JP3278886B2 - Key detection device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the detection of tonality, which is the basis for automatically arranging keys, and more particularly to a key detection device for detecting a key using a key signature.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is considered that other parts and accompaniment are automatically arranged by an automatic arrangement device based on a simple musical score including only a melody and a chord as shown in FIG. 2 (C). In this case, the key of the melody must be known, but there are two ways to know the key.

One is to make the automatic arrangement device automatically detect the key, and the other is to determine the key by the user and input the result to the automatic arrangement device.

[0004] In the former case, the key detected by the automatic arrangement device is often wrong, which causes inconvenience.
In the latter case, automatic arrangement cannot be performed unless there is music knowledge that can determine the key by looking at the musical score. In the first place, the automatic editing device is a device that allows a user with little music knowledge to arrange music, so that the latter method is not effective.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and provides a key detecting device which can be used in an automatic arrangement device or an automatic accompaniment device, and can detect an accurate key even when the user lacks musical knowledge. The purpose is to provide.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems According to the invention of claim 1 of the present application, means for specifying music performance information, means for specifying the key signature of the music, and the specified key signature and the specified key signature are provided. Detecting means for detecting the key of the music based on the performance information.

[0007] The invention of claim 2 of this application provides a means for specifying a key signature of a music piece, a means for selecting a major key corresponding to the specified key signature and its parallel minor key as a candidate key tone, and a performance of the music piece. Means for specifying information, the selected candidate tone and the feature
Detection for detecting the key of the song based on the specified performance information
Means .

[0008] The invention of claim 3 of this application provides a means for specifying performance information of a music piece, a means for specifying a key signature of the music piece, a means for specifying a transposition position, and a method for specifying the key signature of the music piece. Detecting means for detecting the key of the music based on the specified performance information, and also refers to performance information before the specified modulation position when detecting a key after the specified modulation position. And detecting means for detecting a key after the modulation position of the music. The invention of claim 4 of this application is:
Means for specifying performance information of a song, and key signature of the song
Means and major and minor signs according to the specified key signature
Selecting means for selecting a keynote; and
Key to determine whether the tonality is major or minor based on
Gender discriminating means, and a candidate tone selected by the selecting means.
The music based on the tonality determined by the tonality determining means.
Key determining means for determining the key of the key.
You.

[0009]

According to the key detecting device of the present invention, major and minor candidates are selected one by one based on the key signature. Further, one of the selected major and minor key candidates is determined from the specified performance information. The method of determination is based on the existence of a specific chord (tonic, dominant, subdominant, etc.), the specific chord progression (dominant motion), the order of close tonicity, and the accidentals specific to the minor melody scale. Can be used. This allows
It is possible to accurately detect the tonality even if used by a user without musical knowledge.

[0010]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a key detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. This key detecting device stores a melody and a chord (chord) in a file. There is also provided an automatic performance function for automatically performing by reading these. In this key detection device, the CPU 10 controls the entire operation. A program memory 12, a table memory 13, a file memory 14, a working memory 15, an input device 16, a display device 17, and a tone generator 18 are connected to the CPU 10 via a bus 11. The program memory 12 and the table memory 13 are configured by a ROM. The program memory 12 stores a control program as shown in a flowchart described later. Various tables shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 are stored in the table memory 13. Further, the file memory 14 and the working memory 15 are constituted by RAM. File memory 14
Stores a melody file and a code file shown in FIG. The input device 16 includes various key switches operated when detecting the key of the music stored in the file. The display device 17 displays the detected key and the like. The tone generator 18 is a file memory 1
4 is a circuit for forming a tone signal when the music stored in No. 4 is automatically played.

FIG. 2 shows a melody file and a chord (CHORD: chord) stored in the file memory.
It is a figure showing a file. FIG. 7A shows a melody file. Melody of the song to automatically play is encoded (C H ORD) of this file. One piece of tone data is composed of a combination of a key code indicating a pitch and a duration code indicating the length of the tone, and a plurality of the data are stored in the order of performance. FIG. 2B shows a code file. This file stores codes specified for the melody. The chord (CHORD) is the root chord (C
H ORD), a type code, and a duration code indicating a specified length of the chord. FIG. 3C shows an example in which such a melody and a chord are represented in a staff notation.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a key table stored in the table memory 13. As shown in FIG. The key table is a table that stores keys determined by the number of change symbols (♯ or ♭). Here, one or more change symbols written at the left end of the staff are called key signatures. In this table, one major key and one minor key (parallel key) are determined one by one (parallel key), so that two keys are stored for each number. When the type and number of key signatures are input in the key detection operation, the table is searched based on the key signature and the corresponding major key and minor key are set to one.
Identify each type as a candidate.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relative tone table similarly stored in the table memory 13. This table is a table in which which key is most natural to transpose at the time of transposition with priorities stored. For example, it is most natural to transpose from C major (C) to subordinate F major (F), and then to subgenus G major (G), and further to parallel minor A (Am) ｍ. It is continued. This table stores this for all keys.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a dominant table. When performing modulation, modulation is often performed after a so-called dominant motion. The dominant motion refers to a chord progression from the chord of genus 7 to the main chord of the key to which the key is transposed. In this table, this dominant motion is stored for all keys (keys to be changed).

FIGS. 6 and 7 are flow charts showing the key detecting operation of the key detecting device.

First, 0 is set in the end bar register EDMJR as an initial operation (n1). Next, input of data relating to key detection is received (n2). The data relating to the key detection is a change symbol SIG, the number N thereof, the first bar STMJR of the detection range, and the last bar EDMJR.
Next, a key table is searched based on the change symbol SIG and the number N, and major and minor key candidates are determined one by one.
J, TNMN are set (n3). Next, a specific chord is detected (n4). That is, measures STMJR to ED
Major TNMJ or minor T in code file between MJR
It is determined whether any one of the NMN tonic (main chord), dominant (genus chord) or subdominant (lower chord) is included. If only one of TNMJ and TNMN is included, the key is determined. If the key is determined, the process proceeds to n9 in the judgment of n5. At n9, the determined key is displayed on the display, and the key is set to OTN (n10).

On the other hand, if the key is not determined, the presence or absence of a dominant motion is detected (n6). The dominant motion is a chord progression that shifts from the genus 7 chord to the main chord as described above, and is TNMJ, TNMN.
If a dominant motion having any one of the dominant chords is detected, it is determined that the tonality is the tonality. When the key is thus determined, the process proceeds to n9 in the judgment of n7. If no key is detected, a specific melody is detected (n8). This reads the melody stored in the melody file between STMJR and EDMJR, and searches for vi♯ or vii♯ sounds for the minor candidate TNMN. If there is this sound, it is decided to be TNMN as minor. If there is no such sound, TNMJ is determined as a major tone.

That is, in the case of a melody in minor, the sixth note (fa) and the seventh note (so) are raised by a semitone (multiplied by ♯) in order to improve the connection to the upper tonic (eighth note: la). Because it is often pronounced. On the other hand, in the case of the major tone, the seventh note (S) is not necessary since the tone is originally a semitone with respect to the upper tone (D). Accordingly, major / minor can be determined by detecting this. After this operation, the flow advances to n9.

After the key is stored in the OTN (n10), the process stands by until new data is input (n11).
If the newly input data is end data, (n
12) Terminate as it is. When a new bar for which key detection is performed is input, the same operation as above is performed (n13 to n23). However, since the key of the previous bar is detected first and the rule of modulation is strongly applied to the subsequent bar group, the detection of the dominant motion is prioritized over the detection of the specific chord.

At n13, data relating to key detection (change symbol SIG, number N thereof, first bar STMJR of the detection range,
When the last bar EDMJR) is input, the change symbol SI
The key table is searched based on G and the number N to determine a major candidate TNMJ and a minor candidate TNMN (n14).
Next, a dominant motion is detected (n15). In this case, the last code of the previous section is compared with the first code of the present section. That is, the dominant motion often occurs when the chord is changed from the immediately preceding chord to the chord in the current detection range, and if there is this, the key can be determined based on this. When the key is determined, the process proceeds to n22 in the determination of n16. At n22, the determined key is displayed on the display, the key is set to OTN (n23), and the process returns to n11.

On the other hand, if the key is not determined, a specific chord is detected (n17). That is, tonic,
This is a detection operation of the dominant and subdominant chords. When the key is determined by this, n2 is determined in the determination of n18.
Proceed to 2. If the key is not determined, OT
TNMJ, TNMN from the key (previous key) stored in N
The priority order for the chord progression is calculated in the close key table, and the key having the highest priority is determined. If the key is still not determined, the sound of vi♯ or vii♯ is searched from the melody between STMJR and EDMJR, and TNMN or TNMJ is determined (n21).
Proceed to.

With the above operation, the detection of the key is performed.

By incorporating the key detecting device of the present invention capable of detecting an accurate key in this manner into, for example, an automatic arrangement device, automatic arrangement based on the accurate key can be performed.

Further, by incorporating the key detecting device of the present invention into an automatic accompaniment device of an electronic musical instrument operating in real time, an automatic accompaniment based on an accurate key can be performed. In this case, the melody data may refer to data input by manual performance, and the chord data may refer to data specified manually. Therefore, in this embodiment, the key is detected by reading data from the performance data stored in the file. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the key may be detected from data input in real time.

At this time, the key cannot be detected until a specific performance that satisfies the detection condition is performed. Until then, either the major or minor key may be used as a default value.

Further, as in the case of a chord sequencer, the chord progression is input in advance, and it goes without saying that the chord progression can be incorporated into the input of only the melody in real time.

In this embodiment, a dominant motion is used as a specific chord progression. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and another chord progression specific to a key may be used. Of course, the progress may be three or more chord progressions.

The data stored in the file may be input by any conventional method. For example, the data may be input following a staff by a scanner.

[0029]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to accurately detect a key even if a musical instrument having no knowledge about music is used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a key detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a file memory of the tuning detection device.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a table memory of the tuning detection device;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a table memory of the tuning detection device;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a table memory of the tuning detection device.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the tuning detection device;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the tuning detection device.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A means for specifying performance information of a song, a means for specifying a key of the song, and detecting a key of the song based on the specified key signature and the specified performance information. A key detection device comprising: a detection unit. 2. A means for specifying a key signature of the song, and means for selecting the parallel minor and major corresponding key signature that is the identified as candidate tone, means for identifying the performance data of this tune, the Based on the selected candidate key and the specified performance information,
Key detecting means for detecting the key of the music . 3. A means for specifying performance information of a music piece, a means for specifying a key signature of the music piece, a means for specifying a transposition position, and the specified key signature and the specified performance information. Detection means for detecting the key of the song based on the specified modulation position.When detecting a key subsequent to the specified modulation position, the detection means also refers to performance information before the modulation position to determine the key of the music. A key detecting device, comprising: detecting means for detecting a subsequent key. 4. A means for specifying performance information of a music piece, a means for specifying a key signature of the music piece, and selecting a major and minor key tones according to the specified key signature.
On the basis of the selection means to issue and the specified performance information.
Tonality discriminator that determines whether the tonality is major or minor
A step, a candidate key selected by the selection means, and the tonality discriminator.
Determines the key of the song based on the tonality determined by the step
A key detection means, comprising: