JP3148694B2 - Cutter disc and cutter bit for shield machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cutter disk and a cutter bit for a shield machine used in tunnel construction work, and more particularly to a cutter disk adapted to cut a nomst wall by reducing cutting resistance, and And a cutter bit capable of reducing cutting resistance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A shield excavator used for tunnel construction has a rotating cutter disk at its tip. A plurality of cutter bits are provided on the front surface of the cutter disk. The shield machine rotates the cutter bit by rotating the cutter disk, starts from the starting standing pile, passes through the ground on the way, and finally excavates to the reaching standing pile.

FIG. 10 shows such a shield machine 10.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of a front end portion of FIG. 102 is the front torso, 111
Is a cutter disk, 121 is a cutter bit, 123
Is the center cutter, 103 is the cutter disk 111
Drive for rotating the chamber, 112 is the chamber, 104
Is a sludge pump for discharging the excavated soil in the chamber 112 to the outside.

FIG. 11 is a view of the cutter disk 111 as viewed from the front. It can be seen that the cutter bit 121 is arranged over substantially the entire front surface of the cutter disk 111. The cutter bit 121 has a radius R1 to R9.
Are arranged on each of the concentric circles. In addition,
Reference numeral 124 denotes a teeth cutter for cutting a portion left uncut by the cutter bit 121, and reference numeral 126 denotes a cutter slit for taking excavated soil into the chamber 112.

[0005]

In recent years, a portion of the sealing wall of the starting standing pile and the reaching standing pile, which is a passage opening through which the shield machine passes, is formed of a nomust wall which can be cut by a cutter disk. A nomust construction method has been put to practical use in which a shield opening machine is started and reached by forming a passage opening by cutting a nomust wall portion with a cutter disk.

However, the nomst wall is made of CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforce) in which carbon fiber is impregnated with resin and cured.
d Plastic)
It is a new material concrete in which FRP strands are solidified with mortar, and has a uniaxial compressive strength of, for example, 850 kg / cm ^2, and is a very hard material.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the nomust wall 150 is cut by a cutter disk 111 as shown in FIG. 151 is a cross section of the CFRP strand embedded in the nomst wall, and 152 is mortar. Reference numeral 141 denotes a locus of the cutter bit 121. In this way, the CFRP strand 151 is exposed at the uncut portion of the cutter bit 121.

FIG. 13 shows a trajectory 141 of the cutter bit 121 for cutting the nomst wall 150 and the nomst wall 150.
2 shows the relationship with the CFRP strand 151 embedded in the frame. Since the path 141 of the cutter bit 121 has the predetermined interval d, the CFRP strand 151 cut to, for example, about 1000 mm in length is discharged. However, as described above, the long CFRP strand 151 is
When taken into the chamber 12, the chamber 112 may be closed. When the CFRP strand 151 attempts to pass through the sludge pump 104, the discharge pump 10
4 and frequently block the sludge pump 104. In order to avoid such troubles, the arrangement of the cutter bits 121 on the cutter disk 111 is further increased in the radial direction so that the distance d between the trajectories 141 of the cutter bits 121 in FIG. May be shortened (for example, 300 mm or less). Short CFRP strand 151
In this case, the chamber 112 is not closed, and the impeller in the sludge pump 104 is not entangled. Therefore, the gas is directly discharged by the sludge pump 104 without closing the sludge pump 104.

However, if the arrangement of the cutter bits 121 on the cutter disk 111 is made dense, the cutting resistance of the cutter disk 111 increases, and there is a possibility that excavation becomes impossible, especially when passing through a hard nomst wall.

In recent years, cutter bits suitable for the nomust method have been developed. In this cutter bit, the blade is attached in an oblique direction to improve the bite into the nomust wall. In other words, this cutter bit is developed with a primary focus on cutting off the nomst wall with a small cutting force by causing peeling from the biting portion with respect to the nomst wall. However, as described above, if the arrangement of the cutter bits on the cutter disk is made dense, the cutting resistance of the cutter disk increases, and even if a cutter bit developed for the purpose of reducing the cutting resistance is adopted,
The meaning disappears.

An object of the present invention is to provide a cutter disk capable of avoiding blockage of a chamber or a mud pump without increasing cutting resistance.

On the other hand, FIG.
FIG. 4 is an oblique view of a cutter bit 121 arranged in FIG. Blades 121 are provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the upper surface of the cutter bit 121.
b is fixed. When the side surface 121a of the cutter bit 121 is arranged on the cutter disk 111,
This is a side surface facing the rotation center of the cutter disk 111.
This side surface 121a is planar. When the cutter bit 121 is rotated by the rotation of the cutter disk 111, the inner corner 121c of the blade 121b draws an arc-shaped locus.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the cutter bit 121 superimposed on the locus 131 drawn by the corner 121c. As can be seen from this figure, the side surface 121a passes further inside the trajectory 131. Therefore, when cutting a work such as mortar with the cutter bit 121, the work and the side surface 121a of the cutter bit 121 exert a reaction force on each other. Therefore, it is necessary to rotate the cutter bit 121 against the frictional resistance generated on the side surface 121a, and this is one factor that increases the cutting resistance of the cutter disk 111. This phenomenon is particularly conspicuous on the inner side of the cutter disk 111 where the curvature of the trajectory 131 increases, that is, on the cutter bit 121 arranged near the rotation center of the cutter disk 111.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a cutter bit and a cutter disk that reduce cutting resistance.

[0015]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a cutter bit according to the present application is provided on a side of a side facing a rotation center of the cutter disk when arranged on a front surface of the cutter disk, and substantially in a circumferential direction of the cutter disk. The central part is formed so as to be depressed.

Therefore, the side surface of the cutter bit passes outside the arc-shaped trajectory drawn by the inner corner of the blade of the cutter bit.

Therefore, when cutting a work such as mortar with the cutter bit, the work and the side surface of the cutter bit do not react with each other, and no frictional resistance occurs here.

[0018]

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A cutter disk according to the present invention is a cutter disk for a shield machine, and has a first cutter on a plurality of concentric circles centered on the rotation center of the cutter disk in front of the cutter disk. A bit is disposed, a second cutter bit is disposed at a substantially center position in a width direction of an annular portion sandwiched between adjacent concentric circles of the plurality of concentric circles, and a second cutter bit is disposed from a front surface of a cutter disk. The first cutter bit and the second cutter bit project from the front surface of the cutter disk so that the height is lower than the height of the first cutter bit from the front surface of the cutter disk. With such a configuration, a part of the cross section of the intermediate portion of the CFRP strand cut by the first cutter bit is cut by the second cutter bit. Since this part is easily broken, the CFRP strand does not block the chamber, and does not entangle with the impeller in the sludge pump to block the sludge pump.
In addition, since the second cutter bit does not cut so deeply as to cut the CFRP strand, the cutting resistance of the cutter disk does not greatly increase.

In the above-mentioned cutter disk, at least the center in the width direction of at least the outer circumferential portion of the annular portion sandwiched between adjacent concentric circles among the plurality of concentric circles on which the first cutter bit is disposed. A second cutter bit may be arranged at the position. This is because the CFRP strand cut by the first cutter bit does not become so long on the inner peripheral side, and thus the desired effect can be obtained by disposing the second cutter bit at least on the outer peripheral side.

Further, in the above-mentioned cutter disk, the second cutter bit is located substantially at the center in the width direction of all the annular portions sandwiched between adjacent concentric circles among the plurality of concentric circles on which the first cutter bit is arranged. May be arranged. In this case, the locus of the cutter bit is drawn over substantially the entire front surface of the cutter disk, so that it is not necessary to provide a teeth cutter on the cutter disk.

Further, the cutter bit of the present invention is
A cutter bit disposed on the front surface of a cutter disk of a shield machine, wherein a side surface facing the rotation center of the cutter disk when disposed on the front surface of the cutter disk is formed so that a substantially central portion in a circumferential direction of the cutter disk is depressed. ing. As the side shape at this time, for example, a V-shaped side shape can be adopted.

According to this structure, since the side surface of the cutter bit passes outside the arc-shaped locus drawn by the inner corner of the blade of the cutter bit, frictional resistance does not occur on the side surface of the cutter bit. . Therefore, the cutting resistance of the cutter disk can be reduced.

When disposing such a cutter bit on a cutter disk, the above-described cutter bit may be employed at least as the inner side cutter bit. This is because the curvature of the arc drawn by the cutter bit as a locus on the outer peripheral side is small, and even if the side surface of the cutter bit is flat as in the related art, the frictional resistance generated there is small.

[0025]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a shield machine 1 employing a cutter disk and a cutter bit according to the present invention.
It is a figure which mainly shows the cross section state near a front-end | tip part. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 2 denotes a front body, 11 denotes a cutter disk, and 3 denotes a driving device for rotating the cutter disk 10. A first cutter bit 21, a second cutter bit 22, and a center cutter 23 are provided on the front surface of the cutter disk 11. A chamber 12 is formed inside the cutter disk 11. When the cutter disk 11 is rotated by the driving of the driving device 3, the cutter bits 21, 2
2 and the like excavate the ground and the like, and the excavated soil and the like are taken into the chamber 12 through a cutter slit formed in the cutter disk 11. The excavated soil and the like taken into the chamber 12 are discharged from the mud pipe 5a through the mud pump 4
And is discharged to the outside through the drainage pipe 5b.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the cutter disk 11, and FIG.
First cutter bit 21, second cutter bit 22
It is a figure for showing the arrangement state of etc. 26 is a cutter slit. A center cutter 23 is provided at the center of the cutter disk 11. The two first cutter bits 21 are arranged on a circle having a radius of R1 to R9. These circles (circles of radii R1 to R9) are all concentric circles centered on point O in the figure. This point O is the center of rotation of the cutter disk 11. The second cutter bit 22 is disposed substantially at the center in the width direction of an annular portion sandwiched between a pair of adjacent concentric circles of the plurality of concentric circles. For example, the second cutter bit 22 arranged on a radius line extending in the direction A from the point O in the figure is arranged in an annular portion sandwiched between a circle having a radius R4 and a circle having a radius R5, and The annular portion is arranged on the center line L in the width direction. In this embodiment, the second cutter bit 2 is provided on all the annular portions sandwiched between a pair of adjacent concentric circles.
2 are arranged one by one.

FIG. 3 is a diagram centering on point O in FIG.
It is a figure which shows how the 1st cutter bit 21 and the 2nd cutter bit 22 are arrange | positioned on each radial line extended to A-F direction. Looking at this, two first cutter bits 21 are arranged on each of the circles of the radii R1 to R9, and one second cutter bit 22 is provided in an annular portion sandwiched between adjacent concentric circles. You can see that they are arranged one by one.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the first cutter bit 21 and the second cutter bit 22. H in the figure
1 and h2 indicate the height from the front surface of the cutter disk 11 when the first cutter bit 21 and the second cutter bit 22 are arranged on the front surface of the cutter disk 11, respectively. Is also small. In this embodiment, h1 = 90 mm and h2 = 80 mm.
Thus, in this embodiment, there is a difference of 10 mm between the two.

FIG. 5 shows all the first cutter bits 2
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the arrangement state of 1 and all the second cutter bits 22 in the radial direction of the cutter disk 11 in an overlapping manner. As shown in FIG. 5A, the first cutter bit 2
The width e of the second cutter bit 22 may be equal to the width e of the second cutter bit 22 as shown in FIG. 5B. The width f may be reduced. Although not shown, the width of the second cutter bit 22 may be larger than the interval between the first cutter bits 21.

As described above, the second cutter bit 2
2 is lower in height than the first cutter bit 21, and as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the cutter bits 21 and 22 are extended over almost the entire length of the front surface of the cutter disk 11 in the radial direction. Even if it is arranged, the cutting resistance of the cutter disk 11 does not increase so much.

The second cutter bit 22 cuts the uncut portion of the first cutter bit 21. Therefore, it is not necessary to arrange a tooth cutter in this portion. Then, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the radii R1 to R where the first cutter bit 21 is disposed are set.
By arranging the second cutter bit 22 in all the ring portions sandwiched between two adjacent circles of the circle of No. 9,
The teeth bit can be eliminated over the entire front surface of the cutter disk. As can be seen from FIG. 2, in this embodiment, no teeth bit is provided on the front surface of the cutter disk 11.

The CFRP strand is cut in a long piece state by the first cutter bit 21 particularly on the outer peripheral side of the cutter disk 11. Therefore, the second cutter bit 22 may be arranged only on the outer peripheral side of the cutter disk 11, for example, in the range of P2 in FIG. However, in this case, the cutter disc 11
, For example, in the range of P1 in FIG. 5, it is necessary to provide teeth bits.

FIG. 6 shows a cross section of the nomust wall 50 that is cut by the rotation of the cutter disk 11 together with the trajectory 41 of the first cutter bit 21 and the trajectory 42 of the second cutter bit 22. 51 is C
FRP strand, 52 is mortar. A part of the cross section of the CFRP strand 51 that appears in the uncut portion of the first cutter bit 21
Is cut off, and the cross section of the CFRP strand 51 is substantially semicircular.

FIG. 7 shows the CF exposed from the nomust wall 50.
A state where the first cutter bit 21 and the second cutter bit 22 cut the RP strand 51 is shown. In FIG. 7A, reference numeral 41 denotes a trajectory of the first cutter bit 21, and reference numeral 42 denotes a trajectory of the second cutter bit 22.
FIG. 7B is a sectional view taken along the line kk of FIG. 7A.
The CFRP strand 51 is cut by the first cutter bit 21 to a length of 1000 mm. The second cutter bit 22 cuts a part of the cross section of the cut CFRP strand 51 at the intermediate portion. Therefore,
The portion of the cut CFRP strand 51 where the original cross section remains as it is has a maximum length of about 300 mm. The cut CFRP strand 51 having a length of 1000 mm has a reduced strength at a portion n where a part of the cross section is cut by the second cutter bit 22, and can be easily folded there. Therefore, even if the CFRP strand 51 having a length of 1000 mm is sent to the chamber 12 of the shield machine 1, if a small force is applied to the CFRP strand 51 in the chamber 12, the CFRP strand 51 is broken short.
2 is not blocked. In addition, this length 1000mm
Even when the CFRP strand 51 is sent to the sludge pump 4, the strand is broken short due to a force applied by an impeller or the like in the sludge pump 4. Therefore, the sludge pump 4
Is discharged to the outside through the drainage pipe 5b.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the details of the shape of the first cutter bit 21. FIG. 8A is an oblique view of the first cutter bit 21, and FIG.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of 1 as viewed from above. The shape characteristic of the first cutter bit can be clearly understood especially from FIG. In this embodiment, it is concave in a V-shape. When the side surface 21a is arranged on the front surface of the cutter disk 11,
Are the side faces facing the rotation center O. Therefore, the longitudinal direction of the first cutter bit 21 in the plan view of FIG.
When the first cutter bit 21 is arranged on the front surface of the cutter disk 11, it coincides with the circumferential direction of the cutter disk 11. When the first cutter bit 21 is arranged on the cutter disk 11 and rotates, the inner corner 21c of the blade 21b draws a circular locus.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the first cutter bit 21 superimposed on the locus 31 of the corner 21c. As can be seen from this figure, the side surface 21a does not pass inside the trajectory 31. Therefore, when cutting the work such as mortar by the first cutter bit 21, the work and the side surface 21a of the first cutter bit 21 do not exert a reaction force on each other. Conventionally, the frictional resistance generated on the side surface of the cutter bit has contributed to the cutting resistance of the cutter disk. However, when the central portion of the side surface 21a is formed to be concave like the first cutter bit 21, 2
No friction occurs in 1a, so that the cutting resistance of the cutter disk 11 can be reduced.

The shape characteristic of the first cutter bit 21 described with reference to FIGS.
Has also been adopted. Then, in the shield machine 1 of the present embodiment, this shape characteristic is used for all the first cutter bits 21 and all the second cutter bits 2.
2 adopted. However, the curvature of the locus of the cutter bit is small on the outer peripheral side of the cutter disk 11, and the problem of the frictional resistance is smaller than that on the inner peripheral side. Therefore, this shape characteristic may be adopted only for the cutter bit in the inner peripheral side of the front surface of the cutter disk 11, for example, in the range of P1 in FIG.

Although FIGS. 8 and 9 show the cutter bit 21 having the V-shaped side surface 21a, the shape of the side surface is not limited to the V shape. In short, it is only necessary that the approximate center of the side surface be concave.

[0040]

The present invention is embodied in the form described above and has the following effects.

[0041]

[0042]

According to the cutter bit of the present invention and the cutter disk provided with the cutter bit, the frictional resistance on the side surface of the cutter bit can be reduced, whereby the cutting resistance of the cutter disk can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a cross-sectional state mainly in the vicinity of a tip end of a shield machine using a cutter disk and a cutter bit according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the cutter disk.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing how a first cutter bit and a second cutter bit are arranged on respective radial lines extending from A to F around a point O in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an oblique view of a first cutter bit and a second cutter bit.

FIG. 5 is a view in which all first cutter bits and all second cutter bits are arranged in the cutter disk radial direction in an overlapping manner.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a cross section of a nomust wall that is cut by rotation of a cutter disk, together with a locus of a first cutter bit and a locus of a second cutter bit.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state in which a first cutter bit and a second cutter bit cut a CFRP strand exposed from a nomst wall.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing details of the shape of a first cutter bit. FIG. 8A is an oblique view of the first cutter bit, and FIG. 8B is a plan view of the first cutter bit as viewed from above.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a first cutter bit superimposed on a locus of a corner of a blade.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the tip of the shield machine.

FIG. 11 is a front view of the cutter disk.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a nomust wall is cut by a cutter disk.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a relationship between a trajectory of a cutter bit for cutting a nomst wall and CFRP strands embedded in the nomst wall.

FIG. 14 is an oblique view of a cutter bit arranged on a cutter disk.

FIG. 15 is a view showing a cutter bit superimposed on a locus of a corner of a blade.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Shield excavator 2 ... Front trunk 3 ... Driving machine 4 ... Drainage pump 5a, 5b ... Drainage pipe 11 ... Cutter disk 12 ... Chamber 21 ... First cutter bit 22 ... Second cutter bit 23 ... Center cutter 26 ... Cutter slit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Yoshikazu Miyauchi 2-9-1-1, Tobita-Shi, Chofu-shi, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yasunori Kondo 1-chome, Higashikawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo No. 1-3 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.Kobe Head Office (72) Inventor Fumio Car 1-3-1, Higashi Kawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.Kobe Head Office (72) Inventor Saburo Morio Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture 1-3 1-3 Higashi-Kawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Kobe Head Office (56) References JP-A-4-5397 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 9/08

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cutter bit disposed on a front surface of a cutter disk of a shield machine, wherein a side of a side facing a rotation center of the cutter disk when disposed on a front surface of the cutter disk has a substantially central portion in a circumferential direction of the cutter disk. Cutter bit formed to be concave. 2. The cutter bit according to claim 1, wherein the side surface is formed in a V-shape so that a substantially central portion of the side surface in the circumferential direction of the cutter disk is depressed. 3. A cutter disk for a shield machine in which a plurality of cutter bits are arranged on substantially the entire front surface of a cutter disk, wherein the cutter bits arranged at least on the inner peripheral side.
Or a cutter disk which is the cutter bit according to 2.