JPH08206118A - Puncturing needle for medical treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a puncturing needle whose clear image can be obtd. by using an ultrasonic imaging apparatus when it is thrust into a human body and the punctured position can be easily recognized. CONSTITUTION: A spiral channel 11 is provided on the outer peripheral face of an inner needle 8 inserted freely slidably into an outer needle 2 and an air layer for reflecting an ultrasonic wave for image pick-up is formed between the inner needle and the outer needle by the spiral channel 11.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a medical puncture needle,
More specifically, the present invention relates to a puncture needle for biopsy for extracting a body tissue of a predetermined site of a human body or for injecting a drug solution for injecting a drug solution into a predetermined site of a human body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b) show the configuration of the essential parts of conventional puncture needles A and B for injecting a drug solution and biopsy, respectively. These puncture needles A and B have the same basic configuration and are provided with a tubular outer needle a and a rod-shaped inner needle b slidably inserted into the outer needle a up to its tip portion during puncturing. The outer needle a and the inner needle b are usually made of stainless steel or the like,
Their tips are formed in a sharp shape. In the puncture needle A for injecting a drug solution, a blade portion c is formed at the tip of the outer needle a, and in the puncture needle B for biopsy, the tip of the outer needle a and the inner needle b. Blade portions c and d are respectively formed on the.

The operation using these puncture needles A and B is performed as follows.

That is, when injecting a drug solution using the puncture needle A for injecting a drug solution, as shown in FIG.
After puncturing the affected part of the human body with the inner needle b inserted to the distal end position, the inner needle b is removed from the outer needle a, and in this state, the medicinal solution is applied to the affected part of the human body through the outer needle a. Inject. .

Further, when the body tissue is extracted using the biopsy puncture needle B, the tip of the inner needle b inserted into the outer needle a as shown in FIG. Puncture the affected part of the human body in a state of slightly protruding from the tip of the outer needle a, then remove the inner needle b, and then rotate the outer needle a while applying a negative pressure to the outer needle a. A part of the body tissue is cut off by the blade portion c of a to be housed inside the outer needle a, and then the outer needle a is pulled out to extract the cut out body tissue.

By the way, in the operation using this kind of puncture needle, it is necessary to surely puncture a predetermined part of the human body with the puncture needle. It is being confirmed using.

However, in the conventional puncture needle,
As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the outer needle a and the inner needle b
Is a solid material with a smooth surface except for its tip, so ultrasonic waves can easily pass through, and it may not be possible to obtain an image of the puncture needle sufficient to recognize the puncture site of the puncture needle. Many. For example, when a human body is punctured with a puncture needle A for injecting a drug solution as shown in FIG. 8 (a), an image of the tip portion of the puncture needle A (a portion with a reference symbol S'is attached as shown in FIG. ) Can be recognized as dots and almost no image of other parts of the puncture needle A can be obtained. Since the image of the tip of the puncture needle A is only a dot-like image, it is difficult to distinguish it from a dot-like image obtained from other parts of the human body. To do this, for example, while observing the image, the puncture needle A
It is necessary to recognize the puncture site of the puncture needle A by moving, for example, in the body tissue in the axial direction.

In order to eliminate such inconvenience, the outer peripheral surface near the tip of the outer needle may be intentionally scratched or a puncture needle having a honing treatment may be used. However, in general, it has been difficult to obtain a clear image of the puncture needle. Further, in this type, since the outer peripheral surface of the outer needle becomes rough, the resistance at the time of puncturing increases and the inconvenience of unnecessarily damaging the body tissue at the time of puncturing occurs. Since the body tissue is likely to adhere to the outer peripheral surface, there is a risk that the tumor tissue adhered to the outer peripheral surface of the outer needle at the time of puncturing may be transferred to another site.

[0009]

An object of the present invention is to improve such a puncture needle. When a human body is punctured, an ultrasonic imaging device can be used to obtain a clear image of the puncture needle. An object of the present invention is to provide a puncture needle capable of easily recognizing a puncture site.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a tubular outer needle having a blade at its tip and a slidable insertion to the tip of the outer needle during puncture. In a medical puncture needle having a rod-shaped inner needle, a concave portion extending or scattered along the peripheral surface on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle is provided at a position near the tip of the needle. An air layer that is provided and reflects ultrasonic waves for imaging at the time of puncturing is formed by the recess between the outer needle and the inner needle.

Further, a sliding contact portion is provided at the tip of the outer needle and the inner needle, the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of which are in sliding contact with each other over the entire circumference, and the recess is formed from the sliding contact portion to the outer needle and the inner needle. It is characterized in that it is provided at a position separated from the rear end side.

Further, the opening of the recess is formed so as to be smaller than the inner depth side thereof.

Further, the recess is characterized by being constituted by at least one spiral groove formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle.

Alternatively, the concave portion is constituted by a plurality of annular grooves formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle at intervals in the axial direction thereof.

[0015]

According to the present invention, by providing the concave portion on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle near the tip of the puncture needle, the concave portion is provided between the outer needle and the inner needle. An air layer is formed. Then, in the state where the puncture needle is punctured in the human body, the air layer is more likely to reflect ultrasonic waves than the body tissue or the outer needle and the inner needle, and therefore, the ultrasonic imaging device is used to detect the puncture needle. When the puncture site is imaged, sufficient reflected waves can be obtained from the vicinity of the tip of the puncture needle. This makes it possible to clearly obtain an image of a portion near the tip of the puncture needle.

In this case, the outer needle and the inner needle are provided at their distal end portions with sliding contact portions whose inner and outer peripheral surfaces are in slidable contact with each other over the entire circumference, and the recess is provided from the sliding contact portion to the outer needle and the inner needle. It is preferably provided at a position separated from the rear end side. By doing so, it is possible to prevent body fluid or the like from entering the concave portion from the tip portion of the puncture needle at the time of puncturing, and thus to secure the air layer necessary for obtaining an image of the puncture needle. It

Further, when the opening of the recess is formed so as to be smaller than the inner depth side thereof, even if the body fluid enters the position of the recess, the body fluid penetrates to the inner depth of the recess and the recess is formed. It avoids the situation of being filled with
Therefore, it becomes possible to secure the air layer.

It is preferable that the concave portion is constituted by, for example, a spiral groove formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle. By doing so, since the air layer is continuous in the longitudinal direction of the puncture needle, it is possible to obtain a continuous image in the longitudinal direction of the puncture needle and easily recognize the puncture site of the puncture needle. It becomes possible.

The recess may be composed of, for example, a plurality of annular grooves formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle at intervals in the axial direction. In this case, for example, if each annular groove is inclined with respect to the axial direction of the puncture needle and these annular grooves overlap each other when viewed from the radial direction of the puncture needle, the puncture needle can be used in the same manner as the spiral groove. It is possible to obtain continuous images in the longitudinal direction of.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of the puncture needle of the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 uses an ultrasonic imaging apparatus when the puncture needle of FIG. 1 is punctured into a human body. It is an image figure which shows the image obtained by.

In FIG. 1, a puncture needle 1 of the present embodiment is a puncture needle for injecting a drug solution, and like a conventional puncture needle, a tubular outer needle 2 and an inner needle slidably attached to the outer needle 2 during puncture. And a rod-shaped inner needle 3 to be inserted. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the inner needle 3 is inserted to the tip of the outer needle 2, and in this state, the rear end of the inner needle 3 is locked to the rear end of the outer needle 2 by a locking member (not shown). It has become so. The tips of the outer needle 2 and the inner needle 3 are sharply formed, and the blade portion 4 is provided at the tip of the outer needle 2. The outer needle 2 and the inner needle 3 are made of a stainless material, and the outer diameter of the outer needle 2 is 0.7 m.
m, and the outer diameter of the inner needle 3 is about 0.5 mm. Further, the outer peripheral surface of the outer needle 2 is smooth.

In the puncture needle 1 of the present embodiment, for example, a single spiral groove 5 is formed as a concave portion on the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle 3 over an appropriate length range near the tip portion thereof. In this case, in the state where the inner needle 3 is inserted into the outer needle 2 as shown in FIG. 1, the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion of the inner needle 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the tip portion of the outer needle 2 are in sliding contact with each other over the entire circumference. It is a sliding contact portion 6, and the spiral groove 5 is provided so as to be separated from the sliding contact portion 6 toward the rear end side of the inner needle 3.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the width W1 of the opening of the spiral groove 5 is formed so as to be smaller than the width W2 of the inner side of the spiral groove 5. Such a spiral groove 5 is
In this example, the film was formed as follows.

That is, first, while rotating a rod-shaped inner needle material having a smooth outer peripheral surface around its axis, a working jig having the width of the spiral groove 5 to be formed is formed on the inner needle material. The spiral groove having a constant groove width is formed by pressing against the outer peripheral surface. At this time, as shown by phantom lines in FIG. 2, protruding portions x are formed on both sides of the opening of the spiral groove. Then, the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle was pressed by a plate-like jig to plastically deform the protruding portions x so as to project inside the spiral groove, whereby the spiral groove 5 was obtained.

In this embodiment, the width W2 of the inner side of the spiral groove 5 is 0.2 mm, the pitch P (see FIG. 1) of the spiral groove 5 in the axial direction of the inner needle 3 is 0.6 mm, and the spiral The depth D of the groove 5 was 0.04 mm.

When the puncture needle 1 of this embodiment is punctured into a human body with the inner needle 3 inserted in the outer needle 2 as shown in FIG. 1, the puncture needle 1 is placed between the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle 3 and the outer needle 2. Then, the spiral groove 5 forms a spiral air layer. In this case, since the tip portions of the outer needle 2 and the inner needle 3 are in sliding contact with each other over the entire circumference, body fluid is prevented from entering the spiral groove 5 during puncturing. Further, the width W1 of the opening of the spiral groove 5
Is smaller than the width W2 on the inner back side, so that even if body fluid enters between the outer needle 2 and the inner needle 3 from their tips, it is difficult for the body fluid to enter the spiral groove 5. Has become. Therefore, the spiral groove 5 is not filled with the body fluid when the puncture needle 1 is punctured, and therefore the spiral air layer is reliably secured by the spiral groove 5.

The air layer formed in this way is more likely to reflect ultrasonic waves than the main body of the outer needle 2 and the inner needle 3 and body tissues, and therefore ultrasonic images of the puncture site of the puncture needle 1. When an image is taken using the device, a clear image of the puncture needle 1 is obtained at the location of the air layer.

FIG. 3 shows an ultrasonic image actually obtained when the human body is punctured with the puncture needle 1 of the present embodiment. In FIG. 3, the portion indicated by a black background is obtained as an image. The puncture needle 1 is an image of the puncture needle 1. In FIG. 3, the portion obtained as an image is shown in black and the other portions are shown in white. However, in reality, an image can be obtained in the opposite color. here,
The frequency of the ultrasonic waves used was 5 MHz, and the puncture needle 1
Is punctured in the direction shown by the arrow in FIG. Also,
The ultrasonic waves are emitted from the upper side to the lower side in FIG. As is clear with reference to the figure, the image S showing the puncture site of the puncture needle 1 is clearly obtained. In this case, since the spiral groove 5 extends in the longitudinal direction of the puncture needle 1, the images of the puncture needle 1 are continuous in the longitudinal direction.

On the other hand, in the conventional puncture needle A shown in FIG. 8 (a), the tip portion of the puncture needle A is attached to the portion indicated by reference numeral S'in FIG. Only a dot-like image is obtained, and such a dot-like image is difficult to distinguish from a dotted image obtained from other parts of the body tissue. Comparing this with the puncture needle 1 of the present embodiment, the puncture needle 1 of the present embodiment is much more advantageous than the conventional one in confirming the puncture site using the ultrasonic imaging apparatus. I understand. Since a clear image of the puncture needle 1 is obtained in this manner, the puncture needle 1 can be surely punctured at a desired site while confirming the puncture site of the puncture needle 1.

Further, since the outer peripheral surface of the outer needle 2 of the puncture needle 1 of this embodiment is smooth, the puncture can be performed smoothly, and the body tissue is unnecessarily damaged or punctured. It is possible to avoid a situation where the tumor tissue is metastasized to another site.

The inventors of the present invention set the pitch P of the spiral groove 5 to various values to create a puncture needle, and confirmed the ultrasonic image during the puncture. As a result, the groove depth D of the spiral groove 5 is 0.03 to 0.05 mm (particularly preferably 0.04 mm).
± 0.005 mm), the pitch P is 0.5 to 0.7 mm,
It is preferable to set the groove width W2 in the range of 0.18 to 0.20 mm in order to obtain a clear ultrasonic image during puncture,
The length range of the inner needle 3 in which the spiral groove 5 is provided is 20 mm.
It has been found that it is preferable to form the spiral groove 5 over substantially the entire length except the above, or excluding the tip portion of the inner needle 3.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of the puncture needle of this embodiment.

The puncture needle 6 of the present embodiment is a biopsy puncture needle, and like the puncture needle 1 of FIG. 1, is a tubular outer needle 7 and is slidably inserted into the outer needle 7 during puncture. Rod-shaped inner needle 8
It has and. In this case, when puncturing, the inner needle 8
Is inserted into the outer needle 7 to a position where the tip of the needle slightly projects from the tip of the outer needle 7. The tips of the outer needle 7 and the inner needle 8 are sharply formed, and the tip portions of the outer needle 2 and the inner needle 8 are provided with blade portions 9 and 10, respectively.

In the puncture needle 6 of this embodiment,
Just like the puncture needle 1 of FIG. 1, a spiral groove 11 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle 8, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle 8 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle 7 on the tip side of the spiral groove 11 are mutually The sliding contact portion 12 is in sliding contact over the entire circumference. The width dimension and the like of the spiral groove 11 are the same as those of the spiral groove 5 of the puncture needle 1 of FIG.

Also in the puncture needle 6 of this embodiment, a sharp image can be obtained at the time of puncture by using the ultrasonic imaging device, and the puncture site can be easily recognized, just like the puncture needle 1 in FIG. .

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory vertical sectional view of the puncture needle of this embodiment.

The puncture needle 13 of this embodiment is, for example, a puncture needle for injecting a drug solution, and the inner needle 1 inserted in a tubular outer needle 14 is used.
A plurality of annular grooves 16 (recesses) inclined with respect to the axial direction of the inner needle 15 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle 15 in the vicinity of the distal end of the puncture needle 13 with axial intervals. The inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the tips of the needle 15 and the outer needle 14 are slidable contact portions 17 that slidably contact each other over the entire circumference.

In this case, the annular grooves 16 are arranged such that those adjacent to each other in the radial direction of the inner needle 15 (as viewed in the vertical direction of FIG. 6) overlap each other. Also, each annular groove 1
6, the spiral groove 5 of the puncture needle 1 of FIG. 1 is formed such that the width of the opening is smaller than the inner depth side.

In the puncture needle 13 of this embodiment,
At the time of puncturing, an annular air layer is formed by each annular groove 16 without being lost by body fluid or the like, and by the formation of the air layer, a clear puncture needle using an ultrasonic imaging device similar to the puncture needle 1 in FIG. 13 images are obtained. In this case, since the annular grooves 16 are arranged such that those adjacent to each other when viewed in the radial direction of the inner needle 15 (as viewed in the vertical direction of FIG. 6) overlap with each other, the puncture needle 1 of FIG. Similarly, a continuous image in the longitudinal direction of the puncture needle 13 is obtained, and the puncture site of the puncture needle 13 can be easily confirmed.

In this embodiment, the annular groove 16 inclined with respect to the axial direction of the inner needle 15 is provided, but as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 6, the annular groove 16 'is concentric with the inner needle 15. May be provided. Further, in the present embodiment, the puncture needle for injecting a drug solution has been described, but also in the biopsy puncture needle, by forming an annular groove in the same manner as in the present embodiment,
A clear image of the puncture needle can be obtained.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of the puncture needle of this embodiment.

The puncture needle 18 of this embodiment is, for example, a puncture needle for injecting a drug solution, and the inner needle 2 inserted in the tubular outer needle 19 is used.
On the outer peripheral surface of No. 0, a plurality of circular recesses 21 are formed in the vicinity of the tip of the puncture needle 18, and the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the tip of the inner needle 20 and the outer needle 19 surround each other all around. The sliding contact portion 22 is in sliding contact with the entire surface. In this case, each recess 21
The diameter and the depth are approximately the same as the width W1 and the groove depth D of the spiral groove 5 of the puncture needle 1 in FIG. 1, for example. The diameter of the opening of each recess 21 is smaller than that of the inner side.

In the puncture needle 18 of this embodiment,
At the time of puncturing, an air layer is scatteredly formed by each recess 21 without being lost by body fluid or the like, and by forming the air layer, a clear puncture is made by using the ultrasonic imaging device as in the puncture needle 1 of FIG. An image of the needle 18 is obtained. Therefore, the puncture needle 1
It is possible to easily confirm the puncture points of 8.

In each of the embodiments described above, the spiral groove, the annular groove and the recess are provided on the inner needle of the puncture needle. However, such a spiral groove, the annular groove and the recess are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle. Needless to say, it may be formed, or a spiral groove, an annular groove, or a recess may be formed on both the outer peripheral surface of the outer needle and the inner peripheral surface of the inner needle.

In the present embodiment, the inner needle and the outer needle are made of stainless steel. However, especially in the case of a puncture needle for injecting a liquid medicine, as long as the rigidity can be secured, it is made of a resin material or the like. Good.

[0046]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the concave portions extending or scattered are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle, and ultrasonic waves for imaging at the time of puncture are provided. By forming an air layer that reflects light from the concave portion between the outer needle and the inner needle, when the human body is punctured, a clear image of the punctured needle can be obtained using an ultrasonic imaging device. The puncture site can be easily recognized. Since the puncture site can be easily recognized in this way, the puncture needle can be reliably and easily punctured at a desired site.

Further, the outer needle and the inner needle are provided at their distal ends with sliding contact portions whose inner and outer peripheral surfaces are in sliding contact with each other over the entire circumference, and are separated from the sliding contact portions to the rear end side of the outer needle and the inner needle. By providing the recessed portion at the position, it is possible to prevent body fluid or the like from entering the recessed portion from the tip of the puncture needle during puncture, and to secure an air layer by the recessed portion. An image of the puncture needle using the device can be reliably obtained.

Further, by forming the opening of the recess so as to be smaller than the inner depth side thereof, even if the body fluid enters the position of the recess during puncturing, the recess is filled with the body fluid. It is possible to avoid such a situation that the air layer is formed by the concave portion, and thus it is possible to reliably obtain an image of the puncture needle using the ultrasonic imaging apparatus.

Further, it is preferable that the concave portion is constituted by a spiral groove or a plurality of annular grooves. Especially, when the concave portion is constituted by a spiral groove, since the air layer is continuous in the longitudinal direction of the puncture needle, the puncture needle is punctured. It is possible to obtain a continuous image in the longitudinal direction of the needle, which allows the puncture site of the puncture needle to be recognized very easily and reliably.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a puncture needle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an image diagram showing an image obtained by using an ultrasonic imaging apparatus when the puncture needle of FIG. 1 is punctured into a human body.

FIG. 4 is an image diagram showing an image obtained by using an ultrasonic imaging apparatus when a conventional puncture needle is punctured into a human body.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a puncture needle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a puncture needle according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a puncture needle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a conventional puncture needle.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,6,13,18 ... puncture needle, 2,7,14,19 ... outer needle, 3,8,15,20 ... inner needle, 5,11 ... spiral groove (recess), 16,16 '... annular groove (Recessed portion), 21 ... Recessed portion.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Yasuo Majima 7-9-12 Higashiaigawa-cho, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka Within Kurume digestive organ clinic (72) Inventor Hiroshi Hasegawa 6528 Koibuchi, Tomobe-cho, Nishi-Ibaraki-gun, Ibaraki Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital (72) Inventor Katsuyuki Hosoda 19-10 Senju Nakaicho, Adachi-ku, Tokyo Inside Top Co., Ltd.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A medical puncture needle comprising a tubular outer needle having a blade at its tip and a rod-shaped inner needle slidably inserted to the tip of the outer needle when puncturing. An inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or an outer peripheral surface of the inner needle is provided with a concave portion extending or scattered along the peripheral surface in the vicinity of the tip of the needle, and an air layer that reflects ultrasonic waves for imaging during puncture is provided. A medical puncture needle characterized in that it is formed by the recess between the outer needle and the inner needle. 2. A tip end portion of the outer needle and the inner needle is provided with a sliding contact portion whose inner and outer peripheral surfaces are in sliding contact with each other over the entire circumference, and the recess is formed from the sliding contact portion to the outer needle and the inner needle. The medical puncture needle according to claim 1, wherein the medical puncture needle is provided at a position spaced apart from the rear end side. 3. The medical puncture needle according to claim 1, wherein the opening of the recess is formed so as to be smaller than the inner depth side thereof. 4. The at least one spiral groove formed in the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle, wherein the recess is formed by at least one spiral groove. The medical puncture needle described. 5. The recess is constituted by a plurality of annular grooves formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer needle or on the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle at intervals in the axial direction thereof. Item 4. A medical puncture needle according to any one of Items 1 to 3.