JP3219826U - The lower part of the spindle for a ring spinning machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A spindle lower portion of a ring spinning machine having energy saving and good operability during operation is provided. A lower spindle portion includes a housing for holding the upper spindle portion in a non-rotatable manner, a first magnet for a motor, a second magnet for a magnetic thrust bearing, and a magnetic And a third magnet 4 for radial bearing. The lower part of the spindle is formed from a fiber reinforced plastic having a longitudinal axis 5 as a cylindrical hollow body 6 manufactured by an injection molding method, and each magnet is arranged in the hollow body. The first magnet is non-rotatably held in the first hollow cylindrical body 7, and the third magnet is non-rotatably held in the second hollow cylindrical body 8. The hollow cylinder is at least partially surrounded by fiber reinforced plastic, and the surfaces 9, 10 form a non-dissociable joint with the fiber reinforced plastic and are held non-rotatable in the hollow body. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a spindle lower part for a spindle of a ring spinning machine.

  A ring spinning machine with an individual spindle drive as an alternative to the belt drive, even if such a ring spinning machine still cannot be established in practice for a variety of reasons compared to a general purpose belt drive. Already known for quite some time. There are therefore a large number of publications in this field, which are particularly concerned with the fixing of such spindle assemblies in the drive concept, the bearing concept, or the machine frame, ie the spindle base. In a ring spinning machine, a winding tube around which a yarn is wound is held in an upper part of a spindle. In the belt driving device, a plurality of spindles are rotated via one common driving belt. At this time, the drive belt is often wound around the lower part of the spindle. At this time, the upper part of the spindle and the lower part of the spindle are integrally formed to form the spindle. In the individual spindle driving device, each individual spindle is driven by a motor belonging to the spindle.

  For example, DE 198420 C1 discloses a spindle driven by a separate motor. At this time, the spindle is supported by a shaft, which simultaneously forms a motor shaft. The motor is formed as an outer rotor type motor. At this time, the stator is held non-rotatably on the shaft, and the rotor rotates. At this time, the upper part of the spindle is rotated together by the rotor via the clutch. A winding tube around which the yarn is wound is fixed to the upper part of the spindle. The upper part of the spindle is provided with a support device independent of the lower part of the spindle on the shaft.

  In contrast, in a spindle driven by an individual motor disclosed in EP 1156141 A1 (EP 1156141 A1), the rotor is fixed to the lower part of the spindle. The stator is fixed to the spindle base so as not to rotate. This simultaneously rotates the motor shaft that is the lower part of the spindle. The upper part of the spindle is formed as an extension of the lower part of the spindle and serves as a receiving part for the winding tube around which the yarn is wound. Support of the lower part of the spindle takes place in the bearing sleeve under the motor.

  Furthermore, Swiss patent invention 701482 (CH 701482 A2) discloses a magnetic support device capable of a belt driven spindle or a spindle driven by an individual motor. The support device proposed in this specification has a magnetic bearing combined with a rolling bearing. The configuration of the spindle disclosed in Swiss Patent No. 701482 also shows the lower part of the spindle held in the bearing, this lower part of the spindle has transitioned to the upper part of the spindle and this Sometimes the lower part of the spindle and the upper part of the spindle form two partial areas of one spindle.

  However, since many known concepts of ring spinning machines driven by individual motors contain a wide variety of defects, the economic resolution of these defects has been unsuccessful to date. Yes. Disadvantages in the known arrangement include the complex structure of the motor and the lower spindle part in relation to the upper spindle part, and the resulting support for the rotating member. Similarly, the complex structure increases the maintenance costs and increases the required space for the individual spindles, which adversely affects the ease of operation.

  The problem underlying the present invention is to save energy during operation for a general-purpose structure due to the compact structure type and the reduced mass of the rotating member and correspondingly the reduced mass of the support device. To provide a lower part of the spindle, which allows for good maneuverability.

  This problem is solved by the features described in the characterizing part of the independent claims.

  A spindle lower portion according to the present invention for solving the problem includes an accommodation portion provided at one end of the spindle lower portion to hold the spindle upper portion in a non-rotatable manner, a first magnet for the motor, A second magnet for a magnetic thrust bearing; and a third magnet for a magnetic radial bearing. The lower part of the spindle is formed from a fiber reinforced plastic with a longitudinal axis as a cylindrical hollow body manufactured in an injection molding process. The magnet is disposed in the hollow body. At this time, the first magnet is held in the first hollow cylinder so as not to rotate, and the third magnet is rotated in the second hollow cylinder. Held impossible. The hollow cylinder is at least partially surrounded by a fiber reinforced plastic, with the surface of the hollow cylinder facing the fiber reinforced plastic forming a non-dissociable joint with the fiber reinforced plastic. As a result, the hollow cylinder is held in the hollow body in a non-rotatable manner.

  The lower part of the spindle is mounted on a spindle base in the ring spinning machine, and the spindle base is fixed to the spindle base so as not to rotate. Corresponding members necessary for the motor and the magnetic support device are attached to the spindle base. Since the spindle base is held in a non-rotatable manner, this spindle base forms a stator in the motor region, and the lower part of the spindle is correspondingly formed as a rotor. Since the first magnet for the motor forms a rotor and is held in the hollow body of the lower part of the spindle through the first hollow cylindrical body so as not to rotate, the entire lower part of the spindle is Rotated by. As a result, the motor is operated as a so-called outer rotor type motor, and in this outer rotor type motor, the motor shaft is a stator and thus a stationary part of the motor.

  The arrangement of the various support devices in the spindle base is arbitrary, and at this time, the thrust bearing is arranged at the end of the lower part of the spindle opposite to the receiving part for the upper part of the spindle. It has been found that it is preferable. In this case, a magnetic radial bearing is provided between the motor and the thrust bearing. The support device for the lower part of the spindle at the spindle base, which uses a magnetic radial bearing as well as a magnetic thrust bearing, can preferably be supplemented by another radial bearing in order to improve the motion characteristics. This radial bearing is preferably mounted between the spindle upper part and the spindle base, rather than being incorporated in the spindle lower part. Preferably, the radial bearing is provided in the upper part of the spindle and is likewise configured as a magnetic bearing.

  In a preferred embodiment, the first hollow cylindrical body in which the motor magnet is held is formed of a magnetically permeable material or a ferromagnetic material. The ferromagnetic material captures the field lines and limits the spread of the magnetic field. As the magnetically permeable material, a non-austenite steel alloy having a high content of iron, nickel or cobalt is considered. The magnet is press-fitted in the hollow cylinder and is thereby held unrotatable. To improve, an axial rib formation is also possible, such rib formation being provided on the magnet and the hollow cylinder in a mutually compatible configuration between the hollow cylinder and the magnet. The hollow cylinder and the rib-forming part of the magnet engage each other and thereby provide an additional anti-rotation part.

  In another embodiment, a ring disc made of a non-permeable material is provided adjacent to the second magnet. The ring disc serves for the manufacturing technical need to hold the second magnet in a preset position. The non-magnetic material used may be, for example, aluminum or plastic.

  Preferably, a plastic ring is held beside the second magnet in the second hollow cylinder. This plastic ring is suitable as an emergency bearing and is preferably manufactured from PA6, PTFE or POM. In the event of a failure of the magnetic radial bearing, the emergency bearing avoids contact of the lower part of the spindle with the spindle base. Further, the lower part of the spindle is held at the axial position by the emergency bearing when the equipment is stopped. The plastic ring may be clamped in the hollow cylinder, and therefore the outer diameter of the plastic ring is preferably manufactured with a value slightly above the inner diameter of the hollow cylinder.

  In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the three magnets is formed from a plurality of magnet elements. For the stability of the support device, a magnetic radial bearing structure consisting of at least two magnet elements has been found to be suitable. At this time, both the magnet elements are arranged side by side in the axial direction as a ring and are held by a common hollow cylindrical body. The use of a ferromagnetic material for the hollow cylindrical body of the radial bearing is unnecessary due to the use of a plurality of magnet elements. The hollow cylinder may be formed, for example, from bronze, aluminum or alloys thereof and from plastic. The magnet element is held in the hollow cylinder by press fitting or pasting.

  The thrust bearing is preferably provided as an active magnetic bearing. During operation, the axial load acting on the lower part of the spindle always changes based on the fact that the yarn is wound on the spinning tube mounted on the upper part of the spindle. In order to take this situation into account, the thrust magnetic bearing is formed as an active element. Due to the active thrust bearing, the axial position of the lower part of the spindle can be kept constant even with changing axial loads. In order to be able to adjust the active thrust bearing, the current position of the lower part of the spindle in the longitudinal axis must be determined. In order to determine the position or to determine the displacement from a preset position, a distance sensor is used, which performs a measurement on a sensor plate provided in the lower part of the spindle. At this time, for example, an eddy current sensor or an inductive sensor can be used as the sensor. A steel sensor plate is provided in the lower part of the spindle. The sensor plate is ring-shaped and is held in a fiber reinforced plastic in the lower part of the spindle by a non-dissociable bond. For this purpose, the sensor plate is partly surrounded by fiber-reinforced plastic on at least three sides and is thus held stationary in the lower part of the spindle. The surface of the sensor plate facing the fiber reinforced plastic in the lower part of the spindle is provided with a structural pattern that promotes, for example, the bonding of steel with the plastic.

  In another preferred embodiment, the surface of the hollow cylinder is provided with a structural pattern for increasing the surface area. This structural pattern can be formed by a rib forming part, a knurled part or a simple roughened part of the surface. The surface area increase also helps to improve the coupling of the hollow cylinder with the fiber reinforced plastic and to achieve anti-rotation between the fiber reinforced plastic and the hollow body.

  In a preferred embodiment, the hollow body wall is provided with a plurality of recesses in the direction of the longitudinal axis, the recesses being arranged concentrically with respect to the longitudinal axis. These recesses may be integrally formed during manufacture of the lower spindle portion or may be formed in the form of holes at a later time. These recesses are then distributed and arranged concentrically and uniformly with respect to the longitudinal axis in the form of individual holes. For example, it has been found sufficient to arrange 15-18 recesses with a diameter of 2-3 mm. The recess serves to enable correction of the center of gravity when balancing the upper part of the spindle. Obtaining an accurate normal rotation of the lower spindle part itself even when the upper spindle part is mounted is important for reliable operation of the spinning unit. Therefore, the possibility of correcting the imbalance resulting from manufacturing by correction in the finished member is essential. The recesses provided for this purpose can be filled with various substances in the balancing process, if necessary, in order to obtain a correct normal rotation of the upper part of the spindle.

  Instead of a fixed number of individual recesses, it is also possible to provide recesses formed as ring gaps arranged concentrically with respect to the longitudinal axis.

  The housing provided in the lower spindle part for the upper spindle part is in the preferred embodiment formed as a cylindrical opening extending in the longitudinal axis. This cylindrical opening preferably has a diameter of 17-18 mm in a length of 29-30 mm. These dimensions make it possible to fix the upper part of the spindle, which has a normal diameter today, the diameter of the upper part of the spindle being adapted to the size of the spinning tube to be fitted in the upper part of the spindle. An alternative embodiment of the receiving part is a receiving part which is molded, for example, with a polygonal cross section or with a thread. Even with such a configuration, the upper part of the spindle in the lower part of the spindle can be fixed in a non-rotatable manner.

  The spindle upper portion may be press fitted within the spindle lower portion. Prevention of pivoting can be achieved by a corresponding pressing process, however, it can also be achieved by other known types such as, for example, gluing, welding, pinning or the like. .

  The lower part of the spindle is manufactured from fiber reinforced plastic in an injection molding process. The plastic reinforcement is, in a preferred embodiment, formed from glass fibers, aramid fibers or carbon fibers. The addition of fibers increases the strength and shape stability of the plastic material, which means that members held within the plastic, such as hollow cylinders, ring discs, magnets and sensor plates, are fixedly Contributes for being embedded in the side part. For plastics, based on its mechanical and thermal properties in good suitability for processing in injection molding processes, thermoplastics such as polypropylene have proven to be suitable materials. .

  In order to manufacture the lower part of the spindle, an injection molding method is used. At this time, the hollow cylindrical body is mounted on the core together with the magnet held therein, and the periphery thereof is injection-molded with a fiber reinforced plastic material. During subsequent molding, the lower part of the spindle is withdrawn from the core and can be used without any further processing. This inexpensive type of manufacturing allows for a solid manufacturing of the lower part of the spindle and allows the magnet and other components to be attached simultaneously. The troublesome work of attaching individual members using the fixing means, which is necessary in the subsequent process, is not necessary.

  The invention will now be described using the illustrated embodiments and detailed with reference to the drawings.

It is a figure which shows schematically one spindle of a ring spinning machine. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows schematically the spindle lower part which concerns on this invention.

  FIG. 1 schematically shows a spindle 25 of a ring spinning machine. A ring spinning machine of today's structure type has several hundred spinning units, and at this time, each individual spinning unit is provided with one spindle 25. The spindle 25 includes a spindle upper portion 20 and a spindle lower portion 1. The spindle upper part 20 is held in the spindle lower part 1 in a non-rotatable manner in a housing 28 provided for this purpose. The lower spindle part 1 rotating about the common longitudinal axis 5 with the upper spindle part 20 is further rotatable with the upper spindle part 20 on a spindle base 22 fixedly mounted on a spindle base 21. It is supported. The spindle 25 is supported via one magnetic thrust bearing 27 and two radial bearings 26 and 29 that are spaced apart from each other. At this time, at least the radial bearing 29 directed to the spindle base 21 is formed as a magnetic radial bearing 29 and arranged in the lower part of the spindle. The radial bearing 26 on the opposite side of the spindle base 21 may likewise be formed as a magnetic bearing and is arranged in the spindle upper part 20. A drive device for the spindle 25 is provided between the bearing portions 26, 27, and 29. The stator 23 is fixed to the spindle base 22 so as not to rotate, and the rotor 24 is mounted in the spindle lower portion 1. And. The necessary cover for the lower spindle part 1 which rotates at high speeds during operation is not shown here.

  FIG. 2 schematically shows an embodiment of the lower spindle part 1 in a longitudinal section. The lower part 1 of the spindle is manufactured from a fiber reinforced plastic as a cylindrical hollow body 6. In the hollow body 6, elements necessary for supporting and driving are embedded. Embedded bonding means that the element is partly surrounded by fiber reinforced plastic and is thereby held in place. These elements are mounted on a core corresponding to the inner contour of the lower spindle part 1 in the manufacturing process and then injection molded around with fiber reinforced plastic in an injection molding process.

  At one end of the lower spindle portion 1 is provided a receiving part formed as a cylindrical opening 16 for the upper spindle part. The cylindrical opening 16 has a diameter D of 17 mm to 18 mm at a length L of 29 mm to 30 mm. Starting from the cylindrical opening 16, an embedded sensor plate 13 continues in the direction of the longitudinal axis 15. The sensor plate 13 is a steel disc formed in a ring shape, and this disc is immovably embedded in the hollow body 6 of the spindle lower portion 1. The sensor plate 13 serves to determine the position of the lower spindle part 1 on the longitudinal axis 5 with respect to the spindle base or spindle base. By determining the position, it is possible to adjust the active magnetic thrust bearing. Further, a first hollow cylindrical body 7 made of a ferromagnetic material is embedded and coupled in the hollow body 6, and the first hollow cylindrical body 7 holds a magnet 2 for a motor. At this time, the hollow cylindrical body 7 provided with the magnet 2 forms a rotor of a motor for driving the lower spindle portion 1. The surface 9 of the hollow cylinder 7 opposite to the longitudinal axis 5 is provided with a structural pattern (Struktur) for increasing the surface area. This configuration serves for better coupling of the hollow cylinder 7 in the hollow body 6 and thus for non-rotatable fixing.

  Similarly, a second magnet 3 for a thrust bearing, formed as a ring, concentrically with the longitudinal axis 5 is provided in the hollow body 6. A ring disk 11 made of a non-permeable material is attached adjacent to the magnet 3 on the side facing the magnet 2. This ring disk 11 serves to hold the magnet 3 in the manufacturing process.

  Further, a second hollow cylindrical body 8 is embedded and coupled in the hollow body 6. Similar to the first hollow cylinder 7, a structural pattern for increasing the surface area is provided on the surface 9 of the second hollow cylinder 8 on the side opposite to the longitudinal axis 5. The second hollow cylindrical body 8 holds two ring-shaped magnet elements 4a and 4b, and these magnet elements 4a and 4b together form a magnet 4 for radial bearing. The hollow cylinder 8 does not need to be made of a ferromagnetic material, but only serves to hold the ring-shaped magnet elements 4a and 4b. Similarly, a plastic ring 12 is held in the hollow cylindrical body 8. Since this plastic ring 12 acts as an emergency bearing, the spindle lower part 1 is displaced at all or slightly from the longitudinal axis 5 in the event of a magnetic radial support device failure.

  The wall of the hollow body 6 is provided with a recess 15 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 5. These recesses 15 are formed on the diameter arranged concentrically with respect to the longitudinal axis 5 as circular holes. Around the longitudinal axis, 18 such recesses 15 are evenly distributed. The recess 15 is used in the balance adjustment process. By making the filling state of the individual recesses 15 different, the imbalance caused by the manufacture of the lower spindle part 1 can be compensated.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Spindle lower part 2 1st magnet 3 2nd magnet 4 3rd magnet 4a, 4b Magnet element 5 Longitudinal axis 6 Hollow body 7 1st hollow cylinder 8 2nd hollow cylinder 9 1st Surface of hollow cylinder 10 Surface of second hollow cylinder 11 Ring disk 12 Plastic ring 13 Sensor plate 15 Recess 16 Recess 16 Cylindrical opening 17 Bearing seat 20 Spindle upper portion 21 Spindle base 22 Spindle base 23 Stator 24 Rotor 25 Spindle 26 Radial bearing 27 Magnetic thrust bearing 28 Housing 29 Magnetic radial bearing D Diameter of cylindrical opening L Length of cylindrical opening

Claims (15)

A spindle lower part (1) for a spindle of a ring spinning machine, which is provided at one end of the spindle lower part (1), and holds the spindle upper part (20) in a non-rotatable manner. (28), a first magnet (2) for the motor (23, 24), a second magnet (3) for the magnetic thrust bearing (27), and a third for the magnetic radial bearing (29). A spindle lower part (1) comprising a magnet (4),
The lower part (1) of the spindle is made of fiber reinforced plastic as a cylindrical hollow body (6) with a longitudinal axis (5) manufactured in an injection molding process, and the magnet (2, 3 and 4) are disposed in the hollow body (6), and the first magnet (2) is non-rotatably held in the first hollow cylindrical body (7), and The third magnet is non-rotatably held in the second hollow cylinder (8), and the hollow cylinder (7, 8) is at least partially surrounded by the fiber reinforced plastic. The surfaces (9, 10) of the hollow cylinder (7, 8) facing the fiber reinforced plastic form a non-dissociable joint with the fiber reinforced plastic, thereby forming the hollow cylinder. (7, 8) can be turned into the hollow body (6). Characterized in that it is incapable of holding the spindle lower portion (1).   The spindle lower part (1) according to claim 1, wherein the first hollow cylinder (7) is made of a ferromagnetic material.   3. Spindle lower part (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a ring disc (11) made of a non-permeable material is provided adjacent to the second magnet (3).   A plastic ring (12) suitable as an emergency bearing is held beside the second magnet (4a, 4b) in the second hollow cylinder (8). A spindle lower part (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.   5. The under spindle according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the three magnets is formed of a plurality of magnet elements. Side part (1).   A steel sensor plate (13) is provided in the spindle lower part (1), the sensor plate (13) being partially surrounded by the fiber reinforced plastic on at least three sides. The spindle lower part (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   The spindle lower part (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the surface (9, 10) of the hollow cylinder (7, 8) is provided with a structural pattern for increasing the surface area. ).   A recess (15) is provided in the direction of the longitudinal axis (5) in the wall of the hollow body (6), and the recess (15) is concentric with the longitudinal axis (5). 8. Spindle lower part (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is arranged.   The spindle lower side according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the recess (15) is provided in the form of a ring gap arranged concentrically with respect to the longitudinal axis (5). Part (1).   2. The receiving part (28) provided at one end of the lower spindle part (1) is formed as a cylindrical opening (16) extending along the longitudinal axis (5). The spindle lower part (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 9.   The spindle lower part (1) according to claim 7, wherein the cylindrical opening (16) has a diameter (D) of 17mm to 18mm at a length (L) of 29mm to 30mm.   The spindle lower part (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the plastic reinforcement is formed from glass fibers, aramid fibers or carbon fibers.   The spindle lower part (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the plastic is polypropylene.   A method for producing a spindle lower part (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, comprising a hollow cylindrical body (7, 8) having magnets (2, 4) held therein, A method in which a ring disk (11) having a magnet (3) held on the surface and a sensor plate (13) are mounted on a core and the periphery is injection-molded with a fiber reinforced plastic material.   A ring spinning machine having at least one spindle with a lower spindle part (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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