JP3213020B2 - Absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a cooling pipe for flowing a cooling fluid to the absorber in the absorbing liquid absorbent refrigerant vapor is provided, play absorbing solution which has absorbed refrigerant vapor in the absorber
And a heater for heating the absorbent in the regenerator
The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerator provided with .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In such an absorption refrigerator, a start-up operation in which the absorbent is heated by a regenerator and concentrated to a predetermined concentration is performed before starting the normal operation. In the conventional absorption refrigerator, during start-up operation, the same amount of cooling fluid as in normal operation flows through the cooling pipe provided in the absorber at all times during the start-up operation. The absorption liquid heated in the above is heated by the regenerator while being cooled by the absorber, and the absorption liquid is gradually heated to prevent crystallization of the solute in the absorption liquid.

[0003]

However, in the conventional absorption refrigerator described above, the same flow rate of the cooling fluid as in the normal operation flows through the cooling pipe in the absorber during the start-up operation. However, the absorption liquid is gradually heated to prevent crystallization of the solute in the absorption liquid, but on the other hand, the heat loss due to the cooling of the absorption liquid in the absorber increases the heat loss and starts up. There was a problem that time was long. The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and its object is to set up an absorption chiller in a start-up operation.
Another object of the present invention is to reduce the heating loss and to shorten the start-up time while preventing crystallization of the solute in the absorbing solution.

[0004]

A first feature of the absorption refrigerator according to the present invention is to provide a bypass pipe for bypassing the cooling fluid flowing through the cooling pipe, and to provide a bypass pipe for the cooling fluid. the flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of the cooling fluid flowing through the respective pipe and said cooling pipe is provided, the concentration detection for detecting the concentration of the absorbing solution
Means, based on the detected concentration information of the concentration detecting means,
Providing control means for performing a start-up operation of the absorption refrigerator,
Controlling the control means in the start-up operation.
Fluid for the bypass without passing through the cooling pipe
The flow rate adjusting means so as to be in a state of flowing through the pipe.
In the operation state, the concentration of the absorbent reaches the set upper limit.
Operation of heating the heater until the
When the concentration of the liquid reaches the set upper limit, the heater is heated.
It is configured to repeat the operation of stopping the operation for a predetermined time
It is in the point that has been . A second characteristic configuration is the cooling fluid.
For bypassing the flow through the cooling pipe
And a bypass pipe and
A flow of the cooling fluid flowing through each of the cooling pipes;
Providing flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the amount, the concentration of the absorbing solution
Concentration detecting means to be detected, and the detected concentration of the concentration detecting means
Perform startup operation of absorption chiller based on information
Providing control means, and applying the control means to the start-up operation.
In the state where the heater is continuously heated,
Until the concentration of the absorbing solution reaches the set upper limit, the cooling
Fluid for the bypass without passing through the cooling pipe
The flow rate adjusting means so as to be in a state of flowing through the pipe.
The operation to be activated and the concentration of the absorbing solution is equal to the set upper limit value.
The cooling fluid flows through the cooling pipe
For a predetermined period of time without passing through the bypass pipe
Actuating the flow rate adjusting means to maintain the operation.
The point is that it is configured to repeat .

[0005]

According to the first feature configuration, the control means is configured to start up.
In cooling operation, the cooling fluid does not flow through the cooling pipe
Flow rate so that the bypass pipe flows through the
While operating the pressure control means, the concentration
Based on the concentration information detected by the
Operation to heat the heater until the set upper limit is reached
When the concentration of the absorbing solution reaches the set upper limit, the heater
The operation of stopping the heating operation for a predetermined time is repeated. Toes
As the above set upper limit, the solute in the absorbing solution is crystallized.
Set the density just before And start-up operation
Cooling fluid does not flow through the cooling pipe
Flow through the pipe for the
Heat the heater until it reaches the limit, and
An operation of concentrating the absorbing solution while reducing the heat radiation of the collected liquid,
By this operation, the concentration of the absorbent reaches the set upper limit.
When the solute in the absorbing solution is about to crystallize,
Before starting heating, stop the heating operation of
To cool the water, and to concentrate those absorbing liquids.
The operation and the operation of cooling the absorbent are alternately repeated.
More, the heating capacity of the heater is maximized and the absorber
Of the solute in the absorbing solution
Prevent crystallization and concentrate the absorbing solution to the specified concentration.
It becomes possible. According to the second feature configuration, the control means
Indicates that the heater is continuously operated during startup.
In a state where the concentration of the absorbing solution is detected.
Based on the detected concentration information, the concentration of the absorbing solution
Cooling fluid does not flow through the cooling pipe until
Adjust the flow rate so that the flow through the Ipass pipe
Operation of the step and the concentration of the absorbing solution are set to the set upper limit value.
The cooling fluid flows through the cooling pipe and
Maintain a state in which the pipe for the path does not flow for a predetermined time.
And the operation of activating the flow rate adjusting means is repeated. Toes
As the above set upper limit, the solute in the absorbing solution is crystallized.
Set the density just before And start-up operation
If the heater is continuously heated,
Cooling fluid until the concentration of
In a state where the bypass pipe flows without flowing through the pipe
Activate the flow control means so that the absorption liquid in the absorber
The operation of concentrating the absorbing solution while reducing the heat radiation of the
By operation, the concentration of the absorbent reaches the set upper limit.
When the solute in the absorbing solution is about to crystallize,
Cooling fluid flows through the cooling pipe before bypassing
Flow rate so that the pipe does not flow through is maintained for a predetermined time
Activating the adjusting means to cool the absorbing liquid.
To concentrate the absorbing solution and to cool the absorbing solution.
By repeating the operation alternately, the heating capacity of the heater can be increased.
Maximize the performance and reduce the heat radiation of the absorbing liquid in the absorber
While preventing solute crystallization in the absorbing solution,
It becomes possible to concentrate to a predetermined concentration.

[0006]

According to the first characteristic configuration, the heating capacity of the heater is maximized in the startup operation of the absorption refrigerator.
While absorbing and reducing the heat radiation of the absorbing liquid in the absorber.
Prevent crystallization of solutes in the collected liquid and adjust the absorption liquid to a specified concentration.
It is possible to concentrate up to
Reduces heating loss while preventing solute crystallization
To reduce startup time.
Was. Moreover, instead of changing the heating amount of the heater,
Simple control that only starts and stops the heating operation of the heater
As a result, the start-up time can be reduced. According to the second feature configuration, in the startup operation of the absorption refrigerator,
Maximize the heating capacity of the heater and absorb with the absorber
Crystallization of solutes in the absorbing solution while reducing heat radiation of the collected solution
Can be concentrated and the absorbing solution can be concentrated to the specified concentration.
To prevent crystallization of solutes in the absorbing solution.
In addition, the startup time is reduced by reducing the heating loss.
You can now. Moreover, cooling pipes and
Flow rate of cooling fluid flowing through each of the bypass pipes
Rather than adjusting the cooling pipes and bypass
Whether or not to allow cooling fluid to flow through each type
Start-up time is as simple as switching
Can be shortened.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment in which the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a double effect absorption refrigerator will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, a schematic configuration of the double effect absorption refrigerator will be described. This absorption refrigerator mainly includes an evaporator 1 for evaporating water as a refrigerant, an absorber 2 for absorbing refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator 1 into an absorption liquid in which lithium bromide or the like is dissolved, and a refrigerant. The high-temperature regenerator 3 and the low-temperature regenerator 4 that regenerate the absorbent by heating the absorbent that has absorbed the water and separating the refrigerant as vapor, and the refrigerant vapor separated by the high-temperature regenerator 3 and the low-temperature regenerator 4 A condenser 5 for condensing, an absorbent pump 6 for transporting an absorbent, a refrigerant pump 7 for transporting a refrigerant, a high-temperature heat exchanger 8, a low-temperature heat exchanger 9, and the like are provided.

In addition, the evaporator 1 and the absorber 2 are disposed in the container Y in a state of being communicated with each other, and the evaporator 1 in the container Y
A low-temperature regenerator 4 and a condenser 5 are integrally formed in communication with each other, and the low-temperature regenerator 4 and the condenser 5 integrally formed are evaporated. The container 1 and the absorber 2 are arranged above a container Y in which the container 1 and the absorber 2 are arranged.
The high-temperature regenerator 3 is provided with a heater 10 for heating the absorbent, and passes through the low-temperature regenerator 4 through a refrigerant vapor supply path 11 that supplies the refrigerant vapor generated by the high-temperature regenerator 3 to the condenser 5. The absorption liquid in the low-temperature regenerator 4 is heated by the refrigerant vapor flowing through the refrigerant vapor supply path 11. A cooling pipe 12 for passing a cooling fluid for cooling the absorbing liquid in the absorber 2 is provided so as to pass through the absorber 2, and a cooling fluid for cooling and condensing the refrigerant vapor in the condenser 5. The cooling pipes 13 flowing through the condenser 5 are provided so as to pass through the inside of the condenser 5, and the cooling pipes 12 are arranged so that the cooling fluid flows from the absorber 2 toward the condenser 5.
And 13 are connected.

In the absorption refrigerator configured as described above, the absorption liquid is supplied to the high temperature regenerator 3, the high temperature heat exchanger 8, the low temperature regenerator 4, the low temperature heat exchanger 9, the absorber 2, the absorption liquid pump 6, the low temperature heat The circulation cycle circulating through the exchanger 9 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 8 is circulated. That is, the high temperature regenerator 3 and the low temperature regenerator 4
The absorbent regenerated by separating the refrigerant in the
And in the absorber 2, the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator 1 is absorbed by the absorbing liquid, and the absorbing liquid absorbing the refrigerant is absorbed by the absorbing liquid pump 6 into the high-temperature regenerator 3 and the low-temperature regenerator 4.
And the high temperature regenerator 3 and the low temperature regenerator 4 regenerate the absorbent.

On the other hand, the refrigerant vapor separated in the high-temperature regenerator 3 and the low-temperature regenerator 4 is condensed in the condenser 5, and the condensed refrigerant is allowed to flow naturally and stored in the refrigerant reservoir 1a. The accumulated refrigerant is supplied from the upper part of the evaporator 1 by the refrigerant pump 7, and the refrigerant is evaporated under a predetermined low pressure in the evaporator 1, and is disposed in the evaporator 1 by the latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant. The water flowing through a certain cold water pipe 14 is cooled, and the cooling water is sent to a predetermined location to perform cooling or the like.

In the figure, 15 is a bypass pipe for bypassing the flow of the cooling fluid through the cooling pipe 12 in the absorber 2, 16 is an electromagnetic valve interposed in the cooling pipe 12,
Numeral 17 denotes an electromagnetic valve interposed in the bypass pipe 15. The electromagnetic valves 16 and 17 are reciprocally shut off, so that the cooling fluid flows through the cooling pipe 12 and does not flow through the bypass pipe 15. The state where the cooling fluid flows through the bypass pipe 15 without flowing through the cooling pipe 12, that is, the state where the cooling fluid flows through the absorber 2 and the condenser 5 and the state where the cooling fluid does not flow through the absorber 2. Can be reciprocally switched to a state in which only the inside of the condenser 5 flows.

In the figure, reference numeral 18 designates a first for detecting the temperature of the absorbing solution.
A temperature sensor 19 is a second temperature sensor for detecting the condensing temperature of the refrigerant in the condenser 5, and 20 is absorbed by a built-in arithmetic expression based on the detected temperature information of each of the first temperature sensor 18 and the second temperature sensor 19. The first temperature sensor 18, the second temperature sensor 19, and the computing unit 20 constitute a concentration detecting device D for the absorbent. Reference numeral 21 denotes a third temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the cooling fluid flowing through the cooling pipe 12 or the bypass pipe 15. A control device 22 controls the electromagnetic valves 16 and 17 and the heater 10 based on the detected concentration information of the concentration detecting device D and the detected temperature information of the third temperature sensor 21 so that the concentration of the absorbing solution becomes a predetermined concentration. It is.

Next, the start-up operation of the absorption refrigerator will be described. At the start of the start-up operation, the absorbent is supplied to the high-temperature regenerator 3, the high-temperature heat exchanger 8, the low-temperature regenerator 4, the low-temperature heat exchanger 9, the absorber 2, the absorbent pump 7, the low-temperature heat exchanger 9, While circulating the circulation cycle circulating through the heat exchanger 8, the control device 22 controls as follows. That is, a state where the cooling fluid flows through the bypass pipe 15 without flowing through the cooling pipe 12 by operating the electromagnetic valves 16 and 17, that is, the cooling fluid condenses without flowing through the absorber 2. The state is switched to a state in which only the inside of the vessel 5 flows. Then, the heater 10 is operated to heat the absorbing solution until the concentration detected by the concentration detecting device D reaches a set upper limit before the lithium bromide in the absorbing solution is crystallized. When the concentration reaches the set upper limit, the heater 10 is stopped for a predetermined time and the operation of cooling the absorbing liquid for a predetermined time is repeated. The process is continued until the predetermined density set based on the temperature information detected by the third temperature sensor 21 is maintained. When the concentration detected by the concentration detecting device D reaches the predetermined concentration, the start-up operation is terminated, and the electromagnetic valves 16 and 17 are stopped.
Is operated so that the cooling fluid flows through the cooling pipe 12 and does not flow through the bypass pipe 15, that is, switches to a state where the cooling fluid flows through the absorber 2 and the condenser 5. Start driving.

[Alternative Embodiment] In the above embodiment, the electromagnetic valves 16 and 17 are operated.
The cooling fluid does not flow through the absorber 2 and
Switch to the state where only the air flows
Activate / deactivate heater 10 based on D concentration information
However, instead of this, the heater 10 is
Detecting the concentration detection device D while operating continuously at a predetermined capacity
Activate the electromagnetic valves 16 and 17 based on the concentration information.
That is, the detected concentration of the concentration detecting device D is absorbed.
Up to the upper limit set before lithium bromide in the collected liquid crystallizes.
Activate solenoid valves 16 and 17 until
The cooling fluid does not flow through the absorber 2 but only in the condenser 5
Operation to maintain the state of flow through
When the output concentration reaches the set upper limit, the electromagnetic valves 16 and 1
7 to activate the cooling fluid in the absorber 2 and the condenser 5
Operation to maintain the flow through state for a predetermined time
When the detected concentration of the concentration detection device D determines the heater 10
The temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 21 in the state of being stopped for a time
The specified density set based on the information is maintained.
The control device 22 may be configured to continue until the
No.

In the above embodiment, the double effect absorption refrigerator is used.
Although the case where the present invention is applied is illustrated, the single-effect absorption refrigeration
It is also possible to apply to machines.

[0017]

[0018]

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a double-effect absorption refrigerator.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 Absorber 3 , 4 Regenerator 10 Heater 12 Cooling pipe 15 Bypass pipe 16, 17 Flow rate adjusting means 22 Control means D Concentration detecting means

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-62-106268 (JP, A) JP-A-58-195564 (JP, A) JP-A-2-40459 (JP, A) JP-A-59-19559 122871 (JP, A) Jiko 61-18366 (JP, Y2) Jiko 56-53240 (JP, Y2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F25B 15/00 306

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] A cooling pipe (12) for flowing a cooling fluid into an absorber (2) for absorbing a refrigerant vapor into an absorbing liquid.
The provided play absorbing solution which has absorbed refrigerant vapor in the absorber (2)
Regenerators (3) and (4), and the regenerators (3) and (4)
(4) An absorption refrigerator provided with a heater (10) for heating the absorption liquid , wherein a bypass pipe (15) for bypassing the cooling fluid flowing through the cooling pipe (12). ) provided with a, the bypass pipe (15) and said flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of the cooling fluid flowing through the respective cooling pipe (12) (17), provided (16), wherein A concentration detecting means (D) for detecting the concentration of the absorbing solution;
Based on the detected concentration information of the concentration detecting means (D)
A control means (22) for executing the start-up operation of the refrigerator is provided.
In the start-up operation , the control means (22)
The cooling fluid does not flow through the cooling pipe (12)
Is in a state of flowing through the bypass pipe (15).
The flow control means (17) and (16) are operated
Until the concentration of the absorbing solution reaches the set upper limit.
An operation of heating the heater (10),
When the liquid concentration reaches the set upper limit, the heater (1
Repeat the operation of 0) to stop the heating operation for a predetermined time.
Absorption refrigerator configured as follows . 2. An absorber for absorbing refrigerant vapor into an absorbing liquid.
(2) A cooling pipe (12) through which a cooling fluid flows.
To regenerate the absorbing liquid that has absorbed the refrigerant vapor in the absorber (2)
Regenerators (3) and (4), and the regenerators (3) and (4)
(4) A suction device provided with a heater (10) for heating the absorbing solution in
A collection refrigerator, wherein the cooling fluid flows through the cooling pipe (12).
If a bypass pipe (15) is provided to bypass the
The bypass pipe (15) and the cooling pipe
And the flow rate of the cooling fluid flowing through each of
A flow rate adjusting means (17), (16) for adjusting the concentration is provided, and a concentration detecting means (D) for detecting the concentration of the absorbing solution;
Based on the detected concentration information of the concentration detecting means (D)
A control means (22) for executing the start-up operation of the refrigerator is provided.
In the start-up operation , the control means (22)
In a state where the heater (10) is continuously operated for heating,
Until the concentration of the absorbing solution reaches the set upper limit, the cooling
The cooling fluid does not flow through the cooling pipe (12),
Before passing through the pipe for ipas (15)
Operation for operating the flow rate adjusting means (17), (16)
When the concentration of the absorbing solution reaches the set upper limit,
The cooling fluid flows through the cooling pipe (12) before
The state where the pipe for bypass (15) does not flow is specified
The flow rate adjusting means (17), (16) to maintain
An absorption refrigerator configured to repeat the operation of actuating .