JP3248738B2 - Concrete construction with waterproof construction - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waterproofed concrete structure, for example, a tunnel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a tunnel whose inner wall is solidified with lining concrete or shotcrete, moisture from the ground penetrates through cracks or joints formed in the concrete, reaches the inner wall of the tunnel, and falls as water droplets. It is known to attach a rubber sheet or a vinyl chloride sheet to an inner wall to prevent water drops from falling. However, the construction is not easy. The sheet is usually 1 m wide, but it takes a lot of effort to stick it to the tunnel ceiling without gaps. Also, first apply the adhesive to the inner wall of the tunnel,
The adhesive must be applied quickly while the adhesive is dry.

[0003] It is also known to spray and solidify a polyurethane material onto the concrete inner wall. However, when the polyurethane raw material is sprayed and solidified on the concrete wet with water, the isocyanate group reacts with water, so that the concrete does not sufficiently adhere to the concrete surface, and the physical properties of the polyurethane film itself are poor. Therefore, it is necessary to dry the concrete surface in advance, which is disadvantageous in practical use.

[0004]

The present invention relates to a concrete structure such as a tunnel provided with waterproofing, which is easy to construct, guarantees reliable waterproofing for a long time, and has no leakage even when the water osmotic pressure is high. It is an object of the present invention to provide a construct.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a waterproofed concrete structure in which a concrete surface is covered with a waterproof synthetic resin coating, wherein a concrete wall , filaments melt-spun from a synthetic polymer are mainly matted. A mat that is bent in the front and back directions to form a projection, intersects each other in some places, and is fused together at an intersecting position, a fixture for mechanically fixing the mat to a concrete wall surface, A concrete construction comprising a cloth or sheet disposed on the side opposite the concrete wall , and further a continuous coating of synthetic resin sprayed and solidified on the surface.

That is, in the present invention, the permeating water is collected in the mat layer instead of stopping the water as in the conventional sealant spraying. Therefore, when the osmotic pressure of water is high, it is not sealed with a high water pressure resistant seal, so that waterproofing is easy. The ease of construction will be apparent from the following description.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a concrete-covered tunnel. In FIG. 1, on the inner surface of the lining concrete (1), the above-mentioned mat (2) is fixed (3).
They are mechanically fixed, for example by concrete nails, nails in combination with various discs, bolts or plugs. On the surface of the mat (2) opposite to the concrete wall (1), a cloth or sheet, for example, a non-woven fabric (4) is arranged, on which a continuous coating (5) of spray-solidified synthetic resin adheres. ing. The mat (2) is preferably ancestral, so that, for example, a nonwoven (4) is arranged between the mat (2) and the continuous coating (5), which supports the sprayed plastic coating.

[0008] The water that has permeated the inner wall of the tunnel flows down the gap in the mat and is guided to a drain or a drain pipe (6).

In the construction, a mat (2) having an appropriate size, for example, a size of 50 cm to 2 m on one side is applied to the inner surface of the lining concrete (1), and concrete nails are struck from above on the mat (2). Is fixed. The mat is moderately flexible and easily conforms to the curvature of the tunnel inner wall. The mat is lightweight and it is easy to secure it to the ceiling of the tunnel. After fixing the mat and the cloth to a predetermined area, the synthetic resin or its raw material is uniformly sprayed on one surface to be solidified. In order to arrange the nonwoven fabric between the mat and the coating, use a material in which the nonwoven fabric has been bonded to the mat in advance by means of an adhesive or fusion, or apply the nonwoven fabric on the mat at the time of construction, and then put concrete on the mat. They can be nailed together and fixed together. Alternatively, an appropriately sized mat (2) and nonwoven fabric (4) are laminated, a synthetic resin is sprayed on the nonwoven fabric side, a solidified member is prepared in advance, and the member is laid on a concrete wall at the site and fixed, and then joined. It can be made waterproof by spraying and solidifying a synthetic resin.

The mat itself used in the present invention can be produced by a known method (Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-91 of the present applicant).
No. 86, JP-B-62-18666 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,252,590). The filaments forming the mat preferably have a diameter of 0.2 to 1.5 mm and a mat thickness of preferably 5 to 70 mm, especially 10 to 30 mm. As shown in FIG. 2, the filament mainly bends in the direction of the front and back of the mat to form a projection, and constitutes an integrated mat as a whole. Preferably, the density of the projections is 10 to 200 per 10 cm square. Preferably the mat is 10
It has an area weight of 0 to 4,000, especially 200 to 1,000 g / m ² , and is lightweight and flexible. Commercially available mats include Enkamat P32, ST and TP, with filament diameters of 0.54 mm, 0.55 mm, 0.55 mm, respectively.
Thickness 17mm, 22mm, 10mm, area weight 640 g / m ² ,
It has 950 g / m ² and 950 g / m ² .

The synthetic polymer forming the mat can be a polyamide, polyester, polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, or a mixture or conjugate thereof. Particularly, nylon-6 or polypropylene is preferable. Conventional additives may be mixed.

As the cloth to be arranged on the mat, a known nonwoven fabric can be used from the viewpoint of low cost, and it is preferably composed of a core / sheath conjugate yarn of polyester / nylon-6. As the sheet, a sheet of a synthetic resin is used. These cloths or sheets must have good adhesion to the synthetic resin sprayed thereon, or otherwise require treatment to improve adhesion. It should be noted that the mat of Con
The surface facing the cleat wall can also be provided with a cloth, in particular a nonwoven.

The synthetic resin forming the continuous coating may be any resin that can be sprayed and solidified, and is preferably polyurethane. In particular, it is preferable to spray and solidify a two-component polyurethane material composed of a polyisocyanate solution and a polyol (particularly, a polyether-polyol) solution. Such two
Liquid polyurethane raw materials are commercially available as Old Plain-S or Old Roof (both trademarks, Bufa, Germany). In general, when a waterproof layer using polyurethane is applied, it is recommended to apply a primer (for example, epoxy resin) in advance, but in the case of the present invention, it is not particularly necessary. The polyurethane coating preferably has a thickness of 2 to 6 mm. The two-component polyurethane raw material already solidifies to a considerable hardness 10 to 15 seconds after spraying, and finally solidifies at 20 ° C. for one week.

The waterproof construction of the above-mentioned tunnels and the like is as follows.
This can be done not only for new tunnels, but also for retrofitting old tunnels. In old tunnels, not only water penetrates and wets the surface of the tunnel walls, but also dust and mold adhere to them, so they do not adhere even when sprayed with a waterproof sealant. It needed to be adjusted. However, according to the present invention, it is not necessary and the construction can be performed immediately.

[0015] The concrete structure of the present invention comprises:
The slope may be a pond, a dam, a river, or the like, and the water is not confined but drained to a mat layer.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0017]

The present invention was applied to a tunnel-like concrete wall made as a model.

As the mat, a commercially available mat as Enkamat P32 was used. It consists of nylon-6 filament (0.54mm diameter), 17mm thick,
The areal density is 640 g / m ² and the width is 1 m. On one side of the mat, a non-woven fabric made of polyester / nylon-6 conjugate yarn is adhered. The bonding was performed by pressing the nonwoven fabric while the mat was soft.

The mat was applied to an arch wall of a tunnel ceiling and fixed to the wall with 6 concrete nails / m ² . Next, while sequentially moving toward the side wall, a number of mats were brought into contact with each other and fixed to the wall without any gap. The work was easy.

Next, an Old Plane-S (Buf)
Company A, a two-component polyurethane raw material composed of a modified polyether-polyol and a polyisocyanate curing agent) was sprayed with a two-component spraying machine, and quickly solidified without liquid dripping. When the film was broken and examined later, the film thickness was about 4 mm on average and about 2 mm even in a thin place.

One week after the spraying, a hole was made in one place of the mat on the ceiling of the tunnel, a tube was passed therethrough, and water was allowed to flow. That is, a tunnel leak was caused artificially, and the waterproofness was tested. During the test lasting 10 hours, there was no leakage from the polyurethane layer.

[0022]

The waterproofed concrete structure of the present invention can be constructed without any pretreatment even if the construction surface is wet, dusty or moldy. Moreover, compared with the conventional waterproof construction, it can be made by an extremely easy operation. Since it does not stop the water permeating the concrete, even if the permeation pressure of the water is high, it can be reliably waterproofed and drained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a waterproofed concrete structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a mat.

[Brief description of reference numerals]

 1: Lining concrete 2: Mat 3: Fixture 4: Non-woven fabric 5: Synthetic resin coating 6: Drain

Continuation of front page (72) Inventor C. M. Boydecker The Netherlands 6681 XG Bemer Doctor. W. R. Bow Dick Bastien Sestrat 7 (56) References JP-A-63-59532 (JP, A) JP-A-2-200949 (JP, A) JP-A-57-140500 (JP, A) 9186 (JP, B2)

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. In a waterproofed concrete structure having a concrete surface covered with a waterproof synthetic resin coating, a filament melt-spun from a concrete wall or a synthetic polymer bends mainly in the front and back directions of a mat. A mat that forms projections, intersects each other in some places, and is fused together at the intersecting position, a fixture for mechanically fixing the mat to a concrete wall surface, concrete of the mat
A concrete construction comprising a cloth or sheet disposed on the side opposite the wall , and a continuous coating of synthetic resin sprayed and solidified on the surface. 2. The filament forming the mat has a diameter of 0.2.
Is 1.5 mm, a mat thickness of 5～70Mm, concrete construct of claim 1, wherein the area weight is 100~4,000g / m ^2. 3. The concrete structure according to claim 1, wherein the continuous coating of the synthetic resin is obtained by spraying and solidifying a two-component polyurethane material comprising a polyol and a polyisocyanate. 4. The concrete structure according to claim 1, wherein the concrete wall is lining concrete of a tunnel or shotcrete.