JP3177145B2 - Vehicle fuel tank wrapped with fire extinguisher tank - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fuel tank in which a fuel tank for a vehicle has a double structure of an inner side and an outer side, and the outer side tank is used exclusively for a fire extinguishing agent.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, fuel tanks for vehicles have mainly been made of metal. However, in recent years, the occurrence of a fire at the time of a collision or a rear-end collision of a vehicle has become a problem. (FRP) and advanced composite materials (AC
Measures have been considered to prevent the destruction of the fuel tank as much as possible by using an impact-resistant reinforcing material such as M).

[0003]

As described above, even if a fuel tank having a high impact resistance is manufactured using a material having high elasticity and high rigidity, a crack is generated if the fuel tank is subjected to an impact exceeding the strength. Entered and destroyed. Even small damage can cause fuel to flow out, so it can be sparked at the time of collision,
It is said that sparks are exposed due to heat at the time of exhaust pipe breakage or damage to the engine room distributor and ignite from there, or that there is an infinite number of ignition factors, so that when fuel spills, it will easily ignite and cause a fire There is a problem.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to immediately extinguish a fire even if a fuel tank breaks and fuel leaks out and ignites during a vehicle collision.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in the fuel tank of the present invention, a fixed interval required at a location on the outer periphery of the fuel tank is provided at the location. The space created inside the fire extinguisher tank is created as a tank by the molded spacing support, and the space formed inside the fire extinguisher tank is divided by a partition plate with a plurality of pores between the upper and lower parts. The entire tank is filled with a fire extinguishing agent mainly for oil fires.

The distance between the fuel tank and the outer wall of the fire extinguishing agent tank in the above case is determined by the length of each pipe projecting portion which also serves as a support for the distance in a small tank, and the distance between the inlet pipe and the fire extinguishing agent tank. Although it is determined only by the fixing portion, in the case of a tank having a large capacity, a necessary interval at the place must be created by a projection protruding from the tank or a spacer inserted between the tanks. Further, it is desirable to form a horizontally long projection or insert a partition plate using a spacer or the like in order to suppress the oscillation of the fire extinguishing liquid. In addition, the interval is wide on the top side and narrow on the bottom so that the fire extinguishing agent flows effectively,
Ideally, the outflow time is adjusted by adjusting the size of the holes in the partition plate with pores.

Further, if an elastic film is stretched around the inside of the fire extinguishing agent tank and then the tank is filled with the extinguishing agent, the outflow of the liquid to the outside is delayed, so that the safety is improved and the purpose is more effective.

In the case of using an elastic film, if a projection is formed on the elastic film itself to maintain the interval,
Improves impact resistance.

When an elastic film is formed in a bag shape on the upper part of the fire extinguishing agent tank and a plurality of pores are formed around the bottom of the tank, the tank is larger than the tank having the elastic film in the entire tank. The price / performance ratio is good because it is lighter and the price can be lower.

By providing a heat receiving opening which is opened by being broken by heat at the bottom of the fire extinguishing agent tank, the fire extinguishing agent can be efficiently dropped into the ignition portion.

The fire extinguisher used is mainly for oil fires, but many types of vehicles are used because of the variety of vehicles, and the location of the tank varies depending on the vehicle type. Use a fire extinguishing agent that is suitable not only for type A fires but also for some installation locations. In the case of a vehicle, it is necessary to prioritize safety and reduce the weight. Therefore, like a halide used in a BC fire, it needs to be liquefied, so it becomes heavy and generates toxic gas when extinguishing a fire. Such things are not suitable for vehicles. ABC fire extinguishing agents containing phosphates or the like as a main component have a strong suffocation and suppression effect, but are often used in powder form. If powder is used in this tank and the tank is destroyed in the event of a car collision, the impact will cause the powder to form a smoke screen and scatter and cover the fuel that has flown out at the same time. However, there is a risk of reignition and the probability that only some of the powder will be used is inefficient. For this purpose, a fire extinguisher with good performance in an aqueous solution is desired. Recently, as disclosed in JP-A-4-24032, ammonium phosphate used in the ABC fire extinguisher powder and the like is used as an aqueous solution, and a flame retardant, Aqueous neutral and stable fire extinguishing agents having a high fire extinguishing efficiency, which are prepared with a cooling agent, a flame retardant, a cold resistance agent, a surfactant and the like, have been developed. At the present time, fire-extinguishing liquids of the same degree, mainly ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, etc., have also been marketed, so their performance is expected to improve in the future.
Some of these can be extinguished instantly even for small-scale oil fires and the like, so they may be selected according to the type of vehicle and filled in a fire extinguisher tank. As can be seen from this, the development of a new fire extinguishing agent for the fuel tank of the present invention does not require much so that the burden can be reduced.

By the means configured as described above, the fuel tank for a vehicle is cracked by the impact of a vehicle collision or the like, and the crack leaks over the extinguishing agent tank to the fuel tank and leaks from there. In such a case, the leaked fuel enters the fire extinguisher tank and mixes with the oil fire extinguisher that is in the tank. Between the fuel tank outer wall and the side wall and the lower part are narrow. As a result, there is room for mixing the extinguishing agent and the fuel, so that the extinguishing agent has cooling, flame-retardant and flame-proofing effects, so that the relative ignition temperature becomes high and it becomes difficult to ignite.

Further, in the case where the elastic film is stretched around the fire extinguishing agent tank, the elastic film is stronger against the impact than the outer wall of the tank, and has the property of returning to the original state even if a crack is formed. The process of mixing the fire extinguishing agent and the fuel is extended more and more so that it works in the direction of sufficient mixing.Therefore, the effect of penetration and adhesion by the surfactant contained in the fire extinguishing agent comes out, and it helps with fire extinguishing. Become. Further, if it is extended to the fuel tank side, fuel leakage itself can be prevented or even minimized. However, even if the fuel leaks to the fire extinguishing agent tank side and the fuel and the extinguishing agent are mixed, the volatile one will catch fire, but the fire extinguishing speed is increased during the fire extinguishing process for the above reasons.

As described in the preceding paragraph, the fuel mixed with the fire extinguishing agent also ignites. The leaked fuel is most likely to accumulate beneath the tank and burn there, but to extinguish a fire, a fire extinguisher must be applied over the burning flame. The extinguishing agent that has fallen on the hot flame is decomposed by the heat to generate incombustible gas, which wraps around the flame and extinguishes the fire. The extinguishing agent below flows out of the partition plate with pores and the extinguishing agent outlet hole mentioned above while mixing with the fuel,
The fire extinguishing agent coming out of the pores of the partition plate and the outlet of the bag-shaped elastic membrane is long in time, so that a pure extinguishing agent immiscible with the fuel falls on the flame because it is made to come out with a delay. This is because, due to the nature of the fluid, the fire extinguishing agent flows to the same place along the same path where the fuel has flowed. In addition, when it burns directly below, the glass at the heat receiving opening at the bottom of the fire extinguishing agent tank breaks and the fire extinguishing agent falls exactly to the ignition part. In addition, since the distance between the inner wall of the tank and the outer wall of the fuel tank is kept constant by protrusions and intervening members, even if the fuel tank is cracked, the fire extinguishing agent falls onto the flame without being blocked halfway. In addition, when the inside of the upper part of the partition plate or the inside of the bag of the elastic film is heated by the burning flame, the gas inside expands and the liquid is strongly ejected from the pores and diffuses, so that the efficiency is improved.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings based on an embodiment. In the embodiment shown in FIG. In order to maintain the interval S, the interval supports 11, 21 and 31 are protruded from the respective tanks and are encased in the fire extinguishing agent tank 10 in such a manner that the fuel tank 1 is built therein. At this time, the inlet pipe 2 serving as the fuel F inlet of the fuel tank 1 is covered so as to be openable to the outside of the fire extinguishing agent tank 10, and the fuel inlet is covered with a cap 2a. Interval S
Is wide at the top and narrow at the side and bottom, and this space is used as a tank to fill the fire extinguishing agent B. In order to partition the tank containing the fire extinguishing agent B into an upper part and a lower part, a partition plate 25 with a fine hole is attached in a shape such that a picture frame is placed along the periphery of the upper part of the fuel tank 1 where the space S starts to narrow. Note that the spacing support 21 protrudes from the fuel tank 1 side, and has a purpose other than to obtain the spacing S, such as the fuel emission pipe 5a and the fuel pipe 5a.
b, Create a space inside the projection to make a place for piping such as the fuel return pipe 5c,
The two tank walls are brought into close contact to facilitate piping. A single pipe of the breather pipe 4 passes through the spacing support 31. The fire extinguishing agent tank 10 has a fire extinguishing agent inlet 3 and its cap 3a at the top, and a drone 6 necessary for refilling when the fire extinguishing agent has deteriorated. In the case of a passenger car or the like, regardless of the location shown in the drawing, it is convenient for the fire extinguishing agent inlet 3 to be arranged adjacent to the inlet pipe 2 of the fuel F inlet so as to refill the fire extinguishing agent.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the above-mentioned partition plate 25 with a fine hole. A plurality of pores 25a required for the partition plate
Are opened at equal intervals. The size and number of the pores 25a are determined in consideration of the amount of the extinguishing agent B stored above the partition plate and the outflow speed required for extinguishing the fire.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is an example of the shape of a basic spacing support 11 serving as a center for obtaining a spacing S between a fuel tank 1 and a fire extinguishing agent tank 10. In the figure, the tank on which the spacing support 11 is protruded is formed as the fuel tank 1, but this is for the purpose of explanation and may be protruded from the fire extinguishing agent tank 10. The spacing support 11 in (a) is a prism protruding from the tank, and the spacing support 11 in (b) is a cylinder. The spacing support 11 shown in (c) is a rectangular parallelepiped. Use for etc. Although not shown, the shape may be a hemispherical protrusion or a cross shape, or any shape, as long as the gap is accurately maintained and the flow of the fire extinguishing agent B is not hindered. It may be determined according to the shape.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is an example of using a spacing support. (A) in the figure is a spacing support 11 protruding from both sides of the fire extinguishing agent tank 10 side and the fuel tank 1 side.
The spacing support 11 in (b) is the same rectangular parallelepiped as in (c). The spacing support 21 is a piping-supporting support in which a space is formed inside a large projection so that it can accommodate from a single pipe to several pipes when piping a conduit. The interval support 31 shown in (c) is formed by making the support thicker or wider when one or two conduits are used and penetrating therethrough. The spacing support 41 is a rectangular parallelepiped made of a spacer and is used when it is difficult to project from the tank for some reason when it is used for the same purpose as in (b). The (d) spacing support 41 is also used when projections cannot be made of the spacing material or when the price is to be reduced.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the space support 11 or 41 formed in a rectangular parallelepiped between the upper portion of the fuel tank 1 and the outer wall of the fire extinguisher tank 10 is arranged as shown in FIG.
Also used as a partition plate (separator) to prevent the liquid from swaying. However, this is a basic method, and the shapes of tanks of vehicles, especially passenger cars, etc., are various, so if the shape changes, the arrangement and direction are changed.

FIG. 6A shows a fire extinguisher tank 10 in which an elastic film 50 is stretched around the inside of the fuel tank 1 at intervals S by the method described above.
And the tank is filled with fire extinguishing agent B.
At this time, it is better not to adhere the elastic film 50 to the fire extinguishing agent tank 10 or to disperse the elastic film 50 for the reason described later. However, the inner periphery of the fire extinguishing agent inlet 3, the penetration of the inlet pipe 2 and each conduit, and the contact portion around the perforated partition plate 25 adhere well. (B) shows the case where the elastic film 50 is attached to the fire extinguishing agent tank 1.
The fire extinguisher tank 10 is also stretched over the entire surface of the tank with the elastic film 50 so as to also extend to the fuel tank 1 side inside, but the interval S protrudes from the tank by the interval support 11 as shown in this figure. In the case of (1), the projecting side penetrates the elastic film 50, but at this time, only the periphery of the penetrating portion is well bonded.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is similar to FIG. 6B in that an elastic film is stretched over the entire surface of both tanks. 51. This is intended to absorb the impact at the time of collision by making the projections elastic. Of course, the elastic intermediate member also serves as a buffer, but this is more desirable. Note that the elastic film 50 used in FIG.
No projection from the tank is required.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, a bag-like elastic film 55 made according to the shape of the tank is provided on the upper part of the fire extinguisher tank 10.
Is provided by opening a plurality of fire extinguisher outflow holes 60 around the bottom thereof. It is desirable that the bag is adhered only along the fire extinguishing agent inlet 3 and the other is not adhered. If necessary, a partition film 55a is attached to prevent the fire extinguishing agent from swinging, and the fire extinguishing agent B is used by filling the entire tank. The conduits do not penetrate the bag-like elastic film 55 as shown in the figure. The method of supporting the interval S between the tanks is the same as in the previous embodiment.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, a hole 57 is formed in the bottom of the fire extinguishing agent tank 10 with an L-shaped step 57 around the hole in (A) and a groove 58 in the periphery in (A). A heat receiving opening 80 formed by inserting and bonding the periphery of a glass plate 75 provided with the notch 70 shown in (c) with a cushioning material 65 and surrounding the same.
Is provided. (C) is a heat receiving opening 80 as viewed from the lower surface. It is efficient to make a plurality of heat receiving openings 80 adjacent to each other.
Is in the way, the drain 6 moves to the bottom end. In addition,
Although not shown, the shape of the heat receiving opening 80 may be circular, and the notch 70 of the glass plate 75 may be freely formed as long as it functions correctly.

[0024]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

As described above, the fuel tank for a vehicle whose outer periphery is wrapped with a fire extinguishing agent tank is always wrapped in a fire extinguishing agent around the fuel tank. Even if the fuel is damaged by the fire, the fuel mixes with the fire extinguisher in the process of passing through the tank of the fire extinguisher tank, so that the fire retardant and the cooling effect of the fire extinguisher appear and the ignition temperature becomes relatively high, making it difficult to catch fire. In addition, at the time of a severe impact, the fuel and the extinguishing agent are scattered to the outside while being mixed together, so that it is difficult to ignite unlike the scattering of the fuel alone.

The fuel that has flowed out is most likely to accumulate immediately below the fuel tank. However, even if the fuel ignites there, the glass at the heat receiving opening is easily broken by heat. Pours down and is extinguished immediately.

The pipes extending from the fuel tank to the outside of the fire extinguishing agent tank are provided with the respective pipes at the protruding portions from the fuel tank side. There is nothing to degrade the quality of.

The fire extinguishing agent must be refilled because deterioration is unavoidable for a long period of time. However, since the drain is provided at the bottom of the fire extinguishing agent tank, the extinguishing agent can be easily replaced. This means that each individual can refill themselves, and has the advantage that fire extinguishing agents with better performance than at the present time can be easily replaced when commercially available.

When the fire extinguishing agent liquid vibrates violently, the vibration sound and vibration are affected on the vehicle, but the vibration is suppressed by the partition plate which also serves as the spacing support.

Further, by providing an elastic film inside the fire extinguishing agent tank, safety is enhanced. Due to external impact,
If both tanks are cracked, it is possible that only the elastic membrane will not break. Further, even if the elastic film is torn, the elastic film is not fixed or adhered to the outer wall of the tank. Further, since the elastic body generally has a property of returning to its original position, it works in a direction to close the crack, so that the fuel flowing out of the fuel tank is minimized. In addition, the time for mixing with the extinguishing agent in the extinguishing agent tank becomes longer, and ignition becomes difficult.

Further, by providing an elastic film over the entire surface of the fire extinguishing agent tank, the fuel in the fuel tank must pass through the two outer walls of the tank and the two elastic films in order to leak to the outside. Therefore, safety is improved. In addition, since the spacing support formed by the projections formed on the elastic film has elasticity, the impact applied to the fuel tank can be reduced, and damage due to the impact can be reduced.

As can be seen from the above, the fuel that has flowed out of the fuel tank is difficult to ignite because it contains a fire extinguishing agent. Since the fire is immediately extinguished by the incombustible gas emitted, the vehicle occupant has sufficient time to escape from the vehicle, thereby avoiding danger.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fuel tank showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a partition plate with pores.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a shape of a spacing support on a tank wall surface.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an example of the use of a spacing support.

FIG. 5 is a partially broken plan view of a fuel tank.

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an elastic film in a fire extinguishing agent tank.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a spacing support formed on an elastic film.

FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway side view of a fuel tank to which a bag-shaped elastic film is attached.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are cross sections of the heat receiving opening, and FIG. 9C is a heat receiving opening viewed from the lower surface.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fuel tank 10 Fire extinguisher tank 11, 21, 31, 41, 51 Spacing support 25 Partition plate with pores 50 Elastic film 55 Bag-shaped elastic film 60 Fire extinguisher outlet hole 65 Buffer material 70 Notch 75 Glass plate 80 Heat receiving opening Part B Fire extinguisher S interval

Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60K 15/00-15/10 A62C 2/00-39/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fixed interval (S) required at an outer periphery of a fuel tank (1) is provided on the outer periphery of the fuel tank (1).
The interval support (11, 21, 3) molded at the location
1, 41), and is wrapped in a fire extinguishing agent tank (10), and is an inlay serving as a fuel inlet of the fuel tank (1).
The heat pipe has an opening outside the fire extinguisher tank (10).
And the outer periphery of the fuel tank (1)
The constant spacing (S) required at the place
Widely take the side and bottom narrow, and use the fire extinguisher tank (1
0) A space formed inside is used as a tank, and the inside of the tank is provided with a partition plate (25) having a plurality of fine holes at equal intervals .
Take the shape of a picture frame along the top of the link (1).
A fuel tank for a vehicle whose outer periphery is wrapped with a fire extinguisher tank, wherein the tank is divided into an upper part and a lower part, and the entire tank is filled with a fire extinguisher (B). 2. A fixed interval (S) required at an outer periphery of the fuel tank (1) is provided on the outer periphery of the fuel tank (1).
The interval support (11, 21, 3) molded at the location
1, 41), and is covered with a fire extinguisher tank (10) having an elastic film (50) stretched inside, and the space formed inside the fire extinguisher tank (10) is a tank, and the upper and lower parts thereof Partition plate with pores with a plurality of pores between (25)
Use in a partition, by filling the extinguishing agent (B) to the total intracisternal
Fuel tank smell for a vehicle wrapped the outer circumference in the fire-extinguishing agent tank that
Between the fuel tank (1) and the fire extinguisher tank (10).
The interval (S) is the interval due to the protrusion molded on the elastic film (50).
A fuel tank for a vehicle, the outer periphery of which is surrounded by a fire extinguisher tank, which is supported by a support (51) . 3. An outer periphery of the fuel tank (1)
The constant interval (S) required at
The interval support (11, 21, 3) molded at the location
1, 41) and encased in a fire extinguisher tank (10).
And the space created inside the fire extinguisher tank (10)
In the upper space in the tank, a fire extinguisher outlet (60) is
A plurality of bag-like elastic membranes (55) attached around the part
It is characterized by filling the entire tank with fire extinguisher (B)
A fuel tank for vehicles whose outer periphery is wrapped with a fire extinguisher tank. 4. A hole is made in the bottom of the fire extinguishing agent tank 10 to
Relax around the glass plate (75) with the notch (70)
After being surrounded by the impact material (65), the heat receiving opening (8
4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
A fuel tank for vehicles whose outer periphery is wrapped with a fire extinguisher tank.