JP3236140U - Steam heat treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a steaming heat treatment apparatus effective for measures against root rot of sweet potato.
SOLUTION: A steaming heat treatment apparatus S is provided with a steam flow generation chamber 11 and a processing chamber 12 inside a box-shaped casing 10, and a storage container 1 for storing post-harvest sweet potatoes is arranged in multiple stages in the processing chamber 12. , The steam flow generated in the steam flow generation chamber 11 is supplied from the lower communication port 20 to the lower space of the processing chamber 12, passes upward through the processing chamber 12, and returned from the upper communication port 26 to the steam flow generation chamber 11. The sweet potatoes in the storage container 1 arranged in multiple stages in the processing chamber 12 are steamed and heat-treated. The entire circumference of the storage container 1 arranged in the above surface except the upper and lower surfaces is covered with the cover sheet 40.
[Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

There is an application for application of Article 30, Paragraph 2 of the Patent Act, which is applied mutatis mutandis in Article 11 of the Practical New Plan Act. It is a face.

The present invention relates to a steaming heat treatment apparatus, and particularly to a steaming heat treatment apparatus effective for measures against root rot of sweet potato.

Sweet potatoes are cultivated all over the country as important crops, have been popular for food for a long time, and are widely used as raw materials for starch and shochu. The main production areas are Kagoshima prefecture, Ibaraki prefecture, Chiba prefecture, Miyazaki prefecture, Tokushima prefecture, etc. Among them, Kagoshima prefecture has a widespread Shirasu plateau suitable for growing sweet potatoes, and it has become a production area that accounts for about 40% of the national production. There is.

However, recently, outbreaks of basal rot (Motogusare) disease for sweet potatoes have been confirmed in Okinawa, Kagoshima, and Miyazaki prefectures, and have been confirmed in various parts of the country since then. The root rot for sweet potatoes is caused by filamentous fungi, and when this disease occurs, the leaves discolor and grow poorly, and the roots turn black and rot. In addition, sweet potatoes that grow underground also change color from the mouth. For this reason, the outbreak of root rot causes problems such as a drastic decrease in the yield of sweet potato and a shortage of raw materials such as starch and shochu, and countermeasures against root rot of sweet potato have been regarded as an urgent issue.

The applicant first steams the fruits and vegetables at a low temperature (43 ° C.) using saturated steam and heat to kill the Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera dorsalis adhering to the fruits and vegetables (Patent Document 1), which occurs on the surface of the fruits and vegetables. We have proposed a device (Patent Document 2) that sterilizes bacteria with steam heat at a high temperature (50 ° C. or higher) and suppresses the outbreak of diseases.

Special Publication No. 61-1094 Utility Model Registration No. 3153127

The devices of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are devices for the purpose of processing the former for the purpose of killing Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera dorsalis, and the latter for the purpose of sterilizing anthrax bacteria that cause black spots on the surface of mango fruits. It is a device that treats at a high temperature of ℃ or higher, and it is difficult to apply it as it is to the root rot of sweet potato. If the harvested sweet potatoes do not show any symptoms such as discoloration, it is unknown whether the sweet potatoes are infected with basal rot or the bacteria have invaded the sweet potatoes at the time of harvesting. There was a problem that the infection was discovered only after discoloration or rot.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a steaming heat treatment apparatus effective for measures against root rot of sweet potato.

In order to achieve the above object, the steaming heat treatment apparatus according to the present invention is
A steam flow generation chamber and a treatment chamber are provided inside the box-shaped casing, and storage containers for storing sweet potatoes after harvesting are arranged in multiple stages in the treatment chamber, and the steam flow generated in the steam flow generation chamber is transmitted to the lower communication port. Is supplied to the lower part of the processing chamber, and is circulated so as to pass through the processing chamber upward and return to the steam flow generation chamber from the upper communication port, and steam heat treatment is performed to steam the sweet potatoes in the storage containers arranged in multiple stages in the processing chamber. It ’s a device,
The storage container has an open upper surface and is provided with a large number of ventilation holes on the side surfaces and the lower surface, and the entire circumference of the storage container arranged in multiple stages except the upper and lower surfaces is covered with a cover sheet. Is the main feature.

The steaming heat treatment apparatus according to the present invention is
The storage containers arranged in multiple stages in the processing chamber are arranged in a large number of rows, and the entire circumference of the storage containers arranged in the multi-stage and multiple rows except for the upper and lower surfaces is covered with the cover sheet. This is the second feature.

The steaming heat treatment apparatus according to the present invention is
An outer cover is provided on the outer periphery of the cover sheet, and a part of the steam flow introduced into the processing chamber is introduced between the cover sheet and the outer cover into the second and subsequent stages or the uppermost storage container through the ventilation holes on the side surface. The third feature is that the steam guide path to be introduced is formed, and an opening serving as an outlet of the steam guide path is provided in a part of the cover sheet.

The steaming heat treatment apparatus according to the present invention is
The processing chamber is a transport means for carrying in and out the storage containers having a door at the entrance of the processing chamber and arranged in multiple stages and rows on the pallet with the pallet to the processing chamber in which the door is opened. The fourth feature is that it is arranged in.

The steaming heat treatment apparatus according to the present invention is
The fifth feature is to provide a control means for adjusting the temperature in the treatment chamber to the acclimatization treatment temperature for a certain period of time and then to the steaming heat treatment temperature for a certain period of time.

The steaming heat treatment apparatus according to the present invention is
The sixth feature is that it is provided with a first measuring means for measuring the temperature and humidity in the processing chamber and a second measuring means for measuring the internal temperature of the sweet potato stored in the storage containers arranged in multiple stages in the processing chamber.

As described above, according to the steaming heat treatment apparatus according to the present invention, the storage containers containing the sweet potatoes after harvesting are stacked in multiple stages and placed in the processing chamber with the circumference excluding the upper and lower surfaces covered with a cover sheet, and steamed. By performing the heat treatment, the sweet potatoes after harvesting can be sterilized without being transferred to another storage container, and effective countermeasures against basal rot can be taken.

In addition, since the sweet potatoes after harvesting can be sterilized without being transferred to another storage container, the burden on the harvesting workers and storage workers can be greatly reduced, and the sweet potatoes are dedicated to steam heat treatment. Since it is not necessary to prepare the boxes, the storage space for them is not required.

Structural drawing of the steaming heat treatment apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, Front view of the steam heat treatment apparatus of FIG. A side view showing a state in which storage containers containing sweet potatoes are stacked. (A) is a state before the cover sheet is hung, and (B) is a state in which the surroundings are covered with a cover sheet. FIG. 3B shows a multi-tiered storage container containing sweet potatoes, (A) is a plan view, and (B) is a bottom view. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the steam heat treatment apparatus of FIG. It is a structure and operation diagram of the steaming heat treatment apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a steaming heat treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and reference numeral S indicates a steaming heat treatment apparatus.

The steaming heat treatment apparatus S is an apparatus for steaming and heat-treating sweet potatoes using steam and heat to sterilize and disinfect the basal rot fungi infected with sweet potatoes, and the steaming heat treatment apparatus S is as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. , A steam flow generation chamber 11 and a processing chamber 12 are provided inside the box-shaped casing 10. The steam flow generation chamber 11 and the processing chamber 12 are partitioned to the left and right by a partition plate 13.

The casing 10 has a box shape as a whole, includes a top plate panel 10A, left and right side plate panels 10B, a bottom plate panel 10C, and a front plate panel 10D, and seals the opening of the processing chamber 12 on the front surface. An airtight door 14 and an inspection door 15 are provided. The casing 10 has a heat insulating structure in which a heat insulating panel (not shown) is attached to the inner surface thereof. The bottom plate panel 10C is provided with a pair of insertion ports 16 through which the claws of a forklift are inserted to lift the casing 10 from the floor surface G so that the casing 10 can be transferred.

The steam flow generation chamber 11 is a differential pressure chamber that generates a steam flow that circulates in the casing 10, and includes a blower (differential pressure fan) 17 and a heater (electric heater) 18. The humidifier 19 used to generate the saturated steam is arranged in the upper part of the treatment chamber 12 in this embodiment, but may be arranged in the upper part or the lower part of the steam flow generation chamber 11.

The steam flow generation chamber 11 is connected to the lower communication space 21 directly under the processing chamber 12 through the lower communication port 20, and by the operation of the blower 17, the steam flow in the steam flow generation chamber 11 is lower through the lower communication port 20. It is drawn into the communication space 21 and rises from the lower communication space 21 into the processing chamber 12 directly above.

The processing chamber 12 is opened and closed by the airtight door 14 on the front surface where the sweet potato 2 in the storage container 1 arranged in multiple stages and in multiple rows is steam-heat-treated by the steam flow rising from the lower communication space 21. The opening 22 is provided. At the lower part of the processing chamber 12, a pair of transport rails (roller conveyors) 24, 24 extending inward from the opening 22 are arranged on the support 23 toward the inner side surface, and they are fixedly supported by the left and right support members 25. Has been done.

The processing chamber 12 is connected to the steam flow generation chamber 11 through the upper communication port 26, and the steam flow rising in the processing chamber 12 is transmitted from the upper space 27 of the processing chamber 12 through the upper communication port 26 by the operation of the blower 17. It is drawn into the steam flow generation chamber 11 and returns. A humidifier 19 used to generate saturated steam is arranged in the upper space 27 of the treatment chamber 12. In the humidifier 19, the pipe 28 extends to the outer surface of the casing 10, and the atomized water is directed from the upper space 27 of the treatment chamber 12 to the upper space of the steam flow generation chamber 11 via the upper communication port 26 by the power of the compressor 29. It is designed to be sprayed.

A temperature / humidity measuring instrument 30 for measuring the temperature / humidity of the steam flow introduced into the processing chamber 12 is arranged near the lower communication port 20 at the lower part of the steam flow generation chamber 11. The temperature / humidity measuring instrument 30 includes a dry-bulb temperature and a wet-bulb temperature that can measure the dry-bulb temperature and the wet-bulb temperature, and the temperature (dry-bulb temperature) and humidity (calculated from the difference between the dry-bulb temperature and the wet-bulb temperature) of the generated steam flow. To measure. Further, in the processing chamber 12, an internal temperature measuring instrument 31 for measuring the internal temperature of the sweet potato 2 in the storage container 1 arranged in the processing chamber 12 is arranged. The internal temperature measuring instrument 31 is a needle-shaped temperature sensor inserted into the sweet potato 2, and a temperature signal is transmitted to the control device 32.

A control device 32 is attached to the casing 10. The control device 32 performs on / off, output adjustment, and timer operation of the blower 17, the heater 18, the humidifier 19, and the compressor 29 by the operation input of the operation panel. Further, the control device 32 controls these devices by signals from the temperature / humidity measuring instrument 30 and the internal temperature measuring instrument 31, and the steam flow circulating in the casing 10 (the steam flow rising in the processing chamber 12). Maintain the temperature and humidity in the set state.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the storage container 1 for storing the sweet potato 2 has an open upper surface and is provided with a large number of mesh-shaped ventilation holes 3 on each side surface and the lower surface. As the storage container 1, a mesh-shaped harvesting container made of lightweight plastic used for harvesting sweet potato 2 and an agricultural container can be used as they are.

FIG. 3A shows a state in which the storage containers 1 containing the sweet potato 2 are arranged in multiple stages and in multiple rows on the pallet 4, and FIG. 3B shows the storage containers 1 having a large number of them. A structure is shown in which the periphery is covered with a cover sheet 40 except for the upper and lower surfaces. The cover sheet 40 is made of a flexible and durable material such as resin, cloth, sail, etc., and one cover sheet 40 is wrapped around the entire storage container 1 to cover it, and a plurality of cover sheets 40 are covered from above. It is fixed with the binding band 41 of.

The cover sheet 40 may be divided into a plurality of sheets and made to go around, or the sheet ends may be fixed to each other by a fixing means instead of the binding band. Further, each storage container 1 may be covered with a cover sheet. The pallet 4 is a lightweight resin mesh, and has a large number of ventilation holes on the upper and lower surfaces so that the flow can pass up and down.

FIG. 4A is a plan view of the storage container 1 containing sweet potatoes 2 arranged in a large number of rows, and FIG. 4B is a bottom view of the storage container 1 containing sweet potatoes 2 arranged in a large number of rows. The state is shown, and in the above state, the storage container 1 containing the sweet potato 2 is carried into the processing chamber 12 of the steam heat treatment apparatus 1 in a state of being stacked on the pallet 4.

Next, a procedure for sterilizing sweet potatoes using the steam heat treatment apparatus 1 having the above configuration will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, the airtight door 14 is closed to seal the inside of the casing 10, and the blower 17, the heater 18, and the humidifier 19 are sequentially operated by operating the operation panel of the control device 32 to sequentially operate the casing 10. Set the temperature and humidity conditions inside the casing. In the present embodiment, the humidity condition in the refrigerator is set to 95% or more (97%), and the temperature condition is set to the starting temperature of 31 ° C.

When the temperature / humidity conditions inside the casing 10 reach the set temperature and the set humidity, the airtight door 14 is opened, the pallet 4 is arranged in multiple stages and multiple rows, and the cover sheet 40 is covered around the pallet 4. The storage container 1 containing the sweet potato 2 (see FIG. 3B) is placed on the transport rail 24 from the opening 22 together with the pallet 4 and carried into the processing chamber 12, and the airtight door 14 is closed.

(Acclimatization process)
When the storage container 1 containing the sweet potato 2 is carried into the processing chamber 12, the sweet potato 2 is acclimated. In the acclimation treatment, the temperature inside the refrigerator is raised from 31 ° C. to 41 ° C. at a constant rate of increase while the humidity inside the refrigerator is maintained at 95% or more (the acclimation treatment time is set to 4 hours). Immediate steaming heat treatment (48 ° C.) on sweet potato 2 causes saccharification of sweet potato 2 to proceed. To prevent this, acclimation treatment is performed to gradually raise the temperature of sweet potato 2 as a pre-stage of steaming heat treatment. ..

(Steaming heat treatment)
Next, with the humidity inside the refrigerator maintained at 95% or higher, the temperature inside the chamber is raised to 48 ° C., and when the internal temperature (core temperature) of the sweet potato 2 reaches 47 ° C., the temperature of the sweet potato 2 is changed from 47 to 47. Maintain 48 ° C and perform steam heat treatment for a certain period of time. Here, the internal temperature of the sweet potato 2 is measured by measuring the internal temperature of the sweet potato 2 in the uppermost storage container 1, and the steaming heat treatment time is set to 3 hours and 10 minutes. In the case of seed potatoes, the total time of the acclimation treatment time and the steaming heat treatment time is shorter than the above, for example, set to 40 minutes.

With reference to FIG. 5, during the steam heat treatment, the steam flow moves from the steam flow generation chamber 11 through the lower communication port 20 to the lower space 21 of the processing chamber 12, rises from the lower space 21, and reaches the maximum. It passes from the inside of the lower storage container 1 to the inside of the uppermost storage container 1, moves to the upper space 27 of the processing chamber 12, passes through the upper communication port 26 from the upper space 27, and recirculates to the steam flow generation chamber 11. .. In this way, the steam flow generated in the steam flow generation chamber 11 circulates with the processing chamber 12 and undergoes steam heat treatment of the sweet potato 2 in each storage container 1 arranged in the processing chamber 12 to form the sweet potato 2. Sterilize the invading basal fungus.

Since the periphery of the storage containers 1 arranged in multiple stages and rows is covered with the cover sheet 40 except for the upper and lower surfaces, the steam flow introduced from below into the bottom storage container 1 escapes to the side. Without waste, it passes through the inside to the uppermost storage container 1 without waste and exits upward. Since the main steam heat treatment apparatus S uses a ventilation method called a differential pressure method to forcibly create an air flow by using the differential pressure, all the gaps between the sweet potato 2 and the sweet potato 2 in each storage container 1 are filled. The steam heat passes through, and the steam heat acts evenly on all sweet potatoes 2.

When the steam heat treatment is completed, the airtight door 14 is opened to open the opening 22, the multi-stage and multi-row storage container 1 containing sweet potato 2 after the steam heat treatment is carried out together with the pallet 4, and the carried out sweet potato 2 is naturally taken out of the refrigerator. Cooling. In this way, when the first steaming heat treatment of sweet potato is completed, the steam inside the casing 10 is released to the outside of the refrigerator, and the temperature inside the casing 10 drops, the airtight door 14 is closed again and the inside of the refrigerator is closed. The inside of the casing 10 is returned to the first set condition (humidity 95% or more, temperature 31 ° C.), and the second and subsequent steaming heat treatments of sweet potato are performed by the above procedure.

FIG. 6 is an example of another embodiment. When the storage containers 1 are arranged in multiple stages in the processing chamber 12, the steam flow passes from the bottom to the top, so that the temperature of the steam passing through the inside of the uppermost storage container 1 is the inside of the lowermost storage container 1. It is lower than the temperature of the passing steam. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, an outer cover 42 is provided around the cover sheet 40, and a part of the steam flow passes between the cover sheet 40 and the outer cover 42 through the lowermost storage container 1. Instead, a steam guide path 43 that directly guides the storage container 1 in the middle stage or the uppermost stage (the uppermost stage in the illustrated example) may be provided.

In the illustrated example, an opening serving as an outlet 44 of the steam guide path 43 is provided at a height near the lower part of the side surface of the uppermost storage container 1 of the cover sheet 40, and is provided on the side surface of the uppermost storage container 1. It is introduced into the inside through the ventilation hole 3.

As a result, in the present embodiment, a part of the steam introduced into the processing chamber 12 is introduced into the steam guide path 43 from the inlet 45 of the steam guide path 43, and from the outlet 44 of the steam guide path 43 provided in the cover sheet 40. By introducing directly into the inside through the ventilation holes 3 on the side surface of the uppermost storage container 1, the steam heat treatment of the sweet potato 2 of the lowermost storage container 1 and the sweet potato 2 of the uppermost storage container 1 is made uniform, that is, multi-stage. It is possible to make the steam heat treatment uniform when the storage containers 1 are stacked.

According to the above embodiment, the present device S can be used to effectively sterilize the root rot fungus of sweet potato 2. Prior to the steaming heat treatment, an acclimation treatment that raises the temperature from 31 ° C to 47 ° C at a constant rate is performed to effectively sterilize the root rot bacteria of sweet potato 2 without promoting saccharification of sweet potato 2. Can be done.

Further, according to the present device S, the circumference of the storage container 1 containing the sweet potato 2 arranged in multiple stages and in a large number of rows is covered with the cover sheet 40 except for the upper and lower surfaces, so that a mesh-like container generally used for harvesting is conventionally used. Even when (mesh-shaped ventilation holes are provided on the side surface and the bottom surface), the steam can be uniformly guided from the bottom to the top without letting the steam escape to the side, and the steam heat treatment can be performed with good quality.

Further, according to the present device S, since a mesh-like container (provided with mesh-like ventilation holes on the side surface and the bottom surface) which is generally used for harvesting can be used, the sweet potato 2 after harvesting can be used for another dedicated purpose. It can be sterilized without being transferred to the storage container, and the burden on the harvester and the storage worker can be greatly reduced. Since it is not necessary to prepare a dedicated storage container for steaming heat treatment, there is no need for storage space for them.

As described above, according to the present invention, the storage containers for storing sweet potatoes can be arranged in multiple stages and in a large number of rows in the processing chamber, steam can be circulated, and the sweet potatoes can be steamed and heat-treated. The disease can be sterilized efficiently.

The sweet potato that can be steamed and heat-treated by the present invention is not limited to any use and variety, such as for seed potatoes, raw foods, starch raw materials, and shochu raw materials. Suitable for all sweet potatoes as a countermeasure against basal rot. When root rot occurs in potatoes other than sweet potatoes, the steaming heat treatment according to the present invention can be applied to these potatoes as well.

The present invention can be used as a steaming heat treatment apparatus used for measures against root rot of sweet potato.

1 Storage container 2 Sweet potato 3 Vent hole 4 Pallet 10 Casing 10A Top plate panel 10B Side plate panel 10C Bottom plate panel 10D Front plate panel 11 Steam flow generation room 12 Processing room 13 Partition plate 14 Airtight door 15 Inspection door 16 Blower Differential pressure fan)
18 Heater 19 Humidifier 20 Lower communication port 21 Lower space 22 Opening 23 Support 24 Conveyor rail 25 Support member 26 Upper communication port 27 Upper space 28 Piping 29 Compressor 30 Temperature / humidity measuring instrument (1st measuring means)
31 Internal temperature measuring instrument (second measuring means)
32 Control device (control means)
40 Cover sheet 41 Binding band 42 Outer cover 43 Steam guideway 44 Outlet 45 Inlet S Steam heat treatment equipment

Claims (6)

A steam flow generation chamber and a treatment chamber are provided inside the box-shaped casing, and storage containers for storing sweet potatoes after harvesting are arranged in multiple stages in the treatment chamber, and the steam flow generated in the steam flow generation chamber is transmitted to the lower communication port. Is supplied to the lower part of the processing chamber, and is circulated so as to pass through the processing chamber upward and return to the steam flow generation chamber from the upper communication port, and steam heat treatment is performed to steam the sweet potatoes in the storage containers arranged in multiple stages in the processing chamber. It ’s a device,
The storage container has an open upper surface and is provided with a large number of ventilation holes on the side surfaces and the lower surface, and the entire circumference of the storage container arranged in multiple stages except the upper and lower surfaces is covered with a cover sheet. A steam heat treatment device characterized by. The storage containers arranged in multiple stages in the processing chamber are arranged in a large number of rows, and the entire circumference of the storage containers arranged in the multi-stage and multiple rows except for the upper and lower surfaces is covered with the cover sheet. The steam heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1. An outer cover is provided around the cover sheet, and a part of the steam flow introduced into the processing chamber is introduced between the cover sheet and the outer cover into the second and subsequent stages or the uppermost storage container through the ventilation holes on the side surface. The steam heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the steam guide path to be introduced is formed, and an opening serving as an outlet of the steam guide path is provided in a part of the cover sheet. .. The processing chamber is a transport means for carrying in and out the storage containers having a door at the entrance of the processing chamber and arranged in multiple stages and rows on the pallet together with the pallet to the processing chamber in which the door is opened. The steam heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1 to claim 3, wherein the steam heat treatment apparatus is arranged in. 6. Steamed heat treatment equipment. 1. Item 5. The steam heat treatment apparatus according to any one of Items 5.

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