JP3254589B2 - Method and apparatus for producing artificial lightweight aggregate - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for producing artificial lightweight aggregateInfo
- Publication number
- JP3254589B2 JP3254589B2 JP29035892A JP29035892A JP3254589B2 JP 3254589 B2 JP3254589 B2 JP 3254589B2 JP 29035892 A JP29035892 A JP 29035892A JP 29035892 A JP29035892 A JP 29035892A JP 3254589 B2 JP3254589 B2 JP 3254589B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- raw material
- aggregate
- rotary kiln
- artificial lightweight
- coarse aggregate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/04—Heat treatment
- C04B20/06—Expanding clay, perlite, vermiculite or like granular materials
- C04B20/061—Expanding clay, perlite, vermiculite or like granular materials in rotary kilns
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/04—Heat treatment
- C04B20/06—Expanding clay, perlite, vermiculite or like granular materials
- C04B20/065—Expanding clay, perlite, vermiculite or like granular materials in fluidised beds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、セメントコンクリー
ト及びコンクリート製品用骨材のうち、軽量高強度用の
人工軽量骨材の製造方法及びその装置に関するものであ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing an artificial lightweight aggregate for lightweight and high strength among aggregates for cement concrete and concrete products.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】コンクリート建材等に使用される人工軽
量骨材として、石炭灰その他の産業廃棄物の焼却灰を燒
結・発泡したものや、発泡性頁岩、火山ガラス質鉱物を
焼成し比重を小さくしたもの等が用いられている。人工
軽量骨材は天然骨材に比し軽いため、該骨材を用いたコ
ンクリート及びコンクリート建材は軽量となるので、作
業性において有利であると共に、高層化建築物の重量を
軽く出来るので、構造の面でも大変有利である。2. Description of the Related Art Artificial lightweight aggregates used for concrete building materials include those obtained by sintering and foaming the incinerated ash of coal ash and other industrial wastes, and sintering foamed shale and volcanic glassy minerals to reduce the specific gravity. Are used. Since artificial lightweight aggregates are lighter than natural aggregates, concrete and concrete building materials using the aggregates are lighter, which is advantageous in workability and can reduce the weight of high-rise buildings. It is very advantageous also in terms of.
【0003】ところが、人工軽量骨材は、表1に示すよ
うに、強さ・耐久性の面で天然骨材に比較し劣ってい
る。However, as shown in Table 1, artificial lightweight aggregates are inferior to natural aggregates in strength and durability.
【0004】[0004]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0005】そこで、上記表1の如き人工軽量骨材を改
良し、その内部では均質な独立気泡を形成させ、かつ、
その表面をガラス化させることにより、従来の人工軽量
骨材の弱点を改善した物即ち改良人工軽量骨材が製造さ
れている。[0005] Therefore, the artificial lightweight aggregate shown in Table 1 above was improved so that uniform closed cells were formed therein, and
By vitrifying the surface of the artificial lightweight aggregate, a product having improved weakness of the conventional artificial lightweight aggregate, that is, an improved artificial lightweight aggregate has been manufactured.
【0006】このような一般的な人工軽量骨材や改良人
工軽量骨材を製造するには、乾式または湿式にて原料を
粉砕し、必要に応じて発泡剤や粘結剤を加えて造粒し、
ロータリーキルンで焼成する方法がとられている。[0006] In order to produce such general artificial lightweight aggregates and improved artificial lightweight aggregates, the raw materials are pulverized by a dry or wet method, and granulated by adding a foaming agent or a binder as necessary. And
A method of firing with a rotary kiln is used.
【0007】人工軽量骨材をロータリーキルンにて焼成
する際、骨材生原料(投入原料ともいう)の焼成温度・
焼成時間を投入原料の性質に合わせてコントロールしな
ければならない。その理由は、次の通りである。(1)
ロータリーキルンにおける投入原料の焼成温度が低かっ
たり焼成時間が短かったりすると、品質上強度・耐久性
が低下する。(2)焼成温度が高すぎると、投入原料が
溶融しロータリーキルン内壁に付着したり、投入原料同
志が付着しあい大塊となってしまう。(3)ロータリー
キルン内での投入原料滞留時間が長すぎると、発泡タイ
プの物であれば過発泡となり強度低下となる。[0007] When baking artificial lightweight aggregate in a rotary kiln, the baking temperature of raw material of aggregate (also referred to as input material)
The firing time must be controlled according to the properties of the input raw materials. The reason is as follows. (1)
If the firing temperature of the input raw material in the rotary kiln is low or the firing time is short, the strength and durability are reduced in terms of quality. (2) If the firing temperature is too high, the input raw materials are melted and adhere to the inner wall of the rotary kiln, or the input raw materials adhere to each other to form a large lump. (3) If the input raw material residence time in the rotary kiln is too long, the foam type is over-foamed and the strength is reduced.
【0008】一方、骨材のサイズとしては、20mmか
ら1mm以下のものまで必要である。しかし、これらの
異なるサイズのものを同時に焼成すると品質上好ましく
ない。そこで、原料を或るサイズ幅毎に分けて焼成して
いるが、ロータリーキルンの直径が大きくなるに従って
細骨材生原料の焼成が困難になってくる。On the other hand, the size of the aggregate must be from 20 mm to 1 mm or less. However, if these different sizes are fired simultaneously, it is not preferable in terms of quality. Therefore, the raw materials are fired separately for each size width. However, as the diameter of the rotary kiln increases, it becomes more difficult to fire the fine aggregate raw materials.
【0009】具体的には、ロータリーキルンの直径と安
定状態運転10時間以上の原料最少サイズ実験から表2
の結果を得ている。[0009] More specifically, Table 2 shows the results of experiments on the diameter of a rotary kiln and the minimum raw material size during a stable operation of 10 hours or more.
The result is obtained.
【0010】[0010]
【表2】 [Table 2]
【0011】この理由は、キルン径が大きくなるに従っ
て細骨材生原料はキルン径方向の転動が小さくなり、原
料が一団となってキルン軸方向に流れるため、キルンバ
ーナの火炎に面する部分の原料が加熱され続け、該原料
が溶融して大塊になってしまうためである。そのため、
細骨材の人工軽量骨材焼成には小径のロータリーキルン
しか使用できなくなり、工業製品としての量産が困難と
なっている。[0011] The reason is that as the diameter of the kiln increases, the rolling of the fine aggregate raw material decreases in the radial direction of the kiln, and the raw materials flow as a group in the axial direction of the kiln. This is because the raw material continues to be heated, and the raw material is melted into a large lump. for that reason,
Only small-diameter rotary kilns can be used for artificial lightweight aggregate firing of fine aggregates, which makes mass production as an industrial product difficult.
【0012】この発明は上記事情に鑑み、ロータリーキ
ルンを用いないで細骨材生原料を完全に焼成できるよう
にすることを目的とする。他の目的は、ロータリーキル
ンの熱エネルギーを有効に利用することである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to enable fine aggregate raw materials to be completely fired without using a rotary kiln. Another purpose is to make effective use of the thermal energy of the rotary kiln.
【0013】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、粗骨材生原料
の供給手段を備えたロ−タリ−キルンと;該ロ−タリ−
キルンと連通し、かつ、細骨材生原料の供給手段を備え
た気流炉と;からなることを特徴とする人工軽量骨材の
製造装置、により前記目的を達成しようとするものであ
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a rotary kiln provided with a means for supplying a raw material of coarse aggregate;
An airflow furnace communicating with the kiln and having a means for supplying fine aggregate raw material; and an apparatus for manufacturing an artificial lightweight aggregate, wherein the above object is achieved.
【0014】[0014]
【作用】粗骨材生原料と細骨生原料とを造粒により形成
し、該粗骨材生原料をロータリーキルンで焼成し、又、
該細骨材生原料を気流炉で焼成することにより両原料を
同時に、かつ完全に焼成する。The raw material of coarse aggregate and the raw material of fine bone are formed by granulation, and the raw material of coarse aggregate is fired by a rotary kiln.
By firing the raw material for fine aggregate in an airflow furnace, both raw materials are simultaneously and completely fired.
【0015】[0015]
【実施例】本発明の第1実施例を添付図面により説明す
る。人工軽量骨材の原料、例えば、頁岩、火山ガラス質
鉱物、石炭灰、等を図示しない原料工程で粉砕したり、
必要に応じて発泡剤や粘結剤等の添加剤を加えたりして
粗骨材生原料(粗骨材生ペレット)Aと細骨生原料(細
骨材生ペレット)Bとを造粒する。この粗骨材生ペレッ
トAは、例えば、粒径1.5〜3.0mmに形成され、
又、細骨材生ペレットBは、例えば、粒径1.5〜3.
0mmに形成される。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Raw materials for artificial lightweight aggregates, for example, shale, volcanic glassy minerals, coal ash, etc.
Add the additives such as a foaming agent and a binder as needed to granulate the coarse aggregate raw material (coarse aggregate raw pellet) A and the fine aggregate raw material (fine aggregate raw pellet) B. . This coarse aggregate raw pellet A is formed to a particle size of 1.5 to 3.0 mm, for example.
Further, the fine aggregate raw pellet B has, for example, a particle size of 1.5 to 3.
It is formed to 0 mm.
【0016】粗骨材生ペレットAは、粗骨材原料秤量機
1に投入された後、所定量ずつロータリーキルン17に
供給される。この時、ロータリーキルン17内は、キル
ン内バーナ6により高温となっているが、該キルン17
内の温度は温度コントローラ(図示しない)により制御
され、又、該キルンの回転数は回転数コントローラ(図
示しない)により制御される。該ペレットAのキルン内
滞留時間は、該ペレットAの性質により適宜調整され
る。The coarse aggregate raw pellets A are supplied to the coarse aggregate raw material weighing machine 1 and then supplied to the rotary kiln 17 in predetermined amounts. At this time, the temperature inside the rotary kiln 17 is high due to the burner 6 in the kiln.
The temperature of the inside of the kiln is controlled by a temperature controller (not shown), and the rotation speed of the kiln is controlled by a rotation speed controller (not shown). The residence time of the pellet A in the kiln is appropriately adjusted depending on the properties of the pellet A.
【0017】該キルン17内に供給された該ペレットA
は、所定時間回転しながら焼成された後、クーラ18に
供給されて冷却され粗骨材製品4となる。The pellets A supplied into the kiln 17
After being fired while rotating for a predetermined time, it is supplied to the cooler 18 and cooled to become the coarse aggregate product 4.
【0018】一方、細骨材生ペレットBは、細骨材原料
秤量機2に投入された後、サイクロン15の出口ダクト
14、サイクロン13を通って所定量ずつ気流炉16に
供給される。この気流炉16の下部には気流炉用バーナ
7が設けられ、又、該下部はロータリーキルン17に直
列に接続されている。そのため、気流炉16内は該バー
ナ7の燃焼ガスとロータリーキルン17からの焼成ガス
Kとにより高温となっている。On the other hand, the fine aggregate raw pellets B are charged into the fine aggregate raw material weighing machine 2 and then supplied to the gas flow furnace 16 by a predetermined amount through the outlet duct 14 of the cyclone 15 and the cyclone 13. A gas flow furnace burner 7 is provided at a lower portion of the gas flow furnace 16, and the lower portion is connected to a rotary kiln 17 in series. Therefore, the temperature inside the gas flow furnace 16 is high due to the combustion gas from the burner 7 and the firing gas K from the rotary kiln 17.
【0019】この気流炉16内に供給された該ペレット
Bは熱交換により焼成されながら、炉内を上昇しサイク
ロン15にて捕集される。その後、該ペレットBはサイ
クロン15の出口からクーラ19に搬送されて冷却さ
れ、細骨材製品となる。The pellets B supplied into the gas flow furnace 16 are raised in the furnace while being fired by heat exchange and collected by the cyclone 15. Thereafter, the pellets B are conveyed from the outlet of the cyclone 15 to the cooler 19 and cooled to become fine aggregate products.
【0020】排ガスCはファン11により排気ダクト2
0を介して集塵機10に送られ、そこで、除塵された後
煙突9から大気中に放出される。The exhaust gas C is exhausted by the fan 11 into the exhaust duct 2.
, And is discharged to the atmosphere from the chimney 9 after being dust-removed.
【0021】この発明の実施例は上記に限定されるもの
ではなく、例えば、次の様に構成することもできる。図
2、図3は第2実施例を示す図で、第1実施例と異なる
点は、気流炉16の上部に粗骨材破砕原料秤量機3を設
けるとともに、気流炉用上部バーナ8を設けたことであ
る。The embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above, and may be configured as follows, for example. 2 and 3 are views showing a second embodiment, which is different from the first embodiment in that a coarse aggregate crushing raw material weighing machine 3 is provided on an upper part of an air flow furnace 16 and an upper burner 8 for a gas flow furnace is provided. That is.
【0022】この第2実施例は、例えば、規格外の既焼
成品を破砕して細骨材に再生する場合に利用される。こ
の場合、破砕されて細かくされた既焼成破砕品Sを粗骨
材破砕原料秤量機3に供給し、気流炉16内の焼成ガス
及び該上記バーナ8の焼成ガスにより該破砕品Sを焼成
する。The second embodiment is used, for example, when crushing a non-standard calcined product and regenerating it into fine aggregate. In this case, the crushed and crushed burned crushed product S is supplied to the coarse aggregate crushed raw material weighing machine 3, and the crushed product S is baked by the calcination gas in the gas flow furnace 16 and the calcination gas of the burner 8. .
【0023】なお、既焼成破砕品Sを前述のように再焼
成するのは次の理由による。即ち、既焼成骨材を破砕し
て細骨材用の既焼成破砕品にすると、その形状が角ばっ
ているためセメントと混合した時流動性が低下すると共
に発泡タイプのものでは吸水率が大きくなってしまうと
いう問題が発生する。この問題を解決するため、該破砕
品を焼成してその表面を加熱溶融して、所謂表面処理を
するものである。The reason why the fired and crushed product S is refired as described above is as follows. In other words, when the fired aggregate is crushed into a fired crushed product for fine aggregate, the shape is square, so that when mixed with cement, the fluidity is reduced and the foam type has a large water absorption. This causes a problem. In order to solve this problem, the crushed product is fired, and the surface thereof is heated and melted to perform a so-called surface treatment.
【0024】図4は、第3実施例を示す図で、第1実施
例と異なる点は粗骨材原料秤量機1とロータリーキルン
17との間に予熱手段、例えば、ドライヤ30を設け、
粗骨材生ペレットAを予め乾燥させた後、ロータリーキ
ルン17に送り込むことである。この実施例は、粗骨材
生ペレットAが水分を多く含んでいる場合に有効であ
る。FIG. 4 is a view showing a third embodiment. The difference from the first embodiment is that a preheating means such as a dryer 30 is provided between the coarse aggregate raw material weighing machine 1 and the rotary kiln 17.
After the coarse aggregate raw pellets A are dried in advance, they are sent to the rotary kiln 17. This embodiment is effective when the coarse aggregate raw pellet A contains a large amount of water.
【0025】[0025]
【発明の効果】この発明は以上の様に構成したので、粗
骨材生原料はロータリーキルンで、又、細骨材生原料は
気流炉でそれぞれ別個に焼成される。そのため、従来例
と異なりロータリーキルンを使用することなく細骨材生
原料の焼成を完全に行うことができるとともに、それら
の骨材を一連の工程で必要量に応じて製造することがで
きる。According to the present invention, the raw material of coarse aggregate is separately fired in a rotary kiln, and the raw material of fine aggregate is separately fired in a gas stream furnace. Therefore, unlike the conventional example, the fine aggregate raw material can be completely fired without using a rotary kiln, and the aggregate can be produced in a series of steps as required.
【0026】又、ロータリーキルンの焼成ガスは気流炉
内に供給され、細骨材生原料の焼成に利用されるので、
有効な熱利用を図ることができ経済的である。[0026] Further, the firing gas of the rotary kiln is supplied into the gas flow furnace and used for firing the raw material of fine aggregate.
Effective heat utilization can be achieved and it is economical.
【図1】本発明の第1実施例を示すフローチャートであ
る。FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】本発明の第2実施例のフローチャートの要部を
示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a main part of a flowchart of a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図3】図2のIII-III 線断面拡大図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2;
【図4】第3実施例のフローチャートの要部を示す図で
ある。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a main part of a flowchart of a third embodiment.
1 粗骨材原料秤量機 2 細骨材原料秤量機 16 気流炉 17 ロータリーキルン A 粗骨材生原料 B 細骨材生原料 1 Coarse Aggregate Raw Material Weighing Machine 2 Fine Aggregate Raw Material Weighing Machine 16 Air Flow Furnace 17 Rotary Kiln A Coarse Aggregate Raw Material B Fine Aggregate Raw Material
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 藤井 悟 山口県小野田市大字小野田6276番地 小 野田セメント株式会社 生産技術研究所 内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭49−48720(JP,A) 特開 昭48−14914(JP,A) 特開 昭59−13660(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) C04B 14/02 C04B 20/04 - 20/06 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Satoru Fujii 6276 Onoda, Onoda-shi, Yamaguchi Pref. Onoda Cement Co., Ltd. Production Engineering Laboratory (56) References JP-A-49-48720 (JP, A) JP-A-48-14914 (JP, A) JP-A-59-13660 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) C04B 14/02 C04B 20/04-20/06
Claims (5)
−キルンと;該ロ−タリ−キルンと連通し、かつ、細骨
材生原料の供給手段を備えた気流炉と;からなることを
特徴とする人工軽量骨材の製造装置。A rotary kiln provided with a means for supplying a raw material of coarse aggregate; and an airflow furnace in communication with the rotary kiln and provided with a means for supplying a raw material of fine aggregate; An apparatus for producing an artificial lightweight aggregate, comprising:
骨材生原料の供給手段に接続されていることを特徴とす
る請求項1記載の人工軽量骨材の製造装置。2. The apparatus for producing an artificial lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the rotary kiln is connected to a means for supplying a raw material of coarse aggregate through a preheating means.
えていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の人工軽量骨材
の製造装置。3. The apparatus for manufacturing an artificial lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the airflow furnace is provided with means for supplying a coarse aggregate crushed product.
工程と;該粗骨材生原料をロ−タリ−キルンに供給して
焼成する工程と;該細骨材生原料を該ロ−タリ−キルン
と連通する気流炉に供給して焼成する工程と;からなる
ことを特徴とする人工軽量骨材の製造方法。4. A step of forming a raw material of coarse aggregate and a raw material of fine aggregate; a step of supplying the raw material of coarse aggregate to a rotary kiln and firing; And firing the mixture in a gas flow furnace communicating with the rotary kiln.
を特徴とする請求項4記載の人工軽量骨材の製造方法。5. The method for producing an artificial lightweight aggregate according to claim 4, wherein the coarse aggregate crushed product is supplied to an airflow furnace.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP29035892A JP3254589B2 (en) | 1992-10-28 | 1992-10-28 | Method and apparatus for producing artificial lightweight aggregate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP29035892A JP3254589B2 (en) | 1992-10-28 | 1992-10-28 | Method and apparatus for producing artificial lightweight aggregate |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH06135753A JPH06135753A (en) | 1994-05-17 |
JP3254589B2 true JP3254589B2 (en) | 2002-02-12 |
Family
ID=17755003
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP29035892A Expired - Fee Related JP3254589B2 (en) | 1992-10-28 | 1992-10-28 | Method and apparatus for producing artificial lightweight aggregate |
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JP (1) | JP3254589B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20020013950A (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2002-02-21 | 윤병문 | Bubbler apparatus for perlite |
-
1992
- 1992-10-28 JP JP29035892A patent/JP3254589B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPH06135753A (en) | 1994-05-17 |
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