JP3244244B2 - Anti-vibration rubber, anti-vibration support device and installation method thereof - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an anti-vibration system for preventing vibration transmitted to a building, and more particularly to an anti-vibration rubber, an anti-vibration support device using the same, and a method of installing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When vibrating mechanical equipment such as a mechanical multi-story parking device or a cooling tower is installed in a building, or when a person walks or violently moves on a floor surface that is likely to vibrate, the vibration is generated by the structure of the building. And transmitted as solid-borne noise to each room in the building, and radiated as noise into the room. Such noise is particularly problematic in buildings that place importance on the living environment, such as apartment houses and hotels. (Hereinafter, mechanical equipment that vibrates including a vibrating floor surface is referred to as a "vibration device.") To solve such a problem, conventionally, for example, JP-A-64-29582.
JP-A-1-168665, JP-A-1-26897
No. 4, etc., a support structure using a vibration isolator has been proposed and used.

[0003]

However, the vibration damping material disclosed in the prior art sandwiches a rubber member having a metal plate joined at both ends between a building and the vibration damping material. Since the weight, vibration, and the like change, it is necessary to change the rubber material, shape, and the like, and there is a problem that replacement is difficult when deteriorated due to long-term use. Further, such a conventional vibration-proof material is cylindrical or rectangular, has a small deflection (for example, 7% or less), and has a fixed vibration damping characteristic. It became necessary to manufacture the vibration material separately as appropriate, which also caused an increase in cost. Also, once installed, there is a problem that the characteristics of the vibration isolator cannot be adjusted at all. Therefore, for example, when used in a multi-story parking device, if the deflection characteristics are emphasized and the vehicle is easily flexed, the amount of displacement greatly varies depending on the presence or absence of the vehicle, causing a problem that a step occurs at the entry portion of the vehicle. There were problems such as poor attenuation characteristics and increased noise.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem. That is, the present invention can be manufactured in a state where the bending characteristics and the damping characteristics of the desired vibration isolating material meeting various vibration devices are adjusted, and can be installed in a site by the same process as a normal process. Anti-vibration rubber and anti-vibration support using this can be newly attached and replaced even after installation, and also fine-tune the flexural characteristics and damping characteristics of the anti-vibration material on site even after installation An apparatus and an installation method thereof are provided.

[0005]

According to the present invention, a plurality of hollow elastic members stacked coaxially, a supporting member sandwiched between the elastic members and connected to a vibration device, An installation member having a flat surface in contact with the lowermost ends of the plurality of elastic bodies and adapted to be attached to the installation surface, and a pre-compression device for holding the hollow elastic body in a compressed state. A vibration support device is provided. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pre-compression device extends upward through the plurality of elastic bodies, and has a lower end fixed to the mounting member; And a nut for compressing the plurality of elastic bodies via a washer in contact with the uppermost end of the elastic body. The support member has a work space for adjusting a compression state of the hollow elastic body by the precompression device. Further, according to the present invention, the projection has a hollow cylindrical shape having a through hole in the center, the outer edge at both ends and the inner edge at one end of the cross-sectional shape are arc-shaped, and the inner edge at the other end protrudes outward in the axial direction. A vibration-proof rubber used as a hollow elastic body of the vibration-proof support device is provided.

Further, a plurality of hollow elastic bodies stacked coaxially, a supporting member sandwiched between the elastic bodies and connected to a vibration device, and a plane contacting the lowermost ends of the plurality of elastic bodies Having a mounting member adapted to be attached to a mounting surface, and a pre-compression device for holding the hollow elastic body in a compressed state, further compressing the elastic body by the pre-compression device in the axial direction. A method is provided for mounting the vibration-damping support device, wherein the bending is performed, whereby the position of the support member is displaced downward, and the support member is installed or removed between the vibration device and the installation surface.

[0007]

In the vibration-isolating rubber according to the present invention, the outer edges at both ends and the inner edge at one end of the cross-sectional shape are arc-shaped. Therefore, before compression, the rubber comes into contact with a plane contacting the lower end of the vibration-isolating rubber with a circular line. When the contact portion spreads in a donut shape, a large deformation can be performed in the axial direction. Further, since it has a hollow cylindrical shape having a through hole in the center and has a projection projecting outward in the axial direction at the inner edge of the other end, a plurality of flat plates having holes large enough to accommodate the projection are prevented. By compressing the anti-vibration rubber with the bolts and nuts passing through the through holes and being sandwiched between the anti-vibration rubbers, the bolt and the flat plate can be reliably separated by the anti-vibration rubber.

Further, the vibration-proof support device of the present invention has a support member sandwiched between a plurality of elastic bodies and connected to a vibration device, and a plane contacting the lowermost ends of the plurality of elastic bodies. And a pre-compression device for holding the hollow elastic body in a compressed state, so that the elastic body is pre-compressed by the pre-compression device for optimal vibration isolation. Can be set to characteristics. That is, for example, when the amount of displacement due to the presence or absence of a vehicle becomes a problem as in a multi-story parking device, it is possible to make use of the large amount of displacement described above to set elastic characteristics with less displacement due to a load difference, and to provide a damping characteristic. Is important, the amount of compression of the elastic body can be changed to set the optimum damping characteristics.

A bolt having a lower end fixed to the mounting member, and a washer screwed to the bolt and in contact with the uppermost end of the plurality of elastic members; And a nut for compressing the plurality of elastic bodies through the elastic member, the elastic body can be pre-compressed by screwing the bolt and the nut to easily set the optimum vibration isolation characteristics. Also, if the support member is provided with a work space for adjusting the compression state of the hollow elastic body by the pre-compression device,
Fine adjustment after installation can be easily performed.

Further, according to the installation method of the vibration isolating support device of the present invention, the elastic member is further compressed by the pre-compression device to bend in the axial direction, so that the position of the support member is displaced downward. It can be removed by lowering the overall height and inserting it between the shaker and the mounting surface, installing it, or pulling it out from between. Thus, the apparatus can be installed even after the installation of the mechanical equipment, and can be easily replaced even if it has deteriorated due to long-term use.

[0011]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, common parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. FIG. 1 is a side view (A), a side sectional view (B), and a side sectional view (C) of a vibration-proof rubber according to the present invention when deformed. In FIG. 1, an anti-vibration rubber 2 of the present invention has a hollow cylindrical shape having a through hole 1 in the center,
The outer edge 2a at both ends and the inner edge 2b at one end of the cross-sectional shape are arc-shaped, and the other inner edge has a projection 2c protruding outward in the axial direction. With this configuration, as shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C, when the anti-vibration rubber 2 is sandwiched and compressed by the flat plates 3 and 4 having holes large enough to accommodate the protruding portions 2c, Since the outer edges 2a at both ends of the cross-sectional shape of FIG. The amount of displacement in the direction can be increased. In this case, the arc-shaped portions of the outer edges 2a at both ends are preferably deformed in the same manner, but are not limited to this. In addition, the curvature of the outer edges 2a at both ends may be different.
May have a tapered outer peripheral surface. Further, the flat plate 4 does not necessarily need a hole for accommodating the projection 2c.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the vibration-isolating rubber 2 is a hollow cylindrical shape having a through hole 1 at the center and has a projection 2c protruding outward in the axial direction at the inner edge of the other end.
A flat plate 3 having a hole having a size to accommodate the projection 2c is sandwiched between a plurality of vibration isolating rubbers 2, and a bolt
By compressing the anti-vibration rubber with a nut (not shown),
The bolt and the flat plate 3 can be reliably separated by the vibration-proof rubber 2. The inner diameter of the central through hole 1 substantially matches the outer diameter of the bolt to be used, and the vibration-proof rubber 2 can be accurately positioned by passing through the bolt. This inside diameter is
For example, it is preferable that the bolt has a middle diameter between the peak diameter and the trough diameter. Such a configuration will be described in detail in an anti-vibration support device described later.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view of an anti-vibration support device according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. is there. FIG.
4 shows a case in which two of the above-described anti-vibration rubbers 2 are laminated and used, and four laminated sets are used and arranged in a square. In addition,
The anti-vibration support device of the present invention does not necessarily need to use the anti-vibration rubber 2 described above, and may use a hollow elastic body having an appropriate shape, for example, a cylindrical or donut-shaped rubber or a flexible plastic. . In particular, in FIG. 2, only the rubber located at the top of the plurality of vibration isolating rubbers 2 may be a hollow elastic body having another shape.

2 and 3, a vibration isolating support device 10 according to the present invention has a plurality of hollow vibration isolating members coaxially laminated, having a projection 2c protruding outward in the axial direction at an inner edge of one end. A mounting member having a rubber, a support member sandwiched between the vibration-isolating rubbers and connected to the vibration applying device, and a flat surface a contacting the lowermost ends of the plurality of vibration-isolating rubbers; 6 and a pre-compression device 20 for holding the hollow elastic body (anti-vibration rubber 2) in a compressed state.
And consisting of In this embodiment, the pre-compression device 20 extends upward through the plurality of vibration isolating rubbers 2 and
4 includes a bolt 16 having a lower end fixed thereto, and a nut 18 which is screwed with the bolt 16 and compresses the plurality of vibration-isolating rubbers 2 via a washer 17 in contact with the uppermost ends of the plurality of vibration-isolating rubbers 2. Although the lower end of the bolt 16 is welded to the flat surface 14a of the installation member 14 in this figure, the installation member 14 may be penetrated and fixed by a nut or the like. In this figure, the washer 17 includes a lower plate 17a having a hole for accommodating the protrusion 2c, like the support member 12, and an upper plate 17b engaging with the nut 18.
Consists of

In FIG. 2, the vibration device 5 is a column base of a mechanical multi-story parking device or a column base of vibrating mechanical equipment such as a cooling tower. In this figure, the support member 12 is composed of a vertical plate 12a and a pair of upper and lower horizontal plates 12b, and a lower horizontal plate 12b is sandwiched between the vibration isolation rubbers 2 and an upper horizontal plate 12b. Are bolts and nuts 2 on the mounting surface of the vibration device 5.
It is fixed at 1 mag. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a hole for accommodating the projection 2c is provided in the lower horizontal plate 12b. With this configuration, the support member 12 has a work space for adjusting the compression state of the hollow elastic body by the pre-compression device. That is, the support member 12 has both a function as a member to which the upper steel column is attached and receives a load, and a spacer function as a fastening work space for the bolts 16, the nuts 18, the washers 17, and the like. As a result, the column is set on the upper part, so that a load can be evenly applied to each of the vibration isolation rubbers 2.

In FIGS. 2 and 4, the mounting member 14 is
Horizontal plate 14b in contact with the lowermost end of anti-vibration rubber 2, lower horizontal plate 1
The vertical plate 14c is located close to the outer periphery of 2b and prevents its lateral movement. A buffer material 14d (FIG. 4) such as rubber is adhered to the inner surface of the vertical plate 14c.

As shown in FIG. 2, the pedestal 15 is provided with a pair of channel members 15a facing each other and a pair of channel members 15b connecting these. A horizontal plate 15 is provided between the channel members 15a and 15b.
You may connect with c. The pedestal 15 can be used alone or integrally with the support member 12 and the installation member 14 by using anchor bolts 23 on a previously provided mansion 22 (set at a predetermined level) to the concrete surface 6 (installation surface) of the building. Installed in After that, for example, a steel frame as a frame of the mechanical multi-story parking device is erected, and beams as horizontal members are connected to form a frame.

With this configuration, the mounting member 14 and the support member 12 can be reliably separated from each other by the vibration-proof rubber 2 without the risk of the bolt 16 coming into contact with the support member 12 by the protrusion 2c protruding outward in the axial direction. it can. Also, bolt 16
By screwing the anti-vibration rubber 2 with the nut 18, the anti-vibration rubber 2 can be held in a pre-compressed state, and the anti-vibration rubber 2 can be set to an optimal anti-vibration characteristic. That is, for example, when the amount of displacement due to the presence or absence of a vehicle becomes a problem as in a multi-story parking device, it is possible to make use of the large amount of displacement described above to set elastic characteristics with less displacement due to a load difference, and to provide a damping characteristic. When is important, the compression amount of the vibration-proof rubber can be changed to set the optimum damping characteristics.

For these operations, pre-compression is performed at a factory, and a building frame can be completed on site by a method similar to the method of building a column steel frame. That is, in the construction process, it is preferable to first perform positioning by "inking out", then perform "anchor setting", and then construct the column steel frame with the vibration isolator of the present invention. In addition, "anchor set"
After that, the anti-vibration device of the present invention may be installed first, and then the column steel frame may be constructed.

FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 2, showing a state in which the vibration isolating rubber 2 is compressed by screwing the bolt 16 and the nut 18, and FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. is there. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the bolt 16 and the nut 1
8 compresses the vibration-isolating rubber 2 and deflects it in the axial direction, displacing the position of the support member 12 downward to lower its overall height, and between the upper surface of the support member 12 and the vibrating device 5. Gap Z
By forming, the anti-vibration support device of the present invention can be installed by inserting it between the vibration device 5 and the installation surface 6, or can be removed by pulling out from between. As a result, it can be installed even after the installation of mechanical equipment,
In addition, even if the battery deteriorates due to long-term use, it can be easily replaced. At this time, an interval between the vibration device 5 and the installation surface 6 is maintained by a suitable support device (for example, a jack). In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the support member 12 and the installation member 14 indicated by X may be integrally installed or replaced at the time of installation or replacement, or may be handled including the pedestal 15 as shown by Y. Good. In this case, the installation surface of the device is shown in FIG.
6a or 6b in FIG.

The anti-vibration support device of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
Or three or more sets may be used, or two, three, or five or more sets may be used alone, or may be used alone. Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, an example is shown in which the anti-vibration support device of the present invention is used vertically on a column base of machine equipment, but this may be used horizontally.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the anti-vibration support device 10 according to the present invention in the case where a set of two is used alone, and FIG. 8 shows an example of use of the anti-vibration support device 10. FIG.
The configuration of the anti-vibration support device 10 is the same as that of the anti-vibration support device shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, and is different only in that the stacked set is used alone. With such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 8, for example, the multi-story parking device can be easily used for anti-vibration support of horizontal vibration.

FIG. 9 is a test result showing an example of the relationship between the load and the displacement of the vibration isolating rubber 2 shown in FIG. The height of the anti-vibration rubber used in this test is 30 mm, and the vertical axis in FIG. 9 indicates the load (kg) acting on one anti-vibration rubber. As is clear from this figure, the vibration-proof rubber of the present invention
It has the characteristic that it can bend more than 50% of the total height and the amount of increase in displacement decreases as the load increases. Therefore, when no vibration is applied by using four vibration-isolating rubbers having the characteristics shown in FIG.
In the case of supporting a multi-story parking device of 6 tons (400 kg per car) and 3.2 tons (800 kg per car) at the time of loading, as shown in FIG. Although it fluctuates by about 5 mm, the anti-vibration support device of the present invention compresses the anti-vibration rubber in a state where it is bent, for example, by about 15 mm when no load is applied, so that it fluctuates by about 3 mm as shown in FIG. Can be suppressed. Therefore,
For example, when used in a multi-story parking device, if the amount of displacement due to the presence or absence of a vehicle poses a problem, the displacement due to the load difference can be set small using this characteristic. Also,
In this example, the conventional support structure at the time of installation is about 10 m
Although it is necessary to anticipate a displacement of m, the anti-vibration support device of the present invention can be compressed into a bent state in advance, so that it is not necessary to anticipate a displacement at the time of installation, and the device can be accurately installed.

FIG. 10 is a test result showing an example of the relationship between the frequency and the attenuation of the vibration isolating support device shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 11 is a frequency ratio f / fn in which the result of FIG. 10 is plotted.
FIG. 5 is a relationship diagram between the vibration transmission coefficient T and the vibration transmission rate T. From FIG. 10, it is understood that an attenuation amount of 10 to 30 dB can be obtained by using the anti-vibration support device. Further, from FIG. 11 plotting the results, it can be seen that the vibration transmissibility T by the anti-vibration support device of the present invention is very small, about 0.05 to 0.3.

Next, a method of adjusting the damping characteristic in the vibration isolating support device of the present invention will be described. In general, when a vibrating body having a mass m is supported by an elastic body (rubber, spring, etc.) having a spring constant k in a one-degree-of-freedom vibration system, a natural frequency fn = (k / m) ^1/2 / 2π ···・ Since the static deflection δ due to the gravity mg = mg / k..., If g is 980 cm / s ² , fn = (980 / (4 · π ² · δ)) ^1/2 ≒ 5 / δ ^1/2
... can be expressed.

As is clear from the equation, the natural frequency fn
Increases as the spring constant k increases. As shown in FIG. 9, the anti-vibration rubber of the present invention has a characteristic that the increase in displacement decreases as the load increases, and the spring constant k corresponding to the gradient of the line in FIG. 9 increases as the displacement increases. . Therefore, from the formula, the natural frequency fn increases at the position where the displacement amount is large. Therefore, in the anti-vibration support device of the present invention, the spring constant k of the anti-vibration rubber is reduced by compressing the anti-vibration rubber 2 by screwing the bolt 16 and the nut 18 together.
, And f / fn can be changed to adjust the vibration transmissibility T.

As described above, since the anti-vibration rubber according to the present invention has a semicircular shape at both ends of the cross-sectional shape, it comes into contact with the plane contacting the lower end of the anti-vibration rubber with a circular line before compression and is compressed. As the contact part spreads like a donut, large deformation can be caused in the axial direction. In addition, since the inner edge portion has a projection protruding outward in the axial direction, a flat plate having a hole large enough to accommodate the projection is sandwiched between a plurality of vibration-isolating rubbers, and the bolt / nut passing through the through hole is provided. By compressing the anti-vibration rubber, the bolt and the flat plate can be surely separated by the anti-vibration rubber.

Further, the anti-vibration support device of the present invention can compress the anti-vibration rubber in advance by screwing a bolt and a nut to set an optimum anti-vibration characteristic. However, when the amount of displacement due to the presence or absence of the vehicle is a problem, the large displacement can be used to set the elastic characteristics to minimize the displacement due to the load difference. The optimal damping characteristics can be set by changing the compression amount of the vibration rubber.

Further, according to the installation method of the vibration isolating support device of the present invention, the vibration isolating rubber is compressed by screwing the bolt and the nut to bend in the axial direction, thereby displacing the position of the supporting member downward. Can be removed by inserting it between the vibrating device and the installation surface, or by pulling it out from between, and can be installed even after the installation of mechanical equipment, and It can be easily replaced even if it has deteriorated due to long-term use.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0031]

As described above, the anti-vibration rubber of the present invention, the anti-vibration support device using the anti-vibration rubber, and the method of installing the anti-vibration rubber are provided with the desired bending and damping characteristics of the anti-vibration material to meet various vibration devices. It can be installed in the same process as the normal process at the site, it can be newly installed and replaced even after the installation of mechanical equipment, and the deflection of the vibration isolating material after installation It has excellent effects such as fine adjustment of characteristics and attenuation characteristics on site.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing an anti-vibration rubber according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view of an anti-vibration support device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an overall side view of the vibration damping support device in a compressed state.

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is another overall side view of the anti-vibration support device according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of use of the anti-vibration support device of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a test result showing an example of a relationship between a load and a displacement amount of the vibration isolating rubber of FIG.

10 is a test result showing an example of the relationship between the frequency and the amount of attenuation of the vibration isolation support device shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a frequency ratio f / fn and a vibration transmissibility T.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 through hole 2 anti-vibration rubber 2 a outer edge of both ends 2 b inner edge of one end 2 c protrusion 3, 4 flat plate 5 vibrating device 6 installation surface 10 anti-vibration support device 12 support member 14 installation member 16 bolt 17 washer 18 nut 20 precompression device 21 Bolt / Nut 22 Manju 23 Anchor bolt

Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kenichi Nakaya 786-14 Shinkoji-cho, Machida-shi, Tokyo 1-333-10, Ogawahigashi-cho, Ichigo-shi (56) References Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-19698 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E04H 6/00-9/00 E02D 27/00 F16F 7/00-15/00

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of hollow elastic bodies laminated coaxially,
The elastic member is sandwiched between the elastic members so as to be connected to the vibration device.
And the plane that contacts the lowermost ends of the elastic bodies.
Mounting member having a mounting surface
And a pre-compression device for holding the hollow elastic body in a compressed state
And an anti-vibration support device comprising: 2. The pre-compression device according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of elastic bodies are
Penetrates upwardly and has a lower end fixed to the mounting member.
Bolts and the top ends of the plurality of elastic bodies screwed with the bolts
Compressing the plurality of elastic bodies via washers in contact with
The nut according to claim 1, comprising a nut.
Anti-vibration support device. 3. The pre-compression device according to claim 3, wherein the support member is
It has a working space for adjusting the compression state of the hollow elastic body.
The anti-vibration support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: 4. A hollow cylindrical shape having a through hole in the center.
The outer edge of both ends of the cross-sectional shape and the inner edge of one end are arc-shaped.
And a projection protruding outward in the axial direction on the inner edge of the other end.
The hollow elastic body according to claim 1, wherein the hollow elastic body has
Anti-vibration rubber used as. 5. A plurality of hollow elastic bodies laminated coaxially,
A support member sandwiched between the elastic bodies and adapted to be connected to the vibration device, and a mounting member having a plane contacting the lowermost ends of the plurality of elastic bodies, and being adapted to be attached to the mounting surface, A pre-compression device for holding the hollow elastic body in a compressed state, further compressing the elastic body by the pre-compression device to bend in the axial direction, thereby displacing the position of the support member downward, A method for installing an anti-vibration support device, comprising: installing the device between a vibrating device and an installation surface or removing the device from the space therebetween.