JP3254002B2 - High temperature bolt material - Google Patents

High temperature bolt material

Info

Publication number
JP3254002B2
JP3254002B2 JP12858992A JP12858992A JP3254002B2 JP 3254002 B2 JP3254002 B2 JP 3254002B2 JP 12858992 A JP12858992 A JP 12858992A JP 12858992 A JP12858992 A JP 12858992A JP 3254002 B2 JP3254002 B2 JP 3254002B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
less
temperature
high temperature
present
ductility
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP12858992A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0674224A (en
Inventor
明次 藤田
正朝 篠原
勇作 高野
武志 近藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to JP12858992A priority Critical patent/JP3254002B2/en
Publication of JPH0674224A publication Critical patent/JPH0674224A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3254002B2 publication Critical patent/JP3254002B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は高温ボルト材に関し、
特に火力発電用蒸気タービン用の高温ボルト材に関す
る。
The present invention relates to an high temperature bolt material,
In particular to high temperature bolt material for a steam turbine for thermal power generation.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】火力発電用蒸気タービンプラントに用い
られるボルト材としては、主に低温域(500℃以下)
で用いられる12Cr鋼や高温域で用いられる超合金の
リフラクトアロイ26(37Ni−20Co−18Cr
系)、もしくはニッケル基超合金ナイモニック80Aが
あげられる。このうち、低温用の12Cr鋼は500℃
以上の温度での使用は困難であり、500℃を越える高
温で用いられるボルト材としては、ここに示す超合金の
リフラクトアロイ26もしくはナイモニック80Aに限
定される。
2. Description of the Related Art Bolt materials used in steam turbine plants for thermal power generation are mainly used in a low temperature range (500 ° C. or lower).
Alloy 26 (37Ni-20Co-18Cr) made of 12Cr steel used in steel and superalloy used in high temperature range.
System) or nickel-based superalloy Nimonic 80A. Among them, 12Cr steel for low temperature is 500 ℃
It is difficult to use at the above temperature, and the bolt material used at a high temperature exceeding 500 ° C. is limited to the superalloy refracto alloy 26 or Nimonic 80A shown here.

【0003】このうち、リフラクトアロイ26は高温強
度に優れ、また高温延性も良好であることからこれまで
高温ボルト材として広く用いられていた。しかし、こ
の材料の熱膨張係数は大きく、蒸気タービンを構成する
車室材(車室とはタービンの回転系の回りを包む容器で
あって、高温ボルトによって締めつけられているもので
ある)との熱膨張差によって車室の締め付け力が低下
し、蒸気漏れの原因となっている。また、コバルトを多
量に含むため(20%程度)コストが高い材料である。
一方、ナイモニック80Aはニッケル基の超合金であり
高温強度も良好であり、また熱膨張係数もリフラクトア
ロイ26程大きくなく、車室材との熱膨張係数の差も少
なくなく、さらにコバルトを含まないことからコスト的
にもリフラクトアロイ26より安い。しかし、この材料
の高温の延性は低く、使用中に亀裂が発生しやすい材料
である。
[0003] Of this, Refractory alloy 26 has excellent high-temperature strength, also has been widely used as high temperature bolt material ever since the hot ductility is good. However, the thermal expansion coefficient of this material is large, and the material of the cabin that constitutes the steam turbine (the cabin is a container that wraps around the rotating system of the turbine and is fastened by high-temperature bolts) Due to the difference in thermal expansion, the tightening force of the passenger compartment is reduced, which causes steam leakage. Further, it is a material having a high cost because it contains a large amount of cobalt (about 20%).
On the other hand, Nimonic 80A is a nickel-based superalloy, has a good high-temperature strength, a thermal expansion coefficient not as large as that of Refractoalloy 26, a small difference in thermal expansion coefficient with that of a vehicle compartment material, and further contains cobalt. Since it is not available, it is cheaper than Refract Alloy 26 in terms of cost. However, this material has a low high-temperature ductility and is liable to crack during use.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】そこで、本発明はフェ
ライト系(CrMo系、12Cr系などのフェライト
系、マルテンサイト系の材料)の車室材との熱膨張係数
の差が少なく、高温強度、高温延性の優れた500℃以
上の高温で使用できる高温用ボルト材を提供するもので
ある。
Accordingly, the present invention has a small difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between ferrite-based (ferrite-based materials such as CrMo-based and 12Cr-based, martensite-based materials) and a high-temperature strength. An object of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature bolt material that can be used at a high temperature of 500 ° C. or more and has excellent high-temperature ductility.

【0005】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】このため、本発明者らは
鋭意研究を重ねた結果、以下に示す優れた高温用ボルト
材を発明した。すなわち、本発明は (1)重量比で炭素:0.04〜0.1%、シリコン:
1%以下、マンガン:1%以下、クロム:18〜21
%、アルミニウム:1〜1.8%、チタン:1〜1.8
%、鉄:1.5%以下及び不可避的不純物及びニッケル
からなることを特徴とする、火力発電用蒸気タービンに
使用可能な高温ボルト材。
The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies and, as a result, have invented the following excellent high-temperature bolt materials. That is, the present invention provides (1) carbon: 0.04 to 0.1% by weight, silicon:
1% or less, manganese: 1% or less, chromium: 18 to 21
%, Aluminum: 1 to 1.8%, titanium: 1 to 1.8
%, Iron: 1.5% or less, inevitable impurities and nickel , for a steam turbine for thermal power generation
High temperature bolt material available for use.

【0006】(2)重量比で炭素:0.04〜0.1
%、シリコン:1%以下、マンガン:1%以下、クロ
ム:18〜21%、アルミニウム:1〜1.8%、チタ
ン:1〜1.8%、鉄:1.5%以下及び不可避的不純
物及びニッケルからなり、溶解後熱間鍛造を行ったの
ち、1000〜1120℃での溶体化処理、820〜8
80℃での第1段時効処理、700〜750℃での第2
段時効処理、600〜650℃での第3段時効処理を行
ってなることを特徴とする、火力発電用蒸気タービンに
使用可能な高温ボルト材。である。
(2) Carbon: 0.04 to 0.1 by weight
%, Silicon: 1% or less, manganese: 1% or less, chromium: 18 to 21%, aluminum: 1 to 1.8%, titanium: 1 to 1.8%, iron: 1.5% or less and inevitable impurities And hot forging after melting, followed by solution treatment at 1000 to 1120 ° C, 820 to 8
First stage aging at 80 ° C, second stage at 700-750 ° C
A steam turbine for thermal power generation characterized by performing a stage aging treatment and a third stage aging treatment at 600 to 650 ° C.
High temperature bolt material available for use. It is.

【0007】[0007]

【作用】本発明はナイモニック80Aを基本成分とし、
成分を限定し、さらに熱処理を限定することにより、優
れた特性を有する高温用ボルト材としたものである。以
下に本発明ボルト材における成分限定理由を述べる。 C:Cは炭化物を形成し高温強度の向上に寄与する。し
かし、0.04%未満では十分な効果は得られず、また
0.1%を越えると過剰な炭化物を形成し靱性を低下さ
せるため0.04〜0.1%とする。 Si:Siは脱酸材として必要な元素である。しかし、
Siを必要以上に加えるとクリープ脆性などを引き起こ
すため1%以下とした。 Mn:Mnも脱酸材として有用な元素である。この元素
も必要以上に加えると靱性を低下させるため1%以下と
した。 Cr:Crは炭化物を形成し高温強度の改善に寄与する
とともに、マトリックス中に溶け込んで耐酸化性を改善
する。18%未満ではその効果は十分ではなく、また2
1%を越えると脆化をもたらすので18〜21%とす
る。 Al:AlはマトリックスのNiやTiとともに金属間
化合物であるγ′〔Ni3 (Al,Ti)〕相となり高
温強度の向上に寄与する。1%未満ではその効果は十分
ではなく、また1.8%を越えるとクリープ破断におけ
る延性が低下し、切欠弱化を示すようになるため1〜
1.8%とする。 Ti:TiはAlやNiとともにγ′〔Ni3 (Al,
Ti)〕相を形成する。Tiの含有量は高温強度、延性
に大きく影響を与える。すなわち、Ti含有量が増すと
それに比例して常温〜高温までの強度は向上する。しか
し、延性はTi含有量の増加とともに低下する。1%未
満であると十分な強度が得られず、また1.8%を越え
る量を添加するとクリープ延性が低下する。従って、1
〜1.8%とする。 Fe:FeはNiとともにマトリックスを形成する元素
であり、延性、靱性の向上に寄与する。しかし1.5%
を越えて添加すると高温強度、特にクリープ破断強度を
低下させるため1.5%以下とする。
The present invention is based on Nimonic 80A,
By limiting the components and further limiting the heat treatment, a high temperature bolt material having excellent properties is obtained. The reasons for limiting the components in the bolts of the present invention are described below. C: C forms carbides and contributes to improvement in high-temperature strength. However, if it is less than 0.04%, a sufficient effect cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 0.1%, excessive carbides are formed and the toughness is reduced, so that the content is made 0.04 to 0.1%. Si: Si is an element necessary as a deoxidizing material. But,
Since excessive addition of Si causes creep brittleness and the like, the content is set to 1% or less. Mn: Mn is also an element useful as a deoxidizer. If this element is added more than necessary, the toughness is reduced, so that the content is set to 1% or less. Cr: Cr forms carbides and contributes to improvement in high-temperature strength, and dissolves in the matrix to improve oxidation resistance. If it is less than 18%, the effect is not enough, and 2
If it exceeds 1%, embrittlement is caused, so the content is set to 18 to 21%. Al: Al becomes a γ '[Ni 3 (Al, Ti)] phase which is an intermetallic compound together with Ni and Ti of the matrix, and contributes to improvement in high-temperature strength. If it is less than 1%, the effect is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 1.8%, the ductility in creep rupture is reduced, and the notch is weakened.
1.8%. Ti: Ti is γ ′ [Ni 3 (Al,
Ti)] phase. The content of Ti greatly affects high-temperature strength and ductility. That is, as the Ti content increases, the strength from room temperature to high temperature increases in proportion thereto. However, ductility decreases with increasing Ti content. If it is less than 1%, sufficient strength cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 1.8%, creep ductility decreases. Therefore, 1
To 1.8%. Fe: Fe is an element that forms a matrix together with Ni, and contributes to improvement in ductility and toughness. But 1.5%
If added over 1.5%, the high temperature strength, particularly the creep rupture strength, is reduced, so that the content is made 1.5% or less.

【0008】次に熱処理の限定理由について述べる。本
発明材料においてボルト材を製造する場合、熱処理方法
によってγ′相などの析出物の形態が変わり、機械的性
質やクリープ破断特性などに大きく影響を与える。そこ
で本発明者らは熱処理条件について鋭意検討を行った結
果、溶体化処理後3段時効処理を施し、析出物を十分に
安定化させることにより、高温強度を劣化させることな
く安定した延性を得ることができることを明らかにし
た。詳細については、実施例にて述べる。
Next, the reasons for limiting the heat treatment will be described. When a bolt material is manufactured from the material of the present invention, the form of the precipitate such as the γ 'phase changes depending on the heat treatment method, which greatly affects the mechanical properties and creep rupture characteristics. The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies on the heat treatment conditions. As a result, a three-stage aging treatment is performed after the solution treatment to sufficiently stabilize the precipitates, thereby obtaining stable ductility without deteriorating high-temperature strength. Revealed that you can. Details will be described in Examples.

【0009】[0009]

【実施例】以下に実施例に基づいて本発明を説明する。
本発明のボルト材は、ニッケル基超合金のナイモニック
80Aを基本としており、その成分を変更することによ
りクリープ延性の優れた高強度のボルト材の製造を可能
にしたものである。表1には試験に供した材料の化学成
分をまとめて示す。全ての材料は50kg真空高周波溶
解炉にて溶製し、次いで高温にて鍛造を行い各種試験に
供した。表2に各試験材の常温における機械的性質を示
す。
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below based on embodiments.
The bolt material of the present invention is based on Nimonic 80A of a nickel-base superalloy, and by changing its components, it is possible to produce a high-strength bolt material having excellent creep ductility. Table 1 summarizes the chemical components of the materials subjected to the test. All the materials were melted in a 50 kg vacuum high-frequency melting furnace, then forged at high temperature and subjected to various tests. Table 2 shows the mechanical properties of each test material at room temperature.

【0010】[0010]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0011】[0011]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【0012】この結果から、本発明材は強度的には比較
材と差はないが、伸びや絞りなどの延性や衝撃値で示さ
れる靱性が比較材に比べて良好であることがわかる。た
だし、比較材の中で材料番号10は延性靱性とも本発明
材並びに良好であるが、後述するクリープ破断特性にお
いて十分な破断強度が得られていない。
From the results, it can be seen that the material of the present invention is not different in strength from the comparative material, but has better ductility such as elongation and drawing and toughness indicated by impact value than the comparative material. However, among the comparative materials, Material No. 10 is excellent in ductility toughness as well as the material of the present invention, but does not have sufficient breaking strength in creep rupture characteristics described later.

【0013】また、表3に本発明材及び比較材のクリー
プ破断試験結果の例を示すが、本発明材のクリープ破断
延性は比較材に比べて格段に優れていることがわかる。
Further, Table 3 shows examples of the results of creep rupture test of the material of the present invention and the comparative material.

【0014】[0014]

【表3】 [Table 3]

【0015】さらに本発明材のクリープ破断試験結果を
図1、図2に示すが、本発明材は比較材と同等のクリー
プ破断強さを有すると同時に比較材に比べて遙に高い延
性を有することがわかる。また、図3には本発明材の時
効処理条件の違いによるクリープ破断延性への影響につ
いて示したものであるが、2段時効材よりも3段時効処
理材の方が高い延性を有することがわかる。図1〜図3
とも横軸はラルソン・ミラーパラメータであり、温度と
破断時間で決まる値である。
1 and 2 show the creep rupture test results of the material of the present invention. The material of the present invention has the same creep rupture strength as the comparative material and at the same time has much higher ductility than the comparative material. You can see that. FIG. 3 shows the effect on the creep rupture ductility due to the difference in the aging conditions of the material of the present invention. The three-stage aging material has a higher ductility than the two-stage aging material. Understand. 1 to 3
In both cases, the horizontal axis is the Larson-Miller parameter, which is a value determined by the temperature and the rupture time.

【0016】[0016]

【発明の効果】本発明のボルト材は優れた高温強度を有
し、延性、靱性の良好な材料であることから、500℃
を越える温度で使用できる信頼性の高い高温用ボルト材
である。本発明により、今後多数製造が予定されている
超高温蒸気タービンの製造に寄与することはもとより通
常の蒸気タービンのボルト材の高信頼性の確保の上から
も産業上有益である。
The bolt material of the present invention has excellent high-temperature strength and good ductility and toughness.
Highly reliable high-temperature bolt material that can be used at temperatures exceeding Industrial Applicability The present invention contributes to the production of an ultra-high-temperature steam turbine, which is to be produced in large numbers in the future, and is industrially advantageous from the viewpoint of ensuring high reliability of bolt materials of a normal steam turbine.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】2段時効処理を施した本発明試験材のクリープ
破断強さ及び絞りを示す図表。
FIG. 1 is a chart showing the creep rupture strength and drawing of a test material of the present invention subjected to a two-stage aging treatment.

【図2】3段時効処理を施した本発明試験材のクリープ
破断強さ及び絞りを示す図表。
FIG. 2 is a table showing creep rupture strength and drawing of a test material of the present invention subjected to three-stage aging treatment.

【図3】本発明材の2段時効処理材と3段時効処理材の
クリープ破断延性を比較した図表。
FIG. 3 is a table comparing the creep rupture ductility of the two-stage aging material and the three-stage aging material of the present invention.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 近藤 武志 長崎県長崎市飽の浦町1番1号 三菱重 工業株式会社長崎造船所内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭56−163233(JP,A) 特開 昭62−167836(JP,A) 特開 昭62−170444(JP,A) 特開 昭50−87918(JP,A) 特公 平2−32338(JP,B2) 特公 昭61−28746(JP,B1) 特公 昭61−46539(JP,B1) 特公 昭56−42657(JP,B1) 特公 昭51−8813(JP,B1) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) C22C 19/05 C22F 1/10 F16B 35/00 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Takeshi Kondo 1-1, Akunouramachi, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Nagasaki Shipyard (56) References JP-A-56-163233 (JP, A) JP-A-62-167836 (JP, A) JP-A-62-170444 (JP, A) JP-A-50-87918 (JP, A) JP-B-2-32338 (JP, B2) JP-B-61-28746 (JP, A) , B1) JP-B-61-46539 (JP, B1) JP-B-56-42657 (JP, B1) JP-B-51-8813 (JP, B1) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB Name) C22C 19/05 C22F 1/10 F16B 35/00

Claims (2)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】 重量比で炭素:0.04〜0.1%、シ
リコン:1%以下、マンガン:1%以下、クロム:18
〜21%、アルミニウム:1〜1.8%、チタン:1〜
1.8%、鉄:1.5%以下及び不可避的不純物及びニ
ッケルからなることを特徴とする、火力発電用蒸気ター
ビンに使用可能な高温ボルト材。
1. A weight ratio of carbon: 0.04 to 0.1%, silicon: 1% or less, manganese: 1% or less, chromium: 18
~ 21%, aluminum: 1 to 1.8%, titanium: 1 to 1%
1.8%, iron: 1.5% or less, unavoidable impurities and nickel, characterized in that the steam turbine for thermal power generation
High temperature bolt material that can be used for bottles .
【請求項2】 重量比で炭素:0.04〜0.1%、シ
リコン:1%以下、マンガン:1%以下、クロム:18
〜21%、アルミニウム:1〜1.8%、チタン:1〜
1.8%、鉄:1.5%以下及び不可避的不純物及びニ
ッケルからなり、溶解後熱間鍛造を行ったのち、100
0〜1120℃での溶体化処理、820〜880℃での
第1段時効処理、700〜750℃での第2段時効処
理、600〜650℃での第3段時効処理を行ってなる
ことを特徴とする、火力発電用蒸気タービンに使用可能
高温ボルト材。
2. A weight ratio of carbon: 0.04 to 0.1%, silicon: 1% or less, manganese: 1% or less, chromium: 18
~ 21%, aluminum: 1 to 1.8%, titanium: 1 to 1%
1.8%, iron: 1.5% or less, inevitable impurities and nickel, and after melting and hot forging, 100%
Solution treatment at 0 to 1120 ° C, first-stage aging at 820 to 880 ° C, second-stage aging at 700 to 750 ° C, and third-stage aging at 600 to 650 ° C Can be used in steam turbines for thermal power generation
High temperature bolt material such.
JP12858992A 1992-05-21 1992-05-21 High temperature bolt material Expired - Fee Related JP3254002B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12858992A JP3254002B2 (en) 1992-05-21 1992-05-21 High temperature bolt material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12858992A JP3254002B2 (en) 1992-05-21 1992-05-21 High temperature bolt material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0674224A JPH0674224A (en) 1994-03-15
JP3254002B2 true JP3254002B2 (en) 2002-02-04

Family

ID=14988496

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP12858992A Expired - Fee Related JP3254002B2 (en) 1992-05-21 1992-05-21 High temperature bolt material

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3254002B2 (en)

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EP1816357A1 (en) * 2006-02-02 2007-08-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Screw for a thermally charged environment
JP2010053976A (en) * 2008-08-28 2010-03-11 Hitachi Ltd Bolt fastening structure
JP6012454B2 (en) * 2012-12-21 2016-10-25 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 Forged member and steam turbine rotor, steam turbine rotor blade, boiler piping, boiler tube and steam turbine bolt using the same

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