JP3272746B2 - Diesel particulate filter - Google Patents
Diesel particulate filterInfo
- Publication number
- JP3272746B2 JP3272746B2 JP17995591A JP17995591A JP3272746B2 JP 3272746 B2 JP3272746 B2 JP 3272746B2 JP 17995591 A JP17995591 A JP 17995591A JP 17995591 A JP17995591 A JP 17995591A JP 3272746 B2 JP3272746 B2 JP 3272746B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- exhaust gas
- pore diameter
- particulates
- diesel particulate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明はディーゼルエンジンの排
気ガス中に含まれるパティキュレート（黒煙、微粒子及
びＳＯＦ等）を捕集するためのフィルタに関するもので
ある。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a filter for collecting particulates (black smoke, fine particles, SOF, etc.) contained in exhaust gas of a diesel engine.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】ディー
ゼルエンジンの排気ガス中に含まれるパティキュレート
は平均粒子径が０．１μｍ〜０．３μｍであって、非常
に微細である。従って、この粒子を捕集するフィルタの
平均気孔径も小さいことが好ましい。しかしウォールフ
ロー型のモノリスフィルタでは、気孔径が小さくなると
フィルタ内壁を排気ガスが通過する場合の圧力損失が極
端に大きくなって、エンジンを停止させてしまうという
虞れがある。2. Description of the Related Art Particulates contained in exhaust gas of a diesel engine have an average particle diameter of 0.1 μm to 0.3 μm and are very fine. Therefore, it is preferable that the average pore diameter of the filter that collects the particles is also small. However, in the wall flow type monolith filter, when the pore diameter becomes small, the pressure loss when the exhaust gas passes through the inner wall of the filter becomes extremely large, and there is a possibility that the engine is stopped.
【０００３】また、一般に使用されているコージエライ
ト製のハニカムフィルタでは、圧力損失を低くするため
に造孔剤が添加され、これによりフィルタ内に２０μｍ
〜１００μｍ程度の大きな気孔を形成している。しか
し、このように大きな気孔が混在するフィルタでは、パ
ティキュレートの捕集に適した大きさの気孔の数は、相
対的に少なくなってしまう。従って、パティキュレート
の捕集効率の低下が避けられない。[0003] In a generally used honeycomb filter made of cordierite, a pore-forming agent is added in order to reduce pressure loss.
Large pores of about 100 μm are formed. However, in such a filter in which large pores are mixed, the number of pores having a size suitable for collecting particulates becomes relatively small. Therefore, a reduction in particulate collection efficiency is inevitable.
【０００４】本発明は上記の事情を考慮し、かつ限られ
た狭い範囲内に気孔径が分布すれば捕集効率が向上する
という知見に基づいてなされたものであって、その目的
は、圧力損失が低く、かつ捕集効率の高いディーゼルパ
ティキュレートフィルタを提供することである。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has been made based on the finding that if the pore diameter is distributed within a limited narrow range, the trapping efficiency is improved. An object of the present invention is to provide a diesel particulate filter having low loss and high collection efficiency.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段及び作用】前記課題を解決
するために、本発明はハニカム状をなす多孔質焼結体で
あって、水銀圧入法によって測定された気孔径の平均値
が１μｍ〜１５μｍの範囲内にあり、その気孔径を常用
対数で表した場合の気孔径分布における標準偏差の値が
０．２０以下であることとした。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a honeycomb-shaped porous sintered body.
There are, there average pore diameter measured by mercury porosimetry in the range of 1Myuemu～15myuemu, the value of the standard deviation in pore size distribution when expressed the pore diameter in common logarithm 0.20 or less I decided to be.
【０００６】この程度の気孔径は、微細なパティキュレ
ートの捕集に好適な大きさであることが知られており、
従って、平均気孔径を上記範囲内に設定することで、パ
ティキュレートを確実に捕集することができる。気孔径
の平均値が１μｍ未満であると、内壁を排気ガスが通過
する際の圧力損失が極端に大きくなり、エンジンの停止
を引き起こしかねない。また、気孔径の平均値が１５μ
ｍであると、微細なパティキュレートを効率よく捕集す
ることができない。It is known that such a pore size is suitable for collecting fine particulates.
Therefore, by setting the average pore diameter within the above range, particulates can be reliably collected. If the average value of the pore diameter is less than 1 μm, the pressure loss when the exhaust gas passes through the inner wall becomes extremely large, which may cause the engine to stop. Further, the average value of the pore diameter is 15 μm.
If it is m, fine particulates cannot be collected efficiently.
【０００７】また、前記気孔径分布における標準偏差の
値が０．２０以下の場合、即ち、気孔径が限られた狭い
範囲内に分布する場合には、捕集好適範囲にある気孔の
数が相対的に多くなる。従って、従来よりも圧力損失が
低く、かつ捕集効率を高くすることができる。When the value of the standard deviation in the pore size distribution is 0.20 or less, that is, when the pore size is distributed within a limited narrow range, the number of pores in the preferable collection range is reduced. Relatively high. Therefore, the pressure loss can be reduced and the collection efficiency can be increased as compared with the related art.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】以下に本発明を排気ガス浄化装置に具体化し
た一実施例について、図１〜図３を参照しながら詳しく
説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in an exhaust gas purifying apparatus will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
【０００９】図１に示すように、排気ガス浄化装置１は
金属パイプ製のケーシング２を備え、そのケーシング２
の通路２ａがディーゼルエンジンＥの排気管路Ｅａに接
続されている。このケーシング２内にはディーゼルエン
ジンＥから放出される排気ガスを浄化するためのディー
ゼルパティキュレートフィルタ３が配設されている。ま
た、排気管路Ｅａ内には再生処理用のバーナー４が装着
されている。As shown in FIG. 1, an exhaust gas purifying apparatus 1 includes a casing 2 made of a metal pipe.
Is connected to the exhaust pipe Ea of the diesel engine E. A diesel particulate filter 3 for purifying exhaust gas emitted from the diesel engine E is disposed in the casing 2. Further, a burner 4 for regeneration processing is mounted in the exhaust pipe Ea.
【００１０】図２に示すように、このフィルタ３は、例
えば炭化珪素焼結体等の多孔質焼結体によってハニカム
状に形成され、全体として円柱状（本実施例では長さ１
５０mm、外径１４０mm）を呈している。このフィルタ３
の軸線方向には複数の中空部５ａ，５ｂが形成されてお
り、各中空部５ａ，５ｂはフィルタ３の両端部にて開口
している。各中空部５ａ，５ｂの排気ガス流入側及び流
出側の何れかの端部開口は、多孔質焼結体からなる厚さ
５mmの封止片６によって閉塞される。この封止片６の閉
塞によって、流入側に開口するセル７ａと流出側に開口
するセル７ｂとが形成されている。各セル７ａ，７ｂは
内壁８（本実施例では壁厚０．４３μｍ）を介して互い
に隣接しており、内壁８の外面には白金族元素やその他
の金属元素及びその酸化物等からなる酸化触媒が担持さ
れている。尚、本実施例のフィルタ３では、両端面にお
けるセル密度が、それぞれ１７０個／平方インチに設定
されている。As shown in FIG. 2, this filter 3 is formed in a honeycomb shape by a porous sintered body such as a silicon carbide sintered body, and has a columnar shape (length 1 in this embodiment).
50 mm, outer diameter 140 mm). This filter 3
A plurality of hollow portions 5a, 5b are formed in the axial direction of the filter 3, and each hollow portion 5a, 5b is open at both ends of the filter 3. Either end opening of each of the hollow portions 5a and 5b on the exhaust gas inflow side and the outflow side is closed by a sealing piece 6 made of a porous sintered body and having a thickness of 5 mm. Due to the closing of the sealing piece 6, a cell 7a opening to the inflow side and a cell 7b opening to the outflow side are formed. The cells 7a and 7b are adjacent to each other via an inner wall 8 (in this embodiment, a wall thickness of 0.43 μm). A catalyst is supported. In the filter 3 of the present embodiment, the cell density at both end faces is set to 170 cells / square inch.
【００１１】また、図３のグラフにおいて曲線Ｃ1 で示
すように、本実施例のフィルタ３は水銀圧入法によって
測定された気孔径の平均値ｍ1 が７μｍであり、かつそ
の気孔径を常用対数で表した場合の気孔径分布における
標準偏差の値ＳＤ1 が０．１２となるように製造され
る。As shown by the curve C 1 in the graph of FIG. 3, the filter 3 of this embodiment has an average pore diameter m 1 measured by a mercury intrusion method of 7 μm and uses the pore diameter as a regular value. value SD 1 of the standard deviation in pore diameter distribution when expressed in logarithmic are produced to an 0.12.
【００１２】このようなフィルタ３を製造するための原
料としては、例えば、平均粒子径が１１μｍのα型炭化
珪素粉末２０重量部に、平均粒子径が０．３μｍのβ型
炭化珪素粉末８０重量部、バインダーとしてのメチルセ
ルロース６重量部、潤滑剤１重量部及び水２０重量部を
配合したものが用いられる。この配合物は混練された
後、押し出し成形によってハニカム状に成形される。そ
して、この成形物を乾燥・脱脂した後、窒素雰囲気下に
て１７００℃、４時間にわたって仮焼成する。その後、
前記中空部５ａ，５ｂを封止する。更に窒素雰囲気下に
て２０００℃、４時間の本焼成を経て所望のフィルタ３
が製造される。As raw materials for producing such a filter 3, for example, 20 parts by weight of α-type silicon carbide powder having an average particle diameter of 11 μm and 80 parts by weight of β-type silicon carbide powder having an average particle diameter of 0.3 μm In addition, a mixture of 6 parts by weight of methylcellulose as a binder, 1 part by weight of a lubricant and 20 parts by weight of water is used. After this compound is kneaded, it is formed into a honeycomb shape by extrusion. After drying and degreasing the molded product, the molded product is preliminarily fired at 1700 ° C. for 4 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere. afterwards,
The hollow portions 5a and 5b are sealed. Further, after sintering at 2000 ° C. for 4 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere, the desired filter 3
Is manufactured.
【００１３】次に、上記のように構成されたフィルタ３
の排気ガス浄化作用及びフィルタ３の再生について説明
する。フィルタ３を前記ケーシング２内に配置して、排
気ガスを流通させると、排気ガスは先ず流入側の各端部
開口を介して各セル７ａ内に流入すると共に、内壁８を
介して流出側に開口する隣接のセル７ｂ側より排出す
る。排気ガス内のパティキュレートは、排気ガスが内壁
８を通過する際にトラップされ、これにより排気ガスの
浄化が行われる。また、フィルタ３内のパティキュレー
ト捕集量が一定値に達すると、バーナー４が点火され、
フィルタ３の加熱が開始される。そして、フィルタ３に
担持された触媒の作用により、フィルタ３内のパティキ
ュレートが燃焼され、フィルタ３が元の状態に再生され
る。Next, the filter 3 constructed as described above is used.
Exhaust gas purifying action and regeneration of the filter 3 will be described. When the filter 3 is disposed in the casing 2 and the exhaust gas is allowed to flow, the exhaust gas first flows into each cell 7 a through each end opening on the inflow side, and flows out to the outflow side through the inner wall 8. It is discharged from the side of the cell 7b adjacent to the opening. The particulates in the exhaust gas are trapped when the exhaust gas passes through the inner wall 8, thereby purifying the exhaust gas. When the amount of trapped particulates in the filter 3 reaches a certain value, the burner 4 is ignited,
The heating of the filter 3 is started. Then, the particulates in the filter 3 are burned by the action of the catalyst carried on the filter 3, and the filter 3 is regenerated to its original state.
【００１４】以上のように形成された本実施例のフィル
タ３の特性を検討するために、パティキュレートの捕集
率及び圧力損失についての調査を行った。前者について
は、フィルタ３の装着前後において、そのフィルタ３を
装着位置を通過した排出ガス内に含まれるパティキュレ
ートを濾紙に吸着させ、その濾紙の反射率（％）をＪＩ
Ｓ−Ｄ１１０１に従い、スモークテスターを用いて光学
的に測定した。後者については、フィルタ３装着状態に
おいて、フィルタ３の排気ガス流入側と流出側との圧力
差（mmＨｇ）を捕集開始６０分後に測定した。更に、本
実施例に対する比較例として、コージエライト製であり
かつ同形状及び同サイズのフィルタを用い、同様の調査
を行った。尚、図３において曲線Ｃ2 で示されるよう
に、このコージエライト製フィルタでは、水銀圧入法に
よって測定された気孔径の平均値ｍ 2 は１４μｍであ
り、かつその気孔径を常用対数で表した場合の気孔径分
布における標準偏差の値ＳＤ2 は０．４０であった。こ
れらのフィルタについての調査結果を表１に示す。The fill of the present embodiment formed as described above
Collection of particulates to study the characteristics of
Investigations were made on the rate and pressure loss. About the former
Before and after mounting the filter 3
Particulates contained in exhaust gas passing through the mounting position
Adsorbed on the filter paper, and the reflectance (%) of the filter paper was determined by JI
According to S-D1101, using a smoke tester
Was measured. For the latter, filter 3
And the pressure between the exhaust gas inflow side and the outflow side of the filter 3
The difference (mmHg) was measured 60 minutes after the start of collection. Furthermore, the book
As a comparative example with respect to the example, it is made of cordierite.
The same investigation using filters of the same shape and size
Was done. Note that, in FIG.TwoAs shown by
In addition, this cordierite filter uses the mercury intrusion method.
Therefore, the average value m of the measured pore diameters TwoIs 14 μm
And the pore diameter when the pore diameter is represented by a common logarithm
Standard deviation value SD in clothTwoWas 0.40. This
Table 1 shows the results of a survey on these filters.
【００１５】[0015]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１６】この表１から明らかなように、ケーシング
２内にフィルタを装着することなく、排気ガス中のパテ
ィキュレートが全て排出される状態にて測定された濾紙
の反射率は、何れも４０％であった。次に、各フィルタ
を装着した状態における反射率は、実施例では０％であ
ったのに対して、比較例では１０％であった。この結果
から明らかなように、実施例のフィルタによればパティ
キュレートを完全に除去することが可能であり、比較例
のフィルタより捕集能力が優れていることが判明した。As is apparent from Table 1, the reflectance of the filter paper measured in a state where all the particulates in the exhaust gas are discharged without mounting a filter in the casing 2 is 40%. Met. Next, the reflectance in the state where each filter was mounted was 0% in the example, but was 10% in the comparative example. As is evident from the results, it was found that the particulates could be completely removed by the filter of the example, and the trapping ability was superior to that of the filter of the comparative example.
【００１７】また、各フィルタの排気ガス流入側と流出
側との圧力差については、実施例では６０mmＨｇと低い
値であったのに対して、比較例では１２０mmＨｇと２倍
の値を示した。このように比較例より圧力損失が小さい
という点においても、本実施例のフィルタ３の優秀性が
示された。The pressure difference between the exhaust gas inflow side and the outflow side of each filter was as low as 60 mmHg in the example, and twice as large as 120 mmHg in the comparative example. The superiority of the filter 3 of this example was also shown in that the pressure loss was smaller than that of the comparative example.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】以上詳述したように、本発明のディーゼ
ルパティキュレートフィルタによれば、圧力損失が低
く、かつ捕集効率を向上させることができるという優れ
た効果を奏する。As described above in detail, according to the diesel particulate filter of the present invention, there are excellent effects that the pressure loss is low and the trapping efficiency can be improved.
【図１】 この発明を具体化した一実施例におけるディ
ーゼルパティキュレートフィルタの装着状態を示す部分
正断面図である。FIG. 1 is a partial front sectional view showing a mounted state of a diesel particulate filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】 図１のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ
の部分拡大断面図である。FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the diesel particulate filter of FIG.
【図３】 実施例及び比較例のフィルタの気孔径分布状
態を示すグラフである。FIG. 3 is a graph showing pore size distribution states of filters of an example and a comparative example.
ｍ1 水銀圧入法によって測定された気孔径の平均値、
ＳＤ1 気孔径を常用対数で表した場合の気孔径分布に
おける標準偏差の値。m 1 average pore size measured by mercury intrusion method,
SD 1 The value of the standard deviation in the pore size distribution when the pore size is represented by a common logarithm.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B01D 39/20 B01D 46/00 302 F01N 3/02 301 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) B01D 39/20 B01D 46/00 302 F01N 3/02 301
Claims (1)
て、水銀圧入法によって測定された気孔径の平均値（ｍ
1）が１μｍ〜１５μｍの範囲内にあり、その気孔径を
常用対数で表した場合の気孔径分布における標準偏差の
値（ＳＤ1）が０．２０以下であることを特徴とするデ
ィーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。1. A porous sintered body having a honeycomb shape.
And the average value of the pore diameters measured by the mercury intrusion method (m
1) is in the range of 1 μm to 15 μm, and the standard deviation value (SD1) in the pore diameter distribution when the pore diameter is represented by a common logarithm is 0.20 or less. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17995591A JP3272746B2 (en) | 1991-07-19 | 1991-07-19 | Diesel particulate filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17995591A JP3272746B2 (en) | 1991-07-19 | 1991-07-19 | Diesel particulate filter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0523512A JPH0523512A (en) | 1993-02-02 |
| JP3272746B2 true JP3272746B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 |
Family
ID=16074887
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17995591A Expired - Fee Related JP3272746B2 (en) | 1991-07-19 | 1991-07-19 | Diesel particulate filter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3272746B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009004912A1 (en) | 2007-07-03 | 2009-01-08 | Tyk Corporation | Honeycomb structure |
| KR20110048506A (en) * | 2008-07-28 | 2011-05-11 | 히타치 긴조쿠 가부시키가이샤 | Ceramic honeycomb structure and its manufacturing method |
| EP2556876A1 (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2013-02-13 | NGK Insulators, Ltd. | Exhaust gas purification filter |
| EP2556875A1 (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2013-02-13 | NGK Insulators, Ltd. | Exhaust gas purification filter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002530175A (en) | 1998-11-20 | 2002-09-17 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | Catalyst-carrying filter |
| JP4642955B2 (en) | 1999-06-23 | 2011-03-02 | イビデン株式会社 | Catalyst support and method for producing the same |
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| JP3756721B2 (en) * | 2000-03-24 | 2006-03-15 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification filter |
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- 1991-07-19 JP JP17995591A patent/JP3272746B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| KR20110048506A (en) * | 2008-07-28 | 2011-05-11 | 히타치 긴조쿠 가부시키가이샤 | Ceramic honeycomb structure and its manufacturing method |
| KR101648483B1 (en) | 2008-07-28 | 2016-08-16 | 히타치 긴조쿠 가부시키가이샤 | Ceramic honeycomb structure and process for producing the same |
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