JP3268718B2 - Grinding wheel - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grinding wheel used for a surface grinder.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A wheel shown in FIG. 8 is known as a grinding wheel used in a conventional grinding machine of this kind. That is, it is a grinding wheel provided with a ring-shaped grinding wheel 2 having a trapezoidal cross section on the outer periphery of the disk-shaped wheel 1.

When the side surface of the work W or the side surface of the groove 3 of the work W is ground, the lower edge portion of the grindstone 2 is brought into line contact with the side surface of the work W as shown in FIG. . Then, the side surface is ground in the front-rear direction by traversing the front and rear of the grinding wheel 2 (or the work W).
Is lowered by a predetermined amount, and traverses back and forth again. By repeating this operation, side grinding is performed.

In this case, the surface of the work W is
It is scraped off by the edge part of. At that time, whetstone 2
Since the cross-sectional shape is trapezoidal, the skirt portion 4 serves as a chip escape, and smooth grinding can be performed without clogging.

[0005]

By the way, as described above, in the conventional wheel grindstone, the surface of the work W is scraped off by the edge portion of the grindstone 2, but as the grinding proceeds, the edge portion becomes worn. And it becomes round. As a result, as the side of the work W moves downward, the side of the work W is inclined with respect to a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the wheel 1.
As shown in FIG. 9, there is a problem that the corners are drooped and it is not possible to sharpen the corners of the grooves 3 sharply.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem. The purpose is to provide a grindstone wheel that can grind the side surface to a smooth plane even if the grindstone wears out, and for example, in the processing of grooves, can perform sharp corner processing at right angles. is there.

[0007]

To achieve the above object, according to the solution to ## in the invention described in claim 1, the grinding surface of the annular grinding wheel is supported on the outer circumference of the wheel, definitive on the side of the grinding wheel
In the grinding wheel, wherein the grinding of the workpiece is performed, the grinding wheel is rotated in the rotation direction of the wheel with respect to the radial direction.
A plurality of grooves inclined to the side are provided on the grinding surface, and the grinding wheel is
So that whetstones of different hardness are joined in the radial direction of the whetstone
Construct and join a hard whetstone to the outer circumference of the whetstone
The grinding wheel is configured such that the grinding surface of the wheel is in contact with the workpiece at one side of the cross section .
Form parallel to a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation
On the other hand, the rotation of the wheel on the hard grinding wheel
Angled to a plane perpendicular to the axis
You .

In the invention described in claim 2, the cross-sectional shape of the grinding stone is substantially a parallelogram, and a clearance angle is formed on the outer peripheral surface. In the invention described in claim 3, the angle formed on the grinding surface of the hard whetstone is 5 ° to 20 °.
The range is .

In the invention described in claim 4, the grinding wheel
The groove provided on the ground surface is chamfered at the edge of the groove . In the invention described in claim 5, the whetstone
Consists of two types of grindstones of different hardness,
The ratio of the thickness of the whetstone to the soft whetstone is 1:10
I have .

Accordingly, in the invention described in each claim,
The grindstone is formed in a shape that makes surface contact with the work on one side of the cross section, and it grinds the work on that surface. It only wears. Therefore, the grinding wheel always grinds the surface in contact with the surface to be ground, the side surface of the work is finished in a plane almost parallel to the plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the wheel, and the groove has a right angle with sharp corners Processing can be performed. More than one with different hardness
Roughened with a hard whetstone, for example,
Or finishing with a softer whetstone at a time.
I can. In addition, the angle of the grinding
As a result, the shock during roughing is reduced. Ma
Also, the grinding fluid is reliably supplied to the surface to be ground through the grooves on the surface to be ground.
And the grooves facilitate chip evacuation. In addition,
The edge of the groove also grinds the workpiece. Therefore, cooling performance
And chip removal performance and cutting efficiency
You.

In particular, according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the cross-sectional shape of the grinding stone is substantially a parallel square, the clearance angle of the outer peripheral surface improves the chip discharging performance.

[0012] In the invention described in claim 4, switching
Cutting resistance can be further reduced, and shock during machining is also reduced
I need less .

[0013]

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First Embodiment A first embodiment as a reference example related to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the grinding wheel 5 of this embodiment has a wheel 6 having a hole 20 at the center.
And a grindstone 7 and a grindstone 8. Whetstone 7
Is fixed to the outer periphery of the wheel 6, and both edge portions of the outer peripheral end of the grindstone base metal 7 are cut out in a parallelogram so that the grindstone 8 is fitted in an uneven relationship. Also,
A recess 19 is formed at an intermediate portion of the grindstone 7 in the axial direction. Therefore, when dressing the tapered portion with a dresser, the grindstone base metal 7 does not interfere.

In the two ring-shaped grinding wheels 8 having a parallelogram cross section, one of the four sides of the cross section forms a ground surface 9. The grindstone 8 is fitted and supported in a notched portion of the grindstone base metal 7 in an uneven relationship so that the grinding surface 9 is parallel to a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis. In the cross-sectional shape of the grindstone 8, the clearance angle of the parallelogram, that is, the angle X formed by the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 8 with respect to a plane parallel to the rotation axis is 5 ° to 45 ° (preferably 15 ° to 30 °). Is formed. The tapered portion 10 improves the chip dischargeability when the grindstone 8 grinds the work W.

Here, the grinding wheel 8 of the grinding wheel 5 is actually used.
Is not a perfect parallelogram. The ground surface 9 is positioned at 0.
It has an angle of 5 ° to 10 ° (preferably 3 ° to 5 °). This angle is provided for convenience so that dressing can be easily performed with a dresser before use of the grindstone 8. The grindstone wheel 5 configured as described above is mounted on a grindstone head of a surface grinder (not shown) and rotated.

Next, the operation of the grinding wheel 5 configured as described above will be described. When grinding the surface to be ground of the work W, the ground surface 9 of the grindstone 8 is brought into surface contact with the surface to be ground.

First, when grinding the side surface 11 of the work W, as shown in FIG. 2, the outer periphery of the wheel is lowered from the bottom of the work W, and overtraverse is performed over the entire length of the work. When the grinding is performed in this manner, the ring-shaped whetstone 8
Comes into surface contact with the side surface 11 of the work W at two places, and II (or vice versa) with respect to the cutting edge I in the traveling direction serves as a guide. As a result, stable grinding can be performed without causing blur in the traveling direction.

When grinding the side surface 12 of the groove of the work W, the outer periphery of the grindstone 8 is dropped to the bottom of the groove as shown in FIG. Also in this case, the grindstone 8 is
Surface contact over a wide range, stable grinding can be performed.

In the groove processing, as shown in FIG. 4, when the work W has a clearance groove 13, the tip of a grindstone is inserted into the clearance groove 13 to grind the side surface of the work W in FIG. Similarly, over-traverse is performed on the entire length of the work (in this case, a whetstone 8 supported on only one side of the whetstone 7 is used). Then, the corners are sharpened more sharply.

By the way, as the grinding proceeds, the grindstone 8 is worn. However, in the grinding wheel 5 of the present embodiment,
The work W is ground by the surface 9 constituting one side of the parallelogram of the cross section of the grindstone. Therefore, the grinding surface 9 of the grinding wheel 8
Is worn in parallel with a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the wheel 6. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape of the grindstone 8 can always be maintained in a parallelogram, and the grinding of the work W is always performed on the surface. Therefore, the side surface of the work W can be finished to a plane substantially parallel to a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the wheel 6. Further, in the processing of the groove, it is possible to perform right-angle processing with sharp corners without any corners.

Further, since the grindstones 8 are in surface contact, the reduction of the grindstones 8 is less than in the case of line contact, and the life of the grindstones 8 can be extended. In addition, in this embodiment, the grinding wheel 8 is supported on both ends in the axial direction of the grinding wheel base 7, so that the work W can be efficiently ground using both grinding wheels 8. Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment as a reference example related to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In this embodiment, in the grindstone wheel 5 of the first embodiment, the grooves 14 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the grinding surface 9 of the grindstone 8 so that the rotation direction A is equal to the radial direction.
A plurality of recesses are provided in a state of being inclined.

In this way, when the work W is ground, the grinding liquid can be smoothly supplied to the surface to be ground of the work W through the groove 14, so that the cooling performance on the surface to be ground is improved. improves. Further, the grooves 14 promote the discharge of the chips, and the chip discharge performance is also improved. As a result, clogging and heat generation of the grindstone 8 itself can be prevented, and high-speed cutting can be performed with high processing accuracy.

The edge of the groove 14 can also grind the work W, and the cutting efficiency is improved. (Third Embodiment) Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In this embodiment, in the grindstone wheel 5 of the first embodiment, the grindstone 8 is composed of two kinds of grindstones having different hardnesses and a thickness ratio of about 1:10 (hard grindstone: soft grindstone). In the radial direction. The hard grindstone 15 is joined to the outer periphery of the soft grindstone 16. The grinding surface 18 of the soft grindstone 16 is formed so as to be parallel to a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis, and the grinding surface 17 of the hard grindstone 15 has a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the wheel 6. Is set at an angle Y. This angle Y is desirably about 5 ° to 20 °, and reduces the shock when the hard grindstone 15 performs rough cutting of the work W.

In this way, the rough cutting of the work W by the hard grindstone 15 and the finishing by the soft grindstone 16 are performed simultaneously, so that speedy grinding can be performed.
It is also possible to embody the structure of the definitive before Symbol embodiment each section for example be modified as follows. (1) In the second embodiment, the number or angle of the grooves 14 is different. (2) In the grindstone of the second embodiment, the edge of the groove 14 is chamfered. (3) Grinding surfaces 17, 1 of grinding wheels 15, 16 of the third embodiment
8 is also provided with the groove 14 of the second embodiment. (4) In the grindstone of the third embodiment, the ratio of the thickness of the hard grindstone 15 to the thickness of the soft grindstone 16 is different. (5) In the grindstone of the third embodiment, a grindstone having a hardness intermediate between the hard grindstone 15 and the soft grindstone 16 is used.

The technical ideas other than the claims that can be grasped from the above embodiment will be described below together with their effects. (1 ) When grinding the side surface of the work W using the grindstone wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the side surface of the work W for performing the overtraverse over the entire length of the work by lowering the wheel outer circumference from the bottom side of the work W. Grinding method.

If the side grinding of the work W is performed by this method,
The grinding can be performed at once, and the degree of parallelism of the side surface of the workpiece W with respect to a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the wheel increases. ( 2 ) When grinding the side surface of the groove of the work W by using the grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the outer periphery of the grindstone is dropped to the bottom surface of the groove of the work W, and the entire length of the side surface of the groove is reduced. A method of grinding the side surface of the groove of the work W on which overtraverse is performed.

If the side surface of the groove of the work W is ground by this method, the grinding can be performed at a stretch, and the corner processing of the corner of the groove can be sharply performed.

[0032]

As described above in detail, the invention of the grinding wheel as set forth in the claims, be worn grinding wheel, it is possible to be in surface contact with the workpiece grinding wheel always performs grinding of a workpiece, The side surface of the work can be finished to a plane substantially parallel to a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the wheel.
Further, in the groove portion of the work, it is possible to perform right-angle processing with sharp corners. In addition, since the grinding wheel performs the grinding in surface contact with the work, the reduction of the grinding wheel is less than in the case of the line contact, and the life of the grinding wheel can be extended. Furthermore, processes such as roughing and finishing can be performed efficiently at once.
And the shock of roughing
Can be softened. Also, the grinding fluid is
Reliable supply to the cut surface, and the grooves facilitate chip evacuation
Therefore, it is possible to prevent clogging and heat generation of the grindstone itself.
it can. In addition, the grooves also grind the work, so the grinding efficiency
Increase.

In particular, in the invention of the grinding wheel according to the second aspect, the clearance angle provided on the outer peripheral surface promotes the discharge of the chips, so that the chip discharge performance is improved. Therefore, the workpiece can be smoothly ground without clogging.

[0034]

Further , in the invention of the grinding wheel according to the fourth aspect, the cutting resistance can be further reduced, and further, the
Shock can be reduced .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a grinding wheel according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a state of side grinding of a work W;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of side grinding of a groove of a work W;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of side grinding of a work W having an escape groove.

FIG. 5A is a plan view and FIG. 5B is a side view of the grinding wheel according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a grinding wheel according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a main part of a grinding wheel according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a conventional embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a conventional problem.

[Explanation of symbols]

5 ... Whetstone wheel, 6 ... Wheel, 7 ... Whetstone base, 8 ...
Whetstone, 9: Grinding surface, 14: Groove, 15: Hard whetstone, 16
... soft whetstone.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-50-150088 (JP, A) JP-A-6-23674 (JP, A) JP-A 50-1448695 (JP, U) JP-A 50-14869 62765 (JP, U) Jikken 53-9029 (JP, Y2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B24B 41/047 B24D 5/00, 5/14

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. An annular grindstone is supported on the outer periphery of a wheel,
In grinding wheel to perform the grinding work at the grinding surface definitive on the side of the grinding wheel, said grinding wheel, the rotational direction of the wheel with respect to the radial direction
A plurality of inclined grooves are provided on the grinding surface, and the grinding wheel has a hardness.
To join different grinding wheels in the radial direction of the grinding wheel
To join a hard whetstone to the outer circumference of the whetstone
The grinding wheel rotates the grinding surface of the wheel so that the grinding wheel makes surface contact with the workpiece at one side of the cross section.
While forming parallel to a plane perpendicular to the axis,
The hard grinding wheel has an axis of rotation of the wheel on the grinding surface.
A grinding wheel that is angled with respect to a plane perpendicular to it . 2. The grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein a sectional shape of the grinding wheel is substantially a parallelogram, and a clearance angle is formed on an outer peripheral surface. 3. An angle formed on a grinding surface of the hard grinding wheel.
The grinding wheel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the angle is in a range of 5 ° to 20 ° . 4. A groove provided on a grinding surface of the whetstone ,
The grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the edge of the groove is chamfered . 5. The whetstone has two types of whetstones having different hardnesses.
And the thickness of the hard and soft whetstones
The grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the ratio is 1:10 .