JP3275362B2 - Performance practice equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a performance training apparatus used for practicing music.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, when practicing a song, a third party evaluates whether or not the tune has been mastered by selecting a tune that matches the performance level of the trainee. The practice form of practicing the performance of songs with high scores is adopted. However, in such a practice mode, it is necessary to have a third party who can evaluate whether or not the trainee has mastered the music, and thus cannot perform self-study easily. Therefore, a performance practice device that allows performance practice of a tune stored in advance without a third party has been proposed.

[0003] In this performance practice apparatus, when a trainee selects a practice music having a difficulty level corresponding to his / her own performance level from a plurality of practice music stored with music data composed of a series of note data, the music is played. The note data constituting the music data of the practice music is read. When the trainee performs a performance operation, performance data corresponding to the performance operation is input and compared with the note data of the practice music. Is done. Then, depending on the number of mistakes, it is determined whether to practice a song having a higher difficulty level or a song having a lower difficulty level, and the music data of the difficulty level is output. By continuing the practice of the music corresponding to the data, the practice form of practicing the music of low difficulty to the music of high difficulty with the improvement of the performance level is achieved.

[0004]

However, in such a conventional performance training apparatus, both of a pitch error of a key press and a timing error are treated as a performance error without discrimination between the two. It is designed to be able to practice songs of slightly different difficulty. Therefore,
Even if it is decided to practice a song with low difficulty due to many mistakes in performance, it is possible to identify whether the mistake in performance is due to a pitch error of a key press or a timing error. It is not possible to perform effective performance practice in consideration of the type of performance mistake. Also, even if the practitioner can determine whether his or her mistake in performance is due to a pitch error of a key press or a timing error, it is only necessary to change the difficulty level of the music to be practiced. Irrespective of the type of exercise, they had to practice in the same practice form, and thus could not obtain a sufficient practice effect.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and has as its object to provide a performance practice apparatus that forms an appropriate practice form in accordance with the type of a performance error of a practicer. Things.

[0006]

According to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, there is provided storage means for storing music data including note data indicating the pitch and length of each note constituting a music; Reading means for sequentially reading the note data from the storage means, input means for inputting performance data consisting of pitches and operation timings corresponding to the operated performance operators, and performance data input from the input means. Comparing the note data read by the reading means to detect whether the pitches of the performance data and the note data do not match, and whether the operation timing of the performance data is inappropriate based on the note length of the note data; Means, the number of discrepancies in the pitch detected by the detecting means, and the operation until the reading of the note data constituting the music stored in the storage means is completed by the reading means. Counting means for counting improper number of timing, if the number of mismatches counted pitch in said counting means exceeds a predetermined value, read the note data from the storage means at this after the read means < a display means for displaying a performance operator to be operated in accordance with the pitch of the read note data; and a predetermined number of operation timing improper times of the performance data counted by the counting means. Control means for reducing the reading speed when the note data is read from the storage means by the reading means.

[0007]

In the above construction, when note data constituting a music piece is sequentially read out by the reading means, and when performance data corresponding to the operation of the performance operator operated by the input means is inputted, the detecting means switches the both. The data is compared, and it is detected whether or not the operation timing of the performance data is inappropriate based on the mismatch between the pitches of the performance data and the note data and the length of the note data. Then, the number of times the pitches do not match and the operation timing is inappropriate until the reading of all the musical note data of the music is completed is counted by the counting means. If the number of pitch mismatches exceeds a predetermined value, when the note data is subsequently read from the storage means by the reading means on the display means, the performance to be operated in accordance with the pitch of the read note data is displayed. Display controls. Therefore, the trainee who is operating the performance operator can display his / her own performance by displaying the display means.
It is possible to recognize that there are many key-pressing mistakes, and to operate the performance operator displayed by the display means, so that it is possible to practice corresponding to the reduction of key-pressing mistakes.

If the inappropriate number of operation timings exceeds a predetermined value, the reading speed is reduced by the control means when the note data is subsequently read from the storage means by the reading means. As a result, the trainee can be aware that there are many operation timing mistakes in his or her own performance , and can easily match the operation timings of the performance operators in response to the note data whose tempo has become slower, thereby eliminating operation timing mistakes. Exercise corresponding to the decrease can be performed.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. That is, FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument to which the performance training apparatus of the present invention is applied.
Data and programs stored in the working RA
Based on data or the like temporarily stored in M3, all controls necessary for this electronic musical instrument are executed. CPU1
, Operation information is input from a keyboard unit 4 and a switch unit 5, respectively. The keyboard unit 4 includes a keyboard as a performance operator and a key press detection and sound generation assignment circuit. The switch unit 5 is provided with a plurality of level selection switches, each of which corresponds to a level value operated when setting the difficulty level of the practice music, and switches necessary for an electronic musical instrument.

[0010] The timer 6 generates a clock of a constant frequency which is used for timing a key press timing error of the trainee and inputs the clock to the CPU 1. The CPU 1 controls a timer counter which counts the clock from the timer 6. Have. The tone generator 7 generates a tone signal in accordance with a tone generation instruction given by the CPU 1, and the tone signal is given to a speaker 10 via a D / A converter 8 and an amplifier 9, and is emitted to the outside by the speaker 10. You. The display unit 11
The display device 12 includes a metronome for displaying the time signature of the music by blinking an LED or the like, a navigation LED and the like which are arranged for each key of the keyboard unit 4 and illuminate and display a key to be pressed. Is composed of an LCD capable of displaying the evaluation of the performance result in characters and a circuit for driving the LCD.

[0011] The ROM 2 stores song data of a plurality of songs having different degrees of difficulty. Each song data stores a value indicating the level of the song, and the song data is stored in the format shown in FIG. The note number and note length data of the note to be composed are stored. The song data shown in FIG. 2 corresponds to the melody of FIG. 3A, in which note numbers and note length data are written alternately, and the end of the song data is an END mark 00 00 is stored. Further, the ROM 2 stores A to A shown in FIG.
Character data for displaying the character display up to F on the display device 12 is stored.

Next, a description will be given of the miscount operation of the present embodiment according to the above configuration. That is, in this embodiment, in addition to the suitability of the key to be pressed, that is, the suitability of the pitch, and the suitability of the key press timing are determined and counted. First, the appropriateness of the key to be depressed will be described.
The pitch data sequentially read from the working RAM 3, that is, the note number in FIG. 2 is stored in a pitch register in the CPU 1. On the other hand, pitch data of a depressed key is input from the keyboard section 4 as performance data, and this pitch data is stored in a pitch register different from that described above. The contents of the two registers are compared by the CPU 1, and if they do not match, it is determined that there is a key press error by the trainee, and a key press error counter provided in the working RAM 3 is counted up. .

Further, regarding the key pressing timing, a ROM
The note length data stored in pair with the note number is read out from No. 2 and stored in the note length register. The note length data is accumulated for each note, but since the accumulated value X is reset at the start of the music, it indicates the time from the start of the music to the current music position. On the other hand, when the trainee operates the keyboard section 4, the keyboard section 4 outputs the pitch data of the key depressed as described above, and at the key depressing timing, from the start of the music. The time data of the counter in the CPU 1 that is sequentially counting up is output as timing data T.

The timing data T is an allowable value t with respect to the accumulated value X of the note length data (see FIG. 3B).
It is determined whether it falls within the range. That is, using the accumulated value X of the note length data and the allowable value t, the CPU 1 calculates the upper limit allowable value X + t / 2 and the lower limit allowable value X-t / 2,
Using this, the timing data T falls within the allowable range X ± t /
2 is determined. As a result of this determination,
If the timing data T does not fall within the allowable range, a miss counter different from the above is counted up as a timing miss.

Next, the CPU according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The specific operation 1 will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. In the overall operation flow of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, m is the number of performances in units of one music, and M1
Indicates the number of key press errors, M2 indicates the number of timing errors, M indicates the reference number of times when the same music is repeated, and
Is a counter for counting the number M1 of key press errors, and a miss counter 2 is a counter for counting timing errors M2.

The overall operation flow is as follows.
2 is executed as a process of executing a program stored in the memory 2. First, an initialization process is executed to initialize flags and the like used in the present embodiment (SA1). Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the level selection switch provided in the switch unit 5 is operated (SA).
2) If operated, the number of performances m and the number of key press mistakes M
1. After the number of timing misses M2 is reset to 0 (S
A3) The music data corresponding to the level set by operating the level selection switch is transferred from the ROM 2 to the working RAM 3 (SA4). Subsequently, a miss counter measurement process is performed using the music data transferred to the working RAM 3 (SA5).

This miss counter measurement process is a process according to the flowchart shown in FIG. 7, and a miss counter 1 for counting a trainee's key press mistake and a miss counter 2 for counting a timing miss are cleared ( SB
1) Then, the aforementioned register X in the CPU 1 is reset to 0 (SB2). After the initialization process is executed by the SB1 and SB2, 1 note of data of Etude from the working RAM 3, i.e., pitch register and note at pitch data note numbers a _n and note length data B is within CPU1 Loaded into the long register (S
B3). At this time, the trainee operates the keys of the keyboard unit 4 according to the metronome of the LED of the display unit 11, or presses the keys while viewing the score as in a normal piano lesson.

Next, it is determined whether or not the loaded data for one note is data indicating the end of the music (a _n = B = 00) (SB4). It is determined whether the navigation flag set at this time is in the set state (SB5). If the navigation flag is not set, the key of the keyboard unit 4 is scanned without executing the processing of SB6 (SB7), and it is determined whether or not a key is pressed (SB8). When a key is pressed, a key pressing process is executed based on the note number (a ₁ ) of the key (SB11), and this note number (a ₁ ) is set in the pitch register. Further, whether or not the note number a ₁ of another pitch of the note of the music data read out to the register note number a _n and depressed key are equal is determined (SB12), if not equal This means that an erroneous key has been pressed, and the count value of the miss counter 1 that counts key press mistakes is counted up (S
B13). Further, in the determination of SB12, a a ₁ = a _n, if the correct key pressing is made processing proceeds to SB14 without processing SB13 are executed.

On the other hand, if there is no key depression in the determination of SB8, as described with reference to FIG.
It is determined whether or not t / 2 has been exceeded (SB9). If the determination is NO and the value does not exceed the upper limit allowable value, the process returns to SB7 and waits for further key depression. On the other hand, when the timing data T is equal to or larger than the upper limit allowable value (section in FIG. 3), the determination in SB9 is YES.
Thereby, it is detected that the trainee does not press the key when the key should be pressed, and the process proceeds to SB10, where the count value of the miss counter 2 for counting the timing mistake is counted up.

Subsequently, the value of the accumulated value X is changed to CP
The note length data B set in the register in U1 is added to obtain a new accumulated value X corresponding to the point in FIG. 3 (SB14). Next, the key of the keyboard unit 4 is scanned (S
B15) It is determined whether or not a key is pressed (SB1).
6) If this determination is YES, the the tone is sounded depressed processing is executed in note number a ₂ based on the key depression (SB18).

However, in this case, the next note data is RO
Before reading from M2, there is a key depression earlier than the note in the musical score (FIG. 3 (a)). Therefore, also in this case, the miss counter 2 for counting timing errors is counted up (SB19). If the determination in SB16 is NO, there is no key depression, and it is determined whether or not the key is released (SB17). If the determination is YES, a key release process (SB20) is executed to instruct the musical sound generation unit 7 to stop sounding. If the determination is NO, the process proceeds to SB21.

Then, SB18, SB19 or SB2
After the processing of 0, in SB21, the difference X-t / 2 obtained by subtracting 1/2 of the allowable value t from the above-mentioned accumulated value X of the note length is set as the lower limit allowable value, and the timing data T indicating the current time is set. Is determined to be equal to or more than the lower limit allowable value X-t / 2. When the timing data T is lower limit allowable value Xt
During the period smaller than / 2 (point in FIG. 3), the determination at SB21 is NO, and the process returns to SB15 to wait for the next key press. Therefore, during that time, SB15 → SB16 → SB17 → SB21
→ The loop of SB15 is repeated, and the timing data T
Is greater than or equal to the lower limit allowable value Xt / 2, the determination in SB21 is YES, and the process returns to SB3.

In SB3 again, the working RAM 3
The song data for the next note of the practice song is loaded,
The processing of the loop including SB9 is repeated from point to point in FIG. Whether the note numbers a _n pitch a ₁ and note data key pressing is correct is determined, also the count of miss counter 2 Without depressed is counted up if there is depressed during . Then, FIG.
After point (b), it is determined from SB15 to SB21 to SB15 whether there is an extra new key depression until a point t / 2 before the next sound (point in FIG. 3B). It is determined by the loop processing.

As described above, every time the music data is loaded one note at a time, X in SB14 is updated by the accumulated value of the note length of the music data. This is performed depending on whether or not the data T is within the allowable range for X. Also, SB
If the read tune data is the last part of the tune in step 4, this determination becomes YES, and the process returns to the main routine shown in FIGS.

Then, in the main routine of FIG.
In SA6 subsequent to the above, the count value of the miss counter 1 that counts the key press mistakes is added to the previous key press miss count M1, and is set as a new key press miss count M1. Furthermore, S
At A7, the count value of the miss counter 2 that counts the timing error is accumulated to the number of timing errors M2 up to the present time, and is set as a new number of timing errors M2, and the number m of performances is subsequently incremented (SA8).

Next, it is determined whether or not the number of performances m exceeds the reference number M (SA9).
In the following cases, the process returns to SA2. If the level selection switch is not operated when the determination process from SA2 is executed, the corresponding music data of the same level as the previous time is read and transferred to the working RAM 3 (SA4). The miss counter measurement process is executed (S
A5). Therefore, the determination of SA9 becomes YES and m
The miss counter measurement process (M + 1 times) until> M
A5) will be executed.

Then, in SA10 following SA9, M +
The accumulated value M1 of one key press error is a predetermined maximum value Max1.
It is determined whether or not the sum is greater than or equal to the above. If the accumulated value M1 of the key press mistakes is equal to or greater than a predetermined maximum value Max1, further M +
The accumulated value M2 of one timing error is a predetermined maximum value M
It is determined whether the value is equal to or more than ax2 (SA11). S
The determinations of A10 and SA11 are both YES, the accumulated value M1 of the key press error is equal to or more than the predetermined maximum value Max1, and the accumulated value M2 of the timing error is the predetermined maximum value Max.
If the number is two or more, both the key press and the timing are inappropriate, and the difficulty level of this practice song can be determined to be too high for the trainee. Therefore, in this case, the level value is lowered (SA12), m, M1, and M2 are reset (SA13), and the A display shown in FIG. Will be displayed on the display device 12 for a certain period of time.

Therefore, when the determination process is executed again by returning to SA2, SA4 is read from ROM2 in advance at SA4.
After the music data corresponding to the downed level is read out and transferred to the working RAM 3, a miss counter measurement process (SA5) is executed. Therefore, SA10 and S
If the determinations of A11 are both YES, the tune corresponding to the tune data that is sequentially downgraded is practiced.

If the determination of SA10 is NO and the accumulated value M1 of the key press error is less than the predetermined maximum value Max1, that is, if the key press is proper, the SA
From 10 to SA15, the accumulated value of the timing error M
It is determined whether or not 2 is equal to or less than a predetermined maximum value Max2. If the determination at SA15 is YES, both the key press and the timing are proper, and the player can master the practice music of this level. In this case, the level value is increased (SA15), and m, M1, M
2 is reset (SA16), and the display B shown in FIG. 4 "Done well. Next time, let's play a more difficult song" is displayed on the display device 12 for a certain period of time.

Therefore, when the determination process is executed again by returning to SA2, SA4 is read from ROM2 in advance at SA4.
After the music data corresponding to the level raised in the step is read and transferred to the working RAM 3, the miss counter measurement process (SA5) is executed. Therefore, when the determination of SA10 is NO and the determination of SA15 is YES, the tune corresponding to the tune data that is sequentially upgraded is practiced.

If the determination in SA10 is NO,
If the determination of No. 15 is also NO, the accumulated value M1 of the key press error is less than the predetermined maximum value Max1, but the accumulated value M2 of the timing error exceeds the predetermined maximum value Max2. , Key-depression is appropriate, but timing is inappropriate. In this case, the process proceeds from SA15 in FIG. 5 to SA27 in FIG. 6, and it is determined whether or not a tempo flag described later is in a set state. It is set (SA28). Subsequently, m, M1, and M2 are reset (SA29), and the display E shown in FIG. 4 "There are many timing mistakes. Let's play slowly next time" is displayed on the display device 12 for a certain period of time. (SA3
0).

Here, the tempo data processed in SA28 is the number of beats per minute. Therefore, when this tempo data is reduced, the number of beats per minute is reduced and the tempo is slowed down. That is, the flowchart shown in FIG. 8 is a timer interrupt routine that interrupts the main routine shown in FIGS. In this timer interrupt routine, tempo data is accumulated (SC1), and it is determined whether or not the accumulated value is equal to or greater than a predetermined value t1 (SC2). Then, the value of T shown in FIG. 3B is counted up. At this time, since the tempo data is reduced, the interrupt cycle of the timer interrupt routine is lengthened, thereby reducing the speed at which T is counted up.

Therefore, after the process of SA28 in FIG. 6 is executed, when the process returns from SA30 to SA2 in FIG. 5 and the miss counter measurement process of SA5 is executed, the music of the next note is executed in SB3 in FIG. period and note number a _n and note length data B of data is loaded into the pitch register and note length register in CPU1 becomes long, the song data is read at a slower tempo. Therefore, the practicer can perform a practice operation for the timing error by performing the performance operation in accordance with the slow tempo.

However, even if the tempo is reduced in this way, similarly, if the determinations of SA10 and SA15 are both NO, and the key is depressed but the timing is incorrect, FIG. The process proceeds from SA15 to SA27 in FIG. 6 to determine whether or not the tempo flag is set.
At this time, since the tempo flag is set in SA27 described above, the determination in SA27 is YES. Therefore, the process proceeds from SA27 to SA31 to reset the tempo flag and return the tempo data to the original value. Subsequently, the level value is decreased (SA3
2), m, M1, and M2 are reset (SA)
33), the F display shown in FIG. 4 "There are still many timing mistakes. The song will be made easier" is displayed on the display device 12 for a certain period of time (SA34).

Therefore, SA 34 shown in FIG.
When the determination process is executed after returning to step 2, the ROM is read in SA4.
2 is read out from the working RAM 3 with low difficulty song data corresponding to the level previously lowered in SA 32.
Then, the miss counter measurement process (SA5) is executed. Therefore, if both SA10 and SA15 are NO and SA27 is YES, that is, if the timing is slow but there are still many timing mistakes, the level of the trainee has reached the difficulty level. As a result, a less difficult song corresponding to the song data to be leveled down is practiced.

On the other hand, if the determination in SA10 is YES and S
When the determination of A11 is NO, the accumulated value M1 of the key press error is equal to or more than the predetermined maximum value Max1, but the accumulated value M2 of the timing error is less than the predetermined maximum value Max2, and the timing is It is correct but the keypress is incorrect. In such a case, the process proceeds from SA11 to SA19, and it is determined whether or not a navigation flag described later is in a set state.
If not, the navigation flag is set (SA
20). Subsequently, m, M1, and M2 are reset (SA21), and the display C shown in FIG. 4 "There are many key press mistakes. Next, let's play along with the navigator." (SA2
2).

As described above, when the navigation flag is set in SA20, the process returns from SA22 to SA2, and when the miss counter measurement process of SA5 is executed, the SB5 of FIG.
When it is determined whether or not the navigation flag is in the set state, the determination is YES. Therefore, SA5 to SA5
Navigator LED of which corresponds to the note number a _n note data proceeds to 6 is turned on. Therefore, FIG.
Misses in the state in which the counter measurement process is being executed, the LED for the navigator provided for each key on the display unit 11, LED display section 11 corresponding to the note number a _n loaded in SB3 shown in Lights up sequentially from the processing of SB6. Therefore, the trainee is instructed by the lighting of the LED of a key to be pressed, and an effective training mode can be formed for a trainee who has many keypress mistakes and has inappropriate keypresses.

However, even if the LEDs of the navigator are sequentially turned on to indicate the key to be pressed, the SA
The determination at 10 is YES, the determination at SA11 is NO,
If the timing is correct but the key press is incorrect, the process proceeds from SA11 to SA19 again to determine whether or not the navigation flag is set. At this time, since the navigation flag has been set by the processing of SA20 described above, this determination is YES. Therefore, SA
From 19 to SA23, the navigation flag is reset, and m, M1, and M2 are reset (SA2
4). Subsequently, the level value is lowered (SA25),
The display D shown in FIG. 4 shows that "there are too many keypress mistakes. Let's practice with easier songs next time" on the display device 12 for a certain period of time (SA26).

Therefore, when the determination process is executed after returning from SA26 to SA2 again, in SA4, the music data corresponding to the level previously lowered in SA32 is read from the ROM 2 and transferred to the working RAM 3, and then the miss counter is read. The measurement process (SA5) is executed. Therefore, the determination of SA10 is YES, the determination of SA11 is NO,
If the determination of SA19 is YES, that is, if the LED of the navigator is turned on to indicate a key to be pressed, but there are still many keypress mistakes, the level of the trainee has reached the difficulty level. As a result, a less difficult song corresponding to the song data to be leveled down is practiced. At this time, since the navigation flag is reset in SA23, the determination of SB5 is NO in the miss counter measurement process shown in FIG.
The less difficult song is practiced without turning on.

[0040]

As described above, the present invention detects an error relating to the pitch of the operated performance operator and an error relating to the operation timing, and when the error relating to the pitch exceeds a predetermined value, performs the next performance. In this case, the display means for displaying the performance operator to be operated based on the pitch of the note data of the music is operated, and when the number of mistakes relating to the operation timing exceeds a predetermined value, the reading speed of the note data is reduced. I did it. Thus, the learner is aware of the mistakes on the pitch by the display operation of the display means, be aware of the operation timing errors due to a change in the reading speed of the note data, practice
Can be performed. In other words, mistakes related to the pitch multi
In this case, the display means indicates the operator to be played, so that a practice mode corresponding to this is formed. If there are many operation timing errors , the practice mode corresponding to this is reduced by lowering the tempo. Is formed. Therefore, it is possible to form a practice form corresponding to the type of each mistake and to obtain a better practice effect by the consciousness of the practicer.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a memory format of music data of each embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of music and a timing at the time of key depression.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a display mode displayed on the display device of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a part of the entire operation of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart following the flowchart shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the contents of a miss counter measurement process of the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a timer interrupt routine of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 CPU 2 ROM 3 Working RAM 4 Keyboard part 11 Display part 12 Display device

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A storage means for storing music data comprising note data indicating a pitch and a pitch of each note constituting a music piece; a reading means for sequentially reading out the note data from the storage means; Input means for inputting performance data comprising a pitch corresponding to an operator and operation timing; comparing performance data input from the input means with note data read by the reading means; Detecting means for detecting whether or not the operation timing of the performance data is inappropriate based on the pitch mismatch between the note data and the note data, and the musical piece stored in the storage means by the reading means. Counting means for counting the number of inconsistencies in pitch detected by the detection means and the inappropriate number of operation timings until reading of the note data to be constituted is completed; If the number of counted pitch mismatch with cement means exceeds a predetermined value, when reading the note data from said memory means by said reading means Thereafter, corresponding to the pitch of the note data read out said Display means for displaying a performance operator to be operated by the user; and, if the operation timing improper number of the performance data counted by the counting means exceeds a predetermined value, thereafter, the reading means reads from the storage means. when the reading out of <br/> note data, performance practice apparatus characterized by and a control means for reducing the reading speed.