JP3231362B2 - Tuning device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tuning apparatus, and more particularly, to a tuning apparatus capable of displaying a string number of a stringed instrument with respect to a pitch of an input signal of a stringed instrument to be tuned.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional tuning apparatus extracts a pitch of an input signal based on a string of a stringed instrument and displays the pitch by using pitch names (C, A, D, D) corresponding to the pitch of the input signal.
#) And the deviation from the reference pitch are displayed. That is, a tuner using the tuning device,
By visually recognizing the names of strings when strings are struck,
I was doing tuning work.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional tuning apparatus, the tuner of the stringed instrument needs to be familiar with the correspondence between the string number and the note name, and the string number and the sound For beginners who are not accustomed to the correspondence with names, there has been a problem that tuning work has been difficult.

In order to replace a string with a new one, the string is retuned until a certain pitch is reached in advance while listening to the sound generated by a tuning fork or a reference tone generator. After that, it was necessary to perform an accurate tuning operation while confirming the pitch name by the tuning device.
Alternatively, when using a tuning device that has a function of displaying the octave of each sound as an octave number together with the note name display, the string being stringed is determined by whether or not the target note name and its octave number have been reached. I had to check the pitch. As described above, in the conventional tuning apparatus, when performing a string replacement operation to replace a string with a new one, a plurality of pitch elements are checked by a plurality of operations, and the tuning is performed to a certain pitch in advance. However, there is a problem that the operation is complicated for a beginner and tuning work is difficult.

In a conventional tuning apparatus, only a note name corresponding to the pitch of an input signal of a struck string is displayed, or an octave number is displayed together with the note name. It is not possible to check whether the pitch of the string being struck is higher or lower than the target pitch, and to confirm it, a separate indicator is provided and displayed Need to be
Therefore, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost increases.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and has as its object to reduce the pitch of an open string corresponding to this pitch from the pitch of an open string that has been struck. By displaying the string number, the pitch of the open string in the bullet string can be confirmed by the string number without knowing the correspondence between the string number of each open string and the basic note name of each open string, Tuning work can be made extremely easy, and whether or not the reference pitch of the open string is within the set range is changed by changing the display mode of the string number display.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a tuning apparatus that can confirm whether the displayed string number is higher or lower than the pitch of the open string by displaying only the string number.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, a tuning apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a pitch extracting means for extracting a pitch of an input signal; String number discriminating means for discriminating a string number corresponding to the pitch extracted by the extracting means, display means for displaying the string number discriminated by the string number discriminating means by numerical values, and discrimination by the string number discriminating means. Display control means for changing a display mode of a numerical value displayed on the display means in accordance with a deviation between a reference pitch corresponding to a string number and a pitch extracted by the pitch extraction means. is there.

[0008]

[Action] The string number can be obtained from the pitch of the struck string.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a tuning apparatus according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a tuning apparatus according to the present invention. The tuning apparatus is configured to control the entire operation of the tuning apparatus by using a central processing unit (CPU) 10. Have been. The CPU 10 has, via a bus 12, a read-only memory (R) storing a predetermined program for controlling the entire operation and various data tables required for implementing the present invention described later.
An OM) 14, a random access memory (RAM) 16 as a working memory including various registers and buffers necessary for executing a program, an operator group 18 described later, a display unit 20 described later, An input unit 22 for inputting a signal based on a string of a stringed instrument, and an input unit 2
2 is connected to a waveform shaping circuit section 24 for shaping the waveform of the input signal from the second section.

In the CPU 10, one count is 1 μsec.
Is set, and in each routine to be described later, counting is performed by this counter.

The ROM 14 has an octave table (OCT_TBL) showing the relationship between the octave and a pitch count value described later, as shown in FIG. 2, and the relationship between the pitch name and the pitch count value, as shown in FIG. Name table (NOTE_TABLE) indicating the relationship between the string name and the octave and the string number as shown in FIG. 4 (STR_TBL1), and the relationship between the string number and the note name as shown in FIG. Name table (STR_TBL)
2) and a basic octave table (STR_TBL3) indicating the relationship between the string number and the octave as shown in FIG.

The note name table shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), the pitch count value for each note name is 50 cents (cen) from the reference pitch count value.
The value is set to be larger by t). Thus, the display mode of the string number can be changed within a range of ± 50 cents around the reference pitch.

An operator group 18 is provided on a display panel 30 of the tuning device shown in FIG. 7 and includes a power switch 32 for turning on / off the entire tuning device and a reference pitch for setting a reference pitch. And a setting switch 34.

The display section 20 is provided on the display panel 30 of the tuning apparatus shown in FIG. 7, and includes a string number display section 40 for displaying a string number, and a deviation display section 42 for displaying a deviation from a reference pitch. And a note name display section 44 indicating a note name and a semitone higher tone (#) of the note name, and a reference pitch display section 4 for displaying the reference pitch set by the reference pitch setting switch 34
6 is included.

The waveform shaping circuit section 24 is a known technique, and generally includes a filter circuit, an amplifier circuit, and a comparison circuit.

In the above configuration, the operation of the tuning apparatus will be described for each step with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 8 and 9 and an operation example of FIG.

In the flowchart showing the main routine in FIG. 8, the initial setting routine of step S100 is started and executed by turning on the power switch 32. Various buffers, registers, This is a routine for setting parameters and the like to initial values. When the process in step S100 ends, the process proceeds to step S102.

Step S102 is an operator reading routine, which reads the operation state of the reference pitch setting switch 34 provided on the display panel 30 and sets the read operation state in a predetermined register or the like. This allows
A reference pitch to be referred to in all routines for operating this tuning device will be set. When the processing in step S102 is completed, step S10
Proceed to 4.

Step S104 is a pitch extraction routine for extracting the pitch of the input signal of the open string of the stringed instrument input from the input unit 22 and obtaining pitch data (PITCH) consisting of a pitch count value. It is. Since the pitch extraction routine is a known technique, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. First, the input signal input to the input unit 22 is shaped into a rectangular wave by the waveform shaping circuit unit. The square wave after waveform shaping is
The number of microseconds between the rising edge or the falling edge of the square wave is determined by the counter of 10.
c is counted. Since one count is 1 μsec, the counter of the CPU 10 sets the counted data of one cycle time as a pitch count value and sets it as pitch data. When the process in step S104 ends, the process proceeds to step S106.

Step S106 is an octave acquisition routine. The octave data (OCTAVE) is retrieved by searching the pitch data obtained in step S104 and the data of the octave table set in the ROM 14 as to which octave the pitch data is. ). When the processing in step S106 ends,
Proceed to step S108.

Step S108 is a pitch name acquisition routine. First, pitch data is added by an octave to normalize the pitch data to the lowest octave based on the octave data obtained in the step S106, and the lowest octave normalized data (K_PITCH) is obtained. ) To get. The pitch name of the pitch data is searched based on the obtained lowest octave normalized data and the data of the pitch name table set in the ROM 14, and the pitch name data (NOTE) is obtained.
When the processing in step S108 is completed,
Proceed to 110.

Step S110 is a string number acquisition routine. The octave data obtained in step S106, the note name data obtained in step S108, and the ROM
The string number of the pitch data is searched based on the data of the string number table set in No. 14 to obtain the string number. When the process in step S110 is completed, the process proceeds to step S11.
Proceed to 2.

Step S112 is a routine for calculating the deviation from the reference pitch. The operation state of the reference pitch setting switch 34 is read in step S102, and the set reference pitch is compared with the pitch data obtained in step S104. And the deviation from the reference pitch is calculated. Since this routine is a known technique,
Detailed description is omitted. When the process in step S112 ends, the process proceeds to step S114.

Step S114 is a display routine. The octave data obtained in step S106, the note name data obtained in step S108, and the
The sound name data and the octave data of the basic sound name table and the basic octave table corresponding to the string number obtained at 110 are compared, and if they are the same, step S
Assuming that the pitch data obtained in step 104 is within the range of ± 50 cents of the basic pitch of the string number obtained in step S110, a static display of that string number is displayed on the string number display section 40 of the display section 20. It is to let. On the other hand, the octave data obtained in step S106 and step S106
The note name data obtained in step S110 is compared with the note name data and octave data in the basic note name table and the basic octave table corresponding to the string number obtained in step S110. Assuming that the pitch data obtained in S104 is outside the range of ± 50 cents of the basic pitch of the string number obtained in step S110, the blinking display of the string number is displayed on the string number display section 40 of the display section 20. It is to let. This step S
In the display routine of 114, by a known technique,
Based on the reference pitch set by the operation of the reference pitch setting switch 34, the corresponding segment of the reference pitch display section 46 is turned on, and based on the note name data obtained in step S108, the corresponding segment of the note name display section 44 is turned on. The segment is turned on, and the deviation from the reference pitch obtained in step S112 is displayed by driving the pointer of the deviation display unit 42. When the processing in step S114 ends, the main routine ends.

In the above main routine, the step S106 octave acquisition routine, the step S108 note name acquisition routine, the step S110 string number acquisition routine, and the step S114 display routine constitute a string number acquisition process which forms the gist of the present invention. Therefore, a more detailed description will be given based on the string number acquisition processing routine shown in FIG. That is, in this string number acquisition processing routine, the string number is acquired from the pitch data obtained in step S104, and this string number is displayed.

First, in step S200, the value of the number (n) used in the octave table, note name table and string number table is set to "0". When the process in step S200 ends, the process proceeds to step S202.

In step S202, step S104
It is determined whether or not the pitch data obtained in step 2 is larger than the pitch count value corresponding to the value of the number in the octave table. If the determination result is negative (NO), that is, if the pitch data is smaller than the pitch count value corresponding to the value of the number in the octave table, step S
Proceed to 204. On the other hand, the judgment result is affirmative (YES),
That is, if the pitch data is larger than the pitch count value corresponding to the value of the number in the octave table, the process proceeds to step S300.

In step S204, the value of the number is "1".
Is only incremented. When the processing in step S204 ends, the process proceeds to step S206.

In step S206, step S204
It is determined whether or not the value of the incremented number is smaller than “7”. This judgment result is affirmative (YE
S), that is, if the value of the number is smaller than “7”, the process returns to step S202. Accordingly, until the result of the determination in step S202 is affirmative, the value of the number is within a range from "0" to "7" (in the octave table, the value of the number is "0", "1", "2" ,
“3”, “4”, “5”, and “6”. )
Step S202, step S204, and step S2
06 will be repeated. On the other hand, if the result of this determination is negative, that is, if the value of the number is greater than “7”, the flow proceeds to step S208.

In step S208, processing outside the octave range is performed, and the string number acquisition processing routine ends as a data error.

As described above, when the result of the determination in step S202 is affirmative, the process proceeds to step S300, where the octave value corresponding to the value of the number is set as octave data. When the process of step S300 ends, the process proceeds to step S302.

In step S302, step S300
In order to normalize the pitch data to the lowest octave based on the octave data obtained in (1), the pitch data is added by an octave, and the lowest octave normalized data is calculated. When the processing of step S302 is completed, step S302
Proceed to 304.

In step S304, the value of the number is
Set to "0". When the processing in step S304 ends, the process proceeds to step S306.

In step S306, step S302
It is determined whether or not the lowest octave normalized data obtained in step (1) is larger than the pitch count value corresponding to the value of the number in the tone name table. If the judgment result is negative (NO),
That is, if the lowest octave normalized data is smaller than the pitch count value corresponding to the value of the number in the tone name table, the process proceeds to step S308. On the other hand, if the result of this determination is affirmative (YES), that is, if the lowest octave normalized data is larger than the pitch count value corresponding to the value of the number in the tone name table, the flow proceeds to step S400.

In step S308, the value of the number is "1".
Is only incremented. When the process in step S308 ends, the process proceeds to step S310.

In step S310, step S308
It is determined whether the incremented value of the number is smaller than “12”. This judgment result is affirmative (Y
ES), that is, if the value of the number is smaller than “12”, the process returns to step S306. Therefore, step S30
Until the judgment result in No. 6 becomes affirmative, the number value is within a range from "0" to "12" (in the pitch name table, the number value is "0", "1",
"2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7",
“8”, “9”, “10”, and “11”. ), The processes of step S306, step S308, and step S310 are repeated. On the other hand, if the result of this determination is negative, that is, if the value of the number is greater than “12”, the flow proceeds to step S312.

In step S312, a process outside the note name range is performed, and the string number acquisition processing routine ends as a data error.

As described above, if the result of the determination in step S306 is affirmative, the process proceeds to step S400, where the value of the pitch name corresponding to the value obtained by subtracting "1" from the value of the number is used as the pitch name data. Is set. When the process of step S400 ends, the process proceeds to step S402.

In step S402, step S
If the determination result in 306 is positive, the value of the number is
It is determined whether it is smaller than “0”. If this determination result is affirmative, that is, if the value of the number when the determination result in step S306 is affirmative is smaller than “0”, the process proceeds to step S404.

In step S404, a process outside the string number range is performed, and the string number acquisition processing routine ends as a data error.

If the result of the determination in step S402 is negative, that is, if the result of the determination in step S306 is affirmative, if the value of the number is greater than "0", the flow proceeds to step S406.

In step S406, a string number corresponding to the octave data obtained in step S300 and the note name data obtained in step S400 is searched for a string number by referring to the string number table. Upon completion of the process in the step S406, the process proceeds to a step S408.

In step S408, step S400
It is determined whether or not the note name data obtained in step S406 is the same as the note name data corresponding to the string number value obtained in step S406 of the basic note name table. This judgment result is affirmative, that is,
If the note name data obtained in step S400 matches the note name data corresponding to the string number value obtained in step S406 of the basic note name table, the pitch data is set to ± 50 of the reference pitch of the string number. It is within the range of cents, and the process proceeds to step S410.

In step S410, step S300
It is determined whether or not the octave data obtained in step (1) is the same as the octave data corresponding to the string number value obtained in step S406 of the basic octave table. This determination result is affirmative, that is, the octave data obtained in step S300 is stored in the basic octave table in step S4.
If the pitch data matches the octave data corresponding to the value of the string number obtained in step 06, the pitch data is within ± 50 cents of the reference pitch of the string number, and the process proceeds to step S412.

In step S412, step S406
Is displayed on the string number display section 40 in a stationary manner, and the string number acquisition processing routine ends.

Further, the judgment result in step S408 is negative, that is, the pitch name data obtained in step S400 is
If it does not match the note name data corresponding to the string number value obtained in step S406 of the basic note name table, the result of the determination in step S410 is negative, ie, step S30
If the octave data obtained at 0 does not match the octave data corresponding to the value of the string number obtained at step S406 of the basic octave table, in any case, the pitch data is set to the reference pitch of the string number. It is out of the range of ± 50 cents, and the process proceeds to step S414.

In step S414, step S406
The string number obtained in step 2 is blinked on the string number display section 40, and the string number acquisition processing routine ends.

Next, the operation of the tuning apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to an operation example shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 shows an operation example of the tuning apparatus according to the present invention set for a guitar having the first to sixth strings. For example, a case where the first string is replaced will be described.

First, the tuner sets the strings on the guitar, winds a certain amount of thread, and plays the open strings. At this time, the string number display section 40 of the tuning device displays the name of the open string on the high side closest to the pitch of the wound string. For example, it is assumed that “4” is displayed blinking.

Further, the bobbin is wound while the open string is struck, and when it is within ± 50 cents of the reference pitch of the open string of the fourth string, “4” is statically displayed on the string number display section 40. You. This allows the tuner to confirm that the currently tuned string has a pitch substantially equal to the fourth string.

Since the string to be replaced is the first string, the bobbin is wound while the open string is struck until "1" is displayed on the string number display section 40. In the process, if the reference pitch of the fourth string is more than +50 cents away, a blinking display of “3” is displayed on the string number display section 40, and the reference pitch of the open string of the third string has not yet been reached. Is shown. When the reference pitch is within ± 50 cents of the reference pitch of the third string, a still display of “3” is displayed on the string number display section 40. This allows the tuner to confirm that the currently tuned string is substantially at the pitch of the third string. Further, when the reference pitch of the third string is more than +50 cents away, a blinking display of "2" is displayed on the string number display section 40, indicating that the reference pitch of the open string of the second string has not yet been reached. . When the reference pitch is within ± 50 cents of the reference pitch of the second string, “2” is statically displayed on the string number display section 40. This allows the tuner to confirm that the currently tuned string is substantially at the pitch of the second string. Further, when the reference pitch of the second string is more than +50 cents away, a blinking display of "1" is displayed on the string number display section 40, indicating that the reference pitch of the open string of the first string has not yet been reached. .

Since the vehicle is approaching the first string, the bobbin is slowly wound while the open string is struck. When the reference pitch of the first string is within ± 50 cents, the string number display section 4
A still display of “1” is made to “0”. This allows the tuner to confirm that the currently tuned string is substantially at the pitch of the first string. In this manner, since the tuning range is within ± 50 cents of the reference pitch of the first string, it is sufficient to perform precise tuning while referring to the pointer of the deviation display section 42.

[0055]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

Since the string number of the open string corresponding to this pitch can be displayed from the pitch of the opened open string, the correspondence between the string number of each open string and the basic tone name of each open string is known. Even if it is not, the pitch of the open string in the bullet string can be confirmed by the string number. For this reason, tuning work can be made extremely easy.

By changing the display mode of the string number display, whether or not the reference pitch of the open string is within the set range is indicated by the display of only the string number display. It is possible to instantly confirm whether the pitch is higher or lower than the pitch.

Since it is possible to tune without listening to the sound produced by the bullet strings, a large number of stringed instruments can be tuned simultaneously at the same place and accurately.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a tuning device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an octave table.

FIG. 3A is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a pitch name table, and FIG. 3B is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a reference pitch and a pitch count value corresponding to a pitch name.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a string number table.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a basic note name table.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a basic octave table.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a display panel of the tuning device.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a main routine.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a string number acquisition processing routine.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a string number display unit, a string number display mode, a reference pitch of an open string, and a pitch by a bullet string for tuning.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 CPU 12 bus 14 ROM 16 RAM 18 operator group 20 display unit 22 input unit 24 waveform shaping circuit unit 30 display panel 32 power switch 34 reference pitch setting switch 40 string number display unit 42 deviation display unit 44 note name display unit 46 reference Pitch display

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-63-136000 (JP, A) JP-A-51-150377 (JP, A) JP-A-61-289395 (JP, A) , U) Fully open 63-98596 (JP, U) Fully open 63-199294 (JP, U) Fully open 63-137399 (JP, U) Fully open 62-87395 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G10G 7/02

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tuning apparatus for tuning a stringed musical instrument, comprising: a pitch extracting means for extracting a pitch of an input signal; and a string number determining means for determining a string number corresponding to the pitch extracted by the pitch extracting means. Display means for displaying the string number determined by the string number determining means as a numerical value; and a reference pitch corresponding to the string number determined by the string number determining means and a pitch extracted by the pitch extracting means. A tuning control means for changing a display mode of a numerical value displayed on the display means according to the deviation.