CN103326530B - 12/14 structure bearingless switched reluctance motor - Google Patents
12/14 structure bearingless switched reluctance motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103326530B CN103326530B CN201310261924.2A CN201310261924A CN103326530B CN 103326530 B CN103326530 B CN 103326530B CN 201310261924 A CN201310261924 A CN 201310261924A CN 103326530 B CN103326530 B CN 103326530B
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Abstract
A 12/14 structure bearingless switched reluctance motor is composed of a stator back yoke, a stator iron core, a suspension force winding coil, a torque winding coil, a rotor iron core and a shaft. The stator iron core is provided with the suspension force winding coil and the torque winding coil in a winding mode, wherein the suspension force winding coil is used for generating suspension force, and the torque winding coil is used for generating rotating torque. The stator back yoke is arranged on the outer side of the stator iron core, the stator back yoke is connected with the stator iron core, the rotor iron core is arranged inside the stator iron core, a gap is reserved between the stator iron core and the rotor iron core, an air gap is formed, and the shaft is arranged inside the rotor iron core. According to the 12/14 structure bearingless switched reluctance motor, the magnetic pole position of the stator iron core is adjusted, the defect of an existing 12/14 structure bearingless switched reluctance motor is overcome, in the same electrified time, electromagnetic torque is enhanced, torque ripples are reduced, and the efficiency of the motor is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention designs a kind of bearing-free switch reluctance motor, particularly a kind of novel 12/14 structure bearing-free switch reluctance motor, can be applicable to high speed, superfast driving occasion.
Background technology
Along with China's sustained and rapid development of economy, various fields in industry such as high-speed machine tool, centrifuge, compressor, Aero-Space etc. all need the driving of high-speed electric expreess locomotive or super high speed motor, in the high-speed electric expreess locomotive of mechanical bearing supporting revolving shaft or super high speed motor, because rotor high-speed rotates, frictional resistance is increased, bearing wear is serious, and need periodic maintenance, electrical machinery life is short, and produce a large amount of heats, the inefficiency of motor because of friction process.The application of air supporting and liquid bearing solves the problems rubbing and bring.But air supporting and liquid bearing need be equipped with special air pressure, hydraulic system, this makes, and electric machine structure is complicated, bulky, energy consumption is many, efficiency is low, and the fault of air pressure, hydraulic system can cause motor normally to run simultaneously, and system reliability is low.
In recent years, the no-magnetism bearing switched reluctance machines developed rapidly has without friction, without the need to mechanical lubrication, the plurality of advantages such as power output is large, cost is low, is widely used in ultrahigh speed and large-power occasions.Conventional bearing-free switch reluctance motor is generally 12/14 structure, but the motor of this structure is when realizing torque and exporting, just the winding coil of adjacent two stator torque iron cores is connected, be energized during work simultaneously, although magnetic flux path is short, but this motor is when commutation, certain phase difference can be there is in the inductance curve that two adjacent torque winding coils produce, when being energized at the same time, rightabout electromagnetic torque may be produced, this will inevitably cause the waste of energy, reduces the operating efficiency of motor.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: the deficiency overcoming existing 12/14 structure bearing-free switch reluctance motor, a kind of novel stator structure is provided, efficiently solve the problem of the rightabout torque produced due to motor commutation, in identical power cycles, increase pass range, increase electromagnetic torque, torque ripple reduction, improve the efficiency of motor.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of 12/14 structure bearing-free switch reluctance motor is by stator back yoke 1, stator core 2, levitation force winding coil 3, torque winding coil 4, rotor core 5, axle 6 forms, the tooth of stator core 2 is wound with levitation force winding coil 3 and torque winding coil 4, the outside of stator core 2 is stator back yokes 1, stator back yoke 1 is connected with stator core 2, stator core 2 has 12 magnetic pole tooths, wherein 4 edge+x,-x, the magnetic pole tooth that+y and-y places is wound with levitation force winding coil 3, all the other magnetic pole of the stator teeth are wound with torque winding coil 4, stator core 2 inside is rotor core 5, rotor core 5 is for having the salient-pole structure of 14 magnetic pole tooths, its 14 magnetic pole tooths are circumferentially uniformly distributed, gap is left between stator core 2 and rotor core 5, form air-gap, the inside of rotor core 5 is axle 6, the internal diameter circular arc of the magnetic pole tooth of stator core 2 is non-equidistance, wherein the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S1 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth A1 ' is 32, 14 °, magnetic pole tooth A1 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth B1 ', magnetic pole tooth B1 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S2, the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S2 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth C1 ' is 32.14 °, magnetic pole tooth C1 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth D1 ', magnetic pole tooth D1 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S3, the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S3 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth A2 ' is 32.14 °, magnetic pole tooth A2 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth B2 ', magnetic pole tooth B2 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S4, the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S4 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth C2 ' is 32.14 °, magnetic pole tooth C2 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth D2 ', magnetic pole tooth D2 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S1, as shown in Figure 2 b.During work, by the winding coil series connection on magnetic pole tooth A1 ', B1 ', A2 ', B2 '; Winding coil series connection on magnetic pole tooth C1 ', D1 ', C2 ', D2 '.
Described stator back yoke adopts the good material of magnetic property to make, as electrical pure iron, 40Cr, 1J50, silicon steel.
Described levitation force winding coil 3 and torque winding coil 4 are centralized.
The polar arc of the magnetic pole tooth of the described stator core 2 being wound with levitation force winding coil equals the pole span of rotor core 6.
The material that described axle 6 adopts magnetic property good is made, as electrical pure iron, 1J50 or 40Cr.
The principle of such scheme is: existing 12/14 structure bearing-free switch reluctance motor, rotor polar distance
wherein Nr represents rotor tooth number of poles; Step angle
wherein, q represents number of motor phases, and the inductance curve phase difference that namely adjacent biphase current produces is 4.28 °, (if its stator torque tooth is labeled as A1, B1, C1 ... B2, C2, D2, as shown in Figure 5) namely when being energized, the inductance curve advanced B1 phase inductance curve 4.28 ° of A1 phase; The inductance curve advanced B2 phase inductance curve 4.28 ° of A2 phase; The inductance curve advanced D1 phase inductance curve 4.28 ° of C1 phase; The inductance curve advanced D2 phase inductance curve 4.28 ° of C2 phase, is directly also energized the series connection of magnetic pole tooth A1, B1, A2, B2 winding coil during work simultaneously; The series connection of the winding coil of magnetic pole tooth C1, D1, C2, D2 is also energized, as shown in Figure 5, although the flux closure loop of this connected mode is also shorter, due to magnetic pole tooth A1, B1 simultaneously; A2, B2; C1, D1; The phase difference that the inductance produced after the winding coil energising of C2, D2 exists, may produce rightabout torque during energising simultaneously, thus reduce the efficiency of motor.The magnetic pole of the stator tooth internal diameter circular arc of the bearing-free switch reluctance motor designed by the present invention is non-equidistance, wherein the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S1 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth A1 ' is 32, 14 °, magnetic pole tooth A1 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth B1 ', magnetic pole tooth B1 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S2, the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S2 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth C1 ' is 32.14 °, magnetic pole tooth C1 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth D1 ', magnetic pole tooth D1 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S3, the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S3 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth A2 ' is 32.14 °, magnetic pole tooth A2 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth B2 ', magnetic pole tooth B2 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S4, the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S4 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth C2 ' is 32.14 °, magnetic pole tooth C2 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth D2 ', magnetic pole tooth D2 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S1, due to the skew of magnetic pole of the stator tooth, make often to change around the turn-on instant of individual magnetic pole tooth, thus delayed 2.14 ° of the inductance that the torque winding that magnetic pole tooth A1 ' is wound around produces after passing into electric current, advanced 2.14 ° of the inductance that the torque winding that magnetic pole tooth B1 is wound around produces after passing into electric current, magnetic pole A1 ' during work, the winding coil of B1 ' two magnetic pole is energized simultaneously, the inductance curve produced overlaps, delayed 2.14 ° of the inductance that the torque winding that magnetic pole tooth A2 ' is wound around produces after passing into electric current, advanced 2.14 ° of the inductance that the torque winding that magnetic pole tooth B2 ' is wound around produces after passing into electric current, during work, the winding coil of magnetic pole A2 ', B2 ' two magnetic pole is energized simultaneously, and the inductance curve of generation overlaps, delayed 2.14 ° of the inductance that the torque winding that magnetic pole tooth C1 ' is wound around produces after passing into electric current, advanced 2.14 ° of the inductance that the torque winding that magnetic pole tooth D1 ' is wound around produces after passing into electric current, during work the winding coil of magnetic pole C1 ', D1 ' two magnetic pole be energized simultaneously produce inductance curve overlap, delayed 2.14 ° of the inductance that the torque winding that magnetic pole tooth C2 ' is wound around produces after passing into electric current, advanced 2.14 ° of the inductance that the torque winding that magnetic pole tooth D2 ' is wound around produces after passing into electric current, during work, the winding coil of magnetic pole C2 ', D2 ' the two magnetic pole this structure that is simultaneously energized efficiently solves the problem of the rightabout torque produced due to motor commutation, substantially increases the efficiency of motor.
Flux closure loop of the present invention is: from the N pole of magnetic pole tooth, (the magnetic pole tooth winding around energising at place produces the) to magnetic flux, is got back to again the S pole of magnetic pole by air gap, rotor core, air gap.For C1 ', the conducting of D1 ' two magnetic pole, its magnetic circuit is: the ' that magnetic flux being from magnetic pole C1, through air gap, rotor core, rotor core, air gap, flow through magnetic pole D1 ', then gets back to magnetic pole C1 ' through the stator yoke of about 1/6th, as indicated with broken lines in fig. 4.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art: the motor of the present invention's design overcomes the deficiency of existing 12/14 structure bearing-free switch magnetic-resistance, the internal diameter circular arc of magnetic pole of the stator tooth is adopted non-equidistant design, efficiently solve the problem producing rightabout torque due to motor commutation, in identical power cycles, increase pass range, increase electromagnetic torque, reduce torque pulsation, improve the efficiency of motor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is technical solution of the present invention 12/14 bearing-free switch reluctance motor axial section;
Fig. 2 is technical solution of the present invention 12/14 bearing-free switch reluctance motor stator structure figure, and Fig. 2 a is 3 dimensional drawing, and Fig. 2 b, 2c are technical solution of the present invention 12/14 bearing-free switch reluctance motor stator two kinds of end view drawings;
Fig. 3 is technical solution of the present invention 12/14 bearing-free switch reluctance motor rotor structure figure;
Fig. 4 is the magnetic flux path figure after the energising of technical solution of the present invention 12/14 bearing-free switch reluctance motor winding;
Fig. 5 is the magnetic flux path figure after existing 12/14 structure bearing-free switch reluctance motor winding energising.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of 12/14 structure bearing-free switch reluctance motor is by stator back yoke 1, stator core 2, levitation force winding coil 3, torque winding coil 4, rotor core 5, axle 6 forms, the tooth of stator core 2 is wound with levitation force winding coil 3 and torque winding coil 4, the outside of stator core 2 is stator back yokes 1, stator back yoke 1 is connected with stator core 2, stator core 2 has 12 magnetic pole tooths, wherein 4 edge+x,-x, the magnetic pole tooth that+y and-y places is wound with levitation force winding coil 3, all the other magnetic pole of the stator teeth are wound with torque winding coil 4, stator core 2 inside is rotor core 5, rotor core 5 is for having the salient-pole structure of 14 magnetic pole tooths, its 14 magnetic pole tooths are circumferentially uniformly distributed, gap is left between stator core 2 and rotor core 5, form air-gap, the inside of rotor core 5 is axle 6, the internal diameter circular arc of the magnetic pole tooth of stator core 2 is non-equidistance, wherein the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S1 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth A1 ' is 32, 14 °, magnetic pole tooth A1 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth B1 ', magnetic pole tooth B1 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S2, the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S2 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth C1 ' is 32.14 °, magnetic pole tooth C1 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth D1 ', magnetic pole tooth D1 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S3, the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S3 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth A2 ' is 32.14 °, magnetic pole tooth A2 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth B2 ', magnetic pole tooth B2 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S4, the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S4 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth C2 ' is 32.14 °, magnetic pole tooth C2 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth D2 ', magnetic pole tooth D2 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S1, as shown in Figure 2 b.
During work, by the winding coil series connection on magnetic pole tooth A1 ', B1 ', A2 ', B2 '; Winding coil series connection on magnetic pole tooth C1 ', D1 ', C2 ', D2 '.
Described levitation force winding coil 3 and torque winding coil 4 are centralized.
The polar arc of the magnetic pole tooth of the described stator core 2 being wound with levitation force winding coil equals the pole span of rotor core 6.
Fig. 2 a is technical solution of the present invention 12/14 structure bearing-free switch reluctance motor stator 3 dimensional drawing, Fig. 2 b and 2c gives stator two kinds of end view drawings, wherein in Fig. 2 b, the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S1 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth A1 ' is 32, 14 °, magnetic pole tooth A1 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth B1 ', magnetic pole tooth B1 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S2, the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S2 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth C1 ' is 32.14 °, magnetic pole tooth C1 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth D1 ', magnetic pole tooth D1 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S3, the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S3 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth A2 ' is 32.14 °, magnetic pole tooth A2 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth B2 ', magnetic pole tooth B2 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S4, the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S4 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth C2 ' is 32.14 °, magnetic pole tooth C2 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth D2 ', magnetic pole tooth D2 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S1, as can be seen from the figure, magnetic pole of the stator tooth A1 ', B1 ', A2 ', B2 ', C1 ', D1 ', C2 ', circular arc corresponding to the external diameter of D2 ' is non-equidistance.Another stator structure end view drawing is given in Fig. 2 c, the difference of itself and Fig. 2 b be magnetic pole of the stator tooth A1 ', B1 ', A2 ', B2 ', C1 ', D1 ', C2 ', D2 ' the circular arc corresponding to external diameter be equally spaced, consider copper factor problem during motor winding inserting, preferred version is the stator structure shown in Fig. 2 c.
Figure 3 shows that technical solution of the present invention 12/14 structure bearing-free switch reluctance motor rotor core structure chart, rotor core, containing 14 tooth poles, builds up after the punching silicon-steel good by magnetic conductivity.
Fig. 4 is technical solution of the present invention 12/14 structure bearing-free switch reluctance motor magnetic flux path figure, and the winding coil series connection of non-equidistance stator core torque magnetic pole tooth A1 ', B1 ', A2 ', B2 ' is energized simultaneously; The winding coil series connection of torque magnetic pole tooth C1 ', D1 ', C2 ', D2 ' is energized simultaneously.For C1 ', D1 ' and C2 ', D2 ' conducting in figure, give the magnetic flux path figure of motor.
Fig. 5 is the magnetic flux path figure of existing 12/14 structure bearing-free switch reluctance motor, and the winding coil series connection of torque magnetic pole tooth A1, B1, A2, B2 of stator core is energized simultaneously; The winding coil series connection of torque magnetic pole tooth C1, D1, C2, D2 is energized simultaneously.For C1, D1 and C2, D2 conducting in picture in picture, give the magnetic flux path figure of motor.
Foregoing invention scheme stator back yoke 1 used, axle 6 are all made with the material that magnetic property is good, as the magnetic material etc. such as electrical pure iron, various carbon steel, cast iron, cast steel, steel alloy, 40Cr, 1J50 and 1J79.Stator core can form by electric thin steel sheet such as the magnetic material punching press system of changing such as electrical pure iron, 1J50 and 1J79, silicon steel DR510, DR470, DW350 that magnetic property is good.After the electromagnetic wire coiling that levitation force winding coil 3, torque winding coil 4 available conductive are good, paint-dipping drying forms.
Claims (5)
1. a 12/14 structure bearing-free switch reluctance motor, is made up of stator back yoke (1), stator core (2), levitation force winding coil (3), torque winding coil (4), rotor core (5), axle (6), the tooth of stator core (2) is wound with levitation force winding coil (3) and torque winding coil (4), the outside of stator core (2) is stator back yoke (1), stator back yoke (1) is connected with stator core (2), stator core (2) has 12 magnetic pole tooths, wherein 4 edge+x,-x, the magnetic pole tooth that+y and-y places is wound with levitation force winding coil (3), all the other magnetic pole of the stator teeth are wound with torque winding coil (4), stator core (2) inside is rotor core (5), rotor core (5) is for having the salient-pole structure of 14 magnetic pole tooths, its 14 magnetic pole tooths are circumferentially uniformly distributed, gap is left between stator core (2) and rotor core (5), form air-gap, the inside of rotor core (5) is axle (6), it is characterized in that: the internal diameter circular arc of the magnetic pole tooth of described stator core (2) is non-equidistance, wherein the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S1 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth A1 ' is 32, 14 °, magnetic pole tooth A1 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth B1 ', magnetic pole tooth B1 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S2, the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S2 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth C1 ' is 32.14 °, magnetic pole tooth C1 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth D1 ', magnetic pole tooth D1 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S3, the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S3 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth A2 ' is 32.14 °, magnetic pole tooth A2 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth B2 ', magnetic pole tooth B2 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S4, the central angle of magnetic pole tooth S4 and the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth C2 ' is 32.14 °, magnetic pole tooth C2 ' is 27.86 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth D2 ', magnetic pole tooth D2 ' is 32.14 ° with the central angle of the circular arc corresponding to magnetic pole tooth S1.
2. 12/14 structure bearing-free switch reluctance motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described stator back yoke (1) adopts the good material of magnetic property to make, and comprises electrical pure iron, 40Cr, 1J50, silicon steel.
3. 12/14 structure bearing-free switch reluctance motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described levitation force winding coil (3) and torque winding coil (4) are for centralized.
4. 12/14 structure bearing-free switch reluctance motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the polar arc of the magnetic pole tooth of the described stator core (2) being wound with levitation force winding coil equals the pole span of rotor core (6).
5. 12/14 structure bearing-free switch reluctance motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described axle (6) adopts the good material of magnetic property to make, and comprises electrical pure iron, 1J50 or 40Cr.
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CN103715945B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-04-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of 12/14 bearing-free permanent magnet biased witch reluctance motor |
CN108809031B (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2020-08-21 | 淮阴工学院 | Three-degree-of-freedom bearingless switched reluctance motor with constant current source excitation |
CN113162316B (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2022-09-16 | 南京邮电大学 | Three-phase 18/16-pole bearingless switched reluctance motor |
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CN102306995A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-01-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | Permanent magnet biased bearingless switched reluctance motor |
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US5903080A (en) * | 1996-06-18 | 1999-05-11 | Okuma Corporation | Reluctance type synchronous motor |
CN102306995A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-01-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | Permanent magnet biased bearingless switched reluctance motor |
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