JP3260964B2 - Turning position detection device for construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turning position detecting device for a construction machine, and more particularly to a turning position detecting device for determining a relative position between an upper revolving unit and a lower traveling unit.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a construction machine, for example, a hydraulic shovel or the like has an upper swing body mounted on a lower running body via a ball race, and the upper swing body is formed so as to be freely swingable in a horizontal direction. When the operator in the cabin provided on the upper revolving unit performs the excavation work by revolving the upper revolving unit, it is not known in which direction the traveling motor of the lower traveling unit is located, Is difficult to judge. For this reason, a device that can confirm the relative positions of the upper revolving unit and the lower traveling unit in the cabin is required.

[0003] In the conventional turning position detecting device, a potentiometer is brought into contact with a housing of a swivel joint,
There is known a configuration in which the rotation angle of the upper revolving unit is detected, or a configuration in which a swivel joint is provided with a shaft center integral with the undercover and a potentiometer is connected to the shaft center.

[0004]

As described above, in the conventional turning position detecting device, since the potentiometer is incorporated into the swivel joint, the assembling work becomes complicated and cost increases, and there is a problem in durability. Was. Therefore, in checking the relative positions of the upper revolving unit and the lower traveling unit, the configuration of the turning position detection device is simplified,
A technical problem to be solved arises in order to improve the durability of the device, and an object of the present invention is to solve this problem.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed to achieve the above object. An upper revolving unit is mounted on a lower traveling unit via a ball race, and the ball race is mounted on the lower traveling unit.
One of the upper and lower ball races that make up
In a construction machine in which a dog is fixed and a position sensor is fixed to the other, two small dogs are fixed at a predetermined interval on one side of the outer surface of the lower ball race , and fixedly one large dogs in the opposite position of the two small dogs in the other side, further, 2 to the upper ball race outer surface
Of the upper revolving unit are provided in proximity to each other.
Sometimes, it said position sensor detects the presence or absence of each dog, to switch the switch position sensor, of the two position sensors, the switch is ahead of any position sensor
A control unit is provided to detect the switching and determine the turning direction of the upper revolving unit, enabling detection of the turning position of the upper revolving unit.
Providing pivoting position detecting device for a construction machine is characterized in that the capacity.

Also, an upper revolving structure is mounted on a lower traveling body via a ball race, and an upper bobbin constituting the ball race is mounted.
Dog in one of the ball races or the lower ball race and the other
In the construction machine the position sensor was fixed to the lower ball
On one side of the race inner surface with a predetermined distance as well as fixed to two small dogs, two said other side of said inner side surface
Fixedly one large dogs of the of facing the small dog position, further, provided adjacent the two position sensors in the upper ball race inner surfaces, during turning of the upper rotating body, said position sensor There detects the presence or absence of each dog, to switch the switch position sensors, sales of the two position sensors
Which switch of the position sensor was switched first
And a control unit for determining a turning direction of the upper revolving structure is provided, and a turning position of the upper revolving structure can be detected .

[0007]

When the upper revolving structure is turned, the two position sensors rotate together with the ball race, and the switches are switched each time the position sensors pass over each dog. The control unit is
The turning direction of the upper turning body is determined by detecting which of the two position sensors has been switched first.

The turning position of the upper turning body is detected based on the switching state of the two position sensors.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 3 show a hydraulic excavator 11 as an example of a construction machine, and a lower traveling body 1 such as a crawler.
The upper revolving unit 14 is mounted on the ball 2 via a ball race 13. The upper ball race 13a is fixed to the upper revolving unit 14, and the lower ball race 13b is fixed to the lower traveling unit 12.

Although not shown, a ring gear is provided inside the lower ball race 13b, and a pinion gear meshed with the ring gear is rotated by a motor so that the upper revolving unit 14 turns horizontally. Is formed. Further, on the left and right rear portions of the lower traveling body 12, traveling motors 15 and 16 are provided, respectively. Thus, on the circumference of the upper ball race 13a, the upper rotating body 1
Four position sensors 17 and 18 are provided close to each other in front of the position 4. When the position sensors 17 and 18 are separated from a dog which is a target to be described later, the dog is inactive.
Then, the switch is turned off, and when the dog comes close to the dog, the switch is turned on because there is a dog .

On the other hand, two small dogs 19 and 20 are fixedly provided at a predetermined interval on one side of the circumference of the lower ball race 13b, that is, on the right side in the traveling direction of the lower traveling body 12. I do. The interval between the small dogs 19 and 20 is slightly larger than the installation dimension of the position sensors 17 and 18. Also, the other side on the circumference of the lower ball race 13b, i.e., a traveling direction left side of the lower traveling body 12, and the opposite position of the small dog 19, the one large de The bracket 21 is fixed. The large dog 21 is formed to be long in the circumferential direction of the lower ball race 13b.
Is slightly larger than the installation size of the position sensors 17 and 18 and is substantially the same as the interval between the small dogs 19 and 20.

When the upper swing body 14 swings, the position sensors 17, 18 rotate together with the upper ball race 13a to detect the presence of the dog 19, 20 or 21 fixed to the lower ball race 13b. , The switches of the corresponding position sensors 17 and 18 are turned on. The control unit 22 controls the position sensor 17,
Switch of any position sensor among 18 switches first
The turning direction of the upper turning body 14 is determined by detecting whether
Then, the turning position is detected .

Next, a method of determining the turning position of the upper turning body 14 will be described with reference to FIGS. Each figure (a) shows the attitude of the upper revolving unit 14 with respect to the lower traveling unit 12, and in each case, the lower traveling unit 12 is located in the same direction. Further, each figure (b) shows the positions of the position sensors 17, 18 fixed to the ball race 13 and the dogs 19, 20, and 21 when the upper swing body 14 is in the posture shown in FIG. It shows the relationship.

FIG. 4 shows a state in which the upper revolving unit 14 turns approximately 90 degrees counterclockwise with respect to the traveling direction of the lower traveling unit 12 (arrow B) and is in a leftward facing region. In such a state, the upper ball race 13a faces left as shown by the arrow A, the position sensors 17, 18 are located above the large dog 21, and the switches of both the position sensors 17, 18 are turned on. . This position is set as an initial setting position, and the switching state of the position sensors 17 and 18 at this time is determined by the control unit 2.
Store it in 2.

FIG. 5 shows a state in which the upper revolving unit 14 is turned rightward from the initial setting position. At this time, the position sensors 17 and 18 are separated from the large dog 21 and the switch of the position sensor 18 is turned off first, and then the switch of the position sensor 17 is turned off. Therefore, in the control unit 22, the upper revolving unit 14 is moved from the initial setting position shown in FIG.
Is determined to have turned right, and it is detected that the upper-part turning body 14 is within the range of the forward facing area.

On the other hand, FIG. 6 shows a state in which the upper swing body 14 has been turned to the left from the initial setting position. At this time, the position sensors 17 and 18 are separated from the large dog 21 and the switch of the position sensor 17 is turned off first, and then the switch of the position sensor 18 is turned off. Therefore, in the control unit 22, the upper revolving unit 1 is moved from the initial setting position shown in FIG.
4 is determined to have made a left turn, and it is detected that the upper turning body 14 is within the range of the rearward facing area.

FIG. 7 shows a state in which the upper revolving unit 14 is in the range of the forward facing area and coincides with the traveling direction of the lower traveling unit 12. The position sensors 17, 18 at this time
Are both off. If the upper revolving unit 14 is further turned clockwise from this state, as shown in FIG. 8, the upper revolving unit 14 turns approximately 90 degrees to the right with respect to the traveling direction of the lower traveling unit 12 (arrow B), and turns rightward. Area.

At this time, the position sensor 18 first reaches above the small dog 19, and the switch of the position sensor 18 is turned on. Subsequently, the position sensor 17 is connected to the dog 19.
, The switch of the position sensor 17 is turned on, and the position sensor 18 passes through the dog 19, so that the switch of the position sensor 18 is turned off. Furthermore,
The position sensor 17 passes through the dog 19 and the switch of the position sensor 17 is turned off. Accordingly, the control unit 22 determines that the upper revolving unit 14 has turned rightward from the position shown in FIG. 7, and detects that the upper revolving unit 14 is in the rightward region as shown in FIG. Is done.

On the other hand, when the vehicle turns left from the position shown in FIG. 7 and the upper revolving unit 14 enters the leftward direction as shown in FIG. 4, the switch of the position sensor 17 is first turned on, and then the position sensor 17 is turned on. When the switch 18 is turned on, the control unit 22 detects that the upper swing body 14 has turned left. Here, FIG. 9 shows a state in which the upper revolving unit 14 is in the range of the rearward facing region and is in the opposite direction to the traveling direction of the lower traveling unit 12. At this time, the switches of the position sensors 17 and 18 are both off. When the upper swing body 14 is turned left from this state, the upper swing body 14 becomes a rightward area as shown in FIG.

At this time, the position sensor 17 first reaches above the small dog 20, and the switch of the position sensor 17 is turned on. Subsequently, the position sensor 18 detects the dog 2
When the position sensor 17 is turned on, the switch of the position sensor 18 is turned on, and the position sensor 17 passes through the dog 20 so that the switch of the position sensor 17 is turned off. Further, the position sensor 18 passes through the dog 20 and the position sensor 1
The switch of No. 8 is turned off. Accordingly, the control unit 22 determines that the upper swing body 14 has turned left from the position shown in FIG. 9 and detects that the upper swing body 14 shown in FIG. .

As described above, the two position sensors 17,
The control unit 22 reads the order of switching of the switches 18 and the on / off state of the switches after the switching, and quickly and accurately detects the turning position of the upper-part turning body 14.
As the position sensors 17 and 18, proximity switches that are turned on when approaching a dog are used. However, the proximity switches are not particularly limited to this, and are switched off when approaching a dog. There may be. In addition, any means such as ultrasonic waves, magnetism, and light may be used as the switching means.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, two position sensors 17, 18 are provided inside the upper ball race 13a.
Are provided close to each other, and two
Even if the small dogs 19 and 20 and one large dog 21 are opposed to each other, the same operation and effect can be obtained. Thus, the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and it goes without saying that the present invention extends to the modified ones.

[0023]

As described in detail in the above embodiment, the present invention has two position sensors and two small sensors provided on a ball race.
The position sensor is closed by a mold dog and one large dog.
Switching of the position sensor by detecting the presence or absence of
So that any one of the two position sensors
Of the upper revolving structure by detecting whether the
Since the direction can be determined and the turning position can be detected, the configuration is simplified, the work of assembling the sensors and the like is not complicated as in the conventional type, and the durability of the device is improved.

[0024] Thus, a remarkable effect can be achieved such that the device can contribute to the improvement of safety during turning work without increasing the cost.
Play a fruit.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention and is a side view of a hydraulic shovel.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front view of the excavator.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway plan view of the hydraulic shovel.

FIG. 4A is a plan view showing a posture of an upper revolving structure with respect to a lower traveling structure. (B) An explanatory view showing the positional relationship between the position sensor and the dog at that time.

FIG. 5A is a plan view showing a posture of an upper revolving structure with respect to a lower traveling structure. (B) An explanatory view showing the positional relationship between the position sensor and the dog at that time.

FIG. 6A is a plan view showing the attitude of the upper swing body with respect to the lower traveling body. (B) An explanatory view showing the positional relationship between the position sensor and the dog at that time.

FIG. 7A is a plan view showing a posture of an upper revolving structure with respect to a lower traveling structure. (B) An explanatory view showing the positional relationship between the position sensor and the dog at that time.

FIG. 8A is a plan view showing a posture of an upper revolving structure with respect to a lower traveling structure. (B) An explanatory view showing the positional relationship between the position sensor and the dog at that time.

FIG. 9A is a plan view showing the attitude of the upper swing body with respect to the lower traveling body. (B) An explanatory view showing the positional relationship between the position sensor and the dog at that time.

FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway plan view of a hydraulic shovel showing another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Hydraulic excavator 12 Undercarriage 13 Ball race 14 Upper revolving superstructure 17, 18 Position sensor 19, 20, 21 Dog 22 Control part

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] An upper revolving structure is mounted on a lower traveling body via a ball race, and an upper ball constituting the ball race is provided.
Place the dog on one side of the race or lower ball race and the other
In a construction machine having a fixed position sensor, the lower ball
On one side of the race outer surface with a predetermined distance as well as fixed to two small dogs, two said other side of the outer side surface
One large dog is fixed at the opposite position of the small dog,
Further, two position sensors are provided close to the outer surface of the upper ball race , and when the upper revolving unit turns , the position sensors detect the presence or absence of each of the dogs and switch the position sensor. , sales of the two position sensors
Which switch of the position sensor was switched first
A turning position detecting device for a construction machine, comprising: a control unit for detecting the turning direction of the upper revolving unit by detecting the turning position of the upper revolving unit. 2. An upper ball constituting an upper revolving structure mounted on a lower traveling body via a ball race.
Place the dog on one side of the race or lower ball race and the other
In a construction machine having a fixed position sensor, the lower ball
On one side of the race inner surface with a predetermined distance as well as fixed to two small dogs, two said other side of said inner side surface
Fixedly one large dogs of the of facing the small dog position, further, provided adjacent the two position sensors in the upper ball race inner surfaces, during turning of the upper rotating body, the position A sensor detects the presence or absence of each of the dogs and switches the position sensor, and the switch of any one of the two position sensors switches first.
A turning position detecting device for a construction machine, comprising: a control unit for detecting a turning direction of the upper revolving structure by detecting a turning position of the upper revolving structure .