56 sliding surface 58 guide cylinder 62 ascending Auxiliary means

Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-11-34025 (JP, A) JP-A 64-40605 (JP, U) JP-A-64-40607 (JP, U) JP 7-16404 (JP) , Y2) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B28B 3/00-3/10

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A bed is provided on a molding machine main body, and a ram is provided so as to be able to move up and down via a column implanted in the bed.
The lower die is provided on the bed, and the upper die is provided on the ram, respectively.On the other hand, driving means is provided on a support provided on the upper part of the molding machine main body, and a pair of toggle link mechanisms are provided on the support and the ram. In a press forming machine for ceramic products, the guide shaft is fixed to the ram, and the pair of toggle link mechanisms are connected by a raising / lowering arm, and the raising / lowering arm is provided to be able to move up and down via a driving means. A ceramic product characterized by being provided slidably with respect to a support of a molding machine main body, a slidable sliding body being fitted on a guide shaft, and the sliding body being fixed to a lifting arm. Press molding machine. 2. A press forming machine for ceramic products according to claim 1, wherein the driving means comprises an electric motor and a crank mechanism, and a lifting assist means for assisting the raising of the ram is provided.