JP3565050B2 - Ash melting furnace - Google Patents

Ash melting furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3565050B2
JP3565050B2 JP29029798A JP29029798A JP3565050B2 JP 3565050 B2 JP3565050 B2 JP 3565050B2 JP 29029798 A JP29029798 A JP 29029798A JP 29029798 A JP29029798 A JP 29029798A JP 3565050 B2 JP3565050 B2 JP 3565050B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
melting furnace
ash melting
ash
furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP29029798A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000121028A (en
Inventor
強 仲尾
哲夫 明石
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JFE Engineering Corp
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JFE Engineering Corp
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Filing date
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Priority to JP29029798A priority Critical patent/JP3565050B2/en
Publication of JP2000121028A publication Critical patent/JP2000121028A/en
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  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、焼却灰または飛灰を電気抵抗式灰溶融炉で溶融する灰溶融炉に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
都市ごみや産業廃棄物を焼却炉において焼却したときに発生する焼却灰の多くは、埋め立て処分されているが、埋立地の確保が困難になるにしたがって、その減容化が要望されている。また、都市ごみ等を焼却する際に、焼却炉から燃焼排ガスとともに飛散し、集塵機で捕集される飛灰は、鉛やカドミウム等の重金属を含んでおり、特別管理一般廃棄物に指定されているので、これらの重金属類を無害化する処理を施さなければ、廃棄処分することはできない。このため、焼却炉から直接取り出された焼却灰を減容化するとともに、飛灰を無害化する必要がある。
【0003】
このような問題に対処するために、焼却灰の減容化と飛灰中に含まれる重金属類の不溶化・無害化とを、同時に行なう技術が開発されている。
【0004】
このような焼却灰および飛灰の溶融固化処理の一つとして、電気抵抗式溶融炉を用いる処理方法が知られている。
【0005】
図3は従来の焼却灰および飛灰の溶融処理方法に使用される電気抵抗式溶融炉の一例を示す概略縦断面図である。図3に示すように、溶融炉本体21には、電極昇降装置22により昇降可能な複数本の電極23が設けられている。これらの電極23は、炉上部に設けられたホッパ24を介して投入口25から炉内に投入された焼却灰および飛灰51内に挿入され、電極23に通電して溶融スラグから発生するア−ク熱により、焼却灰および飛灰51を溶融するようになっている。そして、焼却灰および飛灰51が溶融することによって、その下方には溶融スラグ層52が形成され、さらにその下方には溶融メタル層53が形成され、溶融スラグ層52の溶融スラグおよび溶融メタル層53の溶融メタルは、排出口26から排出される。
【0006】
また、灰溶融炉内で発生したダスト(溶融飛灰)とCOやH等の可燃性ガスを含む排ガスは、溶融炉本体21の上部に設けられた排ガスダクト27を通って、排ガス燃焼炉28に入り、粗い溶融飛灰が集塵されるとともに、ファン29により供給された燃焼用空気により燃焼される。また、排ガス燃焼炉28には、昇温用の補助バ−ナ30が付加されることもある。そして、燃焼後のガスは、いったん大気開放された後、周囲の大気と共に吸引され、集塵機(図示せず)においてガス中の細かいダストが集塵された後、煙突(図示せず)から大気中に排出される。
【0007】
前記排ガスダクト27には、排ガス中に含まれるダストが付着するので、排ガスダクト27の排ガス燃焼炉28を挟んだ延長線上に、ダスト除去装置31が設けられている。そして、このダスト除去装置31により、排ガスダクト27内面に付着したダストを除去するようにしている。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述した従来の灰溶融炉には、次のような問題点がある。
【0009】
排ガスダクトが1本しか設けられていないので、灰溶融炉の稼動中に排ガスダクトに付着したダストを、ダスト除去装置で除去しようとする際に、排ガスダクトが閉塞されるような状態になるので、排ガスが流れずに炉内圧力が上昇し、排ガスが炉外に吹き出す可能性があり、溶融炉の安定操業が行なえない。また、炉内で発生したCOやH等の可燃性ガスが、排ガス燃焼炉に導かれなくなるので、排ガス燃焼炉の温度が低下する。
【0010】
この発明は、従来技術の上述のような問題点を解消するためになされたものであり、灰溶融炉の炉内圧力と排ガス燃焼炉の炉温が安定しているので、灰溶融炉の安定操業が行なえる灰溶融炉を提供することを目的としている。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明に係る灰溶融炉は、電気抵抗式灰溶融炉と、前記灰溶融炉で発生する排ガスを燃焼する排ガス燃焼手段とを備えた灰溶融炉において、前記電気抵抗式灰溶融炉と前記排ガス燃焼手段との間に、両者を接続する少なくとも2本以上の排ガスダクトを設け、それぞれの排ガスダクトに付着するダストを除去するダスト除去手段を設けたものである。
【0012】
この発明に係る灰溶融炉においては、電気抵抗式灰溶融炉と排ガス燃焼手段との間に、少なくとも2本以上の排ガスダクトを並列に設けているので、灰溶融炉稼動中に排ガスダクトの内面に付着したダストを除去する場合、1本の排ガスダクトのダストを除去中に、その排ガスダクトが閉塞状態になったとしても、排ガスは他の排ガスダクトを通って排ガス燃焼手段側に流れる。
【0013】
したがって、電気抵抗式灰溶融炉内の圧力が変動することはなく、また排ガス燃焼手段側に排ガスが安定して導かれるので、灰溶融炉の操業が安定して行なえる。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
この発明の実施の形態を、図を参照して説明する。図1は、本発明の実施の形態の灰溶融炉の平面図である。なお、この灰溶融炉は、排ガスダクト部分以外は、図3で説明した従来の灰溶融炉と同じであるので、同じ部分についての説明は省略し、この灰溶融炉の特徴部分についてのみ説明する。
【0015】
この灰溶融炉においては、電気抵抗式灰溶融炉1と排ガス燃焼炉2との間に、両者を接続する2本の排ガスダクト3を並列に設けるとともに、これら排ガスダクト3の排ガス燃焼炉2を挟んだ延長線上には、排ガスダクト3と軸線を共有し、内径が排ガスダクト3同じ排ガス除去用ダクト4を設け、それぞれの排ガス除去用ダクト4には、排ガスダクト3内のダストを除去できるダスト除去装置5が装着されている。
【0016】
2本の排ガスダクト3の内径は同一とし、それぞれのダスト除去装置5には、排ガスダクト3の内径に等しい外径の回転刃が、排ガスダクト3内を移動しながらダストを掻き取る方式のものが使用される。
【0017】
このダスト除去装置5の一例としては、図2に示す構造のものがある。このダスト除去装置5は、排ガスダクト3の内面に接触する大きさの回転刃11と、この回転刃11を支持する支持部材12と、この支持部材12に接続された回転軸13と、回転軸13を回転させるためのエアモ−タ14と、エアモ−タ14を搭載した台車15と、台車15を基礎100上に設けられたレ−ル16に沿って移動させるための流体圧シリンダ17とから構成されている。なお、回転軸13は、排ガス除去用ダクト4に設けられた軸受18および台車15に設けられた軸受19により、摺動可能に支持されている。また、排ガス除去用ダクト4の外側端部は、排ガスが外部に漏れないようにシ−ル材20が設けられている。
【0018】
ダスト除去装置5は、上述のように構成されているので、排ガスダクト3に付着したダストを除去するときには、流体圧シリンダ17を伸長させ、台車15を前方に直線走行させるとともに、エアモ−タ14により回転刃11を回転させる。このようにすることにより、回転刃11は排ガスダクト3内排ガス燃焼炉2側から灰溶融炉1側に向かって回転しながら摺動していくので、排ガスダクト3内に付着したダストを残らず掻き取ることができる。そして、掻き取られたダストは、回転刃11の前進にともなって前方に押しやられ、最後には灰溶融炉1内に落下する。
【0019】
本発明の灰溶融炉においては、2本以上の排ガスダクト3とそれぞれの排ガスダクト3にダスト除去装置5を設け、交互に作動させるので、上述のようにして排ガスダクト3のダストを除去しているときに、その排ガスダクト3が閉塞状態になったとしても、排ガスは他の排ガスダクト3を通って排ガス燃焼炉2側に流れることができる。
【0020】
したがって、電気抵抗式溶融炉1内の圧力は、大気圧より1〜10mmHO高い圧力に安定に保たれ、大きく変動することがなく、また排ガス燃焼炉2に排ガスが安定して導かれるので、排ガス燃焼炉の温度が安定して、可燃ガスの燃焼が行われ、灰溶融炉の操業が安定して行なえる。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
この発明により、ダスト除去中にも、排ガスが電気抵抗式灰溶融炉から排ガスダクトを通って、排ガス燃焼炉側にスム−ズに流れるので、灰溶融炉の操業が安定して行なえる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態の灰溶融炉の平面図である。
【図2】ダスト除去装置の一例を示す縦断面図である。
【図3】従来の灰溶融炉の一例を示す概略縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 電気抵抗式溶融炉
2 排ガス燃焼炉
3 排ガスダクト
4 排ガス除去用ダクト
5 ダスト除去装置
11 回転刃
12 支持部材
13 回転軸
14 エアモ−タ
15 台車
16 レ−ル
17 流体圧シリンダ
18 軸受
19 軸受
20 シ−ル材
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an ash melting furnace for melting incinerated ash or fly ash in an electric resistance ash melting furnace.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Most of the incinerated ash generated when municipal solid waste and industrial waste are incinerated in incinerators is landfilled. However, as it becomes more difficult to secure a landfill, it is required to reduce its volume. Also, when incinerating municipal solid waste, etc., fly ash that is scattered together with the combustion exhaust gas from the incinerator and collected by the dust collector contains heavy metals such as lead and cadmium, and is designated as a specially managed municipal waste. Therefore, these heavy metals cannot be disposed of without detoxifying them. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the volume of incinerated ash taken directly from the incinerator and to render fly ash harmless.
[0003]
In order to cope with such a problem, a technique for simultaneously reducing the volume of incinerated ash and insolubilizing and detoxifying heavy metals contained in fly ash has been developed.
[0004]
As one of such melting and solidifying treatments of incinerated ash and fly ash, a treatment method using an electric resistance type melting furnace is known.
[0005]
FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing an example of an electric resistance type melting furnace used in a conventional incineration ash and fly ash melting method. As shown in FIG. 3, the melting furnace main body 21 is provided with a plurality of electrodes 23 that can be raised and lowered by an electrode lifting and lowering device 22. These electrodes 23 are inserted into the incinerated ash and fly ash 51 introduced into the furnace from a charging port 25 via a hopper 24 provided at the upper part of the furnace. The incineration ash and fly ash 51 are melted by the heat of the heat. When the incineration ash and fly ash 51 are melted, a molten slag layer 52 is formed below the incinerated ash and fly ash 51, and a molten metal layer 53 is further formed below the molten slag layer 52. The 53 molten metal is discharged from the discharge port 26.
[0006]
Further, the exhaust gas containing dust (melt fly ash) generated in the ash melting furnace and a combustible gas such as CO or H 2 passes through an exhaust gas duct 27 provided at an upper portion of the melting furnace main body 21 to be discharged into the exhaust gas combustion furnace. 28, coarse molten fly ash is collected and burned by the combustion air supplied by the fan 29. Further, an auxiliary burner 30 for raising the temperature may be added to the exhaust gas combustion furnace 28. After the burned gas is once released to the atmosphere, it is sucked together with the surrounding atmosphere, and fine dust in the gas is collected in a dust collector (not shown). Is discharged to
[0007]
Since dust contained in the exhaust gas adheres to the exhaust gas duct 27, a dust removing device 31 is provided on an extension of the exhaust gas duct 27 across the exhaust gas combustion furnace. The dust removing device 31 removes dust adhering to the inner surface of the exhaust gas duct 27.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-mentioned conventional ash melting furnace has the following problems.
[0009]
Since only one exhaust gas duct is provided, when dust attached to the exhaust gas duct is to be removed by the dust removal device during operation of the ash melting furnace, the exhaust gas duct is closed. In addition, the pressure inside the furnace increases without exhaust gas flowing, and the exhaust gas may be blown out of the furnace, so that stable operation of the melting furnace cannot be performed. Moreover, combustible gas such as CO or H 2 generated in the furnace, so no longer led to the exhaust gas combustion furnace, the temperature of the exhaust gas combustion furnace is reduced.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and since the pressure inside the ash melting furnace and the furnace temperature of the exhaust gas combustion furnace are stable, the ash melting furnace is stable. The purpose is to provide an ash melting furnace that can be operated.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An ash melting furnace according to the present invention is an ash melting furnace comprising an electric resistance ash melting furnace and an exhaust gas burning means for burning exhaust gas generated in the ash melting furnace, wherein the electric resistance ash melting furnace and the exhaust gas At least two or more exhaust gas ducts are provided between the exhaust gas duct and the combustion means, and dust removing means for removing dust adhering to each exhaust gas duct is provided.
[0012]
In the ash melting furnace according to the present invention, at least two or more exhaust gas ducts are provided in parallel between the electric resistance type ash melting furnace and the exhaust gas combustion means. When removing dust adhering to the exhaust gas, even if the exhaust gas duct is closed while the dust from one exhaust gas duct is being removed, the exhaust gas flows to the exhaust gas combustion means side through another exhaust gas duct.
[0013]
Therefore, the pressure in the electric resistance type ash melting furnace does not fluctuate, and the exhaust gas is stably guided to the exhaust gas combustion means, so that the ash melting furnace can be operated stably.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of an ash melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention. Note that this ash melting furnace is the same as the conventional ash melting furnace described with reference to FIG. 3 except for the exhaust gas duct portion, and therefore the description of the same parts is omitted, and only the features of the ash melting furnace will be described. .
[0015]
In this ash melting furnace, two exhaust gas ducts 3 connecting the electric resistance type ash melting furnace 1 and the exhaust gas combustion furnace 2 are connected in parallel, and the exhaust gas combustion furnace 2 of the exhaust gas ducts 3 is On the extension line sandwiched between the exhaust gas duct 3 and the exhaust gas duct 3, an axis is shared, and an exhaust gas removal duct 4 having the same inner diameter as the exhaust gas duct 3 is provided. The removal device 5 is mounted.
[0016]
The inner diameter of the two exhaust gas ducts 3 is the same, and each of the dust removing devices 5 has a rotating blade having an outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the exhaust gas duct 3 for scraping dust while moving inside the exhaust gas duct 3. Is used.
[0017]
As an example of the dust removing device 5, there is one having a structure shown in FIG. The dust removing device 5 includes a rotary blade 11 having a size that comes into contact with the inner surface of the exhaust gas duct 3, a support member 12 that supports the rotary blade 11, a rotary shaft 13 connected to the support member 12, An air motor 14 for rotating the motor 13, a truck 15 on which the air motor 14 is mounted, and a fluid pressure cylinder 17 for moving the truck 15 along a rail 16 provided on a foundation 100. It is configured. The rotating shaft 13 is slidably supported by a bearing 18 provided on the exhaust gas removing duct 4 and a bearing 19 provided on the carriage 15. Further, a seal material 20 is provided at an outer end of the exhaust gas removing duct 4 so that the exhaust gas does not leak outside.
[0018]
Since the dust removing device 5 is configured as described above, when removing dust adhering to the exhaust gas duct 3, the fluid pressure cylinder 17 is extended, the carriage 15 is moved straight forward, and the air motor 14 is moved. To rotate the rotary blade 11. By doing so, the rotary blade 11 slides while rotating from the exhaust gas combustion furnace 2 side in the exhaust gas duct 3 toward the ash melting furnace 1 side, so that dust adhering in the exhaust gas duct 3 does not remain. Can be scraped. Then, the scraped-off dust is pushed forward as the rotary blade 11 advances, and finally falls into the ash melting furnace 1.
[0019]
In the ash melting furnace of the present invention, since two or more exhaust gas ducts 3 and the dust removing devices 5 are provided in each exhaust gas duct 3 and are operated alternately, dust in the exhaust gas duct 3 is removed as described above. During the operation, even if the exhaust gas duct 3 is closed, the exhaust gas can flow to the exhaust gas combustion furnace 2 through another exhaust gas duct 3.
[0020]
Therefore, the pressure in the electric resistance melting furnace 1 is stably maintained at a pressure 1 to 10 mmH 2 O higher than the atmospheric pressure, does not fluctuate greatly, and the exhaust gas is stably guided to the exhaust gas combustion furnace 2. In addition, the temperature of the exhaust gas combustion furnace is stabilized, the combustible gas is burned, and the ash melting furnace can be operated stably.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, even during dust removal, the exhaust gas flows smoothly from the electric resistance type ash melting furnace to the exhaust gas combustion furnace through the exhaust gas duct, so that the ash melting furnace can be operated stably.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an ash melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a dust removing device.
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a conventional ash melting furnace.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric resistance melting furnace 2 Exhaust gas combustion furnace 3 Exhaust gas duct 4 Exhaust gas removal duct 5 Dust removal device 11 Rotary blade 12 Support member 13 Rotary shaft 14 Air motor 15 Truck 16 Rail 17 Fluid pressure cylinder 18 Bearing 19 Bearing 20 Seal material

Claims (1)

電気抵抗式灰溶融炉と、前記灰溶融炉で発生する排ガスを燃焼する排ガス燃焼手段とを備えた灰溶融炉において、前記電気抵抗式灰溶融炉と前記排ガス燃焼手段との間に、両者を接続する少なくとも2本以上の排ガスダクトを設け、それぞれの排ガスダクトに付着するダストを除去するダスト除去手段を設けたことを特徴とする灰溶融炉。An electric resistance type ash melting furnace, and an ash melting furnace provided with exhaust gas combustion means for burning exhaust gas generated in the ash melting furnace, wherein both the electric resistance ash melting furnace and the exhaust gas combustion means, An ash melting furnace comprising: at least two exhaust gas ducts to be connected; and dust removing means for removing dust adhering to each exhaust gas duct.
JP29029798A 1998-10-13 1998-10-13 Ash melting furnace Expired - Fee Related JP3565050B2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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JP3565050B2 true JP3565050B2 (en) 2004-09-15

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