JP5294021B2 - Claw pole type IPM motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a claw pole type IPM motor used in a vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle.

  Conventionally, as a motor having a claw pole iron core in a rotor and an electromagnet in which a field winding is wound around a field iron core, there are those described in Patent Documents 1 and 2. The motor of Patent Document 1 has a configuration capable of controlling the maximum efficiency in the entire rotational speed region of the rotating machine by providing a field winding capable of controlling the effective magnetic flux in the embedded magnet type rotor. Yes.

  The motor of Patent Document 2 is a rotating electric machine including a stator in which multiphase windings are wound around a stator core, and a rotor that is arranged on the inner diameter side of the stator core and generates a field. Is arranged on the outer diameter side of the boss portion in the direction of the rotation axis connected to the disk portion, the cylindrical boss portion fitted and fixed to the rotation shaft, the disk portion extending in the radial direction from the end face of the boss portion Between the boss portion and the claw-shaped portion, the annular laminated iron core having a plurality of claw-shaped portions, a plurality of slits formed along the radial direction and disposed on the outer peripheral side of the claw-shaped portion. Field windings. And it has the structure which has the connection surplus part which makes a part of cyclic | annular laminated core in the inner diameter side and outer diameter side of an annular laminated core with respect to a slit.

  Since the rotor is configured by using the annular laminated iron core as described above, the magnetic pole formed on the rotor becomes a laminated magnetic pole instead of the conventional bulk iron core, thereby reducing iron loss, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. Be able to.

Japanese Patent No. 370481 Japanese Patent No. 3785984

  However, in a field-type motor having a claw pole iron core and an electromagnet in a conventional rotor, reluctance torque is small although magnet torque can be exhibited. In other words, the reluctance torque is due to the difference between the horizontal axis magnetic resistance and the direct axis magnetic resistance, but the rotor's direct axis magnetic circuit has an electromagnet, that is, an iron core with a magnetic resistance lower than that of the magnet. There is a problem that the magnetic resistance difference is small as compared with the horizontal axis magnetic circuit of the polar iron core, so that the reluctance torque is reduced, resulting in a reduction in motor torque.

  In Patent Document 1, since there is no magnetoresistive means for increasing the magnetic resistance in the straight axis direction in the rotor, it is difficult for the magnetic flux in the straight axis direction seen from the stator side to pass through in the high-speed rotation region, and there is almost no difference from the magnetic flux in the horizontal axis. Torque is small. In Patent Document 2, since slits are radially arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotor at regular intervals, the magnetic flux in the horizontal axis direction is reduced in the high-speed rotation region, and the reluctance torque is reduced. Therefore, there is a problem that the motor torque is reduced.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a claw pole type IPM motor capable of increasing the reluctance torque and increasing the motor torque.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a stator having a laminated core around which a three-phase winding is wound, an outer periphery of the stator being spaced apart via a first gap, and A claw pole type IPM motor comprising an annular rotor having an inner periphery fixed to a rotating shaft, wherein the rotor includes a field core fixed to a support member that rotatably supports the rotating shaft, and the field core. to an electromagnet by wound around the field winding, the rotating shaft respect of two fixed to the respective said supporting member and the rotary shaft base is spaced apart from each other in the axial side wall portion and of the side wall portions First and second claw poles having claw portions that are bent in opposite directions parallel to the rotation axis on the outer peripheral side and are alternately arranged in an annular circumferential direction, and separated from the electromagnet by a second gap Iron core and each clopo And an annular laminated core of disposed a ring shape on the peripheral surface of the pawl portion of the Le core, the annular laminated core is opened through the radial direction for each electrical angle π in the circumferential direction on the annular surface A plurality of elongated slits and a plurality of slots that penetrated and opened in the circumferential direction between the slits were magnetized in an annular diametrical direction and magnetized in the opposite direction between adjacent ones A permanent magnet is fitted and fixed.

  According to this configuration, since the permanent magnets are alternately arranged for each electrical angle on the annular laminated core disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the claw pole iron core, the outer circumferential surface of the annular laminated core is in the circumferential direction. Alternately have the polarity of the north and south poles. Since the rotor is separated from the stator via the first gap and the electromagnet via the second gap, the rotor rotates freely together with the rotating shaft. Here, when current is applied to the three-phase winding of the stator so as to give opposite polarity to the alternating polarity of the annular laminated core, the action of repelling and attracting the pole made by the stator works. The rotor rotates. At this time, the permanent magnet of the annular laminated core is interposed, the second gap is interposed, and the magnetic flux produced by the stator is difficult to pass in the straight axis direction when the electromagnet is excited in the reverse direction. A very strong reluctance torque is generated because it is easy to pass in the horizontal axis direction where it does not act. In addition, the magnetic force of the permanent magnet and the exciting force of the electromagnet combine to increase the main magnetic flux, and the magnet torque can be greatly increased. Therefore, the rotor can be set to high torque.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the claw pole type IPM motor according to the first aspect, a positive current or a negative current is allowed to flow in the field winding of the electromagnet. .

  According to this configuration, the claw pole core that is in contact with the inner peripheral side of the annular laminated core having the N-pole and S-pole polarity alternately in the circumferential direction has a positive current flowing in the field winding of the electromagnet of the rotor. The permanent magnets and the opposite magnetic poles opposed to each other are magnetized by the excitation when the current is applied. In addition, the magnetic pole is magnetized to the same magnetic pole as the permanent magnet by excitation when a negative current flows through the field winding. Therefore, the strength of the magnetic field in the straight axis direction in which the excitation force of the electromagnet and the magnetic force of the permanent magnet are combined can be adjusted by excitation or reverse excitation of the electromagnet.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the claw pole type IPM motor according to the first or second aspect, a second permanent magnet is fitted and fixed to the slit.

  According to this configuration, when there is no permanent magnet in the radial slit, leakage of the direct-axis magnetic flux φd through the slit 31 occurs. However, when a permanent magnet is fitted and fixed to the slit, the leakage magnetic flux disappears and only the direct-axis magnetic flux becomes pure, and the direct-axis magnetic flux increases. Therefore, the rotor can be set to a higher torque.

  As described above, according to the present invention, there is an effect that it is possible to provide a claw pole type IPM motor capable of increasing the reluctance torque and increasing the motor torque.

1 shows a configuration of a claw pole type IPM motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a cross-sectional view of the claw pole type IPM motor, and (b) is an outline of an annular surface of an annular laminated iron core in a rotor of the claw pole type IPM motor. It is a half figure. It is a figure which shows the structure of the nail | claw part arrange | positioned alternately on the surrounding surface of the claw pole iron core in the rotor of the claw pole type IPM motor of this embodiment. It is a figure which shows a part of annular surface of the cyclic | annular laminated iron core in the rotor of the claw pole type IPM motor of this embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic half view of an annular surface of an annular laminated iron core having another configuration in the rotor of the claw pole type IPM motor of the present embodiment.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, parts corresponding to each other in all the drawings in this specification are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description of the overlapping parts will be omitted as appropriate.

  1A and 1B show a configuration of a claw pole type IPM motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of a claw pole type IPM motor, and FIG. 1B shows an annular laminated iron core in a rotor of a claw pole type IPM motor. It is a schematic half view of an annular surface.

  A claw pole type IPM motor 10 shown in FIG. 1 is mounted on, for example, an electric vehicle, and includes a three-phase winding 11 connected to an inverter (not shown) for power conversion, and a winding around the three-phase winding 11. A stator 13 having a laminated core 12 mounted thereon, the stator 13 having a predetermined gap (first gap) G1 and an outer periphery thereof being spaced apart, and a part of the inner periphery being a rotating shaft 14. And an annular rotor 16 fixed to the head.

The rotor 16 includes an electromagnet 23 by the rotary shaft 14 a rotatably supported to the support member 20 which is fixed to the field core 21 and field cores 21 wound around the field winding 22, related to the rotation shaft 14 The two side walls 25a (only one is shown in the figure) fixed at the support member 20 and the rotary shaft 14 with the roots spaced apart from each other in the axial direction and the upper part (outer peripheral side) of these side walls 25a are illustrated. 2 includes claw portions 25b and claw portions 26b that are bent in opposite directions parallel to the rotation shaft 14 and arranged alternately in the annular circumferential direction, and further include an electromagnet 23 and a gap (second gap). The first claw pole iron core 25 and the second claw pole iron core 26 separated from each other by G2 (only the claw portions 26b are shown in the figure), and the claw portions 25b, 26b of the claw pole iron cores 25, 26 are arranged on the peripheral surfaces. Annular ring shape It is constituted by a layer iron core 27. The claw portions 25b and 26b of the claw pole iron cores 25 and 26 are brazed with stainless steel links 28.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the annular laminated core 27 includes a plurality of elongated slits 31 that are opened through the annular surface in a radial direction at an electrical angle π (rad) in the circumferential direction. Annular diametrically magnetized permanent magnets 33 are fitted and fixed in a plurality of slots 32 penetrating and opening in the circumferential direction between the slits 31.

  The permanent magnets 33 are arranged in a one-to-one facing manner with the claw portions 25 b and 26 b of the claw pole cores 25 and 26 that are in contact with the annular laminated core 27. Each permanent magnet 33 is magnetized in an annular diametrical direction, but as shown in FIG. 3, the N and S poles are magnetized in an inverted state between adjacent ones. Therefore, the annular laminated iron core 27 has the polarity of the N pole and the S pole alternately in the circumferential direction.

  Further, the claw portions 25b and 26b of the claw pole iron cores 25 and 26 that are in contact with the inner peripheral side of the annular laminated iron core 27 are brought into contact with the magnetic pole N or S of the opposing permanent magnet 33 and the opposite magnetic pole S or N by the excitation of the electromagnet 23. It is magnetized and is magnetized to the same magnetic pole N or S by reverse excitation of the electromagnet 23.

  In the claw pole type IPM motor 10 having such a configuration, the rotor 16 includes an annular laminated iron core 27 fixed to the claw portions 25b and 26b of the claw pole iron cores 25 and 26 whose roots are fixed to the rotating shaft 14, and an electromagnet. Since it is in a separated state with a gap G2 in 23, it can rotate freely. When a current is applied to the three-phase winding 11 of the stator 13 so as to give opposite polarities to the alternate polarity of the annular laminated core 27, the action of repelling and attracting the poles formed by the stator 13 is obtained. A driving force for rotating the working rotor 16 is obtained.

  In this low-speed rotation region, the claw pole iron cores 25 and 26 are magnetized by the magnetic pole N or S and the opposite magnetic pole S or N of the opposing permanent magnet 33 by the excitation of the electromagnet 23, as shown in FIG. The magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 33 and the magnetic flux of the electromagnet 23 are emphasized, so that a large amount of magnetic flux φd flows in the direction of the straight axis as shown by the broken line arrow in FIG. As a result, the torque of the rotor 16 increases.

  On the other hand, when the electromagnet 23 is excited by passing a current through the field winding 22 in the direction opposite to that during the low-speed rotation in the high-speed rotation region, the claw pole iron cores 25 and 26 become the magnetic poles N or S of the opposing permanent magnet 33. Is magnetized on the same magnetic pole N or S, the magnetic flux φd in the direction of the straight axis indicated by the broken line arrow is reduced, and the current can be easily passed from the stator 13. The magnetic flux φq in the direction of the horizontal axis indicated by the solid line arrow in FIG. Will increase. That is, since the horizontal axis inductance is large and the direct axis inductance is small, the difference can be increased and the reluctance torque due to the difference is increased. As a result, the torque of the rotor 16 increases.

  When such a claw pole type IPM motor 10 is compared with a field type motor having a claw pole iron core and an electromagnet in a conventional rotor, the cost amplifier due to the increase of the permanent magnet 33 remains at 10%, while the reluctance torque is reduced. It was greatly improved and the overall torque could be increased by 50%.

  As described above, the claw pole type IPM motor 10 of the present embodiment includes the stator 13 having the laminated iron core 12 around which the three-phase winding 11 is wound, and the outer periphery of the stator 13 via the first gap G1. And an annular rotor 16 having an inner periphery fixed to the rotating shaft 14.

  In this configuration, the rotor 16 is fixed to a support member that rotatably supports the rotating shaft 14, and an electromagnet 23 including a field winding 22 wound around the field iron core 21 and the rotation. Two side wall portions 25a whose roots are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction on the shaft 14, and claw portions 25b, 26b which are bent in opposite directions at the top of the side wall portions 25a and are alternately arranged in an annular circumferential direction. And the first and second claw pole iron cores 25 and 26 separated from the electromagnet 23 by the second gap G2, and the claw portions 25b and 26b of the claw pole iron cores 25 and 26. An annular laminated core 12 having an annular shape, and the annular laminated core 12 further includes a plurality of elongated slits 31 each having an annular surface opened in a radial direction for each electrical angle in the circumferential direction; Slit 31 And a plurality of slots 32 penetrating and opening in the circumferential direction, and permanent magnets 33 magnetized in an annular diametrical direction and magnetized in opposite directions between adjacent ones are fitted and fixed. did.

  As a result, the permanent magnets 33 are alternately arranged for each electrical angle on the annular laminated core 12 disposed on the circumferential surface of the outer circumference of the claw pole iron cores 25 and 26, so that the outer circumferential surface of the annular laminated core 12 is Alternating in the circumferential direction, the polarity is N and S. Since the rotor 16 is separated from the stator 13 via the first gap G1 and to the electromagnet 23 via the second gap G2, the rotor 16 freely rotates together with the rotary shaft 14. Here, when a current is applied to the three-phase winding 11 of the stator 13 so as to give opposite polarities to the alternating polarity of the annular laminated core 12, repulsion and attraction are attracted to the poles formed by the stator 13. Thus, the rotor 16 rotates. At this time, the permanent magnet 33 of the annular laminated core 12 is interposed and the second gap G2 is interposed, and when the electromagnet 23 is excited in the reverse direction, the magnetic flux produced by the stator 13 is difficult to pass through, On the other hand, a very strong reluctance torque is generated because the permanent magnet 33 easily passes in the horizontal axis direction where the permanent magnet 33 does not act. In addition, the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 33 and the exciting force of the electromagnet 23 are combined, so that the main magnetic flux is strengthened, and the magnet torque can be increased. Therefore, the rotor 16 can be set to a high torque.

  Further, a positive current or a negative current is supplied to the field winding 22 of the electromagnet 23.

  As a result, the claw pole iron cores 25 and 26 that are in contact with the inner circumference side of the annular laminated iron core 12 having the polarity of the N pole and the S pole alternately in the circumferential direction are connected to the field winding 22 of the electromagnet 23 of the rotor 16. The permanent magnet 33 and the opposite magnetic pole facing each other are magnetized by excitation when a current in the direction flows. Conversely, the permanent magnet 33 is magnetized to the same magnetic pole by excitation when a negative current is passed through the field winding 22. Therefore, the strength of the magnetic field in the perpendicular direction in which the exciting force of the electromagnet 23 and the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 33 are combined can be adjusted by the excitation or reverse excitation of the electromagnet 23.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, permanent magnets 35 may be fitted and fixed to the radial slits 31.

  Here, when there is no permanent magnet 35 in the slit 31, leakage through the slit 31 occurs as the direct-axis magnetic flux φd is indicated by the symbol φd1. However, when the permanent magnet 35 is fitted and fixed to the slit 31, the leakage magnetic flux φd1 is eliminated, and the direct magnetic flux φd is purely increased, so that the direct magnetic flux φd is increased. Therefore, the rotor 16 can be set to a higher torque.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Claw pole type IPM motor 11 Three-phase winding 12 Laminated iron core 13 Stator 14 Rotating shaft 16 Rotor 20 Support member 21 Field iron core 22 Field winding 23 Electromagnet 25, 26 Claw pole iron core 25a Side wall part 25b, 26b Claw part 27 Annular laminated core 28 link 31 slit 32 slot 33, 35 Permanent magnet φd Linear flux φq Horizontal flux

Claims (3)

A claw pole type comprising a stator having a laminated core around which a three-phase winding is wound, and an annular rotor having an outer periphery spaced apart from the stator through a first gap and an inner periphery fixed to a rotating shaft In IPM motor,
The rotor includes an electromagnet by the rotation shaft fixed to a support member for supporting rotatably the field core and wound on the field winding to the field core, this axis direction related to the rotational axis Two side walls that are spaced apart from each other and fixed to the support member and the rotating shaft, respectively, and the outer peripheral sides of these side walls are bent in opposite directions parallel to the rotating shaft, and alternate in an annular circumferential direction. First and second claw pole iron cores separated from each other by the second gap with the electromagnet, and an annular annular ring disposed on the peripheral surface of the claw part of each claw pole iron core With a laminated iron core,
The annular laminated iron core has a plurality of elongated slits opened in a radial direction in the circumferential direction in the circumferential direction at every electrical angle π , and opened in a circumferential direction between the slits. A claw pole type IPM motor, wherein permanent magnets magnetized in a plurality of slots in an annular diametrical direction and magnetized adjacent to each other in opposite directions are fitted and fixed.   The claw pole type IPM motor according to claim 1, wherein a current in a positive direction or a current in a negative direction is allowed to flow through the field winding of the electromagnet.   The claw pole type IPM motor according to claim 1, wherein a second permanent magnet is fitted and fixed to the slit.

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