JP3189031U - Impact relaxation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an impact mitigation device capable of directly or indirectly distributing an impact force to a main frame of a vehicle body and enhancing an impact mitigation effect in a wide range. SOLUTION: Two fixed contact portions 2 connected to two main frames 72 at the bottom of a vehicle body 7, and two fixed contact portions 2 are pivotally contacted with each other and a front shaft 74, and a corresponding amount of cushioning blocks 17 are brought into contact with each other. A bumper 1 having at least one support column 16 connected to the bumper 1 and a latch mechanism 3 in which a hook member 31 installed on the bumper 1 and a positioning member 32 coupled to the tip of the front 71 are latched with each other are provided. [Selection diagram] Fig. 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle member, and more particularly, to an impact mitigation device that is mounted at the front end of a vehicle body and mitigates impact force.

  Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. An impact mitigation device 9 relating to a patent proposal of Taiwan publication number 297348 “lifting front bumper structure” is disclosed. The conventional impact mitigation device 9 includes a bumper 91 and a symmetrical fixed plate 92. The bumper 91 has several shaft holes 911 and several fixing pin holes 912. The fixed plate 92 is installed in front of the front 81 of the flat-type freight car 8 and is connected to the main frame 82 of the flat-type freight car 8. The shaft holes 911 and the fixing pins of the bumper 91 are connected to the two fixed plates 92. Several pivot holes 921 and through holes 922 corresponding to the holes 912 are provided. The shaft hole 911 of the bumper 91 and the pivot hole 912 of the fixing plate 92 are pivoted by a pivot bolt 93, and the bumper 91 can pivot by the pivot bolt 93. The fixing pin hole 912 of the bumper 91 and the through hole 922 of the fixing plate 92 can also be positioned using the fixing pin 94.

  The conventional impact mitigation device 9 is mounted in front of the front 81 of the flat carriage 8 and when the front 81 of the flat carriage 8 pivots in advance according to the angle, the user can By removing the pin 94 and pivoting the bumper 91 forward, the bumper 91 is not obstructed when the front 81 of the flat-car freight car 8 pivots forward.

  However, the conventional impact mitigation device 9 is merely connected to the main frame 82 of the flat-type freight car 8 via the two fixed plates 92, and the impact mitigation device 9 moves to the lower half of the impact mitigation device 9 in the event of a frontal impact. Only the working force is absorbed. That is, when an impact force in an oblique direction or in the upper half acts on the bumper 91, the impact force is not effectively transmitted to the main frame 82 having the highest structural strength of the flat bed type freight car 8, thereby the impact mitigation device. The impact mitigating effect provided from 9 is limited. Furthermore, since the bumper 91 is easily deformed and damaged, and the passenger of the flat bed type freight car 8 is damaged, it can be said that the safety protection effect is poor.

  It should be noted that the bumper 91 and the fixed plate 92 are pivoted (the pivot bolt 93, the shaft hole 911 and the pivot hole 921 are coupled) and the fixed part (the coupling of the fixed pin 94, the fixed pin hole 912 and the through hole 922). Since no impact mitigation structure is installed at the location), when the impact mitigation device 9 receives a huge impact force, the pivoting location and the securing location of the bumper 91 and the fixing plate 92 are likely to break down. Problems such as inability to pivot and inability to remove the fixing pin 94 occur. Further, when the bumper 91 pivots forward, it is necessary to remove the fixing pin 94 first, so that the convenience in use is low.

  Therefore, the present invention aims to provide an impact mitigation device that improves the problems of the prior art.

  The present invention is an impact mitigation device provided to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and directly or indirectly transmits the impact force to the main frame of the vehicle body to reduce the influence of the vehicle body due to the impact force. , Strengthen security functions.

  The second object of the present invention is to provide an impact mitigation device in which several shock absorbers are installed between a bumper, a fixed part, and a vehicle body to enhance the impact mitigation effect over a wide range.

  The third object of the present invention is to provide an impact mitigation device that improves the ease of use in which the bumper pivots together with the pivot of the front.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following technical contents.

  The impact mitigation device according to the present invention is attached to the front end of the vehicle body. The vehicle body has two main frames extending to the bottom of the front and a front shaft connected to the two main frames. The impact mitigation device has two fixed contact portions connected to the two main frames, and a bumper. The bumper includes at least one support column that is pivotally connected to the two fixed portions and connected to a corresponding number of buffer blocks that are in contact with the front shaft. The impact mitigation device includes a latch mechanism. The latch mechanism includes a hook member and a positioning member that are latched with each other. The hook member is provided on the bumper, and the positioning member is coupled to the front end of the front.

  The vehicle body has two shock absorbing portions, the shock absorbing portions are connected to corresponding main frames by two fixing tools, and the fixed contact portions are connected to the vehicle fixing tools by providing auxiliary struts, respectively. It is characterized by being.

  The bumper includes a shaft rod, a main rod, and at least one connecting rod. The shaft rod is fixedly connected to the two fixed contact portions, the main rod is pivotally connected to the connecting rod, the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the main rod, and the connecting rod is provided with the support column. Features.

  One end of the support column is connected to the connecting rod, and the other end is connected to a corresponding buffer block.

  The support column is connected to the connecting rod in an oblique direction.

  The support column is hollow and accommodates a corresponding buffer block, and one end of the buffer block is maintained in a state of protruding from an end of the support column.

  The bumper includes a base part connected to each other and an extension part, and the base part below the extension part is connected to the two solid contact parts.

  The positioning groove installed on the connecting rod and above the support pillar is installed, the hook member includes a shell case, an elastic unit, and a hook body, and the shell case is fixedly connected to the connecting rod and the Installed in the positioning groove, one end of the elastic unit is connected to the inside of the shell case, the other end is hung on the hook body, and the end of the hook body protrudes from the shell case, The positioning member extends into the positioning groove, the positioning member is coupled to the front end from the positioning seat, the shackle is coupled to the positioning seat, the shackle can be freely attached and detached, and the shackle extends into the positioning groove to It connects with the hook body of a hook member, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  The shackle has a hook fixing portion, both sides of the hook fixing portion are connected to a through portion, a positioning piece is coupled to the positioning seat, and at least one through hole is installed, and the through portion of the shackle is the through portion It penetrates a hole and the end of the penetration part protrudes from the positioning piece, and is fixed to an annular lock.

  At least one buffer cover installed on the positioning member is brought into contact with an end of the positioning piece, the shackle through-hole penetrates the buffer cover and the through-hole, and at least on the outer peripheral surface of the shackle through-hole. One stopper is installed, and the end of the buffer cover is in contact with the stopper.

  The first abutment block that includes a first abutment block and a second abutment block in which each of the rigid contact portions is in solid contact with the shaft rod of the bumper, and covers a pivoted portion of the connection rod and the shaft rod. Is in contact with the bottom of the vehicle body, and the second contact block is in contact with the first contact block and is in contact with the tip of the bottom of the main frame.

  One end of at least one main column provided on the auxiliary column is fixedly connected to the shaft rod of the bumper, and a contact portion installed at the other end is connected to a fixture of the vehicle body.

  The auxiliary strut portion further includes a horizontal slant member, and both ends of the horizontal slant member are connected to the main strut and the shaft rod of the bumper.

  The auxiliary strut portion further includes a vertical slant member, and both ends of the vertical slant member are connected to a horizontal slant member and a second abutment block of the fixed contact portion.

  The support column is hollow, the support column is filled with a buffer block, the inner layer and the outer layer of the buffer block are a filler and a cover body, and the filler can withstand high impact strength but easily cracks. The cover body, which is a buffer material, is a buffer material that has elasticity and is difficult to crack.

  As described in detail above, the impact mitigation device of the present invention is provided with a support column on the bumper, except that the first contact block and the second contact block are in direct contact with the main frame of the vehicle body, It is abutted against the front shaft of the vehicle body, and is further abutted against the fixture of the shock absorbing portion of the vehicle body by the auxiliary strut portion of the fixed contact portion to disperse the impact force from all directions and directly or directly It can be indirectly transmitted to the main frame having the highest structural strength in the vehicle body and the shock absorbing part, thereby reducing the influence of the vehicle body due to the impact force and enhancing the security function.

  The shock absorbing device of the present invention has several buffer absorbers (for example, a buffer block between a bumper support column and a vehicle front shaft, or a buffer of the positioning member between a bumper, a fixed part, and a vehicle body. By installing a cover), improving the impact mitigation effect over a wide range and preventing deformation or damage of the components of the impact mitigation device, thereby improving the service life of the component and maintaining the performance of the impact mitigation device Is possible.

  The impact mitigation device of the present invention is provided with a latch mechanism that automatically separates the front and the bumper, and the bumper pivots in accordance with the pivot of the front, thereby improving convenience.

It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the conventional impact relaxation apparatus. It is the schematic which shows implementation of the conventional impact relaxation apparatus. 1 is a front view illustrating an assembled state of an impact mitigation device according to an embodiment of the present invention on a vehicle body. 1 is a three-dimensional exploded view of an impact relaxation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a partial side cross-sectional view showing an impact relaxation device according to an embodiment of the present invention in an assembled state with a vehicle body. It is a local three-dimensional exploded view of an impact mitigation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a three-dimensional exploded view of a latch mechanism of an impact mitigation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic which shows the impact mitigation device concerning the example of the present invention on the body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram (1) showing a state where an impact mitigation device according to an embodiment of the present invention is automatically divided into a vehicle body. It is the schematic (2) which shows the impact-relief apparatus which concerns on the Example of this invention to a vehicle body in the automatic parting state. It is the schematic which shows the impact-relief apparatus which concerns on the Example of this invention to a vehicle body manual dividing state. It is a local three-dimensional exploded view of an impact mitigation device according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic which shows implementation of the impact mitigation apparatus which concerns on other Examples of this invention.

  The objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the following embodiments made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, an impact mitigation device according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to the front end of the front 71 of the vehicle body 7 and has two main frames 72 at the bottom of the vehicle body 7 and the two main frames 72. The structural strength of the frame 72 is the highest part in the vehicle body 7, and a part of the two main frames 72 is extended to the bottom of the front 71. Two shock absorbing portions 73 are provided at the bottom of the vehicle body 7, and the two shock absorbing portions 73 are connected to corresponding main frames 72 by two fixing tools 731. A front shaft 74 is further installed on the vehicle body 7, and the front shaft 74 is connected to the front 71 and the two main frames 72, so that the front 71 uses the front shaft 74 as a rotation axis and the main frame 72. Inclined and pivoted at a predetermined angle.

  The impact mitigation device usually includes one bumper 1, two fixed contact portions 2, and one latch mechanism 3. The bumper 1 pivots and is connected to the fixed contact portion 2, and the latch mechanism 3 is installed on the front 71 and the bumper 1, so that the bumper 1 covers the front end of the front 71 and the front 71 Accordingly, the bumper 1 does not obstruct the pivoting of the vehicle body 7 and provides an impact mitigating effect for the bumper 1.

  The bumper 1 is placed on the front end of the front 71 to withstand external force impacts and reduce the impacts, thereby protecting the safety of passengers in the vehicle body 7. The bumper 1 may have any shape, and is not limited to the drawings disclosed in the present embodiment. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the bumper 1 is divided into a base part 1 a and an extension part 1 b, and the base part 1 a below the extension part 1 b is connected to the two solid contact parts 2. It is preferable that the base portion 1a and the extending portion 1b of the bumper 1 can be coupled to each other, and a locking member s such as a screw is fixed to each other. Therefore, when the bumper 1 is deformed and damaged, the combination bumper 1 can be replaced only with the deformation damaged portion, and the maintenance cost can be saved by not having to replace the set of bumpers 1.

  More specifically, the base portion 1a of the bumper 1 includes a shaft rod 11 and a plurality of connecting rods 12, and the connecting rod 12 is pivoted with respect to the shaft rod 11 so as to pivot relative to the shaft rod 11. In this embodiment, the number of the four connecting rods 12 is selected, a predetermined distance is provided between the adjacent connecting rods 12, and the two connecting rods 12 are pivoted at both ends of the shaft rod 11. The keyhole 121 can be disposed in the connecting rod 12 between both ends.

  Since the main rod 13 provided in the extending portion 1b of the bumper 1 is coupled to the base portion 1a, the main rod 13 is adjacent to the shaft rod 11 of the base portion 1a, and both ends of the main rod 13 are extended downward. The connecting rods 12 at both ends of the shaft rod 11 are coupled to each other. The extending portion 1b further includes two connecting rods 14, and the two connecting rods 14 can be installed between both ends of the main rod 13. One end of the two connecting rods 14 is connected to the main rod 13, and a keyhole 141 is disposed at the other end. Accordingly, the two connecting rods 14 of the extending portion 1b can be coupled to the two connecting rods 12 of the base portion 1a, and the base portion 1a and the extending portion 1b can be connected to each other via a plurality of locking members s. The keyholes 121 and 141 are fixedly contacted, and the extending portion 1b jointly pivots the shaft rod 11 of the base portion 1a by coupling with several connecting rods 12 of the base portion 1a. In this embodiment, by further installing a reinforcing plate 142 inside the connecting rod 14, the structural strength of the connecting rod 14 is increased, and the connecting rod 14 suppresses deformation damage due to pressure. Further, when the extending portion 1b of the bumper 1 has a height, at least one front rod 15 connected to the main rod 13 and penetrated through the two connecting rods 14 is installed. The structural strength of the portion 1b can be increased.

  As shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 12, the extending portion 1 b of the bumper 1 further includes at least one support column 16 and is connected to a corresponding number of buffer blocks 17. When the bumper 1 receives an impact force, the shock-absorbing effect is provided by the buffer block 17 and the impact force is moved to the front shaft 74 and then moved to the two main frames 72 of the vehicle body 7. Let In this embodiment, the support pillars 16 and the buffer blocks 17 are installed in two each. One end of each of the two support columns 16 is connected to the two connecting rods 14 of the extending portion 1b, and the two buffer blocks 17 are connected to the other ends of the two support columns 16, respectively. 16 is set in a hollow shape to accommodate the buffer block 17, and one end of the buffer block 17 protrudes from the end of the support column 16, and the effect of cushioning is reduced by increasing the volume of the buffer block 17. To improve. The support column 16 is obliquely coupled to the connecting rod 14 of the extending portion 1b so that the impact angle of the bumper 1 can be evenly distributed, so that the depression angle between the supporting column 16 and the connecting rod 14 is 45 degrees. It is preferable to do. The buffer block 17 is preferably made of rubber, styrene foam or buffer elastic material.

  The extending portion 1b of the bumper 1 is further provided with at least one positioning groove 18 for use in assembling the latch mechanism 3. In this embodiment, the positioning groove 18 is installed on the connecting rod 14 and is located above the support column 16. A guide surface 181 in the positioning groove 18 is connected to the inner wall surface of the support column 16. The guide surface 181 may have a convex arc shape, but is preferably a semicircular arc shape.

  As shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, the two fixed contact portions 2 are connected to the bumper 1 and simultaneously connected to the main frame 72 of the vehicle body 7 and the fixture 731 of the shock absorber 73. Thus, when the bumper 1 receives an impact, the impact force is moved to the main frame 72 of the vehicle body 7 and the fixture 731 of the shock absorber 73, and the impact force is applied to the main frame 72 having the highest structural strength in the vehicle body 7. The impact force on the side surface moved by the fixture 731 is absorbed by the impact absorber 73. The two fixed contact portions 2 are connected to the main frame 72 of the vehicle body 7 and the fixture 731 at the tip of the shock absorber 73, respectively, so that the shock absorbing device can move the shock force evenly to the vehicle body 7.

  More specifically, each solid contact portion 2 includes a first contact block 21 and a second contact block 22, and a bottom portion of the first contact block 21 is firmly contacted with the shaft rod 11 of the bumper 1, The range of activity of the connecting rod 12 is limited by the first abutment block 22 that covers the connecting portion of the connecting rod 12 and the shaft rod 11. The connecting rod 12 can pivot with respect to the shaft rod 11 but does not slide in the axial direction of the shaft rod 11. The second abutment block 22 is in solid contact with the first abutment block 21, and is in close proximity to the first abutment block 21 and the shaft bar 11. As shown in FIG. 5, when the fixed contact portion 2 is coupled to the vehicle body 7, the upper portion of the first contact block 21 contacts the bottom of the main frame 72 of the vehicle body 7, and the second contact block 22 is in contact with the bottom end of the main frame 72.

  In addition, the auxiliary support | pillar part 23 can be further installed in each said contact part 2. As shown in FIG. At least one main column 231 is installed on the auxiliary column 23, one end of the main column 231 is fixedly connected to the shaft rod 11 of the bumper 1, and a contact portion 2311 is provided at the other end to provide an impact absorber. 73 is connected to a fixture 731. In this embodiment, the auxiliary strut portion 23 further includes a horizontal slant member 232 and a vertical slant member 233, and both ends of the horizontal slant member 232 are preferably connected to a main strut 231 (connected to the attachment portion 2311) and a bumper. One end of the vertical diagonal member 233 can be connected to the horizontal diagonal member 232 and the second contact block 22 of the fixed contact portion 2.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the latch mechanism 3 includes a hook member 31 and a positioning member 32 that are latched with each other, and the positioning groove 18 of the bumper 1 is provided in the hook member 31. A predetermined distance from the guide surface 181 is set. In the present embodiment, the hook member 31 may include a shell case 311, an elastic unit 312, and a hook body 313. The shell case 311 firmly contacts the connecting rod 14 and is installed in the positioning groove 18. One end of the elastic unit 312 is connected to the inside of the shell case 311, and the other end is connected to the hook body 313. The end of the hook body 313 protrudes from the shell case 311 and extends into the positioning groove 18 to face the guide surface 18. Accordingly, the hook body 313 can expand and contract the shell case 311 by the elastic expansion and contraction action of the elastic unit 312.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the positioning member 32 has a positioning seat 321 and a shackle 322, the positioning member 32 is coupled to the front end of the front 71 of the vehicle body 7 by the positioning seat 321, and the shackle 322 is Coupled to the positioning seat 321, the shackle 322 extends into the positioning groove 18 and is connected to the hook body 313 of the hook member 31. In this embodiment, the positioning seat 321 selects a plurality of locking members S and is positioned and coupled to the front end of the front 71 of the vehicle body 7, and the shackle 322 is a hook body of the hook member 31 by a hook fixing portion 3221. The shackle 322 is formed in a substantially U shape by connecting both sides of the hook fixing part 3221 connected to the H.313 to the penetration part 3222. A positioning piece (or positioning ring) 323 is coupled to the positioning seat 321 to install at least one through hole 3231, a through portion 3222 of the shackle 322 is penetrated through the through hole 3231, and an end of the through portion 3222 is The positioning piece 323 protrudes and is connected to the annular lock 324, and the shackle 322 is coupled to the positioning seat 321.

  Since the positioning member 32 provides an impact mitigating effect, the positioning member 32 is provided with at least one buffer cover 325. The buffer cover 325 can be made of a buffer elastic material such as rubber. . The number of the buffer covers 325 can be matched with the corresponding number of the through holes 3231 of the positioning seat 321. The buffer cover 325 is in contact with the positioning piece 323 so as to be separated from the end portion of the front 71 and to face the corresponding through hole 3231. When the hook fixing portion 3221 of the shackle 322 receives an impact force by the penetration portion 3222 of the shackle 322 passing through the buffer cover 325, the buffer cover 325 can absorb a part of the impact force. More preferably, the buffer cover 325 has a continuous wave shape to increase the impact absorption effect.

  At least one stopper 326 may be installed on the positioning member 32, and the at least one stopper 326 may be installed on the outer peripheral surface of the penetrating portion 3222 of the shackle 322 and abutted against the end of the buffer cover 325. It is. In this embodiment, the stopper 326 is a ring body, and is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the penetrating portion 3222 of the shackle 322 by a method such as welding or adhesion, and the impact force is transmitted from the hook fixing portion 3221 of the shackle 322. When the stopper cover 326 is pushed by the buffer cover 325, the buffer cover 325 is deformed and can absorb an impact force.

  4 and 8, when the impact mitigating device according to the present invention receives an impact, the bumper 1 approaches the front 71 of the vehicle body 7 by an external force, and the partial dispersion force of the impact force is the bumper. The first support pillar 16 moves to the front shaft 74, and then the front shaft 74 moves to the two main frames 72. The dispersive force of another part moves to the base 1a of the bumper 1 and passes through the first abutment block 21 and the second abutment block 22 of the fixed contact portion 2, thereby causing the two main frames 72 and the impact to move. It moves to the fixture 731 of the absorber 73. Further, a part of the dispersion force passes through the main support column 231, the horizontal slant member 232 and the vertical slant member 233 of the auxiliary support column part 23 to move the disperse force, and is moved to the shock absorber 73 by the fixture 731. . At the same time, the impact force can be absorbed by utilizing the deformation of the main column 231 of the auxiliary column 23, the horizontal diagonal member 232, and the vertical diagonal member 233.

  Therefore, the impact force received by the bumper 1 is not limited to the impact location, and the impact force in any or any direction can be distributed to the bumper 1, and the structure strength of the vehicle body 7 is the highest. The impact force is absorbed directly or indirectly by the two main frames 72, and further, the fixture 731 connected to the impact absorber 73 assists the absorption of the impact force. Provided is an impact mitigation device that improves the impact mitigation effect by absorbing an impact force using deformation. In addition, the buffer block 17 contacting the front shaft 74 protruding from the end of the support column 16 and the buffer cover 325 of the positioning member 32 utilize their own elasticity to improve the impact mitigation effect of the impact mitigation device. After the bumper 1 once absorbs a strong impact force, the shock-absorbing effect of the vehicle body 7 can be maintained by replacing the shock-absorbing block 17 and the shock-absorbing cover 325 immediately.

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, when the front 71 of the vehicle body 7 pivots, it tilts and pivots around the main frame 72 around the front shaft 74 as a rotation axis, and the shackle 322 of the positioning member 32 is moved. The hook fixing portion 3221 can be detached from the hook body 313 of the hook member 31 by pivoting to the front 71. The hook body 313 is taken out from the positioning groove 18 by the flow, and the solid contact relationship between the bumper 1 and the front 71 is released. At the same time, the bumper 1 can pivot about the shaft rod 11 as a central axis by pressing the hook body 313 against the guide surface 181 of the positioning groove 18. Therefore, the bumper 1 is also automatically pivoted during the process in which the front 71 performs the pivoting operation, and the bumper 1 does not interfere with the pivoting of the vehicle body 7. When the positioning groove 18 has a convex arc shape or a semicircular arc shape, the hook body 313 is pushed by the guide surface 181 to come into contact with the line contact type, so that friction can be reduced. By making the surface 181 difficult to wear, the smoothness of the pivot and the life of the used member can be improved.

  On the other hand, when the front 71 is returned to the pivot start point, the bumper 1 is pushed to pivot about the shaft rod 11 as a central axis, and the hook fixing portion 3221 of the shackle 322 of the positioning member 32 is again moved to the hook member. 31, and the hook body 313 contacts the elastic unit 312 to be retracted into the shell case 311, and the hook fixing portion 3221 of the shackle 322 extends into the positioning groove 18. You can enter. When the hook fixing portion 3221 of the shackle 322 is not in contact with the hook body 313, the shackle 322 is restored to its original position by the elasticity of the elastic unit 312, and the hook body 313 is again extended into the positioning groove 18, thereby causing the shackle 322. The position of the hook member 31 and the positioning member 32 are latched with each other so that the bumper 1 is fixed in front of the front 71 and any pivoting is sealed, and the state shown in FIG. 5 is restored. The bumper 1 provides a protective action for the front 71.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 11, the bumper 1 pivots forward in accordance with the front 71, and manual pivoting can be performed when the front 71 is not pivoted. That is, the user presses the hook body 313 of the hook member 31 and simultaneously contacts the upper side, and the shackle 322 of the positioning member 32 is detached from the hook body 313, whereby the bumper 1 is pulled and the shaft The pivot is performed with the rod 11 as the central axis. Accordingly, an activity area is provided between the bumper 1 and the front 71, and maintenance work for the ramp and the buffer block 17 can be performed.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 13, the buffer block 19 is formed of a composite material, and the buffer block 19 is filled in the hollow support column 16 and comes into contact with the front shaft 74 of the vehicle body 7 (see FIG. 4). . An outer layer of the buffer block 19 is a filler 191 and a cover body 192. The filler 191 is a cushioning material that can withstand high impact strength, such as polystyrene foam, but is easily cracked. If the filler 191 is made of glue or the like, it can withstand high compressive force, and returns to its original position with elasticity. be able to. In this embodiment, a large number of fillers 191 are installed. It is possible to select a shock-absorbing cushioning material that has elasticity such as rubber for the cover body 192. Desirably, a grooved body is formed on the inner wall surface of the support column 16, and a plurality of groove structures 1921 are formed on the outer wall surface of the cover body 192. When the buffer block 19 enters a certain distance of the support column 16, the filler 191 and the cover body 192 are compressed and deformed by the compression, and a restoring force can be applied. In the present embodiment, the inner peripheral side of the filler 191 is constituted by a deformed tank, and the deformation effect of the filler 191 can be increased. The compression distance can be increased by the above operation method, and deformation of the vehicle body 7 itself can be avoided.

  Therefore, even if the filler 191 is cracked by an impact force, it is possible to prevent the buffer block 19 from being directly damaged by being covered by the cover body 192 that is difficult to crack. That is, the buffer block 19 is configured to receive an impact only when the cover body 192 is damaged, and the buffer capacity that can effectively withstand the impact force of the buffer block 19 can be improved.

  Explaining the above overall, the impact mitigation device according to the present invention abuts the main frame of the vehicle body by the first abutment block and the second abutment block of the fixed contact portion, and supports the bumper on the support pillar. Is installed in contact with the front shaft of the vehicle body, and is further contacted with the fixture of the shock absorber of the vehicle body by the auxiliary strut portion of the fixed contact portion, so that the impact mitigation device can apply the impact force in each direction. It is transmitted directly or indirectly to the main frame and shock absorber with the highest strength of the vehicle body structure while dispersing the impact, reducing the influence of the vehicle body due to the impact force and strengthening the security function.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as described above so that those skilled in the art can understand them, but these do not limit the present invention in any way. Various adjustments and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the utility model registration claim of the present invention should be broadly interpreted including such adjustments and modifications.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bumper 1a Base part 1b Extension part 11 Shaft rod 12 Connecting rod 121 Keyhole 13 Main rod 14 Connecting rod 141 Keyhole 142 Reinforcement plate 15 Front rod 16 Supporting column 161 Grooved body 17 Buffer block 18 Positioning groove 181 Guide surface 19 Buffer Block 191 Filler 192 Cover body 1921 Groove structure 2 Solid contact portion 21 First abutment block 22 Second abutment block 23 Auxiliary strut portion 231 Main strut 2311 Contact portion 232 Horizontal oblique material 233 Vertical oblique material 3 Latch mechanism 31 Hook Member 311 Shell case 312 Elastic unit 313 Hook body 32 Positioning member 321 Positioning seat 322 Shackle 3221 Hook fixing part 3222 Through part 323 Positioning piece 3231 Through hole 324 Ring lock 325 Buffer cover 326 Stopper 7 Car body 71 Front 72 Main frame 73 Shock absorber 731 Fixing tool 74 Front shaft 8 Flat bed type freight car 81 Front 82 Main frame 9 Shock mitigation device 91 Bumper 911 Shaft hole 912 Fixing pin hole 92 Fixing plate 921 Pivoting hole 922 Through hole 93 Pivoting bolt 94 Fixing Pin S Lock member

Claims (13)

In a vehicle body having two main frames extended to the bottom of the front, and a front shaft connected to the two main frames, the impact mitigating device attached to the front end of the vehicle body,
Two fixed parts connected to the two main frames;
A bumper in which the two fixed portions are pivotally connected, and at least one support pillar connected to a corresponding amount of the buffer block is installed, and the buffer block is in contact with the front shaft;
An impact mitigation device comprising a hook member and a positioning member that are latched with each other, the hook member being provided on the bumper, and the positioning member being coupled to a front end of the front.   The vehicle body has two shock absorbers, the shock absorbers are connected to corresponding mainframes by two fixtures, and each fixed contact portion is connected to a vehicle fixture by providing auxiliary struts. The impact mitigation device according to claim 1, wherein:   The bumper includes a shaft rod, a main rod, and at least one connecting rod, the shaft rod is fixed to the two fixed contact portions, the main rod and the connecting rod are pivotally connected, and the connecting rod is 3. The impact mitigation device according to claim 1, wherein the support rod is fixed to a main rod and the support rod is provided on the connecting rod.   4. The shock absorbing device according to claim 3, wherein one end of the support column is obliquely coupled to the connecting rod, and the other end is connected to a corresponding buffer block. 5.   3. The impact mitigation device according to claim 1, wherein the support column is hollow and accommodates a buffer block corresponding to the phase, and one end of the buffer block protrudes from an end of the support column.   3. The impact according to claim 1, wherein the bumper includes a base part connected to each other and an extension part, and the base part below the extension part is connected to the two solid contact parts. Mitigation device.   The positioning groove is provided on the connecting rod and above the support pillar, the hook member includes a shell case, an elastic unit, and a hook body, and the shell case is in solid contact with the connecting rod and the Installed in the positioning groove, one end of the elastic unit is connected to the inside of the shell case, the other end is connected to the hook body, and the end of the hook body protrudes from the shell case and extends into the positioning groove The positioning member is coupled to the front end of the front by the positioning seat, the shackle is coupled to the positioning seat, and the shackle is detachably extended into the positioning groove and connected to the hook body of the hook member. The impact relieving device according to claim 3.   The shackle has a hook fixing portion, both sides of the hook fixing portion are connected to a through portion, a positioning piece is coupled to the positioning seat, at least one through hole is provided, and the through portion of the shackle is the through portion 8. The impact mitigating device according to claim 7, wherein the impact penetrating device penetrates through the hole, and an end of the penetrating portion protrudes from the positioning piece and is fixed with an annular lock.   At least one buffer cover installed on the positioning member abuts on an end portion of the positioning piece, the penetrating portion of the shackle penetrates the buffer cover and the through hole, and at least one outer peripheral surface of the penetrating portion of the shackle. The shock absorbing device according to claim 8, wherein two stoppers are installed, and an end of the buffer cover is brought into contact with the stopper.   Each of the fixed contact portions includes a first contact block and a second contact block that contact the shaft rod of the bumper, and the first contact block that covers a pivoted portion of the connection rod and the shaft rod includes the first contact block. 4. The impact mitigation according to claim 3, wherein the second contact block is in contact with the bottom of the vehicle body, the second contact block is in solid contact with the first contact block, and is in contact with the tip of the main frame bottom. apparatus.   11. The at least one main column provided at the auxiliary column is fixed to one end of a bumper shaft rod, and a contact portion installed at the other end is connected to a vehicle body fixture. The impact mitigation device described.   The auxiliary strut portion further includes a horizontal slant member and a vertical slant member, both ends of the horizontal slant member are connected to the main strut and the shaft rod of the bumper, and both ends of the vertical slant member are the horizontal slant member and the fixed contact portion. The impact mitigation device according to claim 11, wherein the impact relaxation device is connected to the second contact block.   The support column is hollow, the buffer column is filled with a buffer block, the inner layer and the outer layer of the buffer block are a filler and a cover body, and the filler is a buffer material that can withstand high impact strength. 3. The impact mitigating device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cover body is a cushioning material having elasticity.

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