JP3164653U - Permanent magnet rotary motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a permanent magnet type rotary electric motor that reduces vibration noise and improves electric motor operation efficiency. A permanent magnet rotary motor 20 includes a stator, a rotor, and a rotating shaft. The rotor forms a plurality of rotor magnetic poles 221, and each rotor magnetic pole 221 is provided with an arc surface 223 and first and second inclined steps 224 and 225 extending from both sides of the arc surface. Further, the second inclined step 225 adjacent to the rotor magnetic pole is connected by a cutting step 226 to form a recessed space 227. A plurality of magnets are installed in each rotor magnetic pole, and both ends of each magnet are installed at locations close to the two second inclined steps 225. The center portion of each magnet is recessed inward toward the center of the rotor, and the entire permanent magnet type motor reduces the amount of magnetic flux, lowers the harmonic component including the electromotive force waveform, and improves the efficiency of the motor. A plurality of tank holes 24 are provided on each rotor magnetic pole. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a permanent magnet rotary motor, and provides a permanent magnet rotary motor that reduces vibration noise and improves motor operation efficiency.

  Currently, in the industry, when power is supplied to drive a machine, rotation or other types of motion are used, usually with a motor as the source of power. Since motors convert electrical energy or magnetic energy into mechanical energy, motors are widely applied in various industries, electrical products, transportation systems and other equipment, and are indispensable equipment.

  Motors are roughly classified into direct current, alternating current, brushed, and brushless types. In general, the structure of a motor is composed of a rotor and a stator. After the rotational motion of the rotor proceeds by the magnetic flux distribution of the rotor and the stator, and the rotational motion is conducted, mechanical energy is provided. . Among them, a permanent magnet type motor that uses magnetic characteristics of a magnet and uses magnetic flux is used. Permanent magnet motors are attracting attention in the market because they generate relatively large torque and mechanical energy in a finite space and have high precision.

FIG. 1 is a structural view of a known permanent magnet motor 10, which includes a rotor 11 and a stator 12. The rotor 11 is provided with a plurality of magnets 111, and the stator 12 forms an annular structure. Further, a plurality of stator magnetic poles 121 are provided on the inner edge. A coil is wound around the stator magnetic poles 121 and the rotor 11 and the stator 12 are fitted to each other. A gap is formed between them. When the coil is energized, the stator magnetic poles 121 made of a magnetically conductive material interact with each other by the magnet 111 of the rotor 11 to generate rotational movement. The rotor 11 includes a mandrel 13 so that when the rotor 11 rotates, it conducts mechanical energy and is easy to use.

  Among them, the rotor 11 shown in FIG. 1 includes a plurality of rotor magnetic poles 112, and a four-pole motor is taken as an example as shown in the figure. Therefore, four rotor magnetic poles 112 are provided, and each rotor magnetic pole 112 has an arcuate surface 113. The distance from the arc line surface 113 to the center O1 of the rotor 11 gradually decreases from the center point 113a to both side sides 113b and 113c, and a concave tank 114 is provided between the arc line surfaces 113. The gap between the arcuate surface 113 and the stator magnetic pole 121 is the smallest, and the gap between the concave tank 114 and the stator magnetic pole 121 is the largest. Therefore, the magnetic flux concentrates (magnetic flux A) on the stator magnetic pole 121a near the center point 113a of the arcuate surface 113, and the magnetic flux (magnetic flux B) passing through the stator magnetic poles 121b and 121c is easily conjugated. As a result, the electromotive force for sensing electromotive force in the winding portion of the stator is reduced. In this situation, in order to increase the sensing electromotive force at the stator winding location, the number of turns of the stator winding must be increased. The copper loss is increased by the child winding, and the efficiency of the electric motor cannot be sufficiently increased.

  Furthermore, in the known permanent magnet motor 10, the magnetic field formed when energized is excited almost completely becomes a passage through the motor rotor with a low reactance route by the stator magnetic pole 121 portion between the magnet 111 and the outer edge of the rotor. . The magnetic field directly exerts a strong demagnetizing effect on the reverse rotor rotation direction portion of the motor magnet, weakens the magnetic field strength of the rotor magnetic pole, and the rotor magnetic pole magnetic field has an asymmetric distribution.

    The problem to be solved is that vibration noise is likely to occur and the motor operation efficiency is poor.

  The present invention installs a stator, a rotor and a rotating shaft. The rotor forms a plurality of rotor magnetic poles, and each rotor magnetic pole is provided with an arc surface and first and second inclined steps extending from both sides of the arc surface. Further, the second inclined step adjacent to the rotor magnetic pole is connected by a cutting step to form a recessed space. A plurality of magnets are installed in each rotor magnetic pole, and both end portions of each magnet are installed at locations close to the two second inclined steps. The center portion of each magnet is recessed inward toward the center of the rotor, and the entire permanent magnet type motor reduces the amount of magnetic flux, lowers the harmonic component including the electromotive force waveform, and improves the efficiency of the motor. The most important feature is to install a plurality of tank holes on each rotor magnetic pole.

  The permanent magnet type rotary electric motor of the present invention has the advantages of reducing vibration noise and improving electric motor operation efficiency.

It is a structure instruction | indication figure of the rotor and stator in a well-known general permanent magnet type motor. It is a structure instruction | indication figure of the rotor and stator of the permanent magnet type motor of this invention. It is a structure instruction | indication figure of the rotor of this invention. FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged structure instruction diagram of a rotor and a stator according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a structural instruction diagram of different types of magnets of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a structural instruction diagram of different types of magnets of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a structural instruction diagram of different types of magnets of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a structural instruction diagram of different types of magnets of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a structural instruction diagram of different types of magnets of the present invention. It is an expanded structure instruction | indication figure of the tank hole of this invention. It is another structure instruction | indication figure of the rotor and stator of the permanent magnet type motor of this invention.

  The main object of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet type rotary electric motor that reduces vibration noise and improves electric motor operation efficiency.

  The permanent magnet electric motor of the present invention is provided with a stator, a rotor and a rotating shaft. The rotor forms a plurality of rotor magnetic poles, and each rotor magnetic pole is provided with an arc surface and first and second inclined stages extending to both sides of the arc surface. Further, between the second inclined steps of the adjacent rotor magnetic poles, a tangential step is connected to form a recessed space. A plurality of magnets are installed in each rotor magnetic pole, and both end portions of each magnet are installed at locations close to the two second inclined steps.

  Among them, a plurality of tank holes (even numbers are good) are installed on each rotor magnetic pole. A magnet installed in parallel in the rotor magnetic pole prevents the rotor from rotating in the reverse direction and reduces the amount of the magnetic field.When a heavy load is applied to the motor, the magnet does not form a too strong electron reaction. Lowers the magnetic field strength of the rotor magnetic poles and increases the motor operating efficiency without excessively weakening the magnetic field strength. In addition, by installing a plurality of tank holes, the rotational inertia amount of each rotor magnetic pole is reduced, and when the motor rotor rotates at high speed, the amount of centrifugal force generated by each rotor magnetic pole is reduced, and vibration noise is also reduced.

  The present invention is mainly an improvement of a rotor in a general permanent magnet motor. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the permanent magnet motor 20 includes a stator 21, a rotor 22, and a rotating shaft 23. including. Of which

  The stator 21 includes an annular main body 211 and a plurality of stator magnetic poles 212. Each stator magnetic pole 212 protrudes into the main body 211, and a storage space 213 is formed in each stator magnetic pole 212. To do.

  The rotor 22 is installed in the storage space 213, and includes a gap between the stator magnetic poles 212. The rotor 22 forms a plurality of rotor magnetic poles 221, and each rotor magnetic pole 221 includes A magnet 222 is installed.

  The plurality of rotor magnetic poles 221 are installed in an even number, and in this embodiment, a four-pole motor is taken as an example. Therefore, four rotor magnetic poles 221 are provided. Each rotor magnetic pole 221 is provided with an arc surface 223 and first and second inclined steps 224 and 225 that extend outward on both sides of the arc surface 223, and the adjacent second inclined steps 225 are connected by a cutting line step 226 to be recessed. A space 227 is formed.

  A plurality of magnets 222 are installed in each rotor magnetic pole 221, and both end portions 222 a and 222 b of each magnet 222 are installed at locations close to the two second inclined steps 225, and a central portion of each magnet 222 is a rotor. A V-shape that is recessed inward in the center portion O2 is formed. Naturally, each magnet may be of a different type, and as shown in FIG. 5, the central portion of each magnet 222 may be in an arc shape recessed inward at the central portion O2 of the rotor 22, and each rotor magnetic pole as shown in FIG. One or more magnets 222 may be installed in the 221. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 7, the center part of each magnet 222 is recessed inwardly toward the center portion O2 of the rotor 22, and the center part of the magnet 222 is a flat part 222c, and both end parts 222a and 222b on both sides are outside. You may extend towards. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the central portion of each magnet 222 is recessed inwardly toward the center portion O2 of the rotor 22, the central portion of the magnet 222 is a curved portion 222d, and the curved portion 222d is the central portion O2 of the rotor 22. Projecting in the direction, both end portions 222a and 222b on both sides expand outward. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, all the magnets 222 may be flat.

  The plurality of tank holes 24 are installed on each rotor magnetic pole 221. The number of the tank holes 24 may be an even number. Further, the portion of the magnet 222 extends toward the stator magnetic pole 212. As shown in FIG. 10, the width (w) of the tank hole 24 is larger than the minimum gap (g), that is, w> g. The distance (h1, h2) between the both ends of the tank hole 24 and the magnet 222 and the stator magnetic pole 212 is equal to or greater than 0.5 mm. Naturally, the outer mold of each tank hole may be the above-mentioned various types of magnets, and a straight line or a curve or a straight line and a curve may be formed simultaneously.

  The rotating shaft 23 is installed at the central location O <b> 2 of the rotor 22 and is connected to and integrated with the rotor 22.

  Among them, the inclination rate of the first inclination step 224 is smaller than the inclination rate of the second inclination step 225, and the second inclination step 225 is parallel to the magnet ends 222 a and 222 b, and the arc surface 223 is formed on the rotor 22. It is the same as the distance (D1) of the central location O2. Further, the distance (D2) from the first inclined stage 224 to the center location O2 of the rotor 22 is slightly increased from the arc surface 223 toward the second inclined stage 225, and from the second inclined stage 225 to the center location O2 of the rotor 22. (D3) gradually increases from the first slope step 224 to the cut line step 226. Therefore, the distance from the rotor magnetic pole 221 to the center location O2 of the rotor 22 gradually increases from the arc surface 223 (D1) toward the tangent step 226 (D4). When the included angle formed by each arc surface 223 is θ and the number of rotor magnetic poles is P, it satisfies the condition of (120 / P) degrees ≦ θ ≦ (200 / P) degrees. In this embodiment, since the number of the rotor magnetic poles is 4, 30 degrees ≦ θ ≦ 50 degrees.

  Further, a plurality of vent holes 228 may be provided on the rotor 22 and rivet holes 229 may be drilled there, and the structural strength of the rotor 22 may be increased or the rivet holes may not be drilled. If the air hole 228 is left in a hollow state, the rotational inertia amount of the rotor is reduced, and a heat dissipation action is provided. Of course, the present invention may be a distributed winding method as shown in FIG. 2 or a concentrated winding method as shown in FIG.

The present invention has the following advantages over known motor structures.
Since the arc surface of the inventive rotor is the same as the distance of the rotor center, the magnetic flux does not concentrate.

  For the recessed space formed between the rotors, the distance from the rotor center gradually increases from the arc surface toward the tangential line, thereby reducing the amount of magnetic flux and lowering the harmonic components including the electromotive force waveform. Increase the efficiency of the electric motor.

  By installing multiple tank holes, magnets installed in parallel in the rotor magnetic poles reduce the reverse rotation of the rotor and reduce the magnetic field, creating an electron reaction that is too strong even when the motor is under heavy load operation Without lowering the magnetic field, the rotor pole magnetic field strength does not decrease excessively, and the motor operation efficiency is increased.

  Installation of a plurality of tank holes reduces the rotational inertia amount of each rotor magnetic pole, and when the motor rotor rotates at high speed, the amount of centrifugal force generated by each rotor magnetic pole is reduced, and vibration noise is reduced.

The plurality of air holes provided on the rotor reduce the rotational inertia of the rotor and form a heat dissipation effect.

By forming rivet holes in each air hole, the structural strength of the rotor is increased.

  The technical contents and technical features of the present invention are as described above, but those skilled in this field may implement various replacement modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the invention based on the presentation of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and includes various substitutions and modifications that do not depart from the present invention, and belongs to the following claims.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Permanent magnet type motor 11 Rotor 111 Magnet 112 Rotor magnetic pole 113 Arc line surface 113a Center point 113b Side 113c Side 114 Indented tank 12 Stator 121 Stator magnetic pole 121a Stator magnetic pole 121b Stator magnetic pole 121c Stator magnetic pole 13 Core shaft 20 Permanent magnet motor 21 Stator 211 Annular main body 212 Stator magnetic pole 213 Storage space 22 Rotor 221 Rotor magnetic pole 222 Magnet 222a End portion 222b End portion 222c Straight portion 222d Curved portion 223 Arc surface 224 First Inclined step 225 Second inclined step 226 Cut line step 227 Recessed space 228 Vent hole 229 Rivet hole 23 Rotating shaft 24 Tank hole

Claims (10)

In permanent magnet rotary motors,
An annular main body and a plurality of stator magnetic poles, and each stator magnetic pole protrudes inside the main body, and a stator that forms a storage space inside each stator magnetic pole;
A rotor which is a substantially circular single body, is installed in the storage space, has a gap between each stator magnetic pole, and forms a plurality of rotor magnetic poles so that a magnet is installed in each rotor magnetic pole. When,
The first and second inclined steps extending from the arc surface and both sides of the arc surface are installed, and the adjacent second inclined steps are connected by a tangential step to form a recessed space, and the inclination rate of the first inclined step is the first A plurality of rotor magnetic poles smaller than the gradient of the two gradient stages;
A plurality of magnets installed in each rotor magnetic pole, and each end portion is installed at a location close to two second inclined stages,
A plurality of tank holes installed on each rotor magnetic pole and extending from the magnet location to the stator magnetic pole location;
A permanent magnet rotary electric motor comprising a rotary shaft that is installed at a central portion of a rotor and is connected to the rotor to form an integral body.   When the depression angle of the arc surface formation is θ and the number of rotor magnetic poles is P, the condition of (120 / P) degrees ≦ θ ≦ (200 / P) degrees is satisfied, and P is an even number. The permanent magnet type rotary electric motor according to claim 1.   The permanent magnet rotary electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the second inclined stage is parallel to both ends of the magnet.   Each magnet central portion is recessed inwardly into the rotor central portion and is a flat portion, and both end portions on both sides extend outwardly or are recessed inwardly into the rotor central portion and are curved portions. 4. The permanent magnet type rotary electric motor according to claim 3, wherein the curved portion protrudes outward toward the center of the rotor, and both end portions on both sides extend outward.   The permanent magnet type rotary electric motor according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of air holes are provided on the rotor.   6. The permanent magnet rotary electric motor according to claim 5, wherein the vent hole has a rivet hole formed therein.   Each magnet central portion is recessed in the rotor central portion to form a V shape, or a concave arc shape is formed in the rotor central portion, or each magnet is formed flat. The permanent magnet type rotary electric motor according to claim 1.   The permanent magnet rotary electric motor according to claim 1, wherein a width of the tank hole is larger than a minimum gap.   2. The permanent magnet type rotary electric motor according to claim 1, wherein a gap between the two ends of the tank hole and the magnet and the stator magnetic pole is equal to or greater than 0.5 mm.   2. The permanent magnet type rotary electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the number of the tank holes is an even number.