JP3279806B2 - Plasma melting processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to municipal waste, sewage sludge,
Alternatively, the present invention relates to an incineration ash plasma melting apparatus for melting and processing incineration ash generated by incinerating other waste in an incinerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, incineration ash generated by incinerating municipal garbage, sewage sludge, or other waste in a waste incinerator is, in many cases, landfilled. However, since it becomes difficult to secure landfill sites year by year, there is a demand for a method of reducing the volume of incinerated ash to be landfilled, that is, a volume reduction treatment. Also, if the incinerated ash is landfilled as it is without treatment, the incinerated ash itself contains various heavy metals and other harmful substances. These phenomena are eluted in groundwater, or the unburned molten substances in the incineration ash decompose, and these phenomena cause secondary pollution. Therefore, there is a demand for non-polluting treatment of incineration ash discharged from incinerators.

[0003] For this reason, there is a method of treating incinerated ash in which incineration ash is burned and melted by plasma in a melting furnace, and volume reduction processing and pollution-free processing are performed. Such a plasma melting apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 4, 50 is a furnace main body, 51 is a plasma torch, 53 is a slag layer, 54 is a metal layer, and 55 is a lower electrode.

The furnace main body 50 has a waste supply port 50a for incinerated ash such as waste and a slag port 50b. A plasma torch 51 is inserted inward from a wall surface, and a lower electrode 55 such as graphite is connected to the furnace. Located at the bottom. The plasma torch 51 generates plasma between the lower electrode 55 and the inside of the furnace main body 50 and melts the waste by the plasma. And the incineration ash such as municipal waste in the furnace body 50 supplied from the waste supply port 50a is uniformly melted. The metal layer 54 is a layer formed of a base metal layer 54a in which iron scrap is previously melted to the lowermost layer for the purpose of protecting the lower electrode, and metals having a large specific gravity in the molten waste. .

In the conventional plasma melting apparatus having the above-described structure, when incinerated ash such as municipal garbage, which is waste, is supplied from the waste supply port 50a, the plasma torch 51 and the lower electrode 5 are discharged.
The incineration ash is melted by the plasma for 5 times. In the molten waste, metals having a high specific gravity settle to the lower part, and a metal layer 54 having a specific gravity lower than that of the metal forms a molten slag layer 53 at the upper part. When the molten slag layer 53 becomes higher than the position of the slag port 50b, the molten slag flows down from the slag port 50b. As described above, the above-mentioned conventional plasma melting apparatus melts and decomposes unburned substances and toxic substances in incinerated ash to perform pollution-free treatment and to reduce the volume.

However, when the operation of the conventional plasma melting apparatus having the above structure is stopped, the molten slag layer 53 having a specific gravity smaller than that of the metal is solidified while covering the metal layer 54. The slag layer once solidified has no conductivity, and when the operation is performed again, the solidified molten slag layer 53 has a problem that the energization between the plasma torch 51 and the lower electrode 55 is hindered, and plasma cannot be generated. I was

Therefore, various devices have been proposed to solve the above problems. Among them, there is an apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-55412. This will be described below with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 56 denotes a furnace pot of the furnace main body, 57 denotes a furnace lid of the furnace main body, 58 denotes a plasma torch, 59 denotes a bogie, 60 denotes a hydraulic cylinder, 62 denotes a hydraulic jack, and 63 denotes a floor.

The conventional plasma melting apparatus includes a furnace pot 56 provided with a lower power supply (not shown) and a slag port (not shown), and a waste supply port (not shown) provided with a plasma torch 58. A furnace body is constituted by the furnace cover 57 having the above. The bogie 59 has wheels 64 on the lower surface side, and on the bogie, a column 61 is erected, and a hydraulic cylinder 60 and a support base 66 are fixed. Prop 6
The bracket 65 of the furnace pan 56 is pivotally connected to the upper end of the furnace pan 1, and the furnace bottom is supported by a support base 66.
Is mounted on a trolley 59. The tip of the rod portion 60 a of the hydraulic cylinder 60 is pivotally attached to the furnace pan 56. The hydraulic jack 62 is for raising the furnace pot 56 upward from the floor 63 and bringing the furnace cover 57 into close contact during operation of the plasma melting apparatus.

In the conventional plasma melting treatment apparatus having the above structure, waste is removed from the furnace body 56, 5 in the state shown in FIG.
7, the operation is stopped, the hydraulic jack 62 is lowered, and the furnace pot portion 56 of the furnace body and the furnace lid portion 57 of the furnace body are stopped.
5A and 5B, the rod 60a of the hydraulic cylinder 60 is extended, and the furnace pan 56 is centered on the pivotal attachment portion of the bracket 65, as shown in FIG. 5B. , And withdrawn from the furnace pan 56 before the molten slag layer in the furnace pan 56 solidifies. Here, the movement of the furnace pan 56 by the cart 59 needs to be moved to a place where the furnace pan 56 can be tilted without being hindered by the furnace lid 57.

As described above, the above-mentioned conventional plasma melting apparatus is an apparatus for extracting the molten slag layer from the furnace main body before the furnace pan portion 56 is tilted and solidified. When the slag layer is not solidified and is started again, the solidified molten slag layer having no conductivity does not hinder energization between the lower power supply and the plasma torch, and the operation can be restarted immediately.

[0011]

However, the above-mentioned conventional plasma melting apparatus has a furnace pan 56 and a
7, the furnace pan 56 is horizontally moved to a place where it can be tilted by the cart 59, and then tilted.
There is a problem that the structure of the entire plasma melting apparatus becomes complicated and large. In addition, the furnace pan 56 is connected to the cart 5
9 moves to a tiltable place, so that the floor area must be large. Further, the tilting is to tilt about a pivotal portion of a bracket 65 provided on the upper outer side of the furnace pan portion 56. Therefore, there is a problem that the installation space must be wide in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to have a simple structure and a small size, and to save the installation space. It is an object of the present invention to provide a plasma melting processing apparatus which can be converted into a plasma melting processing apparatus.

[0013]

According to the present invention, there is provided a plasma melting apparatus comprising: a plasma torch; a plasma torch inserted and mounted inward from a wall; A furnace body having a mouth and a slag port, wherein the slag port is supported rotatably in the vertical direction; and
Wall so that it can slide while maintaining the airtightness.
A discharge duct connected to the center of the furnace body.
Is located in the furnace body, the furnace body and the discharge duct
Both sliding surfaces are circles having a center point at the center of the rotation.
It is an arc surface.

[0014]

According to the above means, the furnace body provided with the slag port is rotatable up and down. Therefore, only by rotating the furnace body so that the slag port is directed downward from above, the molten slag is removed from the furnace. Spills out of the body. When the center of rotation is located in the furnace body, the space required for the furnace body to rotate is reduced. Change
When a seal is placed on the arc surface, the furnace body and the discharge
And are connected while ensuring the airtightness. And this
Thus, the sliding surface between the furnace body and the discharge duct is an arc surface.
The furnace body while keeping the seal function.
Can be moved.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a plasma melting apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of FIG. In FIG. 1, 1 is a plasma torch, 2 is a hopper, 3 is plasma, 4 is a molten slag layer, 5 is a metal layer, 6 is a lower electrode,
7 is a refractory, 8 is a water-cooled jacket, 9 is a furnace body, 10 is a slag, 11 is a discharge duct, 15 is a flexible duct, and 16 is a seal.

The furnace body 9 has a cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. 2, and is horizontally supported so as to be rotatable in the directions of arrows 12 and 13 around a central axis 14 of the cylinder. Such a rotatable support structure is similar to a structure that conventionally supports a mixer, a tumbler, and the like. A water-cooling jacket 8 is provided on the entire wall surface of the furnace body 9 as shown in FIG. 1, a waste supply port 9a is provided on the upper side of the wall surface, and a slag port 9b is provided on the left side of the wall surface. The lower electrode 6 is provided on the hearth so as to be sandwiched by the refractory 7. The plasma torch 1 is inserted inward from the wall surface of the furnace body 9 and is fixed to the wall surface via a tilting device 18. The plasma torch 1 is tilted in the direction of arrow 17 by the tilting device 18 to uniformly generate plasma in the furnace body 9. generate. When the plasma torch 1 is fixed to the wall in this way, the plasma torch 1 moves together with the movement of the furnace main body 9, so that the furnace main body 9 can be rotated without any trouble.

The hopper 2 is provided with a waste supply port 9 of the furnace body 9.
a through a flexible duct 15,
Waste is supplied without hindering the rotation of the furnace body 9. The discharge duct 11 also serves as an exhaust gas duct, and is slidably connected to a wall surface provided with the slag port 9b as the furnace body 9 rotates. The sliding surface 11 a of the discharge duct 11 is an arc surface of a circle centered on the central axis 14 of the cylinder of the furnace body 9, and the furnace body 9 and the discharge duct 11 are connected to the arc surface via a seal 16. They are connected while ensuring airtightness. As described above, when the sliding surface 11a of the discharge duct 11 has an arcuate surface, the furnace body 9 can be rotated while utilizing the function of the seal 16.

The plasma melting apparatus of the present invention having the above structure operates as follows. When incinerated ash such as municipal garbage is supplied to the hopper 2, the flexible duct 1
5, is supplied from the waste supply port 9a into the furnace body 9 and is burned and melted by the plasma generated between the plasma torch 1 and the lower electrode 6, and the burned and melted waste is a metal having a large specific gravity. Is settled at the bottom and metal layer 5
The slag layer with a lower specific gravity than metal is
To form When the molten slag layer 4 becomes higher than the position of the slag port 9b, the molten slag 10 flows down from the slag port 9b. Then, when the operation is stopped or when appropriate, the furnace body 9
Is rotated about the central axis 14 in the direction of the arrow 12, the slag port 9b is directed downward, and the molten slag layer 4 covering the metal layer 5 is extracted from the slag port 9b. After extracting the molten slag layer 4, the furnace body 9 is rotated about the central axis 14 in the direction of arrow 13 to return to the original position.

Therefore, the plasma melting apparatus of the present invention has the following effects. Furnace body 9 with slag port 9b
Is rotatable up and down, only by rotating the furnace body 9 so that the slag port 9b is directed downward from above,
Since the molten slag 10 flows out to the discharge duct, the molten slag layer 4 can be extracted from the furnace body before solidifying. As a result, even if the operation is stopped, the molten non-conductive slag layer 4 does not solidify in the furnace, and when it is started again, the solidified molten non-conductive slag layer 4 causes the lower power supply and the plasma torch to be connected. The operation can be immediately resumed.

The structure for supporting the furnace main body 9 so as to be rotatable vertically and supporting the center of the rotation so as to be located on the central shaft 14 in the furnace main body 9 is a conventional mixer or conventional mixer. The structure is similar to that for supporting a tumbler, etc.
The structure of the whole apparatus is simple and does not increase in complexity and size as in the conventional plasma melting processing apparatus shown in FIG.
Reduce size.

Further, as in the conventional plasma melting treatment apparatus shown in FIG.
6, the furnace body 9 rotates at the same position without horizontal movement as compared with the conventional plasma melting processing apparatus in which the furnace is tilted about a pivot portion located outside the upper part, and further, the space required for the rotation is Since the center shaft 14 which is the center of rotation is located in the furnace main body 9, the number of the shafts is reduced, and the installation space can be saved.

Further, as in the conventional plasma melting processing apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 5, a furnace lid provided with a plasma torch or a waste supply port and a furnace pan provided with a slag outlet are separated from each other. Since there is no need, even during operation, the furnace main body 9 can be rotated to discharge all the molten slag out of the furnace main body 9.

Therefore, the discharge duct 11 for the molten slag 10
The molten slag layer 4 is discharged from the slag port 9b as described above.
The batch which discharges the molten slag intermittently by consciously controlling the vertical rotation of the furnace main body 9 instead of naturally flowing out of the slag port 9b when it becomes higher than the position Formula operation becomes possible. For example,
The position of the slag port 9b of the furnace body 9 is maintained at a position higher than the position shown in FIG. 1 so that the molten slag 10 is prevented from easily flowing out, and after burning for a certain time, the molten slag 10 is discharged. That is. The above-mentioned batch operation prevents the waste from being mixed with the molten slag 10 without being melted and flowing out to the discharge duct 11.

When the plasma torch 1 is fixed to the wall surface as described above, the plasma torch 1 also moves together with the movement of the furnace body 9, so that the furnace body 9 can be rotated without any trouble, and If the waste supply port 9a is connected to the waste supply port 9a through the flexible duct 15,
When the waste is supplied without hindrance to the rotation and the sliding surface 11a of the discharge duct 11 is an arc surface, the furnace body 9 can be rotated while utilizing the function of the seal 16.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another plasma melting processing apparatus according to the present invention. Conventionally, the furnace diameter of the furnace body was increased in order to increase the processing capacity of the plasma melting processing apparatus at one time. However, considering the area that can be irradiated by the integrated plasma torch, the furnace diameter may exceed a certain limit. When it becomes larger, the processing capacity may be reduced once. However, the plasma melting treatment apparatus according to the present invention extends the horizontal length L of the cylindrical furnace body 20 and sets a predetermined distance d so as to secure an irradiated area of the integrated plasma torch 1 by the extended volume. Provide a plurality of them apart,
If a plurality of the waste supply ports and the slag ports 20a (not shown) are provided at predetermined intervals d in the horizontal direction, it is possible to surely improve the single-time processing capability of the plasma melting processing apparatus.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the furnace body has a cylindrical shape. However, the shape is not limited to the above shape. However, in order to easily rotate the furnace main body in a minimum space and to ensure the hermeticity at the connection with the discharge duct, the cross section of the furnace main body is circular as in the above embodiment. It is desirable that the furnace body be shaped so as to rotate around the center of the circle having this cross section. Therefore, it goes without saying that a spherical furnace body may be used.

[0027]

As described above, the plasma melting treatment apparatus of the present invention supports the furnace body provided with the slag port so that it can be rotated up and down and the center of the rotation is located in the furnace body. Thus, the structure is simplified and miniaturized, and the center of rotation is located in the furnace main body to reduce the space required for rotation, thereby saving space in the installation place. Further, in the arc surface
By placing a seal, the furnace body and the discharge duct are sealed tightly.
It can be connected while securing. And like this
The sliding surface between the furnace body and the discharge duct is an arc surface
And rotate the furnace body while utilizing the function of the seal.
Can be

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a plasma melting apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the plasma melting apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another plasma melting processing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a conventional plasma melting apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a conventional plasma melting processing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plasma torch 2 Hopper 3 Plasma 9 Furnace main body 9a Waste supply port 9b Slag port 11 Discharge duct 11a Sliding surface 12, 13 Rotation direction 14 Center of rotation

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Tomio Suzuki 1-5-5 Takatsukadai, Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Kobe Steel, Ltd. Kobe Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Shigeno Tabashi Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo 1-5-5 Takatsukadai Kobe Steel, Ltd.Kobe Research Institute (72) Inventor Yoshiaki Shimizu 1-3-18 Wakihama-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Kobe Steel Ltd. ) Inventor Motoo Yamada 3-11-20 Wakao-ji Temple, Amagasaki-shi, Hyogo Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc. Research Institute of Technology (56) References JP-A-3-55412 (JP, A) JP-A-53-78909 (JP) JP-A-59-142374 (JP, A) JP-A-2-236212 (JP, A) JP-A-61-213510 (JP, A) JP-A-7-127832 (JP, A) 7-260358 (JP A) (58) investigated the field (Int.Cl. ^7, DB name) F23G 5/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. Waste such as incinerated ash from municipal waste is collected in a furnace.
In a plasma melting processing apparatus that melts by a plasma, a plasma torch and the plasma torch are inserted and attached inward from a wall surface, and further have a waste supply port and a slag port on the wall surface, and the slag port has Is connected to the furnace body, which is rotatably supported in the vertical direction, and the wall provided with the slag port is slidable while maintaining the airtightness with the vertical rotation of the furnace body. And a discharge duct that is
The center of rotation of the furnace main body is located inside the furnace main body, and the sliding surfaces of both the furnace main body and the discharge duct are arc surfaces of a circle centered on the center of the rotation. Plasma melting apparatus. 2. A plasma melting treatment apparatus of claim 1 Symbol placement, the cross-section of the furnace body is circular, plasma fusion process, wherein a center point of the circle of the cross section is the center of rotation apparatus. 3. A hopper into which waste is dropped, a plasma torch, and the plasma torch inserted and mounted inward from a wall surface, and further, a waste supply port connected to the hopper by a flexible duct. A cylindrical furnace body having a slag port on a wall surface and the slag port supported horizontally so that the slag port can rotate vertically, and the slag port provided with the rotation of the furnace body. A discharge duct that is slidably connected to a wall of the furnace, wherein the furnace body rotates about a central axis of the cylinder, and a sliding surface of the discharge duct with the furnace body is a central axis of the cylinder. A plasma melting processing apparatus, characterized in that the furnace body and the discharge duct are connected to the arc surface of a circle having a center as a center point via a seal. 4. The plasma melting treatment apparatus of claim 1, 3 Symbol placement, multiple attachment to isolate between predetermined said plasma torch in the furnace body in the horizontal direction, further, the waste inlet, and tapping port also A plasma melting processing apparatus, wherein a plurality thereof are provided at predetermined intervals in a horizontal direction.