JPH05249974A - Key detecting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a key detecting device capable of detecting a precise key even when used by a user having no musical knowledge by selecting one candidate every major and minor keys on the basis of a key signature, and determining either one of the selected candidates of major and minor keys on the basis of a specified play information. CONSTITUTION:A key detecting device has a means for specifying the play information of a musical composition and a means for specifying the key signature of the musical composition, and the key of a musical composition is detected on the basis of the specified key signature and the specified play information. A CPU 10 controls the whole operation. Various tables are stored in a table memory 13. A file memory 14 and a working memory 15 are formed of RAMs. In the file memory 14, melody file and code file are stored. An input device 16 includes various key switches which are operated when the key of the musical composition stored in the file is detected. A display device 17 displays the detected key. A tone generator 18 forms a musical sound signal when the musical composition stored in the file memory 14 is automatically played.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the detection of tonality, which is the basis for automatic arrangement of music, and more particularly to a key detection device for detecting keys using key signatures.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Consider the automatic arrangement of another part or accompaniment by an automatic arrangement device based on a simple musical score consisting only of melody and chord as shown in FIG. 2 (C). In this case, the key of the melody must be known, but there are two ways to know the key.

One is a method in which the automatic arrangement device automatically detects a key, and the other is a method in which the user determines the key by himself and inputs it to the automatic arrangement device.

In the former case, the key detected by the automatic arrangement device is often incorrect, which causes a problem.
In the latter case, the automatic interlude cannot be performed unless there is music knowledge that allows the player to judge the key by looking at the score. In the first place, the automatic editing device is a device that allows a user who has little music knowledge to arrange music, so the latter method is not effective.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and provides a key detection device for use in an automatic arrangement device, an automatic accompaniment device, or the like, which can detect an accurate key even when the user has little musical knowledge. The purpose is to provide.

[0006]

The invention according to claim 1 of the present application, means for specifying performance information of a piece of music, means for specifying a key signature of the piece of music, the specified key signature and the specified key Detecting means for detecting the key of the music piece based on the performance information.

The invention according to claim 2 of this application is a means for specifying a key signature of a music piece, a means for selecting a major and a parallel minor key corresponding to the specified key signature as a candidate key, and a performance of the music. And means for specifying information.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, means for specifying performance information of a piece of music, means for specifying a key signature of the piece of music, means for specifying a position of modulation, and the specified key signature. A detecting means for detecting a key of the tune based on the specified performance information, and also refers to performance information before the specified modulation position when detecting a key after the specified modulation position. And a detection unit for detecting a subsequent key from the modulation position of the music piece.

[0009]

In the key detecting device of the present invention, one major key and one minor key candidate are selected based on the key signature. Further, one of the selected major / minor candidates is determined from the specified performance information. The method of determination is based on the existence of specific chords (tonic, dominant, subdominant, etc.), specific chord progression (dominant motion), the order of close tonality, and accidental symbols peculiar to minor scales. A method of determining by This allows
It is possible to detect an accurate tonality even if it is used by a user who has no musical knowledge.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a key detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. This key detection device stores a melody and a chord (chord) in a file. It also has an automatic performance function that automatically plays by reading these. The CPU 10 controls the entire operation of this key detection device. A program memory 12, a table memory 13, a file memory 14, a working memory 15, an input device 16, a display device 17, and a tone generator 18 are connected to the CPU 10 via a bus 11. The program memory 12 and the table memory 13 are ROMs. The program memory 12 stores a control program as shown in the flowchart described later. The table memory 13 stores various tables shown in FIGS. The file memory 14 and the working memory 15 are RAMs. File memory 14
Stores the melody file and chord file shown in FIG. The input device 16 includes various key switches to be operated when detecting the key of the music stored in the file. The display device 17 displays the detected key and the like. The tone generator 18 is the file memory 1
4 is a circuit for forming a musical tone signal when the music stored in No. 4 is automatically played.

FIG. 2 shows a melody file and chords (CHORD: chords) stored in the file memory.
It is a figure which shows a file. FIG. 3A shows a melody file. In this file, the melody of the song to be automatically played is coded (CORD). One piece of musical tone data consists of a combination of a key code indicating the pitch and a duration code indicating the length of the musical tone, and a plurality of this data are stored in the order of performance. In addition, the same figure (B)
Indicates a code file. The code specified for the melody is stored in this file. The chord (CORD) is the root chord (COR).
D), a type code and a duration code indicating the designated length of the chord. FIG. 6C shows an example in which such a melody and chord are represented in a staff notation.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a tone table stored in the table memory 13. The key table is a table that stores keys determined by the number of change symbols (# or ♭). Here, one or a plurality of change symbols written on the left end of the staff are called key signatures. In this table, one major key and one minor key (parallel key) are determined with the same key signature, so two keys are stored for each number. When the type and number of key signatures are input in the key detection operation, this table is searched based on that and the corresponding major and minor keys are set to 1
The candidates are classified by type.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a closeness tone table which is also stored in the table memory 13. This table is a table in which which of the keys is most natural to be transposed at the time of transposing is prioritized and stored. For example, when transposing from C major (C), it is most natural to transpose into F major (F), which is the lower-general key, then G major (G), which is the major key, and A minor (Am), which is parallel key. Is continued. This table remembers this for all keys.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a dominant table. When transposing, so-called dominant motion is often passed for modulation. The dominant motion is a chord progression in which a chord of the genus 7 shifts to the main chord of the main chord of the key to be transposed. In this table, this dominant motion is stored for every key (the key to which the key is transposed).

6 and 7 are flow charts showing the key detection operation of this key detection device.

First, as an initial operation, 0 is set in the end measure register EDMJR (n1). Next, the input of data relating to the key detection is accepted (n2). The data regarding the key detection is the change symbol SIG, the number N thereof, the first bar STMJR of the detection range, and the last bar EDMJR.
Next, the key table is searched on the basis of the change symbol SIG and the number N, and major and minor candidates are calculated one by one and TNM is selected.
Set to J, TNMN (n3). Next, a specific chord is detected (n4). That is, the measures STMJR to ED
The major TNMJ or minor T in the code file between MJR
It is determined whether or not any one of the tonics (main chords), dominants (general chords), or subdominant (subordinate chords) of the NMN is included. If only one of TNMJ and TNMN is included, the key is decided. When the key is decided, the process proceeds to n9 with the judgment of n5. At n9, the determined key is displayed on the display, and the key is set to OTN (n10).

On the other hand, if the key has not been determined, the presence or absence of dominant motion is detected (n6). As described above, the dominant motion is a chord progression in which the 7th chord is changed to the main chord.
When a dominant motion having any of the above as the main chord is detected, it is determined to be that tonality. When the key is decided by this, the process proceeds to n9 by the judgment of n7. If the key is still not detected, the specific melody is detected (n8). This reads out the melody stored in the melody file between STMJR and EDMJR, and searches for the vi # or vii # sound of the minor TNMN candidate. If there is this sound, the TNMN is determined to be in the minor. If there is not this sound, it is decided to be in T major and TNMJ is decided.

That is, in the case of a minor melody, the sixth and seventh tones (So) are raised by a semitone (multiplied with #) in order to improve the connection to the upper tonic (8th note: La). It is often pronounced. On the other hand, in the case of a major key, this is not necessary because the 7th note (Si) originally has a semitone relationship with the above main note (Do). Therefore, it is possible to judge the major / minor by detecting this. After this operation, the process proceeds to n9.

After the key is stored in the OTN (n10), it waits until new data is input (n11).
If the newly input data is end data (n
12) Finish as it is. When a new measure for key detection is input, almost the same operation as described above is executed (n13 to n23). However, because the key of the previous bar has been detected and the rule of transposition works strongly for the bar group that continues, the detection of dominant motion is prioritized over the detection of specific chords.

At n13, data relating to key detection (change symbol SIG, the number N thereof, the first bar STMJR of the detection range,
When the final measure EDMJR) is input, the change symbol SI
The key table is searched based on G and the number N, and a major TNMJ candidate and a minor TNMJ candidate are determined (n14).
Next, dominant motion is detected (n15). In this case, the last code of the previous section and the first code of the current section are compared. That is, there is often a dominant motion at the time of transposing from the immediately preceding chord to the chord in the detection range this time, and if there is this, the key may be decided based on this dominant motion. When the key is decided, the process proceeds to n22 with the judgment of n16. At n22, the determined key is displayed on the display, the key is set to OTN (n23), and the process returns to n11.

On the other hand, if the key is not decided, the specific chord is detected (n17). That is, tonic,
This is the detection operation for dominant and subdominant chords. When the key is decided by this, n2 is judged by n18.
Go to 2. If the key is not decided by this, OT
From the key (previous key) stored in N to TNMJ, TNMN
When the chord progresses to the chord, the priority order is calculated from the closeness key table, and the key having the higher priority order is determined. If the key is still not determined, the tone of vi # or vii # is searched from the melody between STMJR and EDMJR to determine whether it is TNMN or TNMJ (n21). After this operation, n22
Proceed to.

By the above operation, the key is detected.

By incorporating the key detecting device of the present invention capable of detecting an accurate key in this way into, for example, an automatic arrangement device, automatic arrangement based on an accurate key can be performed.

Further, by incorporating the key detection device of the present invention into an automatic accompaniment device of an electronic musical instrument which operates in real time, it is possible to perform an automatic accompaniment based on an accurate key. In this case, the melody data may refer to those input by manual performance, and the chord data may refer to those specified manually. Therefore, in this embodiment, the key is detected by reading the data from the performance data stored in the file, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the key may be detected from the data input in real time.

At this time, the key cannot be detected until the specific performance satisfying the detection condition is performed, but until then, it suffices to tentatively use either the major or the minor as the default value.

Needless to say, the chord progression is pre-input as in the chord sequencer, and can be incorporated into a chord sequence in which only the melody is input in real time.

Although the dominant motion is used as the specific chord progression in this embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and other court progressions specific to the key may be used. Of course, this progression may be three or more chord progressions.

Further, the data stored in the file may be input by any conventional method, for example, a scanner may be used to trace and input the staff.

[0029]

As described above, according to the present invention, an accurate key can be detected even if a person who has no knowledge of music is used.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a key detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a file memory of the tuning detection device.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a table memory of the tuning detection device.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a table memory of the tuning detection device.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a table memory of the tuning detection device.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the synchronization detection device.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the synchronization detection device.

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] May 15, 1992

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0004

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

In the former case, the key detected by the automatic arrangement device is often incorrect, which causes a problem.
Further, in the latter case, automatic music arrangement cannot be performed unless there is music knowledge capable of judging the key by looking at the score. In the first place, the automatic editing device is a device that allows a user who has little music knowledge to arrange music, so the latter method is not effective.

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 2

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Fig. 2]

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A means for specifying performance information of a piece of music, a means for specifying a key signature of the piece of music, and detecting a key of the piece of music based on the specified key signature and the specified performance information. A key detection device comprising: a detection unit. 2. A means for specifying a key signature of a piece of music, a means for selecting a major and a parallel minor corresponding to the specified key as a candidate key, and a means for specifying performance information of the piece of music. Key detection device provided. 3. A means for specifying performance information of a piece of music, a means for specifying a key signature of the piece of music, a means for specifying a position of modulation, and the specified key signature and the specified performance information. A detecting means for detecting the key of the music piece based on the music piece, by referring to the performance information before the key position when detecting the key after the specified key position. A key detecting device comprising: a detecting unit that detects a rear key.