JP3146541B2 - Fuel cell - Google Patents
Fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JP3146541B2 JP3146541B2 JP21048191A JP21048191A JP3146541B2 JP 3146541 B2 JP3146541 B2 JP 3146541B2 JP 21048191 A JP21048191 A JP 21048191A JP 21048191 A JP21048191 A JP 21048191A JP 3146541 B2 JP3146541 B2 JP 3146541B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- moisture
- electrolyte membrane
- gas
- supplied
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は自動車、電車、船舶、宇
宙船、深海発電設備、地上発電設備等の発電装置として
利用可能な固体高分子型の燃料電池に関するもので、特
に電解質膜を均一に加湿することができる燃料電池に関
するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell which can be used as a power generation device for a car, a train, a ship, a spacecraft, a deep sea power generation facility, a terrestrial power generation facility and the like. The present invention relates to a fuel cell that can be humidified.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】固体高分子電解質（ＳＰＥ）を用いた固
体高分子型燃料電池（ＳＰＥＦＣ）で従来知られている
ものに、図３に示すものがある。2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 shows a conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell (SPEFC) using a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE).
【０００３】図３に示す従来の固体高分子型燃料電池
は、電解質膜１の両側をカソード２とアノード３の両電
極で挟み、且つカソード２側とアノード３側にそれぞれ
ガス通路４と５を集電体にて形成し、カソード２側のガ
ス通路４には酸化剤ガスとして空気又は酸素Ｏ2 を供給
すると共にアノード３側のガス通路５には燃料ガスとし
て水素Ｈ2 を供給するようにし、ガス通路４，５の外側
の電極端子板６，７から電気が取り出せるようにし、更
に、上記各端子板６，７の外側に水を流通できる流路
８，９を形成して冷却できるようにしてある。１０はポ
リプロピレンフレーム、１１はパッキンである（G S Ne
ws Technical Report,Vol.45, NO.2, Dec. 1986 の「イ
オン交換膜型燃料電池の作動条件と特性」）。In the conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell shown in FIG. 3, both sides of an electrolyte membrane 1 are sandwiched between a cathode 2 and an anode 3, and gas passages 4 and 5 are formed on the cathode 2 side and the anode 3 side, respectively. It is formed of a current collector, and air or oxygen O 2 is supplied as an oxidizing gas to the gas passage 4 on the cathode 2 side, and hydrogen H 2 is supplied as a fuel gas to the gas passage 5 on the anode 3 side. Then, electricity can be taken out from the electrode terminal plates 6 and 7 outside the gas passages 4 and 5, and channels 8 and 9 through which water can flow can be formed outside the terminal plates 6 and 7 so that cooling can be performed. It is. 10 is a polypropylene frame, 11 is a packing (GS Ne
ws Technical Report, Vol. 45, NO. 2, Dec. 1986, “Operating conditions and characteristics of ion exchange membrane fuel cells”).
【０００４】上記の固体高分子型燃料電池において電解
質膜１を加湿する手段としては、アノード３側へ供給さ
れる水素ガスに水分を含ませて加湿水素として供給さ
せ、多孔質のアノード３を水が通って電解質膜１に達す
るようにしたり、あるいは、ウイックを用いて電解質膜
１に周囲から水分を補給するようにするものもある。As means for humidifying the electrolyte membrane 1 in the above polymer electrolyte fuel cell, hydrogen gas supplied to the anode 3 side is made to contain moisture and supplied as humidified hydrogen, and the porous anode 3 is treated with water. In some cases, water passes through the electrolyte membrane 1 to reach the electrolyte membrane 1 or moisture is supplied from the surroundings to the electrolyte membrane 1 using a wick.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、上記従来の
固体高分子型燃料電池の加湿方式は、燃料電池に供給さ
れる水素ガスを加湿することにより電解質膜１に水を補
給するものであるため、燃料電池の入口側と出口側で電
解質膜に供給できる湿分濃度が異なり、電解質膜１の湿
分が均一になりにくいという問題があり、更に、燃料電
池の大出力化のために電解質膜１を大きくすると、燃料
電池の出口付近で湿分が不足するため、電解質膜をあま
り大きくできないこと、負荷変動が生じると燃料ガス及
び酸化剤ガスの供給量が変化するが、電解質膜１で必要
とする水分をガス中に充分に含ませることができないの
で、負荷変動が頻繁に行われた場合に電解質膜１の寿命
低下を招くことになり、急速な負荷変動を頻繁に行うこ
とができなくなること、等の問題がある。However, the conventional humidification method of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell replenishes water to the electrolyte membrane 1 by humidifying hydrogen gas supplied to the fuel cell. There is a problem that the moisture concentration that can be supplied to the electrolyte membrane is different between the inlet side and the outlet side of the fuel cell, making it difficult for the moisture of the electrolyte membrane 1 to be uniform. If the value of 1 is increased, the amount of moisture in the outlet of the fuel cell is insufficient, so that the electrolyte membrane cannot be made too large. If the load fluctuates, the supply amounts of the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas change. Can not be sufficiently contained in the gas, so that when the load changes frequently, the life of the electrolyte membrane 1 is shortened, and the rapid load change cannot be performed frequently. And, there is a problem and the like.
【０００６】そこで、本発明は、湿分を電解質膜の各部
に直接供給することによって湿分の均一な供給を図ると
共に、電解質膜が大きくなっても均一に湿分の供給がで
き、更に、負荷変動があっても常に一定の水分を補給で
きて負荷変動が頻繁に行われても電解質膜の寿命低下を
防ぐことができるような燃料電池を提供しようとするも
のである。Accordingly, the present invention aims at uniform supply of moisture by directly supplying moisture to each part of the electrolyte membrane, and can evenly supply moisture even if the electrolyte membrane becomes large. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel cell which can constantly supply a constant amount of water even when there is a load change and can prevent a decrease in the life of the electrolyte membrane even when the load changes frequently.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記課題を解
決するために、振動子により微細な水の粒子を作り、該
水の粒子を含むガスを圧送させるブロワを備えた加湿器
を設け、電解質膜を多孔質のカソードとアノードの両電
極で両面から挟み、その外側にガス通路を介して電極端
子板を配置してなる燃料電池において、上記カソード側
及びアノード側の各ガス通路の複数個所に、それぞれ上
記加湿器を複数の湿分供給流路を介し接続して、カソー
ド、アノードへ供給するガスとは別に微細な水の粒子を
含むガスを電解質膜の各部へ直接供給するようにし、且
つ燃料電池の負荷指令と燃料電池出口の湿分濃度に基づ
き加湿器での振動子による水の粒子発生量、ブロワによ
る送り量を制御する湿分制御回路を備えた構成とする。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a humidifier provided with a blower for producing fine water particles by a vibrator and for pressure-feeding a gas containing the water particles. In a fuel cell in which an electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between both surfaces of a porous cathode and an anode from both sides, and an electrode terminal plate is disposed outside of the electrolyte membrane via a gas passage, a plurality of the gas passages on the cathode side and the anode side are provided. At each location, the humidifier is connected via a plurality of moisture supply channels, so that a gas containing fine water particles is supplied directly to each part of the electrolyte membrane separately from the gas supplied to the cathode and the anode. In addition, a configuration is provided that includes a moisture control circuit that controls the amount of water particles generated by the vibrator in the humidifier and the amount of feed by the blower based on the load command of the fuel cell and the moisture concentration at the outlet of the fuel cell.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】燃料電池のカソード側へ供給される酸化剤ガス
及びアノード側へ供給される燃料ガスとは別に、加湿器
で作られた微細な水の粒子を湿分としてカソード側及び
アノード側のガス通路の各部分に供給するので、湿分は
ガス通路からカソード、アノードの内部を通って電解質
膜に直接供給される。これにより電解質膜には均一に湿
分が供給されると共に、電解質膜が大きくなっても均一
な湿分の供給ができて大出力化が可能となる。又、負荷
変動に追従して湿分の量を変化させられるので、負荷変
動が頻繁に行われた場合でも電解質膜の寿命低下を防ぐ
ことができる。更に、燃料ガス、酸化剤ガスの圧力に関
係なく常に一定の水分を供給できると共に、その供給量
を湿分制御回路で制御していることから、カソードの加
湿量を最適化することにより、カソードの加湿量の不足
によるセル電圧の低下や、カソードの加湿のし過ぎによ
るフラッディング現象を引き起こす虞を解消することが
できる。In addition to the oxidizing gas supplied to the cathode side and the fuel gas supplied to the anode side of the fuel cell, fine water particles produced by a humidifier are used as moisture for the gas on the cathode side and the anode side. Since moisture is supplied to each part of the passage, the moisture is supplied directly from the gas passage to the electrolyte membrane through the inside of the cathode and the anode. Thereby, the moisture is uniformly supplied to the electrolyte membrane, and even if the electrolyte membrane becomes large, the uniform moisture can be supplied, and the output can be increased. Further, since the amount of moisture can be changed according to the load change, it is possible to prevent the life of the electrolyte membrane from being shortened even when the load change is performed frequently. Furthermore, the constant moisture can be supplied regardless of the pressure of the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas, and the supply amount is controlled by the moisture control circuit. In this case, the cell voltage may be reduced due to insufficient humidification amount, and the flooding phenomenon may be caused due to excessive humidification of the cathode.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図面を参照して説明
する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１０】図１は本発明の実施例の概要を示すもの
で、図３と同様に、固体高分子電解質膜１をカソード２
とアノード３の両電極で両側から挟み、カソード２側に
は、酸化剤ガスとして空気又は酸素Ｏ2 を供給するため
のガス通路４を形成すると共に、アノード３には、燃料
ガスとして水素ガスＨ2 を供給するガス通路５を形成
し、更に、該各ガス通路４と５の外側に電極端子板６と
７を配設し、カソード２とアノード３の周辺部にパッキ
ン１１を配置した構成の燃料電池に、振動子１３により
微細な水の粒子１４ａを作る加湿器１２を付属させて設
置し、該加湿器１２で作られた水の粒子１４ａを、カソ
ード２側及びアノード３側のガス通路４と５の各部へ湿
分として供給できるようにするため、加湿器１２と各ガ
ス通路４，５とを複数の湿分供給流路１５を介して接続
し、各湿分供給流路１５の入口部分にブロワ１６を各々
設置し、更に、加湿器１２内で作られた水の粒子（湿
分）１４ａを湿分供給流路１５入口側へ移動させるブロ
ワ１７を加湿器１２内に設け、上記振動子１３及びブロ
ワ１６，１７を湿分制御回路１８からの指令によりコン
トロールして、適量の湿分が燃料電池の電解質膜１へ供
給されるようにする。FIG. 1 shows the outline of an embodiment of the present invention. As in FIG.
A gas passage 4 for supplying air or oxygen O 2 as an oxidizing gas is formed on the cathode 2 side, and a hydrogen gas H as a fuel gas is formed on the anode 3. 2 is formed, and further, electrode terminal plates 6 and 7 are arranged outside the gas passages 4 and 5, and a packing 11 is arranged around the cathode 2 and the anode 3. A humidifier 12 for producing fine water particles 14a by a vibrator 13 is attached to the fuel cell, and the water particles 14a produced by the humidifier 12 are supplied to a gas passage on the cathode 2 side and the anode 3 side. The humidifier 12 and each of the gas passages 4 and 5 are connected via a plurality of moisture supply passages 15 so as to be able to supply moisture to the respective sections 4 and 5. Blowers 16 are installed at the entrance, respectively, and a humidifier A blower 17 is provided in the humidifier 12 for moving water particles (moisture) 14a formed in the humidifier 12 to the inlet side of the moisture supply flow path 15, and the vibrator 13 and the blowers 16, 17 are connected to a moisture control circuit. Controlled by a command from the control unit 18, an appropriate amount of moisture is supplied to the electrolyte membrane 1 of the fuel cell.
【００１１】今、燃料電池の電解質膜１の加湿のために
水分を供給する場合は、超音波加湿器の振動子と同様の
原理を応用して振動子１３により水１４を振動させて加
湿器１２内に微細な水の粒子１４ａを作り空気に含ま
せ、これをブロワ１７により移動させると共に、各湿分
供給流路１５の入口部のブロワ１６により該湿分供給流
路１５に送り込み、ガス通路４，５の各部へ吹き出させ
るようにする。ガス通路４，５に導かれた水の粒子（湿
分）１４ａは、ガス通路４，５から多孔質のカソード２
とアノード３内を通過して電解質膜１に達し加湿され
る。この際、カソード２及びアノード３内を通過する湿
分は、毛細管現象によりカソード２及びアノード３の孔
に浸入して電解質膜１に達する。When water is supplied for humidifying the electrolyte membrane 1 of the fuel cell, water 14 is vibrated by the vibrator 13 by applying the same principle as the vibrator of the ultrasonic humidifier. Fine water particles 14a are formed in the air 12 and contained in the air, which are moved by a blower 17 and sent to the moisture supply flow path 15 by a blower 16 at the inlet of each moisture supply flow path 15, and the gas is removed. The air is blown out to each part of the passages 4 and 5. The water particles (moisture) 14 a guided to the gas passages 4 and 5 pass through the porous cathode 2 from the gas passages 4 and 5.
And the anode 3 to reach the electrolyte membrane 1 and be humidified. At this time, moisture passing through the cathode 2 and the anode 3 penetrates into the holes of the cathode 2 and the anode 3 by capillary action and reaches the electrolyte membrane 1.
【００１２】上記電解質膜１への水分補給は、燃料電池
の負荷変動や実際の燃料電池出口の湿分濃度に応じて適
量の湿分を供給するようにする。図２はその制御ブロッ
ク図を示すもので、負荷変動に伴う負荷指令ａと燃料電
池出口の湿分濃度計１９の値ｂに基づき湿分制御回路１
８にて振動子１３の電気入力とブロワ１６，１７の電気
入力を演算して、振動子１３及びブロワ１６，１７へ指
令を発し、振動子１３により発生すべき湿分の量と、湿
分供給流路１５を流れる湿分の量をコントロールするこ
とにより、電解質膜１に適量の湿分を均等に供給するこ
とができることになる。The supply of water to the electrolyte membrane 1 is performed by supplying an appropriate amount of moisture according to the load fluctuation of the fuel cell and the actual moisture concentration at the outlet of the fuel cell. FIG. 2 shows a control block diagram of the humidity control circuit 1 based on a load command a accompanying a load change and a value b of a moisture concentration meter 19 at the fuel cell outlet.
At 8, the electric input of the vibrator 13 and the electric inputs of the blowers 16, 17 are calculated, and a command is issued to the vibrator 13 and the blowers 16, 17. By controlling the amount of moisture flowing through the supply channel 15, an appropriate amount of moisture can be uniformly supplied to the electrolyte membrane 1.
【００１３】このように、本発明においては、カソード
２やアノード３へ供給するガスとは別に、微細な水の粒
子１４ａを含むガスを複数の湿分供給流路１５を通して
電解質膜１の各部へ直接供給するようにしてあることか
ら、電解質膜１に水の粒子１４ａを均等に供給すること
ができると共に、上記電解質膜１に供給する湿分の量
を、燃料電池の負荷指令ａと燃料電池出口に設けた湿分
濃度計１９の値ｂに基づいて最適の量として供給するこ
とができることから、燃料電池の大出力化のために電解
質膜１を大きくしても水分を均等に供給できて、従来の
水素ないし酸素を加湿して供給する方式の如き電解質膜
１が大きくなると出口付近で湿分が不足する事態を未然
に防止でき、又、ウイックを用いて電解質膜１の周囲か
ら水分を補給する方式に比して本発明では一定の水分補
給ができる。この際、カソード２、アノード３とも供給
ガスの圧力に関係なく、水の粒子１４ａを供給すること
ができると共に、その供給量を湿分制御回路で制御して
いることから、カソード２、アノード３とも加湿量を最
適に保つことができ、特に、カソード２の加湿量を最適
化することで、該カソード２の加湿量の不足によるセル
電圧の低下や、カソード２の加湿のし過ぎによるフラッ
ディング現象を引き起こす虞はない。As described above, in the present invention, a gas containing fine water particles 14 a is supplied to each part of the electrolyte membrane 1 through the plurality of moisture supply channels 15, separately from the gas supplied to the cathode 2 and the anode 3. Since the water is directly supplied, the water particles 14a can be uniformly supplied to the electrolyte membrane 1, and the amount of moisture supplied to the electrolyte membrane 1 can be determined by the load command a of the fuel cell and the fuel cell. Since it can be supplied as an optimal amount based on the value b of the moisture concentration meter 19 provided at the outlet, even if the electrolyte membrane 1 is enlarged to increase the output of the fuel cell, water can be supplied evenly. When the electrolyte membrane 1 becomes large as in the conventional method of supplying hydrogen or oxygen by humidification and supply, moisture shortage near the outlet can be prevented beforehand, and moisture can be removed from around the electrolyte membrane 1 using a wick. Those who supply It is constant hydration in the present invention compared to. At this time, both the cathode 2 and the anode 3 can supply the water particles 14a irrespective of the pressure of the supply gas, and the supply amount is controlled by the moisture control circuit. In both cases, the humidification amount can be kept optimal. In particular, by optimizing the humidification amount of the cathode 2, the cell voltage decreases due to the shortage of the humidification amount of the cathode 2, and the flooding phenomenon due to excessive humidification of the cathode 2. There is no danger of causing.
【００１４】なお、本発明は上記実施例のみに限定され
るものではなく、たとえば、湿分供給流路１５の本数や
ガス通路４，５への接続個所、等は図示以外でもよいこ
と、その他本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種
々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the number of the moisture supply passages 15 and the connection points to the gas passages 4 and 5 may be other than those shown in the drawings. It goes without saying that various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の効果】以上述べた如く、本発明の燃料電池によ
れば、振動子により微細な水の粒子を作り、該水の粒子
を含むガスを圧送させるブロワを備えた加湿器を設け、
電解質膜を多孔質のカソードとアノードの両電極で両面
から挟み、その外側にガス通路を介して電極端子板を配
置してなる燃料電池において、上記カソード側及びアノ
ード側の各ガス通路の複数個所に、それぞれ上記加湿器
を複数の湿分供給流路を介し接続して、カソード、アノ
ードへ供給するガスとは別に微細な水の粒子を含むガス
を電解質膜の各部へ直接供給するようにし、且つ燃料電
池の負荷指令と燃料電池出口の湿分濃度に基づき加湿器
での振動子による水の粒子発生量、ブロワによる送り量
を制御する湿分制御回路を備えた構成としてあるので、
従来、燃料ガスを加湿して燃料電池に供給する場合に生
じていた如き燃料電池の入口と出口で電解質膜に供給で
きる湿分濃度が異なって電解質膜の湿分が均一にならな
いという問題を解消して、電解質膜の湿分を均一にする
ことができ、又、上記電解質膜に供給する湿分の量を、
燃料電池の負荷指令と燃料電池出口に設けた湿分濃度計
の値に基づいて最適の量として供給するようにしている
ことから、燃料電池の大出力化のために電解質膜を大き
くしても、各部より電解質膜に水分を供給できることか
ら均等に供給できて、燃料電池の大出力化とコンパクト
化が可能となり、更に、燃料電池の負荷変動時にも負荷
変動に追従して電解質膜への補給量をコントロールして
常に一定の水分を電解質膜に補給することができて、急
速負荷変動が可能となると共に、負荷変動が頻繁に行わ
れた場合の電解質膜の寿命の低下を防止できて、負荷変
動を頻繁に行うことも可能となり、電解質膜の寿命が延
びることから燃料電池の寿命が長くすることができて、
１つのプラントの寿命中に燃料電池を交換しなければな
らない回数を減らすことができることから、燃料電池の
設備費を減少させることができ、更に又、従来の如く、
燃料電池に供給する燃料ガスや酸化剤ガスを加湿して電
解質膜に水分を補給するのではないことから、これら燃
料ガス、酸化剤ガスの圧力に関係なく常に一定の水分を
供給できると共に、その供給量を湿分制御回路で制御し
ていることから、カソード、アノードとも加湿量を最適
に保つことができ、特に、カソードの加湿量を最適化す
ることにより、カソードの加湿量の不足によるセル電圧
の低下や、カソードの加湿のし過ぎによるフラッディン
グ現象を引き起こす虞を解消することができ、したがっ
て、この種の燃料電池の応用範囲の拡大、利用の促進に
非常に役立つという優れた効果を発揮する。As described above, according to the fuel cell of the present invention, a humidifier provided with a blower for producing fine water particles by a vibrator and for pumping a gas containing the water particles is provided.
In a fuel cell in which an electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between both electrodes of a porous cathode and an anode from both sides, and an electrode terminal plate is arranged outside of the electrolyte membrane via a gas passage, a plurality of portions of each of the cathode and anode gas passages are provided. In each, the humidifier is connected via a plurality of moisture supply flow paths, the cathode, the gas containing fine water particles separately from the gas to be supplied to the anode, so as to be directly supplied to each part of the electrolyte membrane, Also, since it is configured to include a moisture control circuit that controls the amount of water particles generated by the vibrator in the humidifier and the amount of feed by the blower based on the load command of the fuel cell and the moisture concentration at the fuel cell outlet,
Conventionally, the problem that the concentration of moisture that can be supplied to the electrolyte membrane at the inlet and the outlet of the fuel cell is different due to the fact that the fuel gas is humidified and supplied to the fuel cell, and the moisture in the electrolyte membrane is not uniform is solved. Thus, the moisture of the electrolyte membrane can be made uniform, and the amount of moisture supplied to the electrolyte membrane is
Since the optimal amount is supplied based on the load command of the fuel cell and the value of the moisture concentration meter provided at the outlet of the fuel cell, even if the electrolyte membrane is enlarged to increase the output of the fuel cell, Since the water can be supplied to the electrolyte membrane from each part, it can be supplied evenly, and the output of the fuel cell can be increased and the fuel cell can be made compact.Furthermore, even when the load of the fuel cell fluctuates, it can be supplied to the electrolyte membrane following the load fluctuation. A constant amount of water can be constantly supplied to the electrolyte membrane by controlling the amount, and a rapid load change can be performed, and a decrease in the life of the electrolyte membrane when the load change is frequently performed can be prevented. It is also possible to frequently change the load, and since the life of the electrolyte membrane is extended, the life of the fuel cell can be extended,
Since the number of times that the fuel cell has to be replaced during the life of one plant can be reduced, the equipment cost of the fuel cell can be reduced.
Since the fuel gas and oxidizing gas supplied to the fuel cell are not humidified to replenish moisture to the electrolyte membrane, constant moisture can always be supplied regardless of the pressure of the fuel gas and oxidizing gas. Since the supply amount is controlled by the moisture control circuit, the humidification amount of both the cathode and the anode can be kept optimal. In particular, by optimizing the humidification amount of the cathode, the cell due to insufficient humidification amount of the cathode This eliminates the possibility of flooding caused by a drop in voltage or excessive humidification of the cathode, and therefore has an excellent effect of greatly expanding the application range and promoting the use of this type of fuel cell. I do.
【図１】本発明の燃料電池の概要図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の燃料電池の制御要領を示すブロック図
である。FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a control procedure of the fuel cell according to the present invention.
【図３】従来の一例を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the related art.
１ 電解質膜 ２ カソード ３ アノード ４，５ ガス通路 ６，７ 電極端子板 １２ 加湿器 １３ 振動子 １４ａ 水の粒子 １５ 湿分供給流路 １６，１７ ブロワ １８ 湿分制御回路 ａ 負荷指令 ｂ 湿分濃度値 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electrolyte membrane 2 Cathode 3 Anode 4,5 Gas passage 6,7 Electrode terminal plate 12 Humidifier 13 Vibrator 14a Water particle 15 Moisture supply flow path 16,17 Blower 18 Moisture control circuit a Load command b Moisture concentration value
Claims (1)
水の粒子を含むガスを圧送させるブロワを備えた加湿器
を設け、電解質膜を多孔質のカソードとアノードの両電
極で両面から挟み、その外側にガス通路を介して電極端
子板を配置してなる燃料電池において、上記カソード側
及びアノード側の各ガス通路の複数個所に、それぞれ上
記加湿器を複数の湿分供給流路を介し接続して、カソー
ド、アノードへ供給するガスとは別に微細な水の粒子を
含むガスを電解質膜の各部へ直接供給するようにし、且
つ燃料電池の負荷指令と燃料電池出口の湿分濃度に基づ
き加湿器での振動子による水の粒子発生量、ブロワによ
る送り量を制御する湿分制御回路を備えた構成を有する
ことを特徴とする燃料電池。1. A humidifier provided with a blower for producing fine water particles by a vibrator and for pumping a gas containing the water particles, wherein an electrolyte membrane is formed on both sides of a porous cathode and an anode from both sides. In a fuel cell having an electrode terminal plate disposed on the outside thereof via a gas passage, the humidifier is provided with a plurality of moisture supply passages at a plurality of locations on each of the cathode and anode gas passages. The gas containing fine water particles is supplied directly to each part of the electrolyte membrane separately from the gas supplied to the cathode and the anode, and the load command of the fuel cell and the moisture concentration at the outlet of the fuel cell are controlled. A fuel cell having a configuration provided with a moisture control circuit that controls the amount of water particles generated by a vibrator in a humidifier and the amount of water sent by a blower.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21048191A JP3146541B2 (en) | 1991-07-29 | 1991-07-29 | Fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21048191A JP3146541B2 (en) | 1991-07-29 | 1991-07-29 | Fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0536428A JPH0536428A (en) | 1993-02-12 |
| JP3146541B2 true JP3146541B2 (en) | 2001-03-19 |
Family
ID=16590064
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21048191A Expired - Fee Related JP3146541B2 (en) | 1991-07-29 | 1991-07-29 | Fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3146541B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4318818C2 (en) * | 1993-06-07 | 1995-05-04 | Daimler Benz Ag | Method and device for providing conditioned process air for air-breathing fuel cell systems |
| DE19821766C1 (en) * | 1998-05-14 | 1999-06-24 | Siemens Ag | Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack |
| US6821660B2 (en) | 1998-09-08 | 2004-11-23 | Fideris, Inc. | Gas humidification device for operation, testing, and evaluation of fuel cells |
| AU2001260867A1 (en) * | 2000-05-04 | 2001-11-12 | Abb Ab | A method and a system for humidifying membranes in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell assembly |
| JP3698038B2 (en) * | 2000-09-12 | 2005-09-21 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Solid polymer membrane fuel cell |
| JP4886170B2 (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2012-02-29 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
| KR101320987B1 (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2013-10-22 | 인제대학교 산학협력단 | Humidifier for Fuel Cell |
-
1991
- 1991-07-29 JP JP21048191A patent/JP3146541B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0536428A (en) | 1993-02-12 |
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