JP3188793B2 - Elongated animal hair fiber and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an animal hair fiber elongated by a drawing treatment, a method for producing the same, and a spun yarn obtained by blending the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Synthetic fibers are drawn after being spun to elongate the fibers. The main purpose of this stretching is not only to make the fibers thinner, but also to orient the molecules and improve the strength. The spun fibers are continuous, at which point stretching is easy.

[0003] Recently, with the diversification of tastes, the demand for clothing using fine-count animal hair has been increasing. However, fine-counter animal hair has traditionally only depended on natural ones, and furthermore, fine-counter animal hair has extremely low hair production and is very expensive, and a technology capable of supplying it at low cost has been desired. .

[0004] In order to reduce the length of animal hair using a common thick animal hair, for example, the surface of the animal hair fiber is dissolved or
Although it is conceivable to stretch animal hair, the former can impair the texture, characteristics, or strength of animal hair, and therefore has a limit to thinning, and can be used only in special cases.

[0005] On the other hand, in the latter method, the animal hair is different from synthetic fiber, and the average fiber length, for example, Merino is usually 50-9.
It was 0 mm, and no attempt was made to stretch it on an industrial scale. In fact, no attempt has ever been made to draw animal hair fibers since animal hair itself has sufficient practical strength. There are academic studies of the complex changes caused by stretching wool (e.g., the Journal of the Textile
Institute (Journal of the Textile Institut)
te, Vol. 55, (1964- 6) 324-33.
2) This is independent of the technology for providing slender animal hair on an industrial scale. A technique for immobilizing the slender animal hair fibers in that state is not known.

[0006]

The animal hair generally used so far is a natural product, the thickness of which is limited, and the supply amount of fine animal hair is limited. An object of the present invention is to provide an animal hair fiber elongated by a stretching treatment, a method for easily obtaining the animal hair fiber from a natural thick animal hair fiber, and a technique for obtaining a spun animal hair spun yarn using the fiber. And

[0007]

According to the present invention, raw wool is stretched,
The above-mentioned elongated animal hair fiber in which a sliver of the elongated animal hair fiber elongated from 95 to 45% of its cross-sectional area (as 100%) and a sliver of the animal hair fiber whose fiber axes are aligned are subjected to a heat drawing treatment in a wet state. Related to the production method.

In producing the slender animal hair fibers of the present invention, first, a sliver of animal hair fibers having a uniform fiber axis is obtained. The sliver may be a sliver of animal hair conventionally supplied generally. Although not limited, the fiber arrangement of the sliver is preferably about 3 times drafted with a rotary gil and spread lightly. Animal hair fibers that can be used are typically wool, but alpaca, mohair, angora, cashmere and the like are exemplified. Of course, it is not limited to this. The average diameter of the original thickness of animal hair fibers is usually 13 μm to 38 μm, and animal hair having any fiber diameter can be elongated.

The length of the animal hair fiber is preferably at least 30 mm, more preferably at least 40 mm. If the fiber length is shorter than 30 mm, the distance between the nip rollers needs to be 30 mm or less, and it is easy to be stretched due to restrictions such as the roll diameter. The animal hair sliver is heated and stretched in a wet state. The wet state is performed by, for example, immersing animal hair in water. The water may be mixed with a suitable mixture, additive, hydrogen bond breaking agent, cross-linking breaking agent, hydrophobic bond relaxing agent, and the like. As a compounding agent, a water-soluble organic solvent, for example, lower alcohols such as methyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol, alcohol amines such as ethanolamine, and a surfactant as an additive, for example, an alcohol EO addition type nonionic surfactant, Examples thereof include an alkylphenyl ether-based activator. Animal hair moistened with water or water containing the above-mentioned compounding agent or additive restores its original length when immersed in warm water after the elongation treatment. That is, the elongation is not fixed. This is useful for producing a swollen animal hair spun yarn described later.

[0010] A hydrogen bond-cleaving agent, a cross-linking-cleaving agent, a hydrophobic bond-relaxing agent or the like cuts a hydrogen bond or a cross-linking of animal hair, and the stretching of animal hair is more effectively achieved. When an appropriate amount of these additives is used and the cleaved cross-link is re-cross-linked, the elongation is fixed, and does not return to the original thickness even when treated with hot water.

Examples of the crosslinking bond breaking agent include disulfide bond breaking agents such as thioglycolic acid and its ammonium salt, thiol compounds such as alkyl mercaptans, mercapto alcohols and mercaptoamines, sulfur-containing amino acids, sodium sulfite, and monoethanolamine salt. And reducing agents such as phyto and monoethanolamine bisulfite.

Examples of the hydrogen bond breaking agent and the hydrophobic bond relaxing agent include urea, phenol, acetamide, formamide,
Sodium thiocyanate, sodium salicylate, lithium bromide and the like are exemplified. Lower alcohols such as n-butanol, n-propanol and isopropanol also have these effects.

These additives are not limited to those described above, and may be used as a mixture. Although the amount of addition cannot be specified unconditionally depending on the type of compounding agent or additive used and the purpose of use, 10 g / l or less is appropriate for a surfactant or the like for the purpose of enhancing the effect of penetration into the interior of the fiber. For a cross-linking cleavage agent, a symmetric type reducing agent, for thioglycolic acid, mercaptoethanol, etc., 0.05 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight, for a hydrogen bond cleavage agent or a hydrophobic bond relaxing agent such as urea, It is preferably at most 5 mol%, particularly preferably at most 3 mol%.

The wetting temperature is not particularly limited, but can be arbitrarily selected from room temperature to boiling conditions. It may be moistened with steam. The pH of the wetting liquid may be appropriately selected from weak alkaline to acidic. Particularly preferably, pH 2.5.
To pH 8.5. The wetting time may be sufficient if the wetting liquid penetrates the animal hair fibers sufficiently and uniformly, and is usually 1 minute to 60 minutes. A pretreatment with a cross-linking and cutting agent or the like may be performed in advance so as to easily swell.

The heating and stretching treatment may be performed after the animal hair is wet, or may be performed simultaneously with the moistening. Heating temperature is 4
The temperature is from 0 ° C to 100 ° C, more preferably from 60 ° C to 95 ° C. It may be heated at the same time while being wet with steam.
When wetting and heating are performed simultaneously, the wetting liquid itself may be heated. The heating may be performed while maintaining the stretching atmosphere at a heating temperature with hot air or the like, or the heating device itself, for example, a stretching roller may be heated.

The stretching is typically performed with a stretching roller. The stretching roller is a top roller as shown in Fig. 1.
(31) to (42) and bottom rollers (1) to (24), and the top roller is preferably made of rubber at least on its surface. A preferred configuration of the stretching roller will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a stretching apparatus in which the first stage has a wetting process and the second stage has a heating process.
The immersion tank (50) contains a wetting liquid (60), and the bottom rollers (1) to (13) and the top roller (31) to
The animal hair sliver (70) is simultaneously stretched while being moistened in the dipping tank by the nip roller composed of (36). The animal hair fiber sliver leaving the dipping tank (50) is then conveyed to a heating step in a heated steam or hot air atmosphere and fixed under stretching conditions. Sliver is a top roller
It is pressed by (31)-(42) and the bottom rollers (1)-(24). The number of top rollers and bottom rollers is of course not limited to the number shown in FIG. The number of places to be pressed and stretched is two or more, preferably four or more. If the number is less than 4, the stretching and fixing are often insufficient. However, in order to obtain a bulging spun yarn as described later, the number thereof may be intentionally reduced to obtain a partly elongated or insufficiently fixed animal hair. For example, see FIG.
As shown in the figure, a lateral groove (80) is cut, and animal hair fibers are bitten into the groove, and the drawing is performed by increasing the rotation speed between the rolls later. That is, drawing is performed in FIG. 1 in a portion where the animal hair fiber is not in contact with the top roller, that is, the bottom rollers (2, 3), (4, 5), (6, 7),.
This is achieved by increasing the rotation speed of the odd-numbered rollers in each combination of 23). Therefore, the spacing between the rollers of the above combination must be shorter than the length of animal hair fiber. The transport speed may be adjusted by changing the rotation speed and radius of each roller. Stretching ratio is the first roller if the diameter of the bottom roller is the same
It almost corresponds to the ratio between (2) and the rotation speed of the last roller (23). That is, in order to increase the stretching ratio from 1.4 times to 2.2 times, the rotation speed of the roller (2) and the roller (23) is set to about 1.
Increase from 4 times to about 2.2 times.

As described above, the bottom rollers (1) to (24)
It is preferable to use a streak roller as shown in FIG. 2 (a schematic enlarged view of a bottom roller). The width of each of the convex and concave portions of the streak roller is about 1.45 mm for the former, and about 2.
00 mm is appropriate. It is appropriate that the groove depth of the streak roller is about 1 mm. However, it is not limited to these. The streaks may be parallel or spiral. The material of the bottom roller is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include stainless steel and molding plastics. The chemical resistance and the heat resistance may be considered according to the use conditions. The diameter of the bottom roller and the distance between the axes are selected depending on the diameter of the top roller, the length of animal hair fiber, and the like. Diameter is about 1/2 to about 1 of top roller
/ 3, usually 20 mm to 28 mm, and the center distance is preferably about 22 mm to about 32 mm.

In order to prevent the fiber from slipping, it is preferable to apply a pressure of 20 kg to 300 kg between the top roller and the bottom roller. The top rollers (31) to (42) preferably have a rubber layer on the surface. The hardness of the rubber is between 50 ° and 120 °, more preferably between 65 ° and 85 °. Top roller diameter is 40mm
To 60 mm is appropriate. The distance between the top rollers is such that the distance between the contact points of the top roller and the bottom roller is shorter than the length of the animal hair fiber. Generally, it is preferable to set the length to about 95% to 50% of the fiber length.

By the above-described stretching treatment, animal hair can be stretched up to about 2.2 times (it is elongated by 45% of the raw hair cross-sectional area). Approximately 1.5 times stretching is possible even after stretching after wetting only with water without using a wetting agent.

Performing a wet swelling treatment under relatively weak conditions;
In addition, animal hair fibers that have been immobilized only by heating are only temporarily immobilized, and are restored to their original length when treated with boiling water. By utilizing this property, a spun animal hair spun yarn that is bulky, that is, swells can be obtained.

The wetting treatment is carried out by a crosslinking cutter, a hydrogen bond cutter,
Elongation can be fixed to some extent by using a hydrophobic bond relaxing agent, etc., but after further immobilization, when treated with an oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide or potassium bromate, or an SH blocking agent, the deformation is fixed. Is more complete, for example, 60
Even if the hot water treatment is performed for a minute, the deformation can be maintained. Such treatment using hydrogen peroxide or the like may be performed under tension or may be performed under no tension.

The temporarily fixed slender animal hair fibers are mixed with non-slender animal hair fibers and other fibers, such as polyester, polyamide, acrylic, and cotton, and spun.
When the obtained spun yarn is treated with hot water or hot water, the elongated animal hair fiber is restored to its original length inside the spun yarn, so that the whole yarn swells and a bulky yarn is obtained. Such a spun yarn can provide a cushion material or a woven or knitted fabric having a special feeling.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples. Example 1 Average fiber diameter 21.11 microns, fiber length (average 80 mm,
A pure sliver for spinning having a maximum length of 155 mm) was prepared into a long sliver having a density of about 18 g / m using a rotary gil. The prepared sliver was stretched using the stretching apparatus shown in FIG. 1 at a nip pressure of 160 kg and a supply speed of 5 cm / min. Water at 80 ° C. was used for wetting.

The specifications of the stretching device are as follows. Bottom roller: 24 steps, stainless steel, diameter 20 mm, working width 200 mm, concave width 2 mm, convex width 1.45 mm, depth 1 m
m. Up to 12 of the 24 bottom rollers were immersed in the wetting liquid. Bottom roller (1,2); (3,4); (5,
6); (7, 8); (9, 10); the distance between the axes between the combinations (11, 12) was 28 mm, and each pair was rotated at the same speed. Stretching the bottom roller (2,3); (4,5);
(6, 7); (8, 9), and the distance between these axes was 24 mm. The rotation speed of the bottom roller 1 is 0.8 rpm, and (2, 3);
The respective speed ratios up to 3) were increased to six stages by 1.05 times as compared with the previous stage. Bottom rollers 14 to 24 are also steps of fixing while stretching, with a vapor pressure of 2 kg / cm ²
Heat with. Bottom roller (14,15); (16,1
7); (18, 19); (20, 21); (22, 23) The speed ratio between each is 1.15 times, 1.10 times, 1.10
Fold, 1.05 fold, and 1.02 fold, with 1.
It will be stretched 49 times.

The top roller was made of rubber having a hardness of 80, had a diameter of 50 mm, and the interval between the rolls was 52 mm between the axes. The stretched sliver thus obtained was air-dried at room temperature. The average of the diameters of the single fibers of the obtained sliver is 1
8.65 microns, average fiber length 87mm, maximum length 212mm
Met.

Using this sliver, spinning is performed in a normal process, and a very glossy spun yarn (1/5 metric count)
2, Z490). Steam the yarn at 80 ° C for 15 minutes.
After performing the double thread processing at 280, it was treated with hot water at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes. As a result, a swelling spun yarn for knitting (2/4
8, Z520, S300) were obtained. JIS L-1
Bulkiness according to 095 is 8.4 cm ³ / g (load 10 g / cm ² )
Met.

Comparative Example 1 A spun yarn for knitting (2/48, Z520, S300) was obtained using an untreated sliver of the same lot as in Example 1. Tactile sensation clearly confirmed that there was no swelling as compared with the yarn obtained in Example 1. The bulkiness was 7.6 cm ³ / g.

Example 2 A wool sliver having an average fiber diameter of 31.03 microns was drawn as in Example 1. However, an aqueous solution (adjusted to pH 2.5 with 25% aqueous ammonia) containing 1.0% by weight of thioglycolic acid and 1.5 mol of urea as a wetting liquid was used.
Used by heating to ° C.

The speed ratios of the six stages from top rolls 2 to 13 were each increased by 1.02 times. The speed ratio of the top rolls 14 to 23 was the same as in Example 1.
The average fiber diameter of the sliver that was drawn under these conditions and air-dried was 25.65 microns. This sliver and untreated sliver are mixed at a ratio of 3: 7 and spun to 1 / 7.5.
(Z150) was obtained. After steaming the yarn at 60 ° C. for 10 minutes, a hand-knitted yarn having a metric count of 3 / 7.5 (S85) was obtained. After removing the skein and performing skein dyeing by a conventional method, a 3/6 Nm (Z15)
5, S90). The bulkiness was 12.0 cm ³ / g.

Comparative Example 2 Spinning was performed using only the untreated sliver of Example 2 (average fiber diameter: 31.03 microns) to obtain a hand-knitted wool yarn (meter count 3/6, Z155, S90). Staining was performed in the same manner as in Example 2. Even after dyeing, the count and twist were hardly changed, and the texture was clearly different from that of Example 2. The bulkiness is 1
It was 0.6 cm ³ / g.

Example 3 Average fiber diameter: 20.59 microns, average fiber length: 77 mm,
The treatment was performed according to the procedure of Example 1 using a sliver having a maximum fiber length of 150 mm. An aqueous solution containing 2.0% by weight of thioglycolic acid and 1.5 mol of urea, the pH of which was adjusted to 3.7 with 28% aqueous ammonia, was used as a wetting liquid. The speed ratio between the rolls was set as follows. Roll number Speed ratio 2-3 1.02 4-5 1.02 6-7 1.08 8-9 1.08 10-11 1.02 12-13 1.02 14-15 1.16 16-17 1 .14 18-19 1.10 20-21 1.05 22-23 1.02

After stretching under the above conditions, the film was washed with water in a top dyeing machine for 10 minutes, and 1% by weight of hydrogen peroxide solution (pH 7,
(40 ° C.) for 10 minutes. Thereafter, it was washed with a back washer and then dried.

The fiber diameter of the single fiber of the obtained sliver,
The fiber length is compared with that of the untreated fiber and is shown below. Drawing treatment Untreated Average fiber diameter 17.44μ 20.59μ Fiber length: average (per number) 119mm 77mm (fiber diameter) (17.01μ) (19.91μ) Longest part 275mm 150mm (fiber diameter) (16.19μ) (21.22μ) Short part 50mm 50mm (fiber diameter) (18.25μ) (20.25μ) A thin and long wool monofilament as described above was obtained.

Using this sliver, spinning is performed in a normal process, and a very glossy metric number 1/100 (Z90
0) was obtained. After steaming the yarn at 80 ° C for 15 minutes, JI
The hot water shrinkage was measured by the SL-1095 7.24A method and found to be 1.62%. The numerical value of the hot water shrinkage is almost the same as that of a normal spun yarn.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3 A sliver having an average fiber diameter of 18.50 microns (stable and thin merino wool) was used.
A lot of yarn breaks could not be created with a spun yarn of / 100.

Example 4 An elongated animal hair fiber was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the following aqueous solution was used as the wetting liquid. 0.5% by weight of thioglycolic acid and 1.6 mol of urea as wetting liquid
And an aqueous solution adjusted to pH 7.5 with aqueous ammonia was prepared. Since this aqueous solution is slightly pink, an aqueous solution of 0.2 mol of EDTA-4Na at 10 g /
l was used. The nip pressure between the rolls was adjusted to 120 kg. The wool fiber treated under these conditions is almost the same as that of Example 3, and likewise 1/100 (Z900)
Was obtained.

[0037]

According to the present invention, an elongated animal hair fiber having an elongated length can be easily obtained, and a spun animal hair spun yarn can be obtained by using the fiber.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a stretching apparatus used in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing the surface of a bottom roller.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (1)-(24) Bottom roller (31)-(42) Top roller (50) Immersion tank (60) Wetting liquid (70) Animal hair fiber sliver (80) Side groove

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI // D06M 101: 10 D06M 11/16 (72) Inventor Takashi Chichichi 303 Iwakura Miyakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto (72) Inventor Yu Yamada 25-1, Kuroda, Kisogawa-machi, Hagiri-gun, Aichi Prefecture Kurashiki Spinning Co., Ltd. Kisogawa Plant (56) References JP-A-62-53476 (JP, A) JP-A-48-87144 (JP, A) JP-A-5-9869 (JP, A) JP-B-46-33141 (JP, B1) Patent 2983628 (JP, B2) ( 58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) D02G 1/00-3/48 D02J 1/00-13/00

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. An animal hair sliver is wet-treated with an aqueous solution containing at least one member selected from the group consisting of a crosslinking bond-cutting agent, a hydrogen bond-cutting agent, and a hydrophobic bond-relaxing agent. The film is continuously stretched at a rate of 1.4 to 2.2 times between at least four roller sets including a bottom roller, and then (C) a stretching ratio of 1.4 to 2.2 is applied by heat while continuously stretching the sliver. A method for producing slender animal hair fibers, wherein the animal hair fibers are fixed by a factor of two. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fixing by heat is performed by steam. 3. A roller set having a diameter of 40 to 60 mm.
, And two bottom rollers whose diameter is で to の of the diameter of the top roller, and the distance between the axes of the two bottom rollers is 22 to 32.
The production method according to claim 1, wherein the diameter is mm. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the bottom roller has a groove on the surface and the top roller has a rubber layer on the surface. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stretching of the sliver in the step (B) is performed at 40 to 100 ° C. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, after the heat setting in the step (C), (D) treating the animal hair sliver with an oxidizing agent. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide or potassium bromate.