M4U/544 五、新型說明·· 【新型所屬之技術領域】 係有關一種永磁式電動機，在提供一種可減少 動噪曰並提升電動機操作效率之永磁式回轉電動機。震 【先前技術】 產業界中’常需要提供動力以驅動機械做旋轉、哎 將電能或磁能轉換成為機械能，=可 电器運輸系統等裝置上，已成為一種不可或缺的設備。 ^達大致可分為直流、交流、有刷、或無刷等型式一 而& ’馬達之結構係、由—轉子以及_定子所組成藉由 子及定子_额料，促使轉子進行旋轉運動，將此旋轉 運動傳導出來之後，便可提供所需之機械能。其_ ,利用磁 鐵本身具有雜之特色’純運用提供磁通者，係為永磁式 馬達，由於永磁式馬達可在有限的體積内形成較大之轉矩、 效能及精確度亦較高，故在市場上受到矚目。 請參閱第一圖所示為習知永磁式馬達1〇之結構示意 圖，其包含一轉子11以及一定子12，該轉子u上設置有複 數個磁鐵11卜而定子12則呈一環狀結構，且於内緣上環設 有複數個定子磁極12卜定子磁極121上則可繞設有線圈， 待轉子11與定子12相互套設之後，轉子u與定子12之間 ，即產生一 恰形成一氣隙，當線圈通有電流時，由導磁性材質所製成之 定子磁極121藉由轉子u之磁鐵nl彼此作用 3 M407544 旋轉運動；該轉子11可另具有一心軸13，以便在轉子u進 行旋轉運動時，將機械能傳導出來，供作進一步之使用。 其中’第一圖所示之轉子11中，其具有複數轉子磁極 112’如圖所示係以四極馬達為例，故具有四個轉子磁極ι12， 且各轉子磁極112係具弧線表面113，該弧線表面113上至 轉子11中心01之距離’由中心點自兩側邊U3b、113c 漸減’故於各弧線表面113間則具有一凹槽114，使得該弧-線表面113與定子磁極121之間隙變短，而凹槽114與定子 磁極121之間隙增大。因此，在相對弧線表面113中心點U3a φ 附近之定子磁極121a磁束會集中（磁束A),磁性很容易飽 合，而通過定子磁極12lb、121c之磁束（磁束B)會減少，定 子繞線處感應起之起電力會降低。在此情形之下，為了增大 在定子繞線處感應起之起電力，必須增加定子繞線之圈數， 但是增加定子繞線之圈數時，以定子繞線所致之銅損會增 加，因此無法充分提高電動機之效率。 且習知永磁式馬達10通電激磁時所構成之磁場，幾乎完 全以磁鐵111與轉子外緣間定子磁極121部份之低磁阻路φ 徑，作為其通過電動機轉子之通路，此磁場直接對電動機磁‘ 鐵逆轉子旋轉方向部份，造成強烈之退磁效應，使轉子磁極 磁％強度減弱’並造成轉子磁極磁場之不對稱分佈。 【新型内容】 本創作係之主要目的即在提供一種可減少震動噪音並提 升電動機操作效率之永磁式回轉電動機。 本創作之永磁式電動機係設有：定子、轉子以及轉軸， M407544 該轉子並形成有複數轉子磁極，而各轉子磁極係設有一弧表 面以及弧表面兩側延伸之第一、二傾斜段，而相鄰轉子磁極 之第二傾斜段間則以一切線段連接而構成凹陷空間，複數磁 鐵係設於各轉子磁極中，且各磁鐵之兩端部則設於靠近二第 二傾斜段處。 其中，各轉子磁極上並設有複數槽孔（以偶數個為佳）’ *可減少其平行於轉子磁極中磁鐵於逆轉子旋轉方向部份磁場 .之退磁磁場分量，使電動機於重負載操作時，仍不會構成太 _強之電樞反應退磁磁場，以不使轉子極磁場之強度過度減 弱，以提高電動機操作效率，此外複數個槽孔之設置，尚可 減少每一轉子磁極之旋轉慣量，使電動機轉子於高速旋轉 時，減少每一轉子磁極所產生之離心力量，以減少震動噪音。 【實施方式】 本創作之特點，可參閱本案圖式及實施例之詳細說明而 k獲得清楚地瞭解。 • 本創作主要針對一般永磁式電動機中之轉子加以改良， 如第二圖至第四圖所示，該永磁式電動機20係包含有：定子 21、轉子22以及轉軸23 ;其中： 該定子21係具有一環狀主體部211以及複數定子磁極 212，各定子磁極212係凸設於該主體部211内部，而各定子 磁極212内並形成有一容置空間213。 該轉子22係設置於該容置空間213中，並與各定子磁極 212間具有氣隙，該轉子22箄形成有複數轉子磁極221，而 各轉子磁極221中並設有磁鐵222。 M407544 複數轉子磁極221之數量係為偶數設置，而本實施係以 四極馬達為例，故具有四個轉子磁極221，各轉子磁極221 係設有一弧表面223以及弧表崙223兩側依序向外延伸之第 一、二傾斜段224、225,而相鄰第二傾斜段225間則以一切 線段226連接而構成凹陷空間227。 複數磁鐵222 ’係設於各轉子磁極221中，且各磁鐵222 之兩端部222a、222b則設於靠近二第二傾斜段225處，而各· 磁鐵222中央部份係朝轉子22中心處〇2内凹而略呈v字型； 當然，各磁鐵亦可為不同形式，如第五圖（A)所示，各磁鐵_ 222中央部份係朝轉子22中心處〇2内凹而呈弧型；亦可於 各轉子磁極221中設有-個以上之磁鐵挪，如第五圖⑻所 示；而如第五圖⑹所示’各磁鐵222中央部份係朝轉子22 中心處02内凹，且該磁鐵222中央部份係為平直部222c , 而兩側之兩端部222a、222b則向外擴張之形式；亦可如第五 圖（D)所示，各磁鐵222中央部份係朝轉子22中心處〇2内 凹，且該磁鐵222巾央部份係為彎弧部222d，且該f弧部222d · 係朝轉子22中心處02外凸’而兩側之兩端部ma、22此則_ 向外擴張之形式；再者，各磁鐵222亦可直接形成平直狀，· 如第五圖（E)所示。 複數槽孔24，係設於各轉子磁極221上，_孔24之 數量以偶數個為佳，且由該磁鐵222處朝定子磁極212處延 伸’請同時參閱第六圖所示，該槽孔24之寬度⑷係大於最 小氣隙（g)亦即w>g，該槽孔24二端部分別與該磁鐵 二及該定子磁極212之間距（hl、⑻係大於或等於α 5麵， 當然各槽孔之外型可以上述各種不同型式之磁鐵，而形成直 6 M407544 線或曲線或直線及曲線同時呈現； 一轉轴23,係設於轉子22之中心處02,與轉子22連接 為一體。 其中，該第一傾斜段224,之斜率係小於第二傾斜段225 之斜率，而第二傾斜段225係與磁鐵兩端部222a、22此相互 平行，使得弧表面223至轉子22之中心處〇2之距離（D1)相 同，而第一傾斜段224至轉子22之中心處〇2之距離（D2)， 由弧表面223朝第二傾斜段225漸增，而二傾斜段225至轉 子22之中心處02之距離⑽，由第一傾斜段⑵朝切線段 226漸增，故轉子磁極221至轉子22之中心處〇2之距離， 係由弧表面223⑽朝切線段226⑽逐漸增加，而每一孤表 面223所形成之炎角W，使轉子磁極之數量為p時其滿 二（120/P)度( 200/P)度之條件，而如本圖實施例 中，該轉子磁極之數量為4，故30度蕊0蕊5〇度p 再者，該轉子22上係進一步設有複數通氣孔⑽，並可 穿設有娜釘孔229’可加強轉子22之結構強度，或不穿設娜 228之空洞狀態時，可減少轉子之轉動 :之當然，本創作可適用於如第二圖 所不之分布捲繞方式，或者可用於集中捲繞方式 七圖 所示。 列優^得—提的是，本創作相較於習有電動機結構係具有下 心之距離皆相同，使 1、本創作轉子之弧表面係與轉子中 得磁束不會集中。 心之距離係 2、各轉子間所形成之凹陷空間，其與轉子中 7 m4〇7544 由弧表面朝切線段逐漸増加，可減少磁束量的改變，進而降 低起電力波形含有之高次諧波成分，以充分提高電動效 率。 、3、複數槽孔之設置可減少其平行於轉子磁極中磁鐵於 逆轉子旋轉方向部份磁場之退磁磁場分量，使電動機於重負 栽操作時，仍不會構成太強之電樞反應退磁磁場以不使轉 子極磁場之強度過度減弱，以提高電動機操作效率。 4、 複數個槽孔之設置，尚可減少每—轉子磁極之旋轉慣 量，使電動機轉子於高速旋轉時，減少每—轉子磁極所產生 之離心力量，以減少震動噪音。 5、 轉子上所設置之複數通氣孔，可減少轉子之 量’並可作為散熱之用。 6、於各通氣孔穿設有鉚釘孔，可加強轉子之結構強度。 本創作之技術内容及技術特點巳揭示如上，然太 項技術之人士仍可能基於本創作之揭示而作各種不背^案 創作精神之替換及修飾。因此，本創作 於 :施例所揭示者，而應包括各種不背離本創==· 飾’並為以下之申請專利範圍所涵蓋。 、 . 【圖式簡單說明】M4U/544 V. New Description·· 【New Technical Fields 】 A permanent magnet type motor is provided with a permanent magnet type rotary motor that can reduce the noise and improve the operating efficiency of the motor. [Previous technology] In the industry, it is often necessary to provide power to drive machinery to rotate, to convert electrical energy or magnetic energy into mechanical energy, and to become an indispensable device for devices such as electrical transportation systems. ^Da can be roughly divided into DC, AC, brushed, or brushless type and & 'Motor structure, composed of - rotor and _ stator, by the stator and stator - fortune, to promote the rotor to rotate, After this rotational motion is conducted, the required mechanical energy can be provided. Its _, the use of the magnet itself has a heterogeneous feature 'pure use to provide magnetic flux, is a permanent magnet motor, because the permanent magnet motor can form a large torque in a limited volume, efficiency and accuracy is also high, Therefore, it has attracted attention in the market. Please refer to the first figure for a schematic diagram of a conventional permanent magnet motor 1 ,, which comprises a rotor 11 and a stator 12, the rotor u is provided with a plurality of magnets 11 and the stator 12 has a ring structure. And a plurality of stator poles 12 are arranged on the inner edge of the inner ring. The stator poles 121 can be wound around the stator poles. After the rotor 11 and the stator 12 are sleeved with each other, an air gap is formed between the rotor u and the stator 12. When the coil is energized, the stator poles 121 made of a magnetically conductive material are rotated by the magnets n1 of the rotor u to each other 3 M407544; the rotor 11 may further have a mandrel 13 for rotating motion in the rotor u The mechanical energy is conducted out for further use. The rotor 11 shown in the first figure has a plurality of rotor poles 112' as shown in the figure. The four-pole motor is taken as an example, so that there are four rotor poles 126, and each rotor pole 112 has an arc surface 113. The distance 'from the arc surface 113 to the center 01 of the rotor 11' is gradually decreased from the side edges U3b, 113c by the center point. Therefore, there is a groove 114 between the arc surfaces 113 so that the arc-line surface 113 and the stator pole 121 are The gap becomes shorter and the gap between the groove 114 and the stator pole 121 increases. Therefore, the magnetic flux of the stator magnetic pole 121a near the center point U3a φ of the opposite arc surface 113 is concentrated (magnetic beam A), the magnetic force is easily saturated, and the magnetic flux (magnetic flux B) passing through the stator magnetic poles 12lb, 121c is reduced, and the stator winding is The power will be reduced when the sensor is activated. Under this circumstance, in order to increase the electric power induced at the stator winding, it is necessary to increase the number of turns of the stator winding, but when the number of turns of the stator winding is increased, the copper loss caused by the stator winding increases. Therefore, the efficiency of the motor cannot be sufficiently improved. Moreover, the magnetic field formed by the conventional permanent magnet motor 10 when energized is almost completely the diameter of the low reluctance path φ of the stator pole 121 between the magnet 111 and the outer edge of the rotor, as the path through the rotor of the motor, the magnetic field is directly The motor magnetic 'iron reverses the direction of rotation of the rotor, causing a strong demagnetization effect, which weakens the magnetic strength of the rotor poles' and causes an asymmetrical distribution of the magnetic field of the rotor poles. [New content] The main purpose of this creation department is to provide a permanent magnet type rotary motor that can reduce vibration noise and improve the operating efficiency of the motor. The permanent magnet motor of the present invention is provided with: a stator, a rotor and a rotating shaft, M407544. The rotor is formed with a plurality of rotor magnetic poles, and each rotor magnetic pole is provided with an arc surface and first and second inclined sections extending on both sides of the arc surface. The second inclined sections of the adjacent rotor magnetic poles are connected by all the line segments to form a recessed space. The plurality of magnets are disposed in the rotor poles, and the two ends of the magnets are disposed adjacent to the second and second inclined sections. Wherein, a plurality of slots are preferably provided on each of the rotor poles (the number of which is preferably an even number) '* can reduce the demagnetizing magnetic field component of the magnet in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the magnet in the rotor pole, so that the motor operates under heavy load At the same time, it still does not constitute a too strong _ strong armature reaction demagnetizing magnetic field, so as not to weaken the strength of the rotor pole magnetic field to improve the operating efficiency of the motor, in addition to the setting of a plurality of slots, the rotation of each rotor pole can be reduced The inertia reduces the centrifugal force generated by the magnetic pole of each rotor when the rotor of the motor rotates at high speed to reduce the vibration noise. [Embodiment] The characteristics of this creation can be clearly understood by referring to the detailed description of the drawings and the examples. • The present invention is mainly directed to a rotor in a general permanent magnet motor. As shown in the second to fourth figures, the permanent magnet motor 20 includes a stator 21, a rotor 22, and a rotating shaft 23, wherein: the stator The 21 series has an annular main body portion 211 and a plurality of stator magnetic poles 212. The stator magnetic poles 212 are protruded from the main body portion 211, and an accommodation space 213 is formed in each of the stator magnetic poles 212. The rotor 22 is disposed in the accommodating space 213 and has an air gap with each of the stator poles 212. The rotor 22 is formed with a plurality of rotor poles 221, and a magnet 222 is disposed in each of the rotor poles 221. M407544 The number of the plurality of rotor poles 221 is an even number. In this embodiment, the four-pole motor is taken as an example, so that there are four rotor poles 221, and each rotor pole 221 is provided with an arc surface 223 and both sides of the arc 223. The first and second inclined sections 224 and 225 are extended outward, and the adjacent second inclined sections 225 are connected by all the line segments 226 to form a recessed space 227. The plurality of magnets 222' are disposed in the respective rotor poles 221, and both end portions 222a, 222b of the respective magnets 222 are disposed adjacent to the second second inclined sections 225, and the central portion of each of the magnets 222 is directed toward the center of the rotor 22. 〇2 is concave and slightly v-shaped; of course, the magnets can also be in different forms. As shown in the fifth figure (A), the central portion of each magnet _ 222 is concave toward the center of the rotor 22 The arc type may also be provided with more than one magnet in each rotor pole 221, as shown in the fifth figure (8); and as shown in the fifth figure (6), the central portion of each magnet 222 is toward the center of the rotor 22 02 The central portion of the magnet 222 is a flat portion 222c, and the two end portions 222a, 222b are outwardly expanded; or as shown in the fifth figure (D), the center of each magnet 222 The portion is concave toward the center of the rotor 22, and the central portion of the magnet 222 is a curved portion 222d, and the f-arc portion 222d is convex toward the center of the rotor 22, and two sides are The ends ma, 22 are then in the form of outward expansion; in addition, the magnets 222 can also be formed directly into a straight shape, as shown in the fifth figure (E). The plurality of slots 24 are disposed on the rotor poles 221, and the number of the holes 24 is preferably an even number, and the magnets 222 extend toward the stator poles 212. Please also refer to the figure 6 in the slots. The width (4) of 24 is greater than the minimum air gap (g), that is, w>g, the distance between the two ends of the slot 24 and the magnet 2 and the stator pole 212 respectively (hl, (8) is greater than or equal to α 5 plane, of course Each slot type can be formed by various types of magnets as described above, and a straight 6 M407544 line or a curve or a straight line and a curve are simultaneously presented; a rotating shaft 23 is disposed at the center 02 of the rotor 22 and is integrally connected with the rotor 22. Wherein, the slope of the first inclined section 224 is smaller than the slope of the second inclined section 225, and the second inclined section 225 is parallel to the ends 222a, 22 of the magnet so that the arc surface 223 is at the center of the rotor 22. The distance (D1) at the 〇 2 is the same, and the distance (D2) of the first inclined section 224 to the center 转子 2 of the rotor 22 is gradually increased from the arc surface 223 toward the second inclined section 225, and the two inclined sections 225 are to the rotor. The distance (10) of the center of 22 is increasing from the first inclined section (2) toward the tangential section 226, so The distance from the sub-pole 221 to the center 转子2 of the rotor 22 is gradually increased from the arc surface 223 (10) toward the tangential section 226 (10), and the yaw angle W formed by each of the orphan surfaces 223 is such that the number of rotor poles is p. (120/P) degree (200/P) degree, and as in the embodiment of the figure, the number of the rotor poles is 4, so 30 degrees of core 0 is 5 degrees p. Further, the rotor 22 is further A plurality of vent holes (10) are provided, and the nail hole 229' can be worn to strengthen the structural strength of the rotor 22, or to reduce the rotation of the rotor when the hollow state of the 228 is not worn: Of course, the creation can be applied to As shown in the second figure, the distribution winding method can be used, or it can be used in the centralized winding mode. The column is shown in Figure 7. The column is better than that, the creation has the same distance from the lower part of the motor structure. 1. The arc surface system of the rotor of the present invention and the magnetic flux in the rotor are not concentrated. The distance between the core is 2. The recessed space formed between the rotors, and the 7 m4〇7544 in the rotor gradually increases from the arc surface toward the tangent line. , which can reduce the change of the amount of magnetic flux, thereby reducing the power waveform The higher harmonic components are used to fully improve the electric efficiency. 3. The arrangement of the plurality of slots reduces the demagnetizing magnetic field component of the magnetic field in the direction parallel to the rotation of the magnet in the rotor pole, so that the motor is subjected to heavy load operation. It still does not constitute a too strong armature reaction demagnetizing magnetic field so as not to weaken the strength of the rotor pole magnetic field to improve the operating efficiency of the motor. 4. The setting of a plurality of slots can reduce the rotational inertia of each rotor pole, so that When the rotor of the motor rotates at high speed, the centrifugal force generated by the magnetic pole of each rotor is reduced to reduce the vibration noise. 5. The plurality of vent holes provided on the rotor can reduce the amount of the rotor' and can be used for heat dissipation. 6. The rivet holes are formed in each vent hole to strengthen the structural strength of the rotor. The technical content and technical characteristics of this creation reveal the above, but the people of the technology may still substitute and modify the spirit of creation based on the disclosure of this creation. Therefore, this creation is based on the disclosure of the application, and should include all kinds of deviations from the original ==· Decorations and is covered by the following patent application. , [Simplified illustration]
第一圖係為一般永磁式馬達中轉子與定子之結構示惫 示意^圖係為本創作中永磁式電動機之轉子與定子之結構 第三圖係為本創作中轉子之結構示意圖。 8The first picture shows the structure of the rotor and stator in the general permanent magnet motor. The schematic diagram is the structure of the rotor and stator of the permanent magnet motor in the creation. The third picture shows the structure of the rotor in the creation. 8