JP3195721B2 - Root cropper - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a root vegetable harvesting machine mainly configured to excavate root vegetables such as carrots and radishes to perform leaf cutting.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this kind of root vegetable harvesting machine, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-169622,
By pinching the foliage of root vegetables such as carrots and radishes planted in the field, and pulling it up diagonally at the rear of the machine, the root vegetables are dug from the ground and suspended and transported by a belt transport mechanism consisting of a pair of left and right belts. There is also known a root vegetable harvesting machine which cuts a foliage portion after the positioning and transportation of the root vegetable body so that the head of the root vegetable body contacts the left and right chain transport mechanisms.

[0003]

In the above root cropper,
In order to facilitate the extraction of the root vegetables, a cutting blade is provided for making a cut in the soil on both sides of the root vegetables prior to the extraction. Thereby, the resistance of the soil at the time of pulling out is reduced, and the root vegetables can be pulled out without cutting the foliage, and the roots extending to the side can be removed to some extent by the cutting blades at the time of digging. By the way, like a carrot, the bottom of the root vegetable body suddenly becomes extremely thin and becomes a complete root (called a whisker root). If the whisker root is long or large, the foliage is cut off and harvested. Later, a post-treatment for cutting and removing the beard root was necessary, and the beard root cutting operation was rather troublesome. The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and provides a root vegetable harvesting machine that can satisfactorily cut a root vegetable beard root that is pulled out of a field and conveyed in a state of being suspended upward and rearward from its root portion. Aim.

[0004]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a root vegetable harvesting machine according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the root vegetable is pulled out from a field with its foliage sandwiched, and the extracted root vegetable is harvested. A harvesting transporting device for transporting rearward and upward in a hanging posture with the foliage pinched, and acting on root vegetables suspended and transported by the harvesting transporting device, extending downward from the root vegetable end. provided a cutting mechanism for cutting off a fibrous root, suddenly a pair facing arranged in the form Subomari down in front view of the position regulating right and left the place made extremely thin guide body of the tip portion of the suspension conveyed by root A cutting blade arranged along the root vegetable transport direction of the harvesting transport device and cutting the beard root projecting downward between lower end edges of the pair of guide bodies along a lower end of the guide body. Cutting and moving Constitute the cutting mechanism as, and the characteristic configuration in that the lower edge of the guide body is provided with the guide member so as to be positioned in clamping position nearer the root vegetables in the harvesting conveyor device as backward . The root vegetable harvesting machine according to a second aspect of the present invention is the root vegetable harvesting machine according to the first aspect, further comprising a cutting blade moving operating mechanism for cutting and moving the cutting blade in a direction substantially the same as the root vegetable transport direction. There is a characteristic configuration. A root vegetable harvesting machine according to a third aspect of the present invention is the root vegetable harvesting machine according to the configuration of the second aspect, wherein the cutting blade is moved in a direction substantially the same as a moving direction from the upper hand to the lower hand in the transport direction of the root vegetables. The cutting blade moving operation mechanism is configured to perform the cutting operation, and the moving speed for cutting the cutting blade is set to be higher than the hanging conveyance speed of the root vegetables of the harvesting conveyance device. And A root vegetable harvesting machine according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the root vegetable harvesting machine according to the second aspect, wherein the cutting blade is moved in a direction substantially opposite to a moving direction from the upper hand to the lower hand in the transport direction of the root vegetables. And a cutting blade moving operation mechanism is configured to perform the cutting operation. The operation and effect of this characteristic configuration are as follows.

[0005]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a pair of left and right guide bodies, which are opposed to each other in a downwardly tapered shape in front view, for restricting the position of the suspended and conveyed root vegetables in the left and right directions, are provided by a harvesting transfer device. And a cutting blade for cutting a beard root projecting downward from between the lower edges of a pair of guide bodies so as to perform a cutting operation along a lower end of the guide. Therefore, it is possible to cut the beard root at the root of the beard root by the cutting blade over a certain wide range along the root vegetable transport direction of the harvesting transport device provided with the guide. And since the guide body is provided so that the lower end edge of the guide body is located closer to the holding position of the root vegetables in the harvesting transport device as it is rearward, the position where cutting is most preferably performed,
In other words, even if the root position of the beard root at the lower end of the root vegetable in a posture suspended by the harvesting transport device is different depending on each transport root vegetable, the root position of the beard root of the suspended root vegetable in the middle of being transported. Can be easily cut in a state where it can be cut properly. Also, if the root vegetables whose beard roots are appropriately cut from the root position at an early stage of transportation are further transported backward, the distance between the hanging position and the lower end position of the guide body is small for the root vegetables, so that the root vegetables are The lower end is inclined so that it rises slightly from the lower end of the guide body, so that the root part where the beard root has been cut retreats from the cut part, and it is also avoided that the lower end part of the root vegetable is cut further Is done. According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the operation of the first aspect, the range in which the cutting blade can be cut is set so as to cover almost the entire range in the front-rear direction in which the guide body is installed. The conditions such as the length of root vegetables that can be cut well in the beard root become considerably wide, and the versatility of cutting the beard root is enhanced. According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the cutting direction is set to be substantially the same as the conveying direction in the hanging state of the root vegetables and the cutting speed is set to be higher than the conveying speed, the lower edge of the guide body is cut. Is gradually shifted toward the hanging position of the root vegetables, so that the rear portion of the root vegetables is somewhat regulated by the guide body at the time of cutting, so that the roots can be cut in a state where the root vegetables are difficult to escape. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the cutting speed of root vegetables to beard roots is equal to the sum of the transport speed of root vegetables and the moving speed of the cutting blade, the moving speed of the cutting blade is set to a relatively low speed. Also, a good cutting speed can be obtained.

[0006]

Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the size (mainly, the length) of the suspended and conveyed root vegetables and the suspended and conveyed posture are variously different, and the root position of the beard root is changed. Even if different, the whiskers can be reliably cut off at the roots within the range guided by the guide body, so that the occurrence of such a problem that the whiskers are cut off and remain on the way is suppressed, and post-processing becomes easier, Work efficiency can be improved because it is not necessary to cut the beard root in a separate process from harvesting. Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the range such as the length of root vegetables that can cut the beard root from the root portion can be further expanded. According to claim 3 of the present invention,
Since the guide member is also used as a holding member for receiving the cutting force of the root vegetables in the front-back direction at the time of cutting, it is possible to cut the beard roots well. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the moving speed of the cutting blade for cutting the whiskers can be set to a low speed,
The driving structure of the cutting blade can also be made small and simple, and the cost can be reduced.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 3 and 4 show a carrot harvester as an example of a root vegetable harvester. This carrot harvester is configured by disposing a harvesting unit 1 and a collecting unit 2 on a traveling machine body 4 via a first support frame 3. This carrot harvester is a pair of left and right driven and rotatable, which is used for digging by holding the foliage of the carrot planted in the field and pulling it diagonally upward to the rear of the machine, and suspending and transferring. A harvesting conveyance device 6 including a nipping conveyance belt 5 and the like is provided on the left side of the traveling machine body 4 having the crawler traveling device 7. In front of the start end of the nipping and conveying belt 5, a pair of left and right sides having a rear rising inclined edge 8a that can enter between the ground and the carrot foliage and raise the carrot foliage as the aircraft advances. A weeding tool 8 and a pair of left and right soil cutting tools 9 for cutting the soil on both sides of the carrot as the fuselage advances as it enters the soil are provided.

The weeding tool 8 is attached to the distal end of the first support frame 3 via the second support frame 10, and a scooping rod for scooping out foreign substances such as weeds is attached to the leading end of the weeding tool 8. 11 are provided so as to extend along the inclined edge 8a. Further, a raising device 1 is provided on the left and right of the front end of the harvesting unit 1.
Two are equipped.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the harvesting conveyance device 6, a guide roller 6b is supported on a holder 6e slidably mounted on the frame 6c in a state of being urged by a spring 6d. By opposing the guide rollers 6b, the left and right nipping and conveying belts 5 are configured to be pressed and urged in the approaching direction. The pressing urging force is configured to be strong at the transport start end side where the carrot is pulled out from the ground and weakly at the transport end side to clamp the foliage.

As shown in FIG. 3 to FIG.
Is provided at the rear of the harvesting transport device 6, and the leaf cutting device 1
3 is a positioning alignment transport mechanism 13a and a cutting transport mechanism 13b.
And the steadying transport mechanism 13c and the rotary cutter 13d, 1
3d. Alignment transport mechanism 13a
Is configured to be drivable so as to act on the upper end of the carrot suspended by the harvesting transport device 6, and the cutting transport mechanism 13b holds the foliage from the alignment transport mechanism 13a above a fixed position above the nipping position. It is composed of a pair of left and right drivable holding and conveying belts that receive in a holding state at a position.
The steady rest transport device 13c is composed of a pair of left and right drivable sandwich transport belts acting on carrots suspended by the cutting transport mechanism 13b.
3d and 13d are rotatable so as to cut the carrots, the posture of which is kept constant by the steadying transfer mechanism 13c, at the roots of the foliage with the cut edges aligned.

[0011] As shown in FIG.
3c, a thick cushion body 13 is provided on the front side of the nipping and conveying belt.
A ca is attached so that even if the thickness of the carrot is largely changed, it can be handled. In addition, the left and right rotary cutters 13d, 13d are overlapped with each other in a state where they are driven and rotated in opposite directions up and down so that cutting can be reliably performed.

[0012] As shown in FIG.
a is a holder 13ab attached to the left and right rotating chains 13aa wound around the front and rear sprockets 13s and 13u, a support bracket 13ae that can move back and forth with respect to the holder 13ab, and this support bracket 1
It is configured to be supported by a winding spring 13ad for projecting and urging the 3ae and a support bracket 13ae so as to be rotatable around the support axis X. Therefore, the rotation of the roller 13ac about the support axis X allows the foliage to move up in the longitudinal direction, and the top of the carrot body comes into contact with the roller 13ac as the harvesting conveying device 6 lifts the foliage. It is configured to rise until it hits.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, four short rollers 13ac are supported on one support bracket 13ae, and a scraper acts on the outer periphery of the rollers 13ac by the operation of the alignment conveyance mechanism 13a. The dropping member 14 is provided at the start end position of the return path portion of the rotating chain 13aa. The dropping member 14 is made of an elastic material such as hard rubber or urethane.
The roller 1 is bolted to a support member 16 fixed to the support frame 15 of the
The upper part of the soil dropping member 14 is formed in a shape of a circular arc cut along the outer diameter of the roller 13ac so that the scraper action is provided in a range extending from below the 3ac to laterally outward. That is, both the roller outer peripheral portion Rs located at the foliage of the carrot guided and guided by the alignment mechanism 13 with respect to the rotating chain 13aa and the roller outer peripheral portion Rh located at the top of the carrot body 1
4 so that the scraper action is imparted to the soil removal member 1
4 are set.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the leaf cutting device 1
A collecting unit 2 for collecting the carrots from the carrot 3 is provided behind the harvesting transporting device 6 and below the leaf cutting device 13. The collection unit 2 removes carrots having a diameter smaller than a predetermined value from the container 2 below.
a, a sorting conveyor 2c for supplying a carrot having a diameter larger than a predetermined value to a rear container 2b, and a chute 2d for guiding a carrot falling from the leaf cutting device 13 to the sorting conveyor 2c. . Collection unit 2
A container table 17 that can be stored in an upright posture along the lateral end of the machine by folding and swinging around the longitudinal axis Y
And an empty container 2 b is mounted on the container table 17. Empty container 2b and rear container 2b
Are of the same kind, and when the carrots are fully loaded, the container 2b full of the carrots is transferred to a container accommodating section 18 described later, and the empty container 2b of the container table 17 is supplied.

As shown in FIG. 4, a foliage transporting device 19 including a drivable transport chain 19a for releasing the cut foliage from the leaf cutting device 13 to the outside of the machine and a clamping rail 19b is used. , The cut foliage is arranged to be transported diagonally across the front of the fuselage on the other side of the fuselage opposite to the transporting device 6 for harvesting, and the collection unit 2
Boarding operation unit 20 at the end of the fuselage side forklift
And a driving unit 21, and a container storage unit 18 is provided between the collection unit 2 and the boarding operation unit 20 behind the foliage transport device 19.

The sorting conveyor 2 in the harvesting unit 1 and the collecting unit 2 is configured to be able to swing up and down around a fulcrum P on the first support frame 3 by a lifting hydraulic cylinder 22 integrally with the frame. The rear end of the sorting conveyor 2c and the container 2b slightly move back and forth, but since the relative position between the harvesting unit 1 and the sorting conveyor 2c does not change, the harvesting operation can be performed satisfactorily as a whole.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the carrots suspended and conveyed by the harvesting conveyance device 6 act on the carrots.
Beard root 23a extending further down from the extremely thin point at the tip of main part 23 of the tapered carrot.
Is provided from the vicinity of the base.
The cutting mechanism 24 includes a pair of left and right guide bodies 25 long in the front-rear direction, which are opposed to each other in a downwardly tapered shape in front view for regulating the position of the main body 23 of the carrot conveyed in the horizontal direction.
25, and lower end edges 25a, 25a of the guide bodies 25, 25
And a cutting blade 26 # driven to cut the whiskers 23a projecting below the gap L between the cutting blades 26 #. More specifically, the guide members 25, 25 are respectively supported by the support brackets 2 attached to the first support frame 20.
7 and its lower edges 25a, 25
a is formed so as to form a straight line in a side view. Further, the lower edges 25a, 25a and the guides 25, 25
Is set so that the rearward inclination of the nipping and conveying belts 5, 5 is slightly higher than that of the nipping and conveying belts 5, 5 so that the rear of the nipping and conveying belts 5, 5 is close to the nipping position. Then, lower end edges 25a, 2 of the guide bodies 25, 25
A gap L having substantially the same width in the front-rear direction is provided between the car bodies 5a, and the carrot body 2 guided by the guide bodies 25, 25 is provided.
3 so that the beard root 23a extending from below can be protruded below the gap L.

On the other hand, the cutting blade 26 # is formed of a plate-shaped one-blade member, and the lower edges 25a, 25a of the guides 25, 25 are formed.
Between the front end and the rear end of the lower edges 25a, 25a so as to be able to move along the cutting action path that moves rearward along the path and the return path that moves forward and bypasses downward from the cutting action path. The pair of left and right endless rotating chains 30, 30 wound around a pair of left and right driven sprockets 28, 28 and driving sprockets 29, 29 respectively are provided at predetermined intervals. The driven sprockets 28, 28 and the driving sprockets 29, 29 are also supported by the support bracket 27, and the driving sprockets 29, 29 receive power from the sorting conveyor 2c. Further, the moving speed of the cutting blade 26 # for cutting is set to be several times higher than the conveying speed of the carrot suspended and conveyed. Here, sorting conveyor 2c
A transmission mechanism for interlocking the driving sprocket 29 with the driven sprocket 28, the driven sprocket 28, the driving sprocket 29, and the endless rotating chain 30 constitute a cutting blade moving operation mechanism A.

According to the above configuration, the carrots that are extracted from the field by the harvesting transport device 6 and transported in a state of being suspended upward and rearward are transported to the leaf cutting device 13 at a position immediately below the harvest transporting device 6. Is conveyed rearward and upward while the left and right positions are regulated by a pair of left and right guide bodies 25 of the cutting mechanism 24 arranged at the same time, and the width of the carrot body 23 is adjusted so that the lower end does not protrude downward. Lower edges 25a, 25a of set guide bodies 25, 25
The whiskers 23a project downward from the gap L between them. The beard root 23a is cut at the lower edge 25a by the cutting blade 26 moving rearward in a state of being close to and slidingly contacting the lower edge 25a. Although the root of the beard 23a at the lower end of the main body 23 of the carrot does not reach the guide body 25, the cut of the beard 23a is made, but the carrot becomes the root of the beard 23a. The lower end of the main body 23 is the guide 2
5 and 25, the vertical length between the hanging support position of the harvesting transporting device 6 and the lower end of the carrot body 23 is the guide body 25, 25 lower edge portions 25a, 25a and harvesting transport device 6
Because it is larger than the vertical spacing with the hanging support position of
The body portion 23 of the carrot is slightly inclined backward and its lower end is slightly raised from the lower edge portion 25a of the guide body 25, 25, and retreats from the cutting position for the carrot by the cutting blade 26. , And are transported backward without any further cutting.

The carrot having a standard length when suspended and conveyed is set so that the root of the whiskers is cut near the center of the guide bodies 25 in the front-rear direction. . The carrots longer than the standard length are cut at the roots at the front side of the guide bodies 25, 25, and the carrots shorter than the standard length are rearward of the guide bodies 25, 25. On the side the beard is cut at the root.

Another Embodiment The same structure as in the above embodiment is adopted. The cutting blade 26 has a pair of left and right endless rotating chains 30, 3 with the blade facing forward.
A plurality of bridges are installed at predetermined intervals at zero. The endless rotating chains 30, 30 are turned in a direction opposite to the direction in which the carrots (an example of root vegetables) of the harvesting transport device 6 are transported in a suspended state, so that the cutting blade 26 moves forward in a cutting direction. Dynamically driven. In this configuration, since the cutting blade is moved in the opposite direction to the carrot conveyed backward, the driving speed of the endless rotating chains 30, 30 may be relatively low. As shown in FIG. 9, the above embodiment and the guide members 25, 25
Has the same structure, but the cutting blade 32 installed below the guides 25, 25 is driven to rotate about an axis Q in the same direction as the direction along the lower edges 25a, 25a of the guides 25, 25. And is integrally connected to the rotating shaft 33.
The rotation of the rotating shaft 33 is also performed by the power transmitted from the sorting conveyor 2c as in the above-described embodiment.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a cutting mechanism.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing a cutting mechanism.

FIG. 3 is an overall side view showing a root vegetable harvester.

FIG. 4 is an overall plan view showing a root vegetable harvester.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional front view showing a harvesting transport device and a leaf cutting device.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional front view showing a foliage transporting device and a leaf cutting device.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a part of the leaf cutting device and a dropping member.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the leaf cutting device and a dropping member.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a cutting mechanism for cutting a beard root of another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 6 Harvesting transport device 23a Beard root 24 Cutting mechanism 25 Guide body 26 Cutting blade A Cutting blade moving operation mechanism

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A harvesting transfer device (6) for holding roots and leaves of a root vegetable and pulling it out of a field, and for transporting the extracted root vegetables upward and rearward in a suspended position with the leaves and leaves held therebetween. A cutting mechanism (24) that is provided and acts on root vegetables suspended and conveyed by the harvesting conveyance device (6) to cut off the beard root (23a) extending downward from the root vegetable end.
The provided, said suspension suddenly very narrowing the place facing arranged in the form Subomari down in front view of the position regulating left and right pair of guide members of the front end portion of the conveyed the root (25)
, Said while disposing it along a root conveying direction of the harvesting feeder (6), cutting the fibrous root (23a) projecting downward from between the lower edge of said pair of guide members (25) cut So that the blade (26) cuts and moves along the lower end of the guide body (25).
The harvesting transport device (6), wherein the lower end edge of the guide body (25) is more rearward.
The root vegetable harvester provided with the guide body (25) so as to be located near the holding position of the root vegetable in the above. 2. The root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, further comprising a cutting blade moving operation mechanism (A) for cutting and moving the cutting blade (26) in a direction substantially the same as the transport direction of the root vegetable. 3. An operating mechanism (A) for moving the cutting blade (26) so that the cutting blade (26) is operated to cut in a direction substantially the same as the moving direction from the upper hand to the lower hand in the transport direction of the root vegetable. The root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 2, wherein the cutting blade (26) is configured to have a moving speed for cutting the cutting blade (26) higher than a hanging transport speed of the root vegetable of the harvesting transport device (6). 4. A cutting blade moving operating mechanism (A) for operating the cutting blade (26) in a direction substantially opposite to the moving direction from the upper hand to the lower hand in the transport direction of the root vegetable (A). The root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 2, comprising: