JP3164293U - Spun yarn and mesh fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To use a coarse cloth to maintain appropriate air permeability and strength as a reinforcing cloth for an air filter, a mesh cloth used for agricultural chills, clothing interlinings, etc., and misalignment hardly occurs. Provide mesh fabric. A spun yarn used for a mesh fabric is composed of only a specific composite binder fiber, and the fabric component is melted with a heat treatment to melt the binder component constituting the binder fiber, and the spun yarn is in contact with the yarn. To do. The composite binder fiber constituting the spun yarn is composed of a binder component made of the low melting point aliphatic polyester 1 and a high melting point aliphatic polyester 2 having a higher melting point than the binder component. Examples of the composite form include a core-sheath type, a side-by-side type, a sea-island type, a split-fiber type, and the like, and the binder component is arranged on a part of the fiber surface. Especially, it is preferable that it is a core-sheath type composite form in which low melting point aliphatic polyester forms a sheath part and high melting point aliphatic polyester forms a core part. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a spun yarn having a low environmental load and capable of exhibiting an effect of suppressing misalignment without using a resin binder and a mesh fabric using the spun yarn.

  Conventionally, mesh fabrics used for air filter reinforcement fabrics, agricultural chills, clothing interlinings, etc. have been required to have appropriate air permeability and strength, and in order to satisfy these requirements, coarse fabrics are used. In order to maintain the performance, it is required that there is no misalignment.

  As a mesh fabric without misalignment, misalignment is prevented by poval or the like which is a water-based resin, or misalignment is prevented by coating with a solvent-based resin. However, with water-based resins, wet shrinkage due to moisture after commercialization becomes a problem, and solvent-based resins require that the processing equipment be made explosion-proof from the generation of solvent during the processing process, and the generated solvent As a result, there were problems such as deterioration of the working environment.

  On the other hand, polyester binder fibers and polyamide binder fibers obtained by copolymerizing fiber polymers to lower the melting point are well known (for example, Patent Document 1).

  By using such a binder fiber, it is possible to improve the working environment and increase the efficiency, but the raw material polymer of the fiber is derived from petroleum, and it is necessary to treat it as industrial waste in disposal after use. Various problems have been pointed out from the standpoint of safety and environmental protection, such as carbon dioxide generated when incinerated promotes global warming.

JP 2000-328383 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned present situation, and provides a spun yarn and a mesh fabric that does not give a binder resin as an adhesive to the obtained fabric and has a low load on the environment. It is for the purpose.

  The present invention achieves the above object, and has the following configuration.

  Specifically, a spun yarn is characterized in that it is composed only of a composite binder fiber in which a binder component composed of a low melting point aliphatic polyester and a high melting point aliphatic polyester having a higher melting point than the binder component are combined. Is.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

  First, the spun yarn of the present invention is composed only of a specific composite binder fiber. Because it is composed only of binder fibers, the spun yarn of the present invention is used to make a woven fabric, and when the binder component constituting the binder fiber is melted by heat treatment, the spun yarn of the present invention is in contact with the yarn. Even if it is a coarse woven fabric, misalignment does not occur and the shape stability is good.

  The composite binder fiber constituting the spun yarn of the present invention is composed of a binder component composed of a low melting point aliphatic polyester and a high melting point aliphatic polyester having a higher melting point than the binder component. Examples of the composite form include a core-sheath type, a side-by-side type, a sea-island type, a split-fiber type, and the like, and the binder component is arranged on a part of the fiber surface. Especially, it is preferable that it is a core-sheath type composite form shown in FIG. 1 in which the low melting point aliphatic polyester forms a sheath part and the high melting point aliphatic polyester forms a core part. The cross-sectional shape of the fiber may be an irregular cross-section such as a triangle or a flat shape in addition to a normal circular cross-section.

  Polylactic acid is preferably used as the aliphatic polyester constituting the composite binder fiber. This is because polylactic acid has high crystallinity and can maintain mechanical strength among aliphatic polyesters.

  The binder component which is a low melting point aliphatic polyester is preferably polylactic acid having a melting point of 120 ° C. or higher and a heat of fusion of 10 J / g or higher. A more preferable melting point is 130 ° C. or higher. Polylactic acid having a melting point of less than 120 ° C. is not preferable because it has a low crystallinity and, for example, may cause softening of the binder component at the stage of producing a spun yarn. Moreover, although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the upper limit of melting | fusing point of a binder component, it is good to select a thing 20 degreeC lower than melting | fusing point of the high melting point aliphatic polyester to compound. When the melting point difference between the low melting point aliphatic polyester and the high melting point aliphatic polyester is less than 20 ° C., not only the binder component but also the high melting point aliphatic polyester may be melted in the heat bonding process for melting the binder component. Softening under the influence of heat makes it difficult to obtain a desired mesh fabric. In addition, the composite binder fiber is thermally shrunk during the heat treatment, thereby reducing the quality of the woven fabric from which distortion can occur.

  Lactic acid monomers have optically active carbon, and there are D and L optical isomers. Polylactic acid having a melting point of 165 ° C. or higher can be obtained by copolymerizing less than 2 mol% of D-form with L-form. And if the copolymerization ratio of D body is raised to about 10 mol%, melting | fusing point will be about 140 degreeC. Further, when the optical purity is lowered and the copolymerization ratio of the D isomer is 18 mol% or more, the melting point is less than 120 ° C. and the heat of fusion is less than 10 J / g. It becomes difficult to use for fibers.

  The reason why the heat of fusion of the binder component is preferably 10 J / g or more is that when the heat of fusion is less than 10 J / g, the non-crystalline property becomes high and softens even at a temperature lower than the melting point. Easy and heat resistance is insufficient.

  The melt viscosity of the polylactic acid used in the present invention is preferably from 1 to 80 g / 10 min, more preferably from 5 to 10 minutes as measured by the ASTM D-1238 method (temperature 210 ° C., load 2160 g). 50 g / 10 min.

  In the present invention, for the reasons such as high adhesive strength, the composite form is a core-sheath type, the core is a polylactic acid having a melting point of 170 ° C or higher, and the sheath is a polylactic acid composite binder fiber having a melting point of about 130 ° C. Most preferably, it can be used.

  The fineness of the composite binder fiber may be appropriately selected according to the count after spinning, but it is preferably 1.0 to 4.4 dcitex.

  The composite binder fiber is provided with mechanical crimping. Mechanical crimps are those that have been crimped by a crimping device such as a push-in crimper or a stuffing box. Normally, these crimping devices have continuous peaks and valleys. Zigzag crimps are applied. The number of crimps applied by the crimp application device is preferably 5/25 mm to 25/25 mm, and the crimp rate is preferably 5 to 30%.

The spun yarn of the present invention can be obtained by spinning the binder fiber by ring spinning or the like. The number of twists T twisted in the spun yarn is a twist number in the range twisted by normal spinning, and the twist coefficient K represented by the following formula is in the range of 2.6 to 5.0. Is preferred.
K = T / Ne ^1/2 (However, T: Number of twists / 2.54 cm, Ne: English cotton count)
The yarn count of the spun yarn of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected according to the use of the fabric using the spun yarn, but generally the range of 8 / 1C to 60 / 1C is good.

  Using the spun yarn of the present invention, various textile products such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, braids, strings, ropes, etc. are subjected to heat treatment, and the binder components are melted to thermally fix the yarns constituting the textile products. Thus, a fiber product having good shape stability can be obtained. In particular, in the present invention, the effect of the present invention is more effectively exhibited by applying the spun yarn of the present invention to a coarsely woven fabric. In other words, weaving a coarsely woven fabric using the spun yarn of the present invention, heat-treating, and fixing the intersection of warp and weft by heat bonding, it is difficult to cause misalignment, and has excellent shape stability A mesh fabric can be obtained. When a textile product is obtained using spun yarn, it may be used in combination with spun yarn other than the spun yarn of the present invention, multifilament yarn, and monofilament yarn. However, as the proportion of spun yarn of the present invention increases, It is more preferable that the effect of the device can be achieved, and that the fiber product is constituted only by the spun yarn of the present invention. In obtaining the mesh fabric, in consideration of the effect of preventing misalignment, it is preferable that the spun yarn of the present invention occupies 40% or more of the total mass of the fabric, more preferably The mesh fabric is composed only of the spun yarn of the present invention.

  A woven fabric using the spun yarn of the present invention can be obtained by weaving with a well-known woven structure such as plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, or a woven structure such as entangled weave. The structure of the woven fabric is not particularly limited, but if you want to obtain a mesh woven fabric that is coarse and has enough space for the mesh, it depends on the yarn count, but the density is 10 to 10 for both plain and woven fabrics. It is good to weave with a design of about 50 / cm. Further, the loom may be woven using a commonly used one.

  The heat treatment step for melting the binder component includes a method of performing a heat treatment in a separate step after forming an unprocessed fabric (raw machine), or a method of processing with a heat treatment apparatus that is a continuous step and provided at the rear of the loom, In this step, the binder component is melted and the intersection of the warp and the weft is thermally bonded.

  Examples of the heat treatment apparatus include a loom-integrated heat roller that can be efficiently processed in a continuous process, a heating flat roller, a hot air circulation dryer, a hot air once-through dryer, a suction drum dryer, a Yankee drum dryer, and the like. As the treatment conditions during the heat treatment, the treatment temperature and the treatment time may be appropriately selected according to the melting point of the low melting point aliphatic polyester as the binder component. As described above, when the binder component constituting the spun yarn is melted, the mesh fabric of the present invention in which at least the intersection of the warp and the weft is thermally bonded can be obtained.

  The spun yarn of the present invention is composed only of composite binder fibers composed only of aliphatic polyester. Therefore, the textile product using the spun yarn of the present invention has a small environmental load. In addition, since the fiber product can be heat-set by thermally bonding the constituent yarns by melting the binder component of the spun yarn, a fiber product with good shape stability can be obtained. Therefore, it is not necessary to add a binder resin in post-processing, and processing characteristics are excellent. In particular, the mesh fabric of the present invention using the spun yarn of the present invention has desired hardness and practical mechanical strength, and can effectively prevent misalignment.

It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the cross section of the composite binder fiber which comprises the spun yarn in this invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. The evaluation of the examples was performed based on the following.
(1) Weight per unit: Measured according to JIS L 1096.
(2) Tensile strength, elongation: measured according to JIS L 1096.
(3) Sliding resistance: Measured according to JIS L 1096 pin hook method.
(4) Immersion shrinkage: Measured according to JIS L 1042 B method (boiling water immersion method).

Example 1
2.2 decitex × 51 mm core-sheath composite binder fiber (core: polylactic acid with melting point 170 ° C., sheath: polylactic acid with melting point 130 ° C., heat of fusion 13 J / g) 30th spun yarn was obtained by the method. Using the obtained spun yarn, weaving a plain fabric with a warp density of 23 yarns / 吋 and a weft density of 22 yarns / 吋 using a rapier type loom, and putting the resulting raw machine into a circulating hot air type heat treatment machine with a tenter Then, heat treatment was performed at a temperature of 130 ° C. for 40 seconds to obtain a mesh fabric of the present invention.

Comparative Example 1
1.7 decitex x 51 mm polylactic acid fiber (single-phase type composed of polylactic acid with a melting point of 170 ° C.) 30 knitted using 30th spun yarn and 23 weft and 22 weft density 8.3 parts by mass of poval was added to the woven fabric of the tissue with respect to 100 parts by mass of the woven fabric to obtain a mesh fabric of a comparative example.

Comparative Example 2
A woven fabric with a warp density of 23 / 吋 and a weft density of 22 / 吋, woven using 30-count spun yarn of 1.7 decitex × 51 mm polyethylene terephthalate fiber (single phase type), and a mass of the fabric of 100 mass The mesh fabric was obtained by applying 8.3 parts by mass of Poval to the part.

Comparative Example 3
In Comparative Example 1, a plain-textured fabric not imparted with poval was used as Comparative Example 3.
The evaluation results of the obtained Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 1.

  As is clear from Table 1, Example 1 has a tensile strength slightly lower than that of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 because it does not give poval, but has a practically sufficient strength. It showed excellent characteristics in sliding resistance for evaluating the degree of misalignment. Furthermore, it was very excellent in terms of productivity and environmental characteristics.

1: Low melting point aliphatic polyester 2: High melting point aliphatic polyester

Claims (4)

A spun yarn comprising only a composite binder fiber in which a binder component comprising a low melting point aliphatic polyester and a high melting point aliphatic polyester having a higher melting point than the binder component are combined. The spun yarn according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the composite binder fiber has a low melting point aliphatic polyester forming a sheath portion and a high melting point aliphatic polyester forming a core portion. A spun yarn, wherein the low melting point aliphatic polyester is polylactic acid having a melting point of 120 ° C or higher and a heat of fusion of 10 J / g or higher. A woven fabric constituted by the spun yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a binder component constituting the spun yarn is melted so that at least the intersection of the warp and the weft is thermally bonded. Characteristic mesh fabric.