JP3213438U - Processing equipment and processing equipment series - Google Patents

Abstract

A machining apparatus capable of being driven by a common drive source even when a tool to be vibrated and other normal tools are mixed. A processing apparatus according to the present invention is a processing apparatus 1 for processing a workpiece by vibrating a tool 140, and a main shaft device 12 for rotating a main shaft 120 and a rotation for transmitting the rotation of the main shaft 120. The tool 140 includes a transmission mechanism 13, a body-side detachable pedestal 130 formed on the housing 132 of the rotation transmission mechanism 13, and a unit-side detachable pedestal 144 that can be attached to and detached from the body-side detachable pedestal 130. A vibration conversion unit 14 that converts the rotation of the main shaft 120 transmitted through the rotation transmission mechanism 13 into the vibration of the tool 140 when mounted on the main body side detachable pedestal 130. Prepare. [Selection] Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing apparatus that processes a workpiece by vibrating a tool, and a processing apparatus series that is a group of a plurality of processing apparatuses and a vibration conversion unit.

  As a processing apparatus equipped with a conventional vibration tool, a turret type NC lathe is known in which a plurality of tools including an ultrasonic vibration tool are attached to a turret that is rotatably attached to a tool post (for example, a patent) Reference 1). The ultrasonic vibration tool includes an ultrasonic vibrator and a cutting tool held by the ultrasonic vibrator. The ultrasonic vibrator is supplied with high frequency power via a transformer from a high frequency power source provided in the turret type NC lathe. Thereby, the ultrasonic transducer vibrates ultrasonically. Then, the ultrasonic vibration is transmitted to the cutting tool, and the cutting tool vibrates.

JP 2004-001107 A

  However, the ultrasonic vibration tool requires a high-frequency power source for supplying high-frequency power to the ultrasonic vibrator and a dedicated power source such as a transformer. On the other hand, other normal tools other than the ultrasonic vibration tool are driven by another drive source. Therefore, when an ultrasonic vibration tool and other normal tools are mixed in a plurality of tools attached to the turret NC lathe, a plurality of drive sources are required. As a result, the apparatus becomes large and maintenance becomes complicated.

  In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a machining device that can be driven by a common drive source even if a tool to be vibrated and other normal tools are mixed, and a plurality of the machining devices and vibration conversion units. It is intended to provide a series of processing equipment.

  The present invention is provided in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the processing device of the present invention is a processing device for processing a workpiece by vibrating a tool, the main shaft device for rotating a main shaft, and the main shaft. A rotation transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotation of the rotation transmission mechanism, a body-side detachable pedestal formed on a housing of the rotation transmission mechanism, and a unit-side detachable pedestal detachable from the body-side detachable pedestal, A vibration conversion unit capable of holding a tool and converting rotation of the main shaft transmitted through the rotation transmission mechanism into vibration of the tool when the tool is mounted on the main body side detachable pedestal. And

  In the processing apparatus of the present invention, the vibration conversion unit includes an input shaft to which the rotation of the main shaft is input through the rotation transmission mechanism, a main body portion that rotatably holds the input shaft, and the tool. A tool holding unit configured to be able to hold, a rotation vibration converting unit that converts rotation of the input shaft into vibration of the tool holding unit, and the unit side detachable base connected to the input shaft. It is characterized by providing.

  In the processing device according to the present invention, the rotational vibration converter includes a rotating body that receives the rotation transmitted from the input shaft, and the rotation of the rotating body is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating body. A rotation vibration conversion mechanism that converts the vibration into the vibration of the tool holding portion in a direction or a parallel direction.

  In the processing apparatus of the present invention, the rotational vibration converting unit converts the vibration of the tool holding unit in a direction perpendicular to the input shaft (hereinafter referred to as a direction perpendicular to the input shaft). And

  Further, in the processing apparatus according to the present invention, the rotation vibration conversion unit includes a cam that rotates in conjunction with the input shaft, with the axis of the input shaft or an axis parallel to the axis of the input shaft as a rotation axis. And a follower surface of a follower provided on the tool holding portion side and capable of contacting the peripheral surface of the cam in a direction perpendicular to the input axis, and the follower surface is pressed when the cam rotates. The tool holding part vibrates in the direction perpendicular to the input axis.

  Further, in the processing apparatus of the present invention, the follower surface has a first surface and a second surface that are opposed to each other in the direction perpendicular to the input axis, and the first surface, the second surface, and the cam And a positive cam mechanism is formed.

  In the processing apparatus of the present invention, the tool holding portion has a space, and an inner peripheral surface of the space surrounds a peripheral surface around the rotation shaft of the cam, and at least a part of the inner peripheral surface is The follower surface is configured.

  Further, in the processing apparatus of the present invention, a guide portion that guides the tool holding portion in a direction perpendicular to the input shaft is provided, and the tool holding portion is disposed so as to overlap the main body portion when viewed from the axial direction of the input shaft. It is characterized by being.

Further, in the processing apparatus according to the present invention, the guide portion connects the main body portion and the tool holding portion, and the tool holding portion is placed at a right angle to the input axis at a position before the tool holding portion is displaced. An urging portion for urging to return along the direction, a guide surface of the main body portion that contacts the tool holding portion and extends along the direction perpendicular to the input axis,
It is characterized by providing.

  In the processing device of the present invention, the guide portion includes a rail extending along a direction perpendicular to the output-side axis, and a rail engagement portion that is provided on the tool holding portion and engages with the rail. It is characterized by.

  In the processing apparatus of the present invention, the rotational vibration conversion unit converts the vibration of the tool holding unit in a direction parallel to the input shaft (hereinafter referred to as an input shaft parallel direction). To do.

  Further, in the processing apparatus of the present invention, the rotation vibration conversion unit includes a cam that rotates in conjunction with the input shaft, with the axis of the input shaft or an axis parallel to the axis of the input shaft as a rotation axis, A follower surface of a follower provided on the tool holding portion side and capable of contacting the cam in a direction parallel to the input shaft. When the cam is rotated, the follower surface is pressed to hold the tool The portion vibrates in the direction parallel to the input axis.

  In the processing apparatus of the present invention, the cam has an annular first washer held by the input shaft so that its center axis is parallel to the input shaft, and the first washer At least one spherical member that is held on the first raceway surface that is one surface of the tool holder, and the follower has the tool holding portion so that the center axis of the follower is parallel to the axis of the input shaft And an annular second raceway having a second raceway surface facing the first raceway surface in the input axis parallel direction, and convex from the second raceway surface in the input axis parallel direction, and A surface facing the first raceway surface has at least one convex portion that becomes the follower surface, and the spherical member rotates together with the first raceway surface about the central axis of the first raceway And contact with the follower surface of the convex portion. By repeating the separating and wherein the vibrating the tool holder to the input shaft parallel.

  Further, in the processing apparatus of the present invention, the tool holding portion is disposed so as to overlap the main body portion when viewed from the axial direction of the input shaft, and a guide portion that guides the tool holding portion in the input shaft parallel direction. The guide unit includes a biasing unit that biases the tool holding unit to return to a position before the tool holding unit is displaced along the direction parallel to the input axis, and the tool holding unit. And a guide surface included in the main body that extends along the direction parallel to the input axis.

  Further, in the processing apparatus of the present invention, the rotation transmission mechanism constitutes at least a part of the housing accommodated therein, and a plurality of the body-side detachable bases having the same standard are arranged in the circumferential direction. A turret to be formed; a turret rotation unit that rotates the turret; and the unit-side detachable pedestal, which are detachably attached to the plurality of body-side detachable pedestals, Transmission of rotation between a plurality of processing units that process the workpiece with the tool using power and the processing unit disposed at a specific position by rotation of the turret and the rotation transmission mechanism. A part of a plurality of the processing units is the vibration conversion unit, and a part of the plurality of processing units excluding the vibration conversion unit is a front part. By utilizing the rotation of the rotation transmitting mechanism by rotating the tool, characterized in that the rotating machining unit for machining the workpiece.

  In the processing apparatus of the present invention, the turret is provided with a plurality of vibration conversion units, and a part of the plurality of vibration conversion units vibrate the tool in the radial direction of the turret. The remaining portions of the plurality of vibration conversion units are configured to vibrate the tool in the axial direction of the turret.

  In the processing apparatus of the present invention, the housing has only one main body side detachable pedestal, and the vibration conversion unit is attached to the main body side detachable pedestal.

  The processing device series of the present invention includes a processing device (turret type processing device) having the turret and a processing device (single-type processing device) having only one main body side detachable pedestal, and the turret type The main body side detachable pedestal of the processing apparatus and the main body side detachable pedestal of the single-type processing apparatus have the same standard, and the vibration conversion unit in common includes the turret type processing apparatus and the single-type processing apparatus. It can be mounted on both sides.

  According to the machining apparatus of the present invention, even if a tool to be vibrated and other normal tools are mixed, an excellent effect that the tool can be driven by a common drive source can be obtained. Further, according to the machining apparatus series of the present invention, a common tool unit can be mounted on both the turret type machining apparatus and the single-type machining apparatus.

It is a perspective view of the processing apparatus in 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows a mode that the workpiece | work was hold | maintained at the workpiece | work side shaft apparatus in 1st embodiment of this invention. It is the plane schematic which planarly viewed the workpiece | work side shaft apparatus relative movement mechanism in 1st embodiment of this invention from the Y-axis direction. (A) is a schematic plan view of the spindle device, the rotation transmission mechanism, and the vibration conversion unit viewed in plan from the Z-axis direction before attaching the vibration conversion unit in the first embodiment of the present invention to the main body side detachable base. is there. (B) is a schematic plan view of the main shaft device, the rotation transmission mechanism, and the vibration conversion unit viewed in plan from the Z-axis direction after the vibration conversion unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention is attached to the main body side detachable base. It is. (A) is sectional drawing of the vibration conversion unit in 1st embodiment of this invention. (B) is the front view which planarly viewed the vibration conversion unit in 1st embodiment of this invention from the X-axis direction. It is sectional drawing of the modification of the vibration conversion unit in 1st embodiment of this invention. (A)-(D) are the front views which planarly viewed the vibration conversion unit which arranged the operation | movement of the vibration conversion unit in 1st embodiment of this invention in time series from the X-axis direction. (A) is the top view which planarly viewed the main shaft apparatus relative movement part in 1st embodiment of this invention from the Z-axis direction. (B) is the side view which planarly viewed the main-axis | shaft apparatus relative movement part in 1st embodiment of this invention from the Y-axis direction. It is a perspective view of the processing apparatus in 2nd embodiment of this invention. (A) is sectional drawing of the vibration conversion unit in 2nd embodiment of this invention. (B) is a perspective view of the slope cam used for the vibration conversion unit in the second embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the modification of the vibration conversion unit in 2nd embodiment of this invention. (A) is the top view which looked at the main axis | shaft apparatus, the rotation transmission mechanism, and the vibration conversion unit planarly from the Z-axis direction, before attaching the vibration conversion unit in 2nd embodiment of this invention to a main body side attachment or detachment base. . (B) is a plan view of the spindle device, the rotation transmission mechanism, and the vibration conversion unit viewed in plan from the Z-axis direction after the vibration conversion unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention is attached to the main body side detachable base. is there. (A), (B) is sectional drawing of the vibration conversion unit which arranged the operation | movement of the vibration conversion unit in 2nd embodiment of this invention in time series. (A) is sectional drawing of the modification of the vibration conversion unit in 2nd embodiment of this invention. (B) is a perspective view of a cam and a follower used in a modification of the vibration conversion unit in the second embodiment of the present invention. (A) is the plane schematic which planarly viewed from the Z-axis direction another modification of the vibration conversion unit in 2nd embodiment of this invention. (B) is a plan view of the main shaft device, the rotation transmission mechanism, and the vibration conversion unit when viewed from the Z-axis direction in a state in which another modification of the vibration conversion unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention is attached to the main body side detachable base. FIG. It is a perspective view of the processing apparatus in 3rd embodiment of this invention. It is an internal schematic of the turret of the processing apparatus in 3rd embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the modification of the clutch part of the processing apparatus in 3rd embodiment of this invention. (A)-(D) are the internal schematics which planarly viewed from the X-axis direction the turret which arranged the operation | movement of the processing apparatus in 4th embodiment of this invention in time series.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 17 are examples of embodiments for carrying out the invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same components.

<First Example>
<Overall configuration>
First, with reference to FIG. 1, the processing apparatus 1 in 1st embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. The processing apparatus 1 includes a workpiece side shaft device 10, a workpiece side shaft device relative movement mechanism 11, a spindle device 12, a rotation transmission mechanism 13, a main body side detachable base 130, a vibration conversion unit 14, and a spindle device relative to each other. A moving unit 15 and a base 16 are provided.

<Work side shaft device>
Next, the workpiece side shaft device 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. The workpiece side shaft device 10 holds the workpiece 800 and rotates the workpiece 800 around the central axis of the workpiece side shaft device 10. The workpiece side axis device 10 includes, for example, a workpiece side axis 100 and a workpiece side axis driving unit 101.

  The work side shaft 100 is a rod-shaped shaft member. The workpiece side shaft 100 is held by the workpiece side shaft drive unit 101 so as to be rotatable by a bearing or the like. In addition, the workpiece side shaft 100 is rotated by the workpiece side axis driving unit 101 about its own central axis (hereinafter referred to as a workpiece side axis axis) 102. As shown in FIG. 1, when an XYZ space (hereinafter referred to as a virtual XYZ space) is virtually defined, the workpiece side axis device 10 is configured such that the workpiece side axis axis 102 is parallel to the X axis direction. It shall be arranged in.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the workpiece side shaft 100 includes a workpiece holding mechanism 103 (for example, a chuck) having a structure capable of holding the workpiece 800 at the tip. The workpiece 800 is held by the workpiece holding mechanism 103 so that the workpiece side axis 102 of the workpiece side shaft 100 and the center axis of the workpiece 800 coincide. That is, the workpiece 800 is held so as to extend in the direction of the workpiece-side axis axis 102.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the workpiece side axis driving unit 101 rotates the workpiece side shaft 100 about the workpiece side axis axis 102 as a rotation axis. The workpiece side shaft drive unit 101 is configured by, for example, a motor.

<Worker side shaft device relative movement mechanism>
Next, the workpiece side shaft device relative movement mechanism 11 will be described with reference to FIGS. The workpiece side shaft device relative movement mechanism 11 moves the workpiece side shaft device 10 relative to the spindle device 12 or the like. Specifically, the workpiece side shaft device relative movement mechanism 11 has a structure for reciprocating the workpiece side shaft device 10 in the direction of the workpiece side axis axis 102. In addition, the direction of the workpiece side axis axis line 102 is parallel to the X axis in the virtual XYZ space. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the workpiece side shaft device relative movement mechanism 11 includes, for example, a workpiece side shaft device support portion 110, a rail portion 111, and a rail engagement portion 112.

  The workpiece side shaft device support portion 110 supports the workpiece side shaft device 10 on the upper surface 16 </ b> A of the base 16. As shown in FIG. 3, the rail portion 111 is a rail that extends on the upper surface 16 </ b> A of the base 16 in the direction along the workpiece-side axial axis 102 (X-axis direction). As shown in FIG. 3, the rail engaging portion 112 is a member that is provided on the bottom surface of the workpiece side shaft device supporting portion 110 and is engaged with the rail portion 111 so as to be movable along the rail portion 111. An example of the rail engaging portion 112 is an LM guide (registered trademark).

  The rail engaging portion 112 can reciprocate along the rail portion 111 together with the workpiece side shaft device support portion 110. Thereby, the workpiece | work side shaft apparatus 10 becomes movable so that it may approach or separate from the spindle apparatus 12 grade | etc.,.

  The workpiece side shaft device relative movement mechanism 11 may be operated by a reciprocating device (not shown). The reciprocating device reciprocates the workpiece side shaft device support portion 110 and the rail engagement portion 112 in the direction along the workpiece side axis axis 102 (X-axis direction) under the control of a control unit (not shown). is there. The reciprocating device includes, for example, a ball screw mechanism (not shown) and a motor (not shown). The ball screw mechanism is driven by a motor. Further, the ball screw mechanism is arranged such that the axial direction of its own screw is in the direction along the workpiece side axis line 102 (X axis direction), and is connected to the workpiece side shaft device support portion 110 and the rail engagement portion 112.

  When the motor is driven, the workpiece side shaft device support portion 110 and the rail engagement portion 112 reciprocate in the direction along the workpiece side axis axis 102 by the ball screw mechanism. That is, the workpiece side shaft device 10 is reciprocated in the direction along the workpiece side axis axis 102 by the reciprocating device via the workpiece side shaft device relative movement mechanism 11. Note that the reciprocating device is not limited to the above configuration, and may be a device having another configuration.

  In the above, the workpiece side shaft device 10 is configured to be movable in the direction along the workpiece side axis axis line 102 (X axis direction), but on the upper surface 16A of the base 16 a direction perpendicular to the workpiece side axis axis line 102 ( (Y-axis direction) and the normal direction (Z-axis direction) of the upper surface 16A of the base 16 may be configured to be movable. If comprised in this way, the position of a workpiece | work can be set freely.

<Spindle device and rotation transmission mechanism>
Next, the spindle device 12 and the rotation transmission mechanism 13 will be described with reference to FIGS. The spindle device 12 includes a spindle 120 and a spindle drive unit 121.

  The main shaft 120 is a rod-shaped shaft member. The main shaft 120 is held by a main shaft driving unit 121 so as to be rotatable by a bearing or the like. The main shaft 120 is rotated by a main shaft driving unit 121 around its own central axis (hereinafter referred to as main shaft axis) 122. As shown in FIG. 4, in the virtual XYZ space, the spindle device 12 is arranged so that the spindle axis 122 is parallel to the X-axis direction.

  The main shaft drive unit 121 rotates the main shaft 120 about the main shaft axis 122 as a rotation axis. The spindle drive unit 121 is configured by, for example, a motor.

  The rotation transmission mechanism 13 transmits the rotation of the main shaft 120 to another. The rotation transmission mechanism 13 is configured by a coupling, for example. Further, the rotation transmission mechanism 13 is accommodated in the housing 132.

  The rotation transmission mechanism 13 has an insertion hole 13A into which the input shaft 17 of the vibration conversion unit 14 is inserted. When the input shaft 17 of the vibration conversion unit 14 is inserted into the insertion hole 13A of the rotation transmission mechanism 13, an engagement mechanism that transmits the rotation of the rotation transmission mechanism 13 to the input shaft 17 is the input shaft 17 and It is preferable to be provided inside the insertion hole 13A. Although not shown, the main shaft 120 is similarly inserted into the insertion hole of the rotation transmission mechanism 13 and attached to the rotation transmission mechanism 13. As described above, when the input shaft 17 and the main shaft 120 are connected by the rotation transmission mechanism 13, the rotation is transmitted from the main shaft 120 to the input shaft 17.

<Removable base for main unit>
The main body side detachable pedestal 130 is a pedestal for attaching a vibration conversion unit 14 described below. As shown in FIG. 4A, the main body side detachable pedestal 130 is formed at the end of the housing 132 on the side opposite to the side on which the spindle driving unit 121 is disposed. Then, as shown in FIG. 4A, the main body side detachable pedestal 130 has a main body side contact surface 130A, an opening 130B, and a screw hole 130C.

  The main body side contact surface 130 </ b> A is a surface that comes into contact with the vibration conversion unit 14 when the vibration conversion unit 14 is attached to the main body side detachable base 130. The main body side contact surface 130 </ b> A is configured by, for example, an end surface of the housing 132 on the opposite side to the side on which the main shaft driving unit 121 is disposed in the axial direction of the main shaft axis 122.

  The opening 130 </ b> B is provided for inserting a part of the vibration conversion unit 14 into the housing 132. 130 C of screw holes are provided in the inside of the housing | casing 132 of the rotation transmission mechanism 13 along the axial direction of the main axis 122 from the main body side contact surface 130A. As shown in FIG. 4B, a part of the vibration conversion unit 14 is inserted into the housing 132 of the rotation transmission mechanism 13 through the opening 130B, and the input shaft 17 is inserted into the insertion hole 13A. The vibration conversion unit 14 is attached to the main body side detachable pedestal 130 with screws 134 in a state where the vibration conversion unit 14 is in contact with the main body side contact surface 130 </ b> A of the main body side detachable pedestal 130.

<Vibration conversion unit>
Next, the vibration conversion unit 14 will be described with reference to FIGS. The vibration conversion unit 14 can hold the tool 140 and converts the rotation of the main shaft 120 transmitted through the rotation transmission mechanism 13 into the vibration of the tool 140. The vibration conversion unit 14 includes, for example, an input shaft 17, a main body 18, a unit-side detachable base 144, a tool holding unit 19, a rotational vibration conversion unit 20, and a guide unit 27.

<Input shaft>
The input shaft 17 is an axis through which the rotation of the main shaft 120 is input through the rotation transmission mechanism 13. The input shaft 17 rotates about its own axis (hereinafter referred to as input axis axis) 171 as a rotation axis.

<Main body>
The main body 18 holds the input shaft 17 in a freely rotatable manner. The main body 18 includes, for example, a housing 181 and bearings 182 and 183. The housing 181 accommodates at least a part of the input shaft 17. For example, the housing 181 is formed in a cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. The input shaft 17 is passed through the hollow space in the housing 181. The input shaft 17 is pivotally supported by bearings 182 and 183 attached to the inner periphery of the housing 181.

<Unit side mounting base>
The unit-side detachable base 144 is a base that can be attached to and detached from the main body-side removable base 130. As shown in FIGS. 4A and 5A, for example, the unit-side detachable pedestal 144 is perpendicular to the input axis axis 171 at a position adjacent to the tool holding portion 19 in the axial direction of the input axis axis 171. It is comprised by the protrusion part of the housing 181 which protrudes in a direction. The unit-side detachable base 144 has a unit-side contact surface 144A and a through hole 144B.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, the unit-side contact surface 144A is a surface that contacts the body-side contact surface 130A of the body-side detachable pedestal 130 when the vibration conversion unit 14 is attached to the body-side detachable pedestal 130. is there. 144 A of unit side contact surfaces are comprised by the end surface of the unit side attachment or detachment base 144 on the opposite side to the side in which the tool holding part 19 is arrange | positioned in the axial direction of the input shaft axis line 171, for example. It is preferable that the unit-side contact surface 144A and the main body-side contact surface 130A contact each other without a gap.

  The through-hole 144 </ b> B is a hole that penetrates the unit-side detachable base 144 in the axial direction of the input shaft axis 171. A part of the vibration conversion unit 14 is inserted into the inside of the housing 132 of the rotation transmission mechanism 13 through the opening 130 </ b> B, and the input shaft 17 is inserted into the insertion hole 13 </ b> A by the rotation transmission mechanism 13. When the unit side contact surface 144A of the unit side mounting base 144 is brought into contact with the main body side contact surface 130A, as shown in FIG. 4B, the position of the screw hole 130C and the position of the through hole 144B coincide. To do. Thus, an insertion space for the screw 134 extending in the axial direction of the input shaft axis 171 is formed by the screw hole 130C and the through hole 144B. As shown in FIG. 4A, the screw 134 can be inserted into the insertion space in a state where the tool holding portion 19 is separated from the main body portion 18. For this reason, the tool holding part 19 is attached to the main body part 18 after inserting the screw 134 into the insertion space of the screw 134 and attaching the main body part 18 to the main body side detachable base 130.

<Tool holder>
The tool holding unit 19 has a structure capable of holding the tool 140. Here, a case where the tool 140 is a cutting tool 143 composed of a shank 141 and a cutting edge 142 will be described as an example. As shown in FIG. 5A, the cutting tool 143 may be held by the tool holding unit 19 so as to extend in a direction parallel to the input shaft axis 171. In this case, the cutting tool 143 is held by the tool holding unit 19 by fitting and fixing the shank 141 in a recess formed in the tool holding unit 19 so as to extend in a direction parallel to the input axis axis 171.

  Further, the tool holding portion 19 is arranged so as to overlap the main body portion 18 as viewed in the direction along the input axis axis 171. Then, the end faces of the main body 18 and the tool holding part 19 are in contact with each other.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the cutting tool 143 may be held by the tool holding unit 19 so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the input shaft axis 171. In this case, the cutting tool 143 is held by the tool holding unit 19 by fitting and fixing the shank 141 in a recess formed in the tool holding unit 19 so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the input axis 171.

<Rotation vibration converter>
The rotation vibration converting unit 20 converts the rotation of the input shaft 17 into the vibration of the tool holding unit 19. The rotational vibration conversion unit 20 includes, for example, a rotational body 21 and a rotational vibration conversion mechanism 22. The rotating body 21 receives the rotation transmitted from the input shaft 17. An example of the rotating body 21 is a cam 23.

  The rotation vibration converting mechanism 22 converts the rotation of the rotating body 21 into the vibration of the tool holder 19 in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft 21A of the rotating body 21. In the vibration conversion unit 14, the direction perpendicular to the rotational axis 21 </ b> A of the rotational body 21 is a direction perpendicular to the axis of the input shaft 17 (hereinafter referred to as the input axis perpendicular direction) as shown in FIG. 5A. ) Corresponds to H.

  In the vibration conversion unit 14, the input shaft is composed of one input shaft 17, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the input shaft may be composed of a plurality of axes. In this case, each of the plurality of shafts is connected via a power transmission mechanism such as a gear. In addition, the plurality of axes may be arranged so that the respective axial directions are parallel, and some of the axes may be included so that the axial direction is perpendicular to the other axial directions. .

  Specifically, the rotational vibration conversion unit 20 includes, for example, a cam 23 and a follower surface 24 as shown in FIG. The cam 23 rotates in conjunction with the input shaft 17 about the input shaft axis 171 as a rotation axis. The tool holding unit 19 corresponds to a follower corresponding to the cam 23. The follower surface 24 is a surface formed on the tool holding unit 19 as a follower. That is, the follower surface 24 is a surface that is formed on the tool holding portion 19 and that can contact the circumferential surface of the cam 23 in the direction H perpendicular to the input axis. In addition, the follower surface 24 should just be provided in the tool holding | maintenance part 19 side so that the force from the cam 23 can be received. That is, the follower surface 24 may be formed on another member attached to the tool holding unit 19.

  When the cam 23 rotates in conjunction with the input shaft 17, the cam 23 applies a force in the direction H perpendicular to the input shaft to the tool holding portion 19 through the follower surface 24. As a result, the tool holder 19 vibrates in the direction H perpendicular to the input axis.

  Further, the cutting tool 143 vibrates in the direction H perpendicular to the input axis together with the tool holding unit 19. When cutting the workpiece 800 with the cutting tool 143, the cutting tool 143 is rotated by the workpiece-side shaft device 10 as shown in FIGS. Moved to the vicinity. Then, the cutting tool 143 moves relative to the workpiece 800, for example, in the negative X-axis direction or the negative Y-axis direction (see the arrow in FIG. 5A) while vibrating in the direction H (Y-axis direction) perpendicular to the input axis. Then, the workpiece 800 is cut.

  Specifically, the cam 23 is constituted by, for example, an eccentric bearing 25. The eccentric bearing 25 is connected to the input shaft 17. When the eccentric bearing 25 and the input shaft 17 are connected, the position of the central axis 251 of the eccentric bearing 25 is perpendicular to the input shaft axis 171 from the position of the input shaft axis 171 as shown in FIGS. The distance L is shifted to H. When the input shaft 17 rotates, the eccentric bearing 25 rotates eccentrically with the input shaft axis 171 as the rotation axis in conjunction with the rotation.

  The follower surface 24 is a part of the inner peripheral surface 191 of the recessed space 190 formed in the tool holding unit 19. The inner peripheral surface 191 of the concave space 190 surrounds the peripheral surface around the central axis 251 of the eccentric bearing 25. When the eccentric bearing 25 rotates, it comes into contact with the follower surface 24 that is a part of the inner peripheral surface 191 of the concave space 190.

  Specifically, the follower surface 24 has a surface 26A and a surface 26B, as shown in FIG. The surface 26 </ b> A and the surface 26 </ b> B constitute a part of the inner peripheral surface 191 of the recessed space 190. The surface 26A and the surface 26B oppose each other in the direction H perpendicular to the input axis. The eccentric bearing 25 abuts on the surface 26A and the surface 26B. A positive cam is formed by the surfaces 26A and 26B and the eccentric bearing 25.

<Guide Department>
The guide part 27 guides the tool holding part 19 in the direction H perpendicular to the input axis. For example, the guide unit 27 includes an urging unit 29 and a guide surface 28 as shown in FIG. The guide surface 28 is a surface that the main body portion 18 has, and is in contact with the tool holding portion 19 and extends along the direction H perpendicular to the input axis. That is, the guide surface 28 faces the tool holding portion 19 in the direction along the input axis axis 171.

  The urging unit 29 connects the main body 18 and the tool holding unit 19 in a state where the tool holding unit 19 is in contact with the guide surface 28. The urging unit 29 urges the tool holding unit 19 to return to the original position along the input axis orthogonal direction H when the tool holding unit 19 is displaced in the input axis orthogonal direction H.

  Specifically, the urging unit 29 is configured by, for example, a leaf spring that is curved near the center. The main body portion 18 and the tool holding portion 19 are arranged so that their end faces are in contact with each other and overlap each other when viewed from the direction along the input axis 171. The leaf spring is brought into contact with both the outer peripheral surface 184 of the main body 18 around the input axis axis 171 and the outer peripheral surface 192 of the tool holding unit 19 around the input axis axis 171 and is bridged between the two. In the state, it is fixed by screws 29A and 29B. As described above, the leaf springs attached to the main body 18 and the tool holding unit 19 press the tool holding unit 19 against the guide surface 28 and bring the tool holding unit 19 to the original position along the direction H perpendicular to the input axis. Functions to return.

  The guide portion 27 configured as described above guides the tool holding portion 19 in the direction perpendicular to the input axis H when a force is applied to the tool holding portion 19 in the direction perpendicular to the input axis H by the rotational vibration converting portion 20. To function.

  Further, as a guide unit having a configuration different from the guide unit 27, for example, a rail provided on the guide surface 28 and extending in the direction H perpendicular to the input shaft and the guide surface 28 in a direction along the input shaft axis 171 are opposed. A guide unit that is provided on the surface of the tool holding unit 19 and includes a rail engaging unit that engages with the rail is also included in the present invention.

<Operation of rotating vibration converter>
Next, the operation of the rotational vibration conversion unit 20 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a front view of the vibration conversion unit 14 when the vibration conversion unit 14 is viewed from the X-axis direction of the virtual XYZ space, and the direction perpendicular to the input axis is the same as the Y-axis. The direction from the eccentric bearing 25 toward the tip of the cutting tool 143 (the end on the side where the cutting edge 142 is provided) is the negative direction of the Y axis in the virtual XYZ space. As shown in FIG. 7A, an eccentric radius r is defined from the input shaft axis 171 to the central axis 251 of the eccentric bearing 25. A state where the eccentric radius r is parallel to the Y axis, that is, a state where the central axis 251 of the eccentric bearing 25 is located at the maximum coordinate Y1 on the Y axis is defined as an initial state of the vibration conversion unit 14. At this time, the position of the tip of the cutting tool 143 on the Y axis in the initial state is the coordinate P1.

  When the input shaft 17 rotates clockwise from the initial state, the eccentric bearing 25 gradually pushes up the tool holding portion 19 in the negative direction of the Y axis in a state where the eccentric bearing 25 is in contact with the surfaces 26A and 26B. Then, when the eccentric radius r rotates 90 degrees clockwise from the initial state, as shown in FIG. 7B, the central axis 251 of the eccentric bearing 25 is located at the coordinate Y2 on the Y axis. At this time, the tool holding unit 19 moves in the negative direction of the Y axis. The position of the tip of the cutting tool 143 on the Y axis is the coordinate P2. Note that (P1-P2) matches (Y1-Y2).

  When the eccentric radius r is rotated 180 degrees clockwise from the initial state, the central axis 251 of the eccentric bearing 25 is the smallest in the Y axis among the locus of the central axis 251 of the eccentric bearing 25 as shown in FIG. Located at coordinate Y3. At this time, the tool holding unit 19 moves in the negative direction of the Y axis. The position of the tip of the cutting tool 143 on the Y axis is the coordinate P3. When the central axis 251 of the eccentric bearing 25 is located at the minimum coordinate Y3, the tool holding portion 19 is most displaced in the negative direction of the Y axis.

  When the eccentric radius r rotates 270 degrees clockwise from the initial state, as shown in FIG. 7D, the central axis 251 of the eccentric bearing 25 is located at the coordinate Y2 on the Y axis. At this time, the tool holding unit 19 moves in the positive direction of the Y axis. The tip of the cutting tool 143 is located at the coordinate P2 on the Y axis. When the eccentric radius r rotates 360 degrees clockwise from the initial state, the initial state (see FIG. 7A) is restored. By repeating the above operations, the tool holder 19 vibrates in the direction perpendicular to the input axis (Y-axis direction). Since the inner peripheral surface 191 is a long hole in the Z direction, the displacement of the central axis 251 in the Z direction is absorbed.

<Spindle device relative movement part>
Next, the spindle device relative movement unit 15 will be described with reference to FIGS. The spindle device relative movement unit 15 moves the spindle device 12 relative to the workpiece side shaft device 10. Specifically, the spindle device relative moving unit 15 includes, for example, a Y-axis direction moving unit 150, an X-axis direction moving unit 151, and a Z-axis direction moving unit 152.

  As shown in FIG. 8A, the Y-axis direction moving unit 150 moves the spindle device 12 in the Y-axis direction, which is a direction perpendicular to the spindle axis 122 of the spindle 120, on the upper surface 16A of the base 16. It is. The Y-axis direction moving part 150 includes, for example, a Y-axis rail 150A, a Y-axis rail engaging part (not shown), and a Y-axis direction reciprocating device (not shown). The Y-axis rail 150A is a rail extending in the Y-axis direction. The Y-axis rail engaging portion is a member that is provided on the bottom surface of the X-axis direction moving portion 151 and is engaged with the Y-axis rail 150A so as to be movable along the Y-axis rail 150A. An example of the Y-axis rail engaging portion is an LM guide (registered trademark).

  The Y-axis direction reciprocating device includes, for example, a ball screw mechanism (not shown) and a motor (not shown). The ball screw mechanism is driven by a motor. The ball screw mechanism is arranged so that the axial direction of its own screw is parallel to the Y-axis direction. The ball screw mechanism is connected to the X-axis direction moving unit 151. When the motor is driven, the X-axis direction moving unit 151 reciprocates in the Y-axis direction by the ball screw mechanism. Note that the Y-axis direction reciprocating device is not limited to the above-described configuration, and may be a device having another configuration.

  As shown in FIG. 8B, the X-axis direction moving unit 151 moves the main shaft device 12 in the X-axis direction, which is a direction parallel to the main shaft axis 122 of the main shaft 120, on the upper surface of the Y-axis direction moving unit 150. Is. The X-axis direction moving part 151 includes, for example, an X-axis rail (not shown), an X-axis rail engaging part (not shown), and an X-axis direction reciprocating device (not shown). The X-axis rail is a rail extending in the X-axis direction. The X-axis rail engaging portion is a member that is provided on the bottom surface of the Z-axis direction moving portion 152 and is engaged with the X-axis rail so as to be movable along the X-axis rail. An example of the X-axis rail engaging portion is an LM guide (registered trademark).

  The X-axis direction reciprocating device includes, for example, a ball screw mechanism (not shown) and a motor (not shown) similarly to the Y-axis direction reciprocating device. The ball screw mechanism is arranged so that the axial direction of its own screw is parallel to the X-axis direction. The ball screw mechanism is connected to the Z-axis direction moving unit 152. When the motor is driven, the Z-axis direction moving unit 152 reciprocates in the X-axis direction by the ball screw mechanism. Note that the X-axis direction reciprocating device is not limited to the above-described configuration, and may be a device having another configuration.

  As shown in FIG. 8B, the Z-axis direction moving unit 152 moves the spindle device 12 in the Z-axis direction, which is a direction approaching or leaving the upper surface 16A of the base 16 in a direction perpendicular to the spindle axis 122. Is. The Z-axis direction moving unit 152 includes, for example, a ball screw mechanism (not shown), a motor (not shown), and a spindle device support surface 152A. The spindle device support surface 152A is a surface that supports the spindle device 12. The ball screw mechanism is arranged so that the axial direction of its own screw is parallel to the Z-axis direction. The ball screw mechanism is coupled to the spindle device support surface 152A. When the motor is driven, the spindle device support surface 152A reciprocates in the Z-axis direction by a ball screw mechanism.

<Second embodiment>
<Overall configuration>
First, with reference to FIG. 9, the processing apparatus 2 in 2nd embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. The processing device 2 includes a workpiece side shaft device 10, a workpiece side shaft device relative movement mechanism 11, a main shaft device 12, a rotation transmission mechanism 13, a vibration conversion unit 30, a main shaft device relative movement portion 15, and a base. 16. The processing device 2 has substantially the same structure as the processing device 1. The difference between the processing device 2 and the processing device 1 is the vibration direction of the tool holder in the vibration conversion unit.

<Vibration conversion unit>
Next, the vibration conversion unit 30 in the processing apparatus 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. The vibration conversion unit 30 can hold the tool 300 and converts the rotation of the main shaft 120 transmitted through the rotation transmission mechanism 13 into the vibration of the tool 300. The vibration conversion unit 30 includes, for example, the input shaft 17, the main body 32, the unit-side detachable base 344, the tool holding unit 33, and the rotational vibration conversion unit 34. Since the input shaft 17 in the processing apparatus 2 is the same as that in the processing apparatus 1 and has already been described above, the description thereof is omitted.

<Main body>
The main body 32 holds the input shaft 17 in a freely rotatable manner. As shown in FIG. 10A, the main body 32 includes a housing 321 and bearings 322 and 323, for example. The housing 321 accommodates at least a part of the input shaft 17. The housing 321 is formed in a cylindrical shape, for example, as shown in FIG. The input shaft 17 is passed through the hollow space in the housing 321. The input shaft 17 is pivotally supported by bearings 322 and 323 attached to the inner periphery of the housing 321.

<Unit side mounting base>
Next, the unit side mounting base 344 will be described with reference to FIGS. The unit-side detachable base 344 is a base that can be attached to and detached from the main body-side removable base 130. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 12A, the unit-side detachable base 344 has, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and is a set of two. The unit-side detachable pedestal 344 is separable from the main body portion 32 and the tool holding portion 33. The unit-side detachable base 344 has a unit-side contact surface 344A, a through hole 344B, and a guide surface 344C.

  The unit-side abutment surface 344A is a surface that abuts the main body-side abutment surface 130A of the main body-side detachable pedestal 130 when the unit-side detachable pedestal 344 is attached to the main body-side detachable pedestal 130. The unit-side contact surface 344A and the main body-side contact surface 130A are preferably in contact with no gap. The through hole 344 </ b> B is a hole that penetrates the unit-side detachable base 144. As shown in FIG. 12B, the unit-side detachable pedestal 344 is arranged so that the through hole 344 </ b> B extends in the axial direction of the input shaft axis 171 when attached to the main body-side detachable pedestal 130.

  As shown in FIG. 12 (B), the guide surface 344C is detachable on the unit side facing the tool holding portion 33 in the direction perpendicular to the input axis 171 when the unit side detachable pedestal 344 is attached to the main body side detachable pedestal 130. This is the surface of the pedestal 344. As will be described later, the tool holding portion 33 vibrates in a direction along the input axis 171. The guide surface 344C acts to guide the tool holding portion 33 in a direction along the input axis axis 171.

  When the vibration conversion unit 14 is attached to the main body side mounting base 130 by the unit side mounting base 344, for example, the main body 32 is inserted into the inside of the casing 132 of the rotation transmission mechanism 13 through the opening 130B. Then, the unit side mounting surface 344A is in contact with the main body side contact surface 130A, and the unit side mounting base 344 is input to the tool holding unit 33 so that the position of the screw hole 130C matches the position of the through hole 344B. It is arranged on both sides in the direction perpendicular to the axis. Thus, an insertion space for the screw 134 extending in the axial direction of the input shaft axis 171 is formed by the screw hole 130C and the through hole 344B. As shown in FIG. 12B, by inserting the screw 134 into the insertion space of the screw 134 and screwing the screw 134 into the screw hole 130C, the unit-side detachable base 344 is attached to the main body-side removable base 130. It is attached. At this time, in order not to disturb the vibration in the direction along the input axis axis 171 of the tool holding portion 33, a slight gap is formed between the guide surfaces 344C on both sides of the tool holding portion 33 in the direction perpendicular to the input axis and the tool holding portion 33. Is formed.

  Note that a rail mechanism (not shown) may be provided in the gap between the guide surface 344C and the tool holding portion 33 to vibrate the tool holding portion 33 more smoothly. The rail mechanism is provided, for example, on the guide surface 344C and provided on the rail extending in the direction perpendicular to the input axis H and on the surface of the tool holder 33 facing the guide surface 344C in the direction perpendicular to the input axis, and It is comprised by the rail engaging part engaged with a rail.

<Tool holder>
Returning to FIG. 10, the tool holding portion 33 will be described. The tool holding unit 33 has a structure capable of holding the tool 300. Here, a case where the tool 300 is a cutting tool 303 composed of a shank 301 and a cutting edge 302 will be described as an example. As shown in FIG. 10A, the cutting tool 303 is held by the tool holding unit 19 so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the input axis 171. In this case, as shown in FIG. 10A, the cutting tool 303 is held by fitting and fixing the shank 301 in a recess formed in the tool holding part 33 so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the input axis 171. As a result, the tool holder 33 holds the tool.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the cutting tool 303 may be held by the tool holding unit 19 so as to extend in a direction parallel to the input axis axis 171. In this case, the tool 303 is held by the tool holder 33 by the shank 301 being fitted and fixed in a recess formed in the tool holder 33 so as to extend in a direction parallel to the input axis 171. Is done.

  Moreover, the tool holding | maintenance part 33 has 33A of internal spaces, and the opening 33B, as shown to FIG. 10 (A). A part of the main body 32 is inserted into the internal space 33A through the opening 33B. Thereby, a part of the inner peripheral surface 33 </ b> C of the tool holding part 33 surrounding the internal space 33 </ b> A surrounds a part of the main body part 32. A coil spring 39 is arranged along the input shaft axis 171 in a gap between a part of the outer peripheral surface 32B of the main body part 32 and a part of the inner peripheral surface 33C of the tool holding part 33. This prevents the main body portion 32 and the tool holding portion 33 from colliding and guides the tool holding portion 33 in the same direction as the input axis 171 so that it can be smoothly displaced.

  A biasing portion 40 is provided between the main body portion 32 and the tool holding portion 33. The urging unit 40 is disposed along the input shaft axis 171 and urges in the axial direction of the input shaft axis 171. The urging unit 40 is configured by, for example, a coil spring. The urging unit 40 is held in a posture along the input axis 171 in a space J between the opening end surface 33D of the opening 33B and the opening facing surface 32A of the main body 32 in the main body 32. The opening facing surface 32 </ b> A is a surface of the main body 32 that faces the opening end surface 33 </ b> D in the direction along the input axis 171. At this time, when the tool holding portion 33 moves along the input axis 171 in the direction from the tool holding portion 33 toward the main body portion 32 (X-axis positive direction), the tool holding portion 33 is moved to the original position by the biasing portion 40. It is urged to return to. In addition, although it is assumed that the urging | biasing part 40 is not fixed to 32 A of opening opposing surfaces and the opening end surface 33D, both ends are not limited to this, You may be fixing.

<Rotation vibration converter>
The rotation vibration conversion unit 34 converts the rotation of the input shaft 17 into the vibration of the tool holding unit 33. The rotational vibration conversion unit 34 includes, for example, a rotational body 35 and a rotational vibration conversion mechanism 36. The rotating body 35 receives the rotation transmitted from the input shaft 17. An example of the rotating body 35 is a slope cam 37.

  The rotation vibration conversion mechanism 36 converts the rotation of the rotation body 35 into the vibration of the tool holder 33 in a direction parallel to the rotation shaft 35 </ b> A of the rotation body 35. In the vibration conversion unit 30, the direction parallel to the rotation axis 35 </ b> A of the rotation body 35 corresponds to a direction G (hereinafter referred to as an input axis parallel direction) G along the input axis axis 171 as shown in FIG. To do.

  Specifically, the rotational vibration conversion unit 34 includes, for example, a slope cam 37 and a follower 38 having a follower surface 38A. For example, as shown in FIG. 10B, the inclined cam 37 is configured such that the follower side surface 37 </ b> A that contacts the follower surface 38 </ b> A is inclined with respect to the input shaft axis 171. The slope cam 37 is provided at the end of the input shaft 17 and rotates in conjunction with the input shaft 17 with the input shaft axis 171 as a rotation axis. Instead of the slope cam 37, for example, an end face cam using a cylindrical end face or other cams that reciprocate the follower 38 in the input shaft parallel direction G may be used.

  The follower 38 is a follower corresponding to the slope cam 37. The follower 38 is provided on the cam facing surface 33 </ b> E facing the follower side surface 37 </ b> A of the inclined cam 37 in the direction along the input shaft axis 171 in the inner peripheral surface 33 </ b> C of the tool holding portion 33. If the follower 38 is provided on the tool holding portion 33 side, the follower 38 may be integrally formed as a part of the tool holding portion 33 or may be attached to the cam facing surface 33E of the tool holding portion 33 as a separate member. . The follower surface 38 </ b> A contacts the follower side surface 37 </ b> A of the slope cam 37.

  In the rotational vibration converting section 34 configured as described above, when the inclined cam 37 rotates about the input shaft axis 171 as a rotation axis, the tool holding section 33 reciprocates in the input shaft parallel direction G together with the follower 38. . As a result, the tool holding portion 33 vibrates along the input shaft parallel direction G.

  The tool 303 vibrates in the input shaft parallel direction G together with the tool holding unit 33. When the workpiece 800 is cut by the cutting tool 303, the cutting tool 303 is moved by the spindle device relative movement unit 15 in the vicinity of the workpiece 800 rotated by the workpiece side shaft device 10 as shown in FIGS. Moved. The cutting tool 303 vibrates in the input axis parallel direction G (X axis direction), for example, in the X axis negative direction or the Y axis negative direction (see the arrow in FIG. 10A) with respect to the workpiece 800. The workpiece 800 is cut by relative movement.

<Operation of rotating vibration converter>
Next, the operation of the rotational vibration conversion unit 34 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 13 is a front view of the vibration conversion unit 30 as viewed from the Y-axis direction of the virtual XYZ space, and the input axis parallel direction is the same as the X-axis of the virtual XYZ space. The direction from the tool holding portion 33 toward the main body portion 32 is the positive direction of the X axis in the virtual XYZ space. As shown in FIG. 13A, the state in which the follower 38 is in contact with the portion 37 </ b> A having the smallest thickness among the portions in contact with the follower 38 in the slope cam 37 is defined as the initial state of the vibration conversion unit 30. . At this time, the position of the tip of the cutting tool 303 in the initial state on the X axis is the coordinate X1.

  When the input shaft 17 rotates clockwise from the initial state, the slope cam 37 is in contact with the follower surface 38A, and the tool holding portion 33 is moved together with the follower 38 against the biasing force of the biasing portion 40. Gradually push in the positive direction of the axis. Then, when the input shaft 17 rotates 180 degrees clockwise from the initial state, as shown in FIG. 13B, the portion 37B having the largest thickness among the portions in contact with the follower 38 in the slope cam 37 is moved to the follower 37B. 38 comes into contact. At this time, the position of the tip of the cutting tool 303 on the X axis is the coordinate X2.

  When the input shaft 17 further rotates clockwise from the state shown in FIG. 13B, the thickness of the slope cam 37 that contacts the follower 38 decreases, so that the tool holder 33 and the tool holder 33 together with the follower 38. Is biased by the biasing portion 40 in the direction from the main body portion 32 toward the main body portion 32 (X-axis negative direction).

  When the input shaft 17 rotates 180 degrees clockwise from the state of FIG. 13B, the initial state is restored. By repeating the above operation, the tool holding portion 33 vibrates in the direction parallel to the input axis (X-axis direction).

<Variation 1 of the rotational vibration conversion unit>
Next, with reference to FIG. 14, a modified example of the rotational vibration conversion unit 34 will be described. 14 is the same as the processing apparatus 2 except for the structure of the rotational vibration conversion unit 34 and the attachment mode of the urging unit 40. As shown in FIG. 14A, the rotational vibration conversion unit 34 includes, for example, a cam 340 and a follower 343 having a follower surface 345A. The cam 340 includes, for example, a first track disc 341 and a rolling element 342.

  As shown in FIG. 14B, the first track disc 341 is an annular member. The input shaft 17 is passed through the central hole 341 </ b> B of the first washer 341, and the first washer 341 is attached to the input shaft 17 so that its own center axis coincides with the input shaft axis 171. Thus, the first washer 341 is held by the input shaft 17 and receives a load in the input shaft parallel direction G from the input shaft 17.

  The rolling element 342 includes a plurality of spherical members 342A and a holder 342B. The holder 342B is an annular member. The plurality of spherical members 342A are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on one surface side of the cage 342B, and are held so as to roll freely. The rolling elements 342 are installed on the first raceway surface 341 </ b> A that is one surface of the first raceway 341. At this time, the rolling element 342 is installed such that the other surface of the cage 342B contacts the first track surface 341A. Accordingly, the rolling element 342 rotates together with the first washer 341 about the central axis of the first washer 341 as a rotation axis.

  The follower 343 includes a second track disc 350 and a convex portion 345. The second washer 350 is an annular member as shown in FIG. Although the size of the second washer disk 350 is assumed to be substantially the same as that of the first washer disk 341, the present invention is not limited to this, and both may be somewhat different in size. In addition, the second track disk 350 has a second track surface 350A that faces the first track surface 341A in the input shaft parallel direction G. The second washer 350 is held by the tool holding unit 33.

  The convex portion 345 is a portion that is convex in the input axis parallel direction G from the second raceway surface 350A. A surface of the convex portion 345 facing the first track surface 341A in the input axis parallel direction G is a follower surface 345A.

  The rolling elements 342 are sandwiched between the second washer 350 and the first washer 341 as described above. At this time, the follower surface 345A is disposed so as to be in contact with the spherical member 342A on the track of the spherical member 342A.

  The urging unit 40 is held in a posture along the input axis 171 in the space J. The urging portion 40 has one end fixed to the opening facing surface 32A and the other end fixed to the opening end surface 33D.

  The operation of the cam 340 configured as described above will be described below. When the input shaft 17 rotates, the rolling element 342 also rotates together with the first track disc 341. On the other hand, the second washer 350 is substantially stationary with respect to the first washer 341 and the rolling elements 342.

  When the spherical member 342A of the rolling element 342 that rotates in conjunction with the input shaft 17 comes into contact with the follower surface 345A, the spherical member 342A moves the tool holding portion 33 together with the convex portion 345 to the tool holding portion 33 in the input shaft parallel direction G. Push to the side. When the rolling element 342 further rotates and the spherical member 342A moves away from the follower surface 345A, the tool holding portion 33 together with the convex portion 345 moves to the main body portion 32 side in the input shaft parallel direction G by the urging force of the urging portion 40. Is done. When the rolling element 342 further rotates, the spherical member 342A again comes into contact with the follower surface 345A and pushes the tool holding part 33 together with the convex part 345 toward the tool holding part 33 in the input axis parallel direction G. By repeating the above, the tool holding portion 33 vibrates in the input shaft parallel direction G.

<Third embodiment>
<Overall configuration>
Next, with reference to FIG. 15, the processing apparatus 3 in 3rd embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. The processing device 3 integrates the unit-side detachable base 344 and the main body portion 32 in the processing device 2 and realizes a return force acting on the tool holding portion 33 not by the biasing portion 40 but by the plate spring 347. is there. Other than that is the same as the processing apparatus 2.

  As shown in FIG. 15A, the unit side mounting base 344 in the processing apparatus 3 is integrated with the housing 321 of the main body 32. The arrangement of the housing 321 and the unit-side detachable base 344 is the same as that in the processing apparatus 2. Other points of the unit side mounting base 344 in the processing apparatus 3 are the same as those of the unit side mounting base 344 in the processing apparatus 2, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  In addition, when attaching the unit-side detachable pedestal 344 in the processing apparatus 3 to the main body-side detachable pedestal 130, as shown in FIG. Since it is the same, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The rotational vibration conversion unit 34 is the same as that described in the processing apparatus 2. That is, the rotation vibration conversion unit 34 converts the rotation of the input shaft 17 into vibration in the direction parallel to the input shaft. Further, the tool holding portion 33 is connected to the unit-side detachable base 344 and a leaf spring 347. When the tool holding part 33 moves to the advancing side in the direction parallel to the input axis, a restoring force is applied from the leaf spring 347 to return to the original position. Thereby, the tool holding part 33 vibrates in the input axis parallel direction.

<Fourth embodiment>
<Overall configuration>
Next, with reference to FIGS. 16-18, the processing apparatus 4 in 4th embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. The processing device 4 is a so-called turning center and can hold a plurality of vibration conversion units. The processing device 4 includes, for example, a workpiece side shaft device 10, a workpiece side shaft device relative movement mechanism 11, a main shaft device 12, a rotation transmission mechanism 13, a turret 50, a turret rotation portion 51, and a clutch portion 52. The vibration conversion units 53 </ b> A to 53 </ b> C, the rotating tool units 54 </ b> A to 54 </ b> G, the control device 55, the spindle device relative movement unit 15, and the base 16 are provided.

  In the processing apparatus 4, the spindle device 12 rotates in any one of a plurality of processing units (hereinafter referred to as processing unit groups) including the vibration conversion units 53 </ b> A to 53 </ b> C and the rotating tool units 54 </ b> A to 54 </ b> G. Communicated. The rotating tool units 54A to 54G are units that hold a rotating tool that rotates to cut a workpiece. Examples of such a rotating tool include an end mill and a drill.

  The vibration conversion units 53 </ b> A to 53 </ b> C perform a vibration machining operation with a tool that is held using the power of the rotation transmission mechanism 13. The vibration conversion units 53 </ b> A to 53 </ b> C include at least one of those that vibrate the tool to be held in the radial direction of the turret 50 described later and those that vibrate the tool to be held in the axial direction of the turret 50. Examples of the vibration conversion unit 53A include the vibration conversion unit 14 described in the processing apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment. Moreover, as the vibration conversion units 53B and 53C, for example, the vibration conversion unit 30 described in the processing apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment can be given. The rotary tool units 54 </ b> A to 54 </ b> G perform a rotary machining operation with a tool that is held using the power of the rotary transmission mechanism 13. A specific configuration for realizing such an operation will be described below.

  The turret 50 includes a columnar housing (hereinafter referred to as a turret housing) 50A such as a substantially cylindrical shape or a polygonal columnar shape. The turret housing 50A constitutes at least a part of a housing in which the rotation transmission mechanism 13 is housed. The turret housing 50A is formed with a plurality of body-side detachable pedestals 130 having the same standard along the circumferential direction. Each of the processing unit groups has a unit side detachable base 144 that conforms to the standard of the main body side detachable base 130. When each unit side mounting base 144 of the processing unit group is mounted on the main body side mounting base 130 of the turret 50, the vibration conversion units 53A to 53C and the rotating tool units 54A to 54G are placed on the circumferential surface of the turret 50. Arranged at equal intervals.

  When the machining unit group is attached to the turret housing 50A, each input shaft 17 of the machining unit group extends toward the central axis 50B of the turret 50 as shown in FIG. When viewed from the center axis 50 </ b> B of the turret 50, the input shafts 17 of the processing unit group are arranged so as to extend radially from the center axis 50 </ b> B of the turret 50. Further, the turret 50 is arranged such that its own central axis 50 </ b> B coincides with the spindle axis 122 of the spindle device 12.

  The rotation transmission mechanism 13 transmits the rotation of the main shaft 120 in a direction perpendicular to the main shaft axis 122 (hereinafter referred to as a main shaft axis perpendicular direction). For example, the rotation transmission mechanism 13 is realized by a bevel gear.

  The clutch unit 52 transmits or blocks rotation between any one of the processing unit groups arranged at a specific position by the rotation of the turret 50 and the rotation transmission mechanism 13. Specifically, the clutch unit 52 connects or disconnects the input shaft 17 and the rotation transmission mechanism 13 in any one of the processing unit groups arranged at a specific position. As a clutch part, the thing of various aspects, such as a dog clutch, a friction clutch, an electromagnetic clutch, is mentioned, for example.

  Moreover, the clutch part 52 may be a clutch part 52A as shown in FIG. 18, for example. The clutch part 52 </ b> A includes at least a tongue 520 provided in each processing unit group and a tongue engaging part 521 connected to the rotation transmission mechanism 13.

  The tongue 520 is a convex portion provided at the end of each input shaft 17 of the processing unit group. The tongue engaging portion 521 is provided with a concave engaging groove 521A having a shape and size that can be engaged with the tongue 520. Further, the tongue engaging portion 521 is disposed so that the tongue 520 of the processing unit disposed at the specific position engages with the engaging groove 521A. As a result, the rotation of the main shaft 120 is transmitted from the rotation transmission mechanism 13 to the input shaft 17 of the machining unit disposed at the specific position.

  The specific position refers to a position where the direction along the input axis 171 coincides with the rotation axis direction 13B (the direction perpendicular to the main axis) transmitted from the rotation transmission mechanism 13. For example, the vibration conversion unit 53B is arranged at a specific position in FIG.

  The turret rotation unit 51 rotates the turret 50 around the central axis 50 </ b> B of the turret 50. When the turret 50 is rotated by the turret rotation unit 51, the processing unit disposed at the specific position is changed.

  The control device 55 controls the operation of the processing device 4 and includes a control unit 56 and an input unit 57.

  The control unit 56 controls, for example, the turret rotation unit 51, the clutch unit 52, and the machining unit group according to a predetermined program. The control unit 56 stores a plurality of programs. A plurality of programs can be selected through the input unit 57. A new program can be input through the input unit 57. Therefore, the workpiece is processed by the control unit 56 controlling the turret rotation unit 51, the clutch unit 52, the processing unit group, and the like according to a program input or selected through the input unit 57.

<Operation of processing equipment>
With reference to FIG. 19, an example of operation | movement of the processing apparatus 4 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated below. As an operation of the processing apparatus 4, for example, an example is an operation in which a workpiece (not shown) to be processed is first processed using the vibration conversion unit 53 </ b> A and then processed using the vibration conversion unit 53 </ b> C. I will give you a description.

  Upon receiving a command from the control unit 56, the turret rotation unit 51 rotates the turret 50 in the arrow direction of FIG. 19A so that the vibration conversion unit 53A is arranged at a specific position. Thereby, the vibration conversion unit 53A is arranged at the specific position. As shown in FIG. 19A, while the turret rotation unit 51 rotates the turret 50, the clutch unit 52 rotates between the rotation transmission mechanism 13 and the processing unit group. Block transmission.

  When the vibration conversion unit 53A is arranged at the specific position, the clutch unit 52 then connects the rotation transmission mechanism 13 and the vibration conversion unit 53A as shown in FIG. The rotation is transmitted from 13 to the vibration conversion unit 53A. Thereby, the vibration conversion unit 53A performs a vibration operation for vibrating the tool in the direction of the central axis 50B of the turret 50. Then, the cutting edge of the cutting tool in the vibration conversion unit 53A is brought into contact with the rotating workpiece while being vibrated. Thereby, the workpiece is subjected to vibration cutting by the vibration conversion unit 53A.

  When the vibration cutting by the vibration conversion unit 53A is completed, the vibration conversion unit 53A is separated from the workpiece. Further, as shown in FIG. 19C, the clutch portion 52 blocks transmission of rotation between the rotation transmission mechanism 13 and the vibration conversion unit 53A.

  Next, upon receiving a command from the control unit 56, the turret rotation unit 51 rotates the turret 50 in the arrow direction of FIG. 19C so that the vibration conversion unit 53C is disposed at a specific position. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 19D, the vibration conversion unit 53C is arranged at the specific position. As shown in FIG. 19C, while the turret rotation unit 51 rotates the turret 50, the clutch unit 52 rotates between the rotation transmission mechanism 13 and the processing unit group. Block transmission.

  When the vibration conversion unit 53C is arranged at the specific position, the clutch unit 52 then connects the rotation transmission mechanism 13 and the vibration conversion unit 53C as shown in FIG. The rotation is transmitted from 13 to the vibration conversion unit 53C. Thereby, the vibration conversion unit 53 </ b> C performs a vibration operation for vibrating the tool in the radial direction of the turret 50. Then, the cutting edge of the cutting tool in the vibration converting unit 53C is brought into contact with the rotating work in a vibrating state. Thereby, the workpiece is subjected to vibration cutting by the vibration conversion unit 53C.

  In addition, although the example of the process of the workpiece | work using only a vibration conversion unit was demonstrated above, this is an example and of course processing of the workpiece | work using a vibration conversion unit and a rotation tool unit is also possible in the processing apparatus 4. It is.

  It should be noted that the same standard is applied to both a single-type processing apparatus having one main body side detachable pedestal such as the processing apparatuses 1 to 3 and a turret type processing apparatus having a plurality of main body side detachable pedestals such as the processing apparatus 4. It is preferable that a main body side detachable base is provided. In this case, the processing unit group including the vibration conversion unit has a unit-side detachable pedestal that can be mounted on the main body-side detachable pedestal. Multiple processing devices (single-type processing device and turret type processing device) having a common standard attaching / detaching mechanism (main body attaching / detaching base and unit side attaching / detaching base) as described above and a group of vibration conversion units (hereinafter, processing device series) Is provided), the vibration conversion unit can be attached to various types of processing apparatuses, and the cost for introducing equipment can be reduced.

  Note that the processing device and the processing device series of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

1, 2, 3, 4 Processing device 10 Work side shaft device 11 Work side shaft device relative movement mechanism 12 Main shaft device 13 Rotation transmission mechanism 13A Insertion hole 13B Rotation shaft direction 14, 30, 53A, 53B, 53C Vibration conversion unit DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 Main axis | shaft apparatus relative movement part 16 Base 17 Input shaft 18,32 Main body part 19,33 Tool holding | maintenance part 20,34 Rotation vibration conversion part 21,35 Rotation body 21A, 35A Rotation shaft 22,36 Rotation vibration conversion mechanism 23,340 Cam 24,38A Follower surface 25 Eccentric bearing 26A, 26B surface 27 Guide portion 28,344C Guide surface 29,40 Biasing portion 37 Slope cam 37A, 345A Follower side surface 38,343 Follower 39 Coil spring 50 Turret 50A Turret housing 50B Central shaft 51 Turret rotation part 52, 52A Clutch part 54A, 54 , 54C, 54D, 54E, 54F, 54G Rotary tool unit 55 Control device 56 Control unit 57 Input unit 100 Work side shaft 101 Work side axis drive unit 102 Work side axis axis 103 Work holding mechanism 110 Work side shaft device support unit 111 Rail portion 112 Rail engaging portion 120 Main shaft 121 Main shaft drive portion 122 Main shaft axis 130 Main body side detachable base 130A Main body side contact surface 130B Opening 130C Screw hole 132 Housing 134 Screw 140,300 Tool 141, 301 Shank 142, 302 Cutting edge 143 , 303 Bite 144 Unit side mounting base 144A Unit side contact surface 144B, 344B Through hole 150 Y-axis direction moving part 150A Y-axis rail 151 X-axis direction moving part 152 Z-axis direction moving part 152A Spindle device support surface 171 Input axis axis 181 , 321 Housing 182, 183, 322, 323 Bearing 184 Outer peripheral surface 190 Recessed space 251 Central axis of eccentric bearing 341 First raceway 341A First raceway 341B Hole 342 Rolling element 342A Spherical member 342B Cage 344 Unit side removable base 344A Unit side contact surface 345 Protruding portion 347 Leaf spring 350 Second washer 350A Second raceway 520 Tongue 521 Tongue engaging portion 521A Engaging groove 800 Work G Input shaft parallel direction H Input shaft perpendicular direction r Eccentric radius

Claims (18)

A processing device for processing a workpiece by vibrating a tool,
A spindle device for rotating the spindle;
A rotation transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotation of the main shaft;
A main body side detachable pedestal formed in a casing of the rotation transmission mechanism;
The main body side detachable pedestal has a unit side detachable pedestal, is capable of holding the tool, and is attached to the main body side detachable pedestal when the main shaft is transmitted through the rotation transmission mechanism. A vibration conversion unit that converts rotation into vibration of the tool;
Characterized by comprising,
Processing equipment. The vibration conversion unit is
An input shaft to which the rotation of the main shaft is input through the rotation transmission mechanism;
A main body that rotatably holds the input shaft;
A tool holder configured to hold the tool;
A rotation vibration conversion unit that converts rotation of the input shaft into vibration of the tool holding unit;
The unit-side detachable base connected to the input shaft;
Characterized by comprising,
The processing apparatus according to claim 1. The rotational vibration conversion unit is
A rotating body that receives the rotation transmitted from the input shaft;
A rotation vibration converting mechanism that converts the rotation of the rotating body into the vibration of the tool holder in a direction perpendicular to or parallel to the rotation axis of the rotating body;
Characterized by comprising,
The processing apparatus according to claim 2. The rotational vibration conversion unit converts the vibration of the tool holding unit in a direction perpendicular to the input shaft (hereinafter referred to as a direction perpendicular to the input shaft).
The processing apparatus according to claim 2. The rotational vibration conversion unit is
A cam that rotates in conjunction with the input shaft, with the axis of the input shaft or an axis parallel to the axis of the input shaft as a rotation axis;
A follower surface in a follower provided on the tool holding portion side and capable of contacting the peripheral surface of the cam in a direction perpendicular to the input axis;
With
When the cam rotates, the follower surface is pressed, and the tool holder vibrates in a direction perpendicular to the input shaft.
The processing apparatus according to claim 4. The follower surface has a first surface and a second surface facing each other in the direction perpendicular to the input axis,
A positive cam mechanism is configured by the first surface, the second surface, and the cam.
The processing apparatus according to claim 5. The tool holder has a space;
An inner circumferential surface of the space surrounds a circumferential surface around the rotation axis of the cam;
At least a part of the inner peripheral surface constitutes the follower surface,
The processing apparatus according to claim 5 or 6. A guide unit for guiding the tool holding unit in a direction perpendicular to the input axis;
The tool holding portion is disposed so as to overlap the main body portion when viewed from the axial direction of the input shaft,
The processing apparatus in any one of Claims 5-7. The guide part is
An urging unit that couples the main body and the tool holding unit and urges the tool holding unit to return along the direction perpendicular to the input axis to a position before the tool holding unit is displaced. When,
A guide surface of the main body that contacts the tool holding portion and extends along a direction perpendicular to the input axis;
Characterized by comprising,
The processing apparatus according to claim 8. The guide part is
A rail extending along a direction perpendicular to the output side axis;
A rail engaging portion that is provided in the tool holding portion and engages with the rail;
Characterized by comprising,
The processing apparatus according to claim 8. The rotation vibration conversion unit converts the vibration of the tool holding unit in a direction parallel to the input shaft (hereinafter referred to as an input shaft parallel direction).
The processing apparatus according to claim 2. The rotation vibration converter
A cam that rotates in conjunction with the input shaft, with the axis of the input shaft or an axis parallel to the axis of the input shaft as a rotation axis;
A follower surface in a follower that is provided on the tool holding unit side and is capable of contacting the cam in a direction parallel to the input shaft;
With
When the cam rotates, the follower surface is pressed, and the tool holding portion vibrates in the direction parallel to the input shaft.
The processing apparatus according to claim 11. The cam
An annular first washer held by the input shaft such that its center axis and the axis of the input shaft are parallel;
At least one spherical member held on the first raceway surface which is one surface of the first raceway;
Have
The follower is
An annular second raceway having a second raceway surface that is held by the tool holder so that its own central axis and the axis of the input shaft are parallel to face each other in the direction parallel to the first raceway surface. The board,
At least one convex portion that is convex in the direction parallel to the input axis from the second raceway surface, and a surface that faces the first raceway surface is the follower surface;
Have
The tool holding portion is configured such that the spherical member rotates together with the first raceway surface about the central axis of the first raceway and repeats contact and separation with the follower surface of the convex portion. Oscillating in the direction parallel to the input axis,
The processing apparatus according to claim 12. The tool holding portion is disposed so as to overlap the main body portion when viewed from the axial direction of the input shaft,
A guide unit for guiding the tool holding unit in a direction parallel to the input axis;
The guide part is
An urging unit that urges the tool holding unit to return along the direction parallel to the input axis to a position before the tool holding unit is displaced;
A guide surface of the main body, which is in contact with the tool holding portion and extends along the input axis parallel direction;
Characterized by comprising,
The processing apparatus in any one of Claims 11-13.
The processing apparatus according to claim. A turret in which the rotation transmission mechanism constitutes at least a part of the housing accommodated therein, and a plurality of the body-side detachable bases having the same standard are formed along the circumferential direction;
A turret rotation section for rotating the turret;
A plurality of processing units that have the unit-side detachable pedestal, are detachably mounted on each of the plurality of body-side detachable pedestals, and process the workpiece with the tool using the power of the rotation transmission mechanism; ,
A clutch portion that transmits rotation between the processing unit disposed at a specific position by the rotation of the turret and the rotation transmission mechanism;
With
A part of the plurality of processing units is the vibration conversion unit,
A part of the plurality of processing units excluding the vibration conversion unit becomes a rotation processing unit that rotates the tool using the rotation of the rotation transmission mechanism to process the workpiece. Features
The processing apparatus in any one of Claims 1-14. The turret is equipped with a plurality of the vibration conversion units,
Some of the plurality of vibration conversion units are adapted to vibrate the tool in the radial direction of the turret,
The remaining portions of the plurality of vibration conversion units are configured to vibrate the tool in the axial direction of the turret,
The processing apparatus according to claim 15. The housing has only one main body side detachable pedestal,
The vibration conversion unit is attached to the body-side detachable pedestal,
The processing apparatus in any one of Claims 1-14. The turret type processing apparatus according to claim 15 or 16,
A unitary processing apparatus according to claim 17,
The main body side detachable pedestal of the turret type processing apparatus and the main body side detachable pedestal of the single type processing apparatus are mutually the same standard,
The common vibration conversion unit can be attached to both the turret type processing apparatus and the unit type processing apparatus,
Processing equipment series.

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