JP3171525B2 - Medical puncture needle - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a medical puncture needle,
More specifically, the present invention relates to a puncture needle for biopsy for extracting body tissue at a predetermined site in a human body or for injecting a drug solution for injecting a medical solution into a predetermined site of a human body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b) show the structure of the main parts of conventional puncture needles A and B for injecting a chemical solution and for biopsy, respectively. These puncture needles A and B have the same basic configuration, and include a tubular outer needle a and a rod-shaped inner needle b that is slidably inserted into the outer needle a up to its tip when puncturing. The outer needle a and the inner needle b are usually made of stainless steel or the like,
Their tips are formed in a sharp shape. In the puncture needle A for injecting a drug solution, a blade portion c is formed at the distal end of the outer needle a, and in the puncture needle B for biopsy, the distal end of the outer needle a and the inner needle b. Are formed with blade portions c and d, respectively.

[0003] The treatment using these puncture needles A and B is performed as follows.

[0004] That is, when injecting a drug solution using the puncture needle A for injecting a drug solution, as shown in FIG.
After puncturing the affected part of the human body with the inner needle b inserted into the distal end position, the inner needle b is withdrawn from the outer needle a, and in this state, the medical solution is applied to the affected part of the human body via the outer needle a. Inject. .

When extracting a body tissue using the biopsy needle B, the distal end of the inner needle b inserted into the outer needle a is connected to the outer needle a as shown in FIG. Piercing the affected part of the human body, etc. in a state where the outer needle a slightly protrudes from the distal end of the outer needle a, and then withdrawing the inner needle b, rotating the outer needle a while applying a negative pressure to the outer needle a, A part of the body tissue is cut out by the blade portion c of a and housed inside the outer needle a, and then the outer needle a is withdrawn to extract the cut body tissue.

[0006] In this type of operation using a puncture needle, it is necessary to surely puncture a predetermined part of the human body with the puncture needle. Confirmation has been performed using

However, in a conventional puncture needle,
As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the outer needle a and the inner needle b
Is a solid object whose surface is formed smoothly except for its tip, so that ultrasonic waves are easily transmitted and an image of the puncture needle may not be obtained enough to recognize the puncture point of the puncture needle. Many. For example, when a puncture needle A for injecting a drug solution as shown in FIG. 8A is punctured into a human body, an image of a tip portion of the puncture needle A as shown in FIG. ) Can be recognized as dots, and images of other parts of the puncture needle A are hardly obtained. And, even in the image of the distal end portion of the puncture needle A, since it is only a point-like image, it is difficult to distinguish it from a point-like image obtained from another part of the human body. To perform, for example, puncture needle A while looking at the image
Must be moved in the body tissue in the axial direction to recognize the puncture site of the puncture needle A.

In order to solve such inconveniences, there is a case where an outer peripheral surface near the distal end of the outer needle is intentionally scratched or a puncture needle which has been subjected to honing is used. However, it has been generally difficult to obtain a clear image of the puncture needle. In addition, in this type, the outer peripheral surface of the outer needle is roughened, so that the resistance at the time of puncturing is increased and the inconvenience of unnecessarily damaging the body tissue at the time of puncturing is caused. Since the body tissue easily adheres to the outer peripheral surface, there is a possibility that the tumor tissue adhered to the outer peripheral surface of the outer needle at the time of puncture may be transferred to another site.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to improve such a puncture needle, and when a human body is punctured, a clear image of the puncture needle can be obtained using an ultrasonic imaging apparatus. An object of the present invention is to provide a puncture needle that can easily recognize a puncture site.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a tubular outer needle having a blade at a distal end, and slidably inserted into the outer needle up to the distal end during puncturing. In a medical puncture needle provided with a rod-shaped inner needle, a concave portion extending or interspersed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle along the peripheral surface is provided at a location near the distal end of the needle. And an air layer that reflects ultrasonic waves for imaging at the time of puncturing is formed by the recess between the outer needle and the inner needle.

The outer needle and the inner needle are provided at their distal ends with sliding contact portions whose inner and outer peripheral surfaces are in sliding contact with each other over the entire circumference, and the recess is formed between the sliding contact portion and the outer needle and the inner needle. It is provided at a position separated from the rear end side.

Further, the opening of the recess is formed so as to be smaller than its inner side.

[0013] Further, the recess is constituted by at least one spiral groove formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle.

Alternatively, the recess is constituted by a plurality of annular grooves formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle at intervals in the axial direction.

[0015]

According to the present invention, the concave portion is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle near the distal end of the puncture needle, so that the outer needle and the inner needle are provided between the outer needle and the inner needle. An air layer is formed. Then, in a state where the puncture needle is punctured into the human body, the air layer easily reflects ultrasonic waves as compared with the body tissue or the outer needle and the inner needle. When the puncture site is imaged, a sufficient reflected wave can be obtained from a location near the tip of the puncture needle. Thus, it is possible to obtain a clear image of a location near the tip of the puncture needle.

In this case, the outer needle and the inner needle are provided at their distal ends with sliding contact portions whose inner and outer peripheral surfaces are in sliding contact with each other over the entire circumference, and the recess is provided between the sliding contact portion and the outer needle and the inner needle. It is preferable to provide at a position separated from the rear end side. By doing so, at the time of puncturing, body fluids and the like are prevented from entering the concave portion from the tip of the puncture needle, and therefore, the air layer necessary for obtaining an image of the puncture needle is secured. You.

Further, when the opening of the recess is formed so as to be smaller than the inner side of the recess, even if the body fluid enters the position of the recess, the body fluid penetrates deeper into the recess and the recess is formed. The situation that is filled in is avoided,
Therefore, it is possible to secure the air layer.

Preferably, the recess is formed by a spiral groove formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle, for example. By doing so, since the air layer is continuous in the longitudinal direction of the puncture needle, an image continuous in the longitudinal direction of the puncture needle can be obtained, and the puncture site of the puncture needle can be easily recognized. It becomes possible.

The concave portion may be constituted by a plurality of annular grooves formed at intervals in the axial direction on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle. In this case, for example, if each annular groove is inclined with respect to the axial direction of the puncture needle so that the annular grooves overlap with each other when viewed from the radial direction of the puncture needle, the puncture needle is similar to the case of the spiral groove. Can be obtained in the longitudinal direction.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of the puncture needle of the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 uses an ultrasonic imaging apparatus when the puncture needle of FIG. FIG. 9 is an image diagram showing an image obtained by the above.

In FIG. 1, a puncture needle 1 of the present embodiment is a puncture needle for injecting a drug solution, and like a conventional puncture needle, a tubular outer needle 2 and an inner needle slidably inserted into the outer needle 2 at the time of puncture. And a rod-shaped inner needle 3 to be inserted. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the inner needle 3 is inserted up to the distal end of the outer needle 2. In this state, the rear end of the inner needle 3 is locked to the rear end of the outer needle 2 by a locking member (not shown). It has become so. The distal ends of the outer needle 2 and the inner needle 3 are sharply formed, and the distal end of the outer needle 2 is provided with a blade 4. The outer needle 2 and the inner needle 3 are made of a stainless material, and the outer diameter of the outer needle 2 is 0.7 m.
m, and the outer diameter of the inner needle 3 is about 0.5 mm. The outer peripheral surface of the outer needle 2 has become a smooth.

In the puncture needle 1 of the present embodiment, for example, a single spiral groove 5 is formed as a recess on the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle 3 over an appropriate length range near the distal end. In this case, with the inner needle 3 inserted into the outer needle 2 as shown in FIG. 1, the outer peripheral surface of the distal end of the inner needle 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the distal end of the outer needle 2 are in sliding contact with each other over the entire circumference. The spiral groove 5 is provided so as to be separated from the sliding contact portion 6 toward the rear end side of the inner needle 3.

As shown in FIG. 2, the width W1 of the opening of the spiral groove 5 is formed to be smaller than the width W2 of the inner side of the spiral groove 5. Such a spiral groove 5 is
In the present embodiment, it was formed as follows.

That is, first, while a rod-shaped inner needle material having a smoothly formed outer peripheral surface is rotated around its axis, a processing jig having the width of the spiral groove 5 to be formed is placed on the inner needle material. A spiral groove having a constant groove width is formed by pressing against the outer peripheral surface. At this time, as shown by phantom lines in FIG. 2, projecting portions x, x are formed on both sides of the opening of the spiral groove. Next, by pressing the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle with a plate-shaped jig, the protruding portions x, x were plastically deformed so as to protrude inside the spiral groove, whereby the spiral groove 5 was obtained.

In this embodiment, the width W2 on the inner side of the spiral groove 5 is 0.2 mm, the pitch P of the spiral groove 5 in the axial direction of the inner needle 3 (see FIG. 1) is 0.6 mm, and the spiral The depth D of the groove 5 was 0.04 mm.

When the puncture needle 1 of this embodiment is punctured into a human body with the inner needle 3 inserted into the outer needle 2 as shown in FIG. Then, a spiral air layer is formed by the spiral groove 5. In this case, since the distal ends of the outer needle 2 and the inner needle 3 are in sliding contact with each other over the entire circumference, it is possible to prevent body fluid from entering the spiral groove 5 at the time of puncturing. Furthermore, the width W1 of the opening of the spiral groove 5
Is smaller than the width W2 on the inner back side, so that even if bodily fluids enter between the outer needle 2 and the inner needle 3 from their distal ends, they hardly enter the spiral groove 5. Has become. Therefore, the spiral groove 5 is not filled with the body fluid when the puncture needle 1 is punctured, so that the spiral air layer is reliably secured by the spiral groove 5.

The air layer thus formed reflects ultrasonic waves more easily than the main body of the outer needle 2 and the inner needle 3 and the body tissue. Therefore, the puncture site of the puncture needle 1 is ultrasonically imaged. When an image is taken using the apparatus, a clear image of the puncture needle 1 is obtained at the location of the air layer.

FIG. 3 shows an ultrasonic image actually obtained when the puncture needle 1 of this embodiment is punctured into a human body. In FIG. 3, a portion indicated by a black background is obtained as an image. The part indicated by reference numeral S is an image of the puncture needle 1. In FIG. 3, the portion obtained as an image is shown by a black background, and the other portions are shown by a white background. However, in actuality, an image can be obtained with a color opposite to this. here,
The frequency of the used ultrasonic wave is 5 MHz, and the puncture needle 1
Is punctured in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. Also,
The ultrasonic waves are radiated downward from above in FIG. As is clear with reference to the figure, the image S indicating the puncture site of the puncture needle 1 can be obtained clearly. In this case, since the spiral groove 5 extends in the longitudinal direction of the puncture needle 1, the image of the puncture needle 1 is continuous in the longitudinal direction.

On the other hand, in the case of the conventional puncture needle A shown in FIG. 8A, a portion denoted by reference numeral S ′ in FIG. Only a point-like image is obtained, and such a point-like image is hard to distinguish from a dot-like image obtained from another part of the body tissue. Comparing this with the puncture needle 1 of the present embodiment, the puncture needle 1 of the present embodiment is much more advantageous than the conventional one in confirming the puncture site using an ultrasonic imaging apparatus. You can see that. Since a clear image of the puncture needle 1 is obtained in this manner, the puncture needle 1 can be reliably punctured at a desired site while confirming the puncture location of the puncture needle 1.

Further, since the outer peripheral surface of the outer needle 2 of the puncture needle 1 of the present embodiment is smooth, the puncture can be performed smoothly, and the body tissue may be unnecessarily damaged or punctured. It is possible to avoid a situation where the tumor tissue is metastasized to another site.

The present inventors set a pitch P and the like of the spiral groove 5 at various values to prepare a puncture needle, and confirmed an ultrasonic image at the time of the puncture. As a result, the groove depth D of the spiral groove 5 is set to 0.03 to 0.05 mm (particularly preferably 0.04 to 0.05 mm).
± 0.005 mm), pitch P is 0.5 to 0.7 mm,
Setting the groove width W2 in the range of 0.18 to 0.20 mm is preferable for obtaining a clear ultrasonic image at the time of puncturing,
The length range of the inner needle 3 provided with the spiral groove 5 is 20 mm.
As described above, or it was found that it is preferable to form the spiral groove 5 over substantially the entire length except for the distal end portion of the inner needle 3.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of the puncture needle of the present embodiment.

The puncture needle 6 of this embodiment is a puncture needle for biopsy, and is slidably inserted into the outer needle 7 like the puncture needle 1 of FIG. Rod-shaped inner needle 8
And In this case, when puncturing, the inner needle 8
Is inserted into the outer needle 7 to a position where its distal end slightly protrudes from the distal end of the outer needle 7. The distal end portions of the outer needle 7 and the inner needle 8 are formed sharply, and the distal end portions of the outer needle 2 and the inner needle 8 are formed with blade portions 9 and 10, respectively.

In the puncture needle 6 of this embodiment,
1, a spiral groove 11 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle 8, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle 8 on the distal end side of the spiral groove 11 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle 7 are mutually separated. The sliding portion 12 is in sliding contact with the entire circumference. The width dimension and the like of the spiral groove 11 are the same as the spiral groove 5 of the puncture needle 1 in FIG.

With the puncture needle 6 of this embodiment, a clear image can be obtained by using an ultrasonic imaging device at the time of puncture, just like the puncture needle 1 of FIG. 1, and the puncture location can be easily recognized. .

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of the puncture needle of the present embodiment.

The puncture needle 13 of this embodiment is, for example, a puncture needle for injecting a drug solution, and the inner needle 1 inserted into the tubular outer needle 14.
A plurality of annular grooves 16 (recesses) inclined with respect to the axial direction of the inner needle 15 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle 15 at locations near the distal end of the puncture needle 13 at intervals in the axial direction. The inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the distal ends of the needle 15 and the outer needle 14 form a sliding contact portion 17 that slides over the entire circumference.

In this case, the annular grooves 16 are such that those adjacent to each other when viewed in the radial direction of the inner needle 15 (as viewed in the vertical direction in FIG. 6) overlap. In addition, each annular groove 1
6 is formed so that the width of the opening is smaller than the inner depth side, like the spiral groove 5 of the puncture needle 1 in FIG.

In the puncture needle 13 of this embodiment,
At the time of puncturing, an annular air layer is formed by the respective annular grooves 16 without being lost by body fluids and the like, and by the formation of the air layer, a sharp puncture needle is formed using an ultrasonic imaging device in the same manner as the puncture needle 1 of FIG. Thirteen images are obtained. In this case, the annular groove 16 is configured such that adjacent ones when viewed in the radial direction of the inner needle 15 (as viewed in the vertical direction in FIG. 6) overlap with each other, so that the annular groove 16 and the puncture needle 1 in FIG. Similarly, a continuous image in the longitudinal direction of the puncture needle 13 is obtained, and the puncture location of the puncture needle 13 can be easily confirmed.

In this embodiment, the annular groove 16 inclined with respect to the axial direction of the inner needle 15 is provided. However, as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. May be provided. Further, in the present embodiment, the puncture needle for injecting a drug solution has been described, but also in the puncture needle for biopsy, by forming an annular groove as in the present embodiment,
A clear image of the puncture needle can be obtained.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of the puncture needle of the present embodiment.

The puncture needle 18 of this embodiment is, for example, a puncture needle for injecting a drug solution, and the inner needle 2 inserted into the tubular outer needle 19.
On the outer peripheral surface of the puncture needle 18, a plurality of circular concave portions 21 are scatteredly formed in the vicinity of the distal end of the puncture needle 18. And a sliding contact portion 22 that slides over the contact portion. In this case, each recess 21
The diameter and the depth of the spiral groove 5 of the puncture needle 1 in FIG. 1 are substantially the same as the width W1 and the groove depth D, for example. Further, the diameter of the opening of each recess 21 is formed smaller than the inner side.

In the puncture needle 18 of this embodiment,
At the time of puncturing, an air layer is formed scatteredly without being lost due to body fluids and the like by the concave portions 21. By the formation of the air layer, a clear puncture is performed using an ultrasonic imaging device in the same manner as the puncture needle 1 of FIG. An image of the needle 18 is obtained. Therefore, the puncture needle 1
8 can be easily confirmed.

In each of the embodiments described above, the spiral groove, the annular groove, and the concave portion are provided on the inner needle of the puncture needle. However, such a spiral groove, the annular groove, and the concave portion are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle. Needless to say, a spiral groove, an annular groove, or a concave portion may be formed on both the outer peripheral surface of the outer needle and the inner peripheral surface of the inner needle.

In the present embodiment, the inner needle and the outer needle are made of stainless steel. In particular, in the case of a puncture needle for injecting a chemical solution, as long as rigidity can be ensured, the inner needle and the outer needle are made of a resin material or the like. Is also good.

[0046]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, an extended or interspersed concave portion is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle, and the ultrasonic wave for imaging at the time of puncturing is provided. By forming the air layer that reflects the air between the outer needle and the inner needle by the concave portion, when puncturing the human body, it is possible to obtain a clear image of the puncturing needle using an ultrasonic imaging device. The puncture location can be easily recognized. Since the puncture location can be easily recognized in this manner, the puncture needle can be punctured reliably and easily at a desired site.

Further, the outer needle and the inner needle are provided with a sliding contact portion at the distal end portion where their inner and outer peripheral surfaces are in sliding contact with each other over the entire circumference, and are separated from the sliding contact portion to the rear ends of the outer needle and the inner needle. By providing the concave portion at the position, it is possible to prevent body fluids and the like from entering the concave portion from the distal end portion of the puncture needle at the time of puncturing, and to secure an air layer by the concave portion, thereby enabling ultrasonic imaging. An image of a puncture needle using the device can be reliably obtained.

Further, by forming the opening of the recess so as to be smaller than the inner side, even if the body fluid enters the recess at the time of puncturing, the recess is filled with the body fluid. By avoiding such a situation, it is possible to secure an air layer by the concave portion, and thus it is possible to reliably obtain an image of the puncture needle using the ultrasonic imaging device.

It is preferable that the recess is formed by a spiral groove or a plurality of annular grooves. In particular, when the recess is formed by a spiral groove, the air layer is continuous in the longitudinal direction of the puncture needle. A continuous image in the longitudinal direction of the needle can be obtained, whereby the puncture site of the puncture needle can be recognized very easily and reliably.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a puncture needle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an image diagram showing an image obtained by using an ultrasonic imaging apparatus when the puncture needle of FIG. 1 is punctured into a human body.

FIG. 4 is an image diagram showing an image obtained using an ultrasonic imaging apparatus when a conventional puncture needle is punctured into a human body.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a puncture needle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a puncture needle according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a puncture needle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a conventional puncture needle.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 6, 13, 18: puncture needle, 2, 7, 14, 19: outer needle, 3, 8, 15, 20: inner needle, 5, 11: spiral groove (recess), 16, 16 ': annular groove (Recess), 21 ... recess.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yasuo Majima 7-9-12 Higashiaikawacho, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka Inside the Kurume Gastroenterology Clinic (72) Inventor Hiroshi Hasegawa 6528 Koibuchi, Tomobe-cho, Nishiibaraki-gun, Ibaraki Pref. Inside the Central Hospital (72) Inventor Katsuyuki Hosoda 19-10 Senju Nakai-cho, Adachi-ku, Tokyo Inside the top of a corporation (56) References Japanese Utility Model 3-73113 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A61B 1/00-1/32 A61B 10/00 A61M 5/158

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A medical puncture needle comprising: a tubular outer needle having a blade portion at a distal end; and a rod-shaped inner needle slidably inserted into the outer needle up to the distal end at the time of puncturing. An inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or an outer peripheral surface of the inner needle is provided with a concave portion extending or interspersed along the peripheral surface at a position near the distal end of the needle, and the opening of the concave portion is located at a position closer to the inner side than the inner side. A medical puncture needle, wherein the air layer is formed so as to be small, and an air layer that reflects ultrasonic waves for imaging at the time of puncture is formed between the outer needle and the inner needle by the concave portion. 2. A tip portion of the outer needle and the inner needle is provided with a sliding contact portion in which the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the outer needle and the inner needle are in sliding contact with each other over the entire circumference. claims, characterized in that is provided at a position spaced rear end
2. The medical puncture needle according to 1. 3. The medical device according to claim 1 , wherein the recess is formed by at least one spiral groove formed on an inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or an outer peripheral surface of the inner needle. Puncture needle. Wherein said recesses are claims characterized in that it is constituted by the outer needle inner peripheral surface or the inner needle more annular grooves apart in the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface is formed by presence of Item 1 or
Is the medical puncture needle according to 2.