JP3138407B2 - Fruit and vegetable cultivation management device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for managing the cultivation of fruits and vegetables.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a cultivation management of fruits and vegetables, for example, there is a determination of whether or not harvesting is possible to determine whether or not the quality of fruits and vegetables is in a harvestable state. Conventionally, when judging whether fruits and vegetables can be harvested, an operator visually recognizes the color and shape of the fruits and vegetables and empirically determines whether or not the fruits can be harvested.

[0003]

However, as in the prior art, the operator is empirically based on sensuous quality information such as that the fruits and vegetables have a blue or red color or a large or small shape. In the case of judging the possibility of harvesting fruits and vegetables, it was not possible to accurately judge whether or not the quality of fruits and vegetables is in a harvestable state.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cultivation management apparatus for fruits and vegetables which can accurately determine whether or not the quality of fruits and vegetables is in a harvestable state. It is in.

[0005]

A first characteristic configuration of the fruit and vegetable cultivation management apparatus according to the present invention is a measuring means capable of measuring quality information of a fruit and vegetable being cultivated, and the quality information measured by the measuring means. Harvest determination means for determining whether or not the quality information of the fruits and vegetables is in a harvestable state based on the set quality information, and output means for outputting a determination result of the harvest determination means are provided, and the quality information includes a sugar content. , Hardness, acidity, water
Includes a plurality of quality item information aliquot and starch amount, the
The set quality information corresponds to the plurality of quality item information.
Includes setting quality item information number, determine at the harvest determining means
Quality item information to be specified, from the plurality of quality item information,
A determination item selection means for selecting one or more is provided,
The measuring means irradiates a fruit or vegetable with a measuring light beam from a light source.
To receive transmitted or reflected light from fruits and vegetables
Of the transmitted or reflected light received by the
Obtain a spectrum, and based on the obtained spectrum,
And a spectroscopic analysis unit for obtaining quality information of fruits and vegetables
The irradiation unit and the light source
Are connected by an optical fiber for irradiation, and the light receiving unit and the
The spectroscopic analyzer, connected by the light-receiving optical fiber, said
Support means for supporting the irradiation unit and the light receiving unit,
The point is that it is configured to be held and portable .

[0006]

A second characteristic configuration is that a judgment value changing means for changing the value of the set quality item information corresponding to the quality item information selected by the judgment item selecting means is provided.

[0008]

[0009] A third characteristic configuration is a watering means for watering fruits and vegetables, a switching means for switching between a watering state in which watering is performed by the watering means and a stop state in which watering is stopped, and quality information measured by the measuring means. And irrigation control means for judging whether or not to irrigate based on the irrigation judgment setting quality information and controlling the operation of the switching means based on the judgment result.

[0010] A fourth characteristic configuration is that the light receiving unit is a fruit and vegetable.
It is configured to receive transmitted light from said support means
However, with the fingers holding the irradiation unit and the light receiving unit,
Supported so that the distance between the irradiation part and the light receiving part can be changed
It is configured to, the distance between the light receiving portion and the irradiated portion
Is provided, and the spectroscopic analysis unit is provided.
Is corrected by the interval measured by the interval measuring means.
In other words, it is configured to obtain the quality information .

[0011]

[0012]

According to the first feature, the quality information of the cultivated fruits and vegetables is measured by the measuring means, and the harvest determining means based on the quality information of the fruits and vegetables measured by the measuring means and the set quality information, It is determined whether or not the quality information of the fruits and vegetables is in a harvestable state, and the determination result is output to the output unit. As the set quality information, for example, the quality information corresponding to the state of being eaten at the time of harvest, or considering the time required for distribution from the time of harvest to arranging at the store, the time of eating required after the time required for distribution after harvest is considered The quality information corresponding to such a state is appropriately set. The quality information of fruits and vegetables
Quality item information is included.
Of which sugar content, hardness, acidity, water content and starch content
Accurately regulates the quality of fruits and vegetables, regardless of their variety
Since it is effective quality item information for evaluation, sugar content,
Harvest based on hardness, acidity, water content and starch content
It is determined whether or not the state is possible. Apple,
Depending on the variety of fruits and vegetables such as oranges and tomatoes, it is
Although the quality item information that is appropriate for determining
If the quality item information determined in the step is multiple quality item information
In addition, there is provided a judgment item selecting means for selecting one or more.
Items, the judgment item selection means selects multiple items.
Vegetables and varieties for judging harvestability from quality item information
It is possible to select one or more quality item information suitable for
Wear. The measuring means shines the measuring light beam from the light source on the fruits and vegetables.
Irradiation part to radiate and receive transmitted light or reflected light from fruits and vegetables
Light receiving part and transmitted or reflected light received by the light receiving part
And obtain a spectrum based on the obtained spectrum.
And a spectral analysis unit for obtaining quality information of fruits and vegetables
Quality information,
When the measuring light beam is illuminated on
The rays that are emitted are in a specific wavelength range for each quality item of the fruits and vegetables.
From the fruits and vegetables
Of the transmitted or reflected light of the
Non-destructive multiple quality item information based on spectrum
Can be measured. The irradiation unit and light source are used for irradiation.
The optical receiver is connected by an optical fiber,
Connected by optical fiber for light, supports irradiation part and light receiving part
Support means are held by fingers and are portable
Measuring the quality information of fruits and vegetables
In this case, hold the support means with your fingers and
Can be located anywhere.

[0013]

According to the second characteristic configuration, the value of the set quality information corresponding to the quality item information for judging whether or not it is in a harvestable state can be changed by the judgment value changing means.
For example, depending on when to set the time to eat the fruits and vegetables, for example, to set the time to eat the fruits at the time of harvesting, or to set the time required for distribution after harvesting, whether or not the harvestable state Although the value of the quality item information for judging is different, the value of the set quality information can be changed according to the assumed eating season. Also, the value of the quality item information for judging whether or not it is in a harvestable state differs depending on the grade of the quality of the fruits and vegetables, for example, depending on the grade 1 having excellent quality or the grade 2 having lower quality than grade 1, The value of the set quality information can be changed according to the class.

[0015]

According to the third characteristic configuration, the watering control means determines whether or not watering should be performed based on the quality information of the fruits and vegetables measured by the measuring means and the set quality information for watering determination. When the watering control means determines that watering should be performed, the switching means is switched to a watering state, and watering is performed by the watering means. If it is determined by the watering control means that watering should not be performed, the switching means is switched to a stopped state, and watering is stopped.

According to the sixth characteristic configuration, the size of the fruits and vegetables
The distance between the irradiation part and the light receiving part changes according to the
The distance between the irradiation part and the light receiving part is measured by the
By the optical analysis means, the interval measured by the interval measurement means
The quality information corrected by the correction is required.

[0018]

[0019]

According to the first characteristic configuration, it is determined whether or not the fruits and vegetables can be harvested based on the quantitative quality information of the fruits and vegetables. Therefore, it is accurately determined whether or not the quality of the fruits and vegetables is in a harvestable state. It has become possible to provide an apparatus for managing the cultivation of fruits and vegetables. In addition, a plurality of fruits and vegetables
Regarding the quality item information of fruits and vegetables,
With effective quality item information to accurately evaluate the quality of goods
Based on sugar content, hardness, acidity, moisture content and starch content
To determine whether it is harvestable or not.
Harvest of various varieties of fruits and vegetables based on quality item information
Can judge whether or not harvesting of various varieties of fruits and vegetables is possible
It can be done quickly with a simple operation
The effect is obtained. Judgment item selection means enables multiple quality
From the item information, to the variety of fruits and vegetables that determine
One or more suitable quality item information can be selected.
Therefore, regardless of the variety of fruits and vegetables, the quality of
It is possible to accurately determine whether or not it is in a harvestable state. Minute
Non-destructive measurement of multiple quality item information with optical analyzer
And when measuring quality information of fruits and vegetables
Supports the supporting means for supporting the irradiation unit and the light receiving unit with fingers.
Hold it and place it anywhere easily with simple operation
Easy operation of quality information of growing fruits and vegetables
Is obtained.

[0020]

[0021] According to the second characteristic configuration, the cultivation of fruits and vegetables can be accurately determined whether or not the quality of the fruits and vegetables can be harvested in consideration of the season of eating the fruits and vegetables or the grade of the fruits and vegetables. A management device can now be provided.

[0022]

According to the third characteristic configuration, it is determined whether or not the fruits and vegetables should be irrigated based on the quantitative quality information of the fruits and vegetables, so that the effects obtained by the first or second characteristic configuration can be reduced. In addition, an effect is obtained that it is possible to accurately determine whether or not the quality of fruits and vegetables is in a state to be irrigated.

According to the sixth characteristic configuration, the size of the fruits and vegetables
The distance between the irradiating part and the receiving part changed according to
Quality information corrected at the measured intervals
Can be

[0025]

[0026]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the cultivation management device for fruits and vegetables,
A spectroscopic analyzer A as a measuring means M capable of measuring the quality information of the cultivated fruits and vegetables, and determining whether or not the quality information of the fruits and vegetables can be harvested and whether or not the fruits and vegetables should be irrigated; A main control unit C for performing various controls of the management device; an output unit O as an output unit for outputting a judgment result of the main control unit C; and a keyboard for setting a variety of fruits and vegetables, judgment conditions of the main control unit C, and the like. 91, a display device 92 for displaying judgment conditions and the like set on the keyboard 91, a watering means W for watering fruits and vegetables, and a switching means V for switching between a state of watering with the watering means W and a state of stopping watering. ,
An irrigation control device K1 for controlling the operation of the switching means V,
It is configured as the main component.

The watering means W is provided for each cultivation section of fruits and vegetables or for each tree of fruits. The water supply pipe 93 is connected to a water supply source such as a water supply pump (not shown). It is composed of a sprinkler 94 connected. The switching means V is constituted by an on-off valve 95 interposed in the water supply pipe 93. The irrigation control device K1 includes a plurality of on-off valves 95.
Are individually controlled to open and close.

As will be described in detail later, the spectroscopic analyzer A includes a radiating section 3 for irradiating the fruits and vegetables S with a measuring light beam and a detecting section 7 as a support means for supporting a light receiving section 4 for receiving the transmitted light from the fruits and vegetables S. And a spectrum analyzer 6 for obtaining a spectrum of transmitted light received by the light receiver 4 and obtaining quality information of the fruits and vegetables S based on the obtained spectrum, and a main body H containing the light source 1 and the like. I have. The detection unit 7 is configured to be held and carried by a finger so as to be portable. The detection unit 7 and the main body unit H include an irradiation optical fiber 22 and
They are connected by a light receiving optical fiber 51. The output unit O
It comprises a blue lamp 96b that emits blue light and a red lamp 96r that emits red light, and is attached to the detector 7. Main control unit C, keyboard 91, display device 9
2. The main body H of the spectroscopic analyzer A is mounted on a movable cart 97. The irrigation control device K1 is fixedly installed in a management room (not shown) or the like. Then, as will be described in detail later, the worker moves the cart 97 to an arbitrary measurement place, and sets the detection unit 7 supported by the finger on the fruits and vegetables S to determine whether harvesting is possible or whether watering should be performed. It is configured to be able to determine whether or not it is.

Next, the spectroscopic analyzer A will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, a light source 1, a first optical system 2 for shaping a measurement light beam from the light source 1, and a first optical system 2
An irradiation unit 3 that irradiates the measurement light beam from the fruit and vegetable S with
A light receiving unit 4 for receiving the transmitted light transmitted through the fruits and vegetables S, a second optical system 5 for guiding the transmitted light received by the light receiving unit 4, a spectral analysis unit 6, an irradiation unit 3, and the light receiving unit 4 are held by fingers. Detecting unit 7 which is supported in a portable state, and in which the distance between the irradiation unit 3 and the light receiving unit 4 can be changed with the fingers held.
And an interval measuring means 8 for measuring an interval between the irradiation section 3 and the light receiving section 4 as main components. The main body H is
The light source 1 and the spectroscopic analyzer 6 are housed in a casing.

The light source 1 is constituted by a tungsten-halogen lamp which emits infrared light. First optical system 2
Is composed of a lens 21 for shaping a measurement light source bundle from the light source 1 into a parallel light beam, and an irradiation optical fiber 22 for guiding the parallel light beam to the irradiation unit 3. The second optical system 5 includes a light receiving optical fiber 51 that guides the transmitted light received by the light receiving unit 4 to the spectral analysis unit 6. That is, the light source 1 and the irradiation unit 3 are connected by the irradiation optical fiber 22 and the light receiving unit 4
And the spectroscopic analysis unit 6 are connected by a light receiving optical fiber 51.

Next, the detecting section 7 will be described with reference to FIGS. The detecting unit 7 includes a glove-like body 71 provided with a thumb insertion unit 71a for the thumb and another insertion unit 71b for the other four fingers, and a thumb insertion unit 71a of the glove-like body 71.
Into one of the arm portions 72a and the other insertion portion 71b
With the other arm portion 72b inserted into the glove-like body 7
1 and a U-shaped elastic body 72 provided therein.
The arm portion 72a is fixed to a portion of the inner surface of the thumb insertion portion 71a on the other insertion portion 71b side, and the arm portion 72b is fixed to a portion of the inner surface of the other insertion portion 71b on the side of the thumb insertion portion 71a. Note that the glove-like body 71 is made of a cloth or a sheet material so as to have flexibility. The U-shaped elastic body 72 is made of metal so as to have an elastic biasing force that returns to the original shape. That is, the thumb is put on the glove-like body 71.
Of the U-shaped elastic body 72 with the inserted thumb and the other four fingers while the other four fingers are inserted into the other insertion portion 71b. By moving the thumb insertion portion 71a and the other insertion portion 71b closer to or away from each other, the thumb insertion portion 71a and the other insertion portion 7
1b is configured to be freely changeable. In FIG. 5, the original shape of the U-shaped elastic body 72 is indicated by a dashed line.

Next, the irradiation unit 3 and the light receiving unit 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. The irradiating section 3 includes a fiber holding section 31 for internally fitting and holding the irradiating optical fiber 22.
And a bowl-shaped rubber pad 32 that is in close contact with the fruits and vegetables S to block external light, and a limit switch 33 that detects that the irradiation unit 3 has contacted the fruits and vegetables S. The fiber holding portion 31 is provided with the end face of the irradiation optical fiber 22 penetrating the outside of the glove-like body 71 and the distal end of the arm 72 b of the U-shaped elastic body 72 and the hole formed in the glove-like body 71. It is inserted and fixed to the arm 72b.
The rubber pad 32 is externally fitted and fixed to a portion of the fiber holding portion 31 penetrating the glove-like body 71 outside. Similarly, the light receiving section 4 also includes a fiber holding section 41 for internally fitting and holding the light receiving optical fiber 51, a bowl-shaped rubber pad 42 that is in close contact with the fruits and vegetables S and blocks external light, and a light receiving section 4. Limit switch 4 for detecting contact with fruits and vegetables S
3. The fiber holding portion 41 is provided with the end face of the light receiving optical fiber 51 penetrating the outside of the glove-like body 71 and the distal end of the arm portion 72 a of the U-shaped elastic body 72 and the hole formed in the glove-like body 71. Insertion, arm part 72
It is fixed to a. The rubber pad 42 is externally fitted and fixed to a portion of the fiber holding portion 41 penetrating the glove-like body 71 outside. Then, as described above, the distance between the irradiation unit 3 and the light receiving unit 4 is changed by inserting the hand into the glove-like body 71 and changing the distance between the thumb insertion unit 71a and the other insertion unit 71b. It is.

Next, the spectral analysis unit 6 will be described with reference to FIG. The spectroscopic analyzer 6 includes a reflecting mirror 61 that reflects the transmitted light guided by the light receiving optical fiber 51, a concave diffraction grating 62 that spectrally reflects the transmitted light reflected by the reflecting mirror 61, and a spectroscopic diffraction grating 62. Array-type light receiving element 63 for detecting the reflected light flux intensity for each wavelength
And a signal processing unit 64 for processing an output signal from the array type light receiving element 63. The array type light receiving element 63
The transmitted light spectrally reflected by the concave diffraction grating 62 is simultaneously received for each wavelength and converted into a signal for each wavelength and output. The array-type light receiving element 63 has a wavelength of 0.7 to
It is configured to detect near-infrared light in the range of 2.5 μm. The reflecting mirror 61, the concave diffraction grating 62, and the array-type light receiving element 63 are arranged in an aluminum dark box 65 that shields external light, and the transmitted light guided by the light receiving optical fiber 51 is transmitted through the dark box 65. Incident hole 66 formed in
Through to the dark box 65. P in the figure indicates an optical path from the light source 1 to the array type light receiving element 63.

Next, the interval measuring means 8 will be described. The interval measuring means 8 is configured to irradiate the irradiation unit 3 based on a pair of strain sensors 81 provided on the inner side of the corners of the U-shaped elastic body 72 and the detection information of each of the pair of strain sensors 81.
It comprises an interval calculating means 82 for calculating the interval between the light receiving section and the light receiving section. The strain sensor 81 is provided in a state of extending across the arm 72a and the base 72c of the U-shaped elastic body 72 and in a state of extending between the arm 72b and the base 72c. Each of the strain sensors 81 includes an arm 72
a and the arm 72b approach or move away from each other, in other words, deform according to the change in the distance between the irradiation unit 3 and the light receiving unit 4, and the resistance value changes according to the degree of the deformation. It is supposed to. Then, the distance calculating means 82 is configured to calculate the distance between the irradiation unit 3 and the light receiving unit 4 based on the change in the resistance value of each of the strain sensors 81.

Next, the signal processing section 64 will be described. The signal processing unit 64 is configured using a microcomputer, and the interval calculation unit 82 is configured using the signal processing unit 64. The signal processing unit 64 basically includes
The output signal from the array type light receiving element 63 is processed to obtain an absorbance spectrum, and a second derivative in a wavelength region of the absorbance spectrum, and the quality information included in the fruit and vegetable S based on the second derivative is obtained. calculate. The quality information includes a plurality of pieces of quality item information such as sugar content, hardness, acidity, water content, starch content, coloring degree, vitamin content, dietary fiber content, and the like. It is configured to calculate.

The absorbance is defined as Log (I / T), where I is the amount of light emitted from the light source (reference light amount) and T is the amount of transmitted light. Incidentally, there is the following relationship between the absorbance and the optical path length L. Log (I / T) = εcL where ε: coefficient determined by the variety of fruit and vegetable S c: density of fruit and vegetable S That is, absorbance is proportional to optical path length L.

When the optical path length L is constant, the quality item information of the fruits and vegetables S can be calculated based on the multiple regression analysis based on the following equation (hereinafter referred to as a calibration equation). Y = K ₀ + K ₁ × A (λ ₁ ) + K ₂ × A (λ ₂ ) + K ₃ × A (λ ₃ ) where Y: quality item information K ₀ , K ₁ , K ₂ , K ₃ ... Coefficients A (λ ₁ ), A (λ ₂ ), A (λ ₃ ) ……; Secondary derivative of absorbance spectrum at specific wavelength λ

In the present invention, the distance between the irradiation unit 3 and the light receiving unit 4 (that is, the optical path length L) is adjusted according to the size of the fruits and vegetables S.
Therefore, the signal processing unit 64 corrects the second derivative in the wavelength region of the absorbance spectrum based on the optical path length L measured by the interval measuring unit 8, thereby correcting the second derivative value based on the optical path length L. It is configured to calculate quality item information (hereinafter abbreviated as quality item information after optical path length correction). That is, the quality item information Y (L) after the optical path length correction is calculated based on the following optical path length correction formula. Y (L) = (L ₀ / L) × ｛α ₀ × K ₀ + α ₁ × K ₁
× A (λ ₁ ) + α ₂ × K ₂ × A (λ ₂ ) + α ₃ × K ₃ ×
A (λ ₃ )...｝, Where L ₀ ; reference optical path length α ₀ , α ₁ , α ₂ , α _3.

In the signal processing section 64, a specific optical path length correction formula is set for each quality item for each variety of fruits and vegetables S. That is, in the above-described optical path length correction formula, a specific coefficient K ₀ ,
K ₁ , K ₂ , K ₃ ..., Wavelengths λ ₁ , λ ₂ , λ ₃ ... And optical path length correction coefficients α ₀ , α ₁ , α ₂ , α ₃ . Then, the signal processing unit 64 includes a keyboard 91
Calculates the quality item information after the optical path length correction by using the optical path length correction formula set for each quality item according to the variety of the fruits and vegetables set in the above.

Next, the control configuration of the main control unit C will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the main controller C is connected to the spectrometer A, the blue lamp 96b, the red lamp 96r, the keyboard 91, the display device 92, and the irrigation control device K1. As shown in FIG. 4, the lead wires 98 connected to the blue lamp 96b and the red lamp 96r are led to the main control unit C while being bundled with the irradiation optical fiber 22 and the light receiving optical fiber 51. Connected to C. still,
When the cart 97 is moved to an orchard or the like and the quality information of the fruits and vegetables is measured, the main control unit C and the watering control device K1 are disconnected from each other.
Is moved to the installation location of the watering control device K1, and the main control unit C and the watering control device K1 are connected. Main control unit C
There are two control modes, a harvest determination mode and an irrigation determination mode. First, the harvest determination mode will be described. When the device is started by a start switch (not shown), the main control unit C causes the display device 92 to display a kind setting screen (not shown) for setting the kind of fruit or vegetable to be determined. The operator sets the type using the keyboard 91 based on the type setting screen. In the following description,
An example in which apples are set as a variety of fruits and vegetables will be described.

When the type is set on the type setting screen,
The main control unit C subsequently causes the display device 92 to select various determination quality items, as shown in FIG.
Display the judgment item selection screen. The operator selects one of the harvest determination mode and the irrigation determination mode and the quality item information by using the keyboard 91 based on the determination item selection screen. In FIG. 3A, the harvest determination mode is selected, and as the quality item information, quality item information suitable for determining whether or not the apple can be harvested, for example, sugar content, hardness, acidity, water content, and starch content are shown. Indicates the selected state.

When a judgment quality item is selected on the judgment item selection screen, the main control unit C continues to display the display device 92.
Then, a determination condition setting screen for setting the determination condition is displayed as shown in FIG. The operator uses the keyboard 91 to set the target value of the quality item information selected on the judgment item selection screen based on the judgment condition setting screen,
That is, the value of the set quality item information corresponding to the quality item information selected on the judgment item selection screen is set. FIG. 3B shows values of the set quality item information suitable for determining whether or not apples can be harvested, for example, a sugar content of 14 degrees or more, a hardness of 4 kg or more, and an acidity (expressed in citric acid content). Is 0.
2 to 0.3%, a water content (represented by moisture content) of 85% or more, and a starch content (represented by starch content) of 2% or more are shown.

When the determination conditions are set on the determination condition setting screen, the main control unit C subsequently sends the signal type set on the type setting screen to the signal processing unit 64 of the spectrometer A. Then, the quality item selected on the judgment item selection screen is transmitted.

The worker inserts his hand into the glove-like body 71 and inserts the vegetables 3 between the irradiation unit 3 and the light-receiving unit 4 until the irradiation unit 3 and the light-receiving unit 4 come into contact with the fruits and vegetables S, respectively. The distance between the thumb insertion portion 71a and the other insertion portion 71b is changed by the thumb and the other four fingers. The irradiating unit 3 and the light receiving unit 4 come into contact with the fruits and vegetables S, and the limit switches 33, 4
When the ON signal is output from both of them, they become an optical path length calculation start command and a component amount quantification start command to the signal processing unit 64. When the ON signal is output from both of the limit switches 33 and 43, the signal processing unit 64 calculates the optical path length L based on the change in the resistance value of each of the distortion sensors 81 at that time, Each piece of quality item information for the type sent from the control unit C is calculated using an optical path length correction formula set for each quality item. Then, the main control unit C compares the quality item information calculated by the signal processing unit 64 with the set quality item information set on the determination condition setting screen, and sets all the calculated quality item information. If the quality item information is satisfied, it is determined that harvest is possible, and the blue lamp 96b is turned on. Conversely, if the calculated quality item information does not satisfy the set quality item information, it is determined that harvesting is not possible, and the red lamp 96r is turned on. Therefore, the worker only has to harvest the fruits and vegetables S whose blue lamp 96b is turned on.

The specific wavelength λ in the above-mentioned optical path length correction formula for calculating the sugar content, hardness, acidity, moisture content and starch content of apple is set as follows, for example. When calculating the sugar content, the specific wavelength λ in the above-described optical path length correction formula is set to 765, 830, 905, 890 nm. When calculating the hardness, the specific wavelength λ in the above-described optical path length correction formula is set to 680, 760, and 820 nm. The specific wavelength λ in the above-described optical path length correction equation when calculating the acidity is set to 790, 855, and 890 nm. The specific wavelength λ in the above-described optical path length correction formula when calculating the water content is set to 970 nm. When calculating the amount of starch, the specific wavelength λ in the optical path length correction formula,
891, 918, 978 nm.

Next, the irrigation determination mode will be described.
Similarly to the harvest determination mode, when the device is started by the start switch, the main control unit C causes the display device 92 to display a type setting screen (not shown) for setting the type of fruits and vegetables to be determined. The operator sets the type using the keyboard 91 based on the type setting screen.

When the type is set on the type setting screen,
The main control unit C subsequently causes the display device 92 to select various determination quality items, as shown in FIG.
Display the judgment item selection screen. The operator selects the irrigation determination mode by using the keyboard 91 based on the determination item selection screen, and supplies quality item information suitable for determining whether or not to irrigate the type set on the type setting screen. select. For apples, for example,
Select the sugar content and water content.

When a judgment item is selected on the judgment item selection screen, the main control unit C continuously displays on the display device 92.
A judgment condition setting screen for setting a judgment condition is displayed. The operator uses the keyboard 91 to set the value of the setting quality item information (setting for irrigation determination) suitable for determining whether or not to irrigate the type set on the type setting screen based on the determination condition setting screen. (Equivalent to quality information)
Set. In the case of an apple, for example, the sugar content is set to 7 degrees or less and the water content is set to 95% or more.

When the determination conditions are set on the determination condition setting screen, the main control unit C subsequently sends the type set on the type setting screen to the signal processing unit 64 of the spectrometer A. Then, the quality item selected on the judgment item selection screen is transmitted. In addition, the display device 92 displays an identification number setting screen (not shown) for setting an identification number of a fruit or vegetable cultivation section or a fruit tree. The operator uses the keyboard 91 to set an identification number. Subsequently, as in the above-described harvest determination mode, the worker inserts his hand into the glove-like body 71, and irradiates the irradiation unit 3 and the light receiving unit 4 with the fruits and vegetables S sandwiched between the irradiation unit 3 and the light receiving unit 4. The distance between the thumb insertion portion 71a and the other insertion portion 71b is changed by the inserted thumb and the other four fingers until the finger is brought into contact with the fruit or vegetable S. The signal processing unit 64 includes the limit switches 33 and 4
3 output an ON signal from each of the strain sensors 81 based on the change in the resistance value at that time.
Is calculated, and the quality item information of each product type sent from the main control unit C is calculated using the optical path length correction formula set for each quality item. The worker repeats the above-mentioned operation for a plurality of different fruits and vegetables in a cultivation section or a tree having the same identification number. When an end command is given by the keyboard 91, the main control unit C
The average value of the quality item information of the plurality of fruits and vegetables calculated by the signal processing unit 64 is calculated. Further, the main control unit C compares the average value with the set quality item information set on the determination condition setting screen, and if all the average values satisfy the set quality item information, watering should not be performed. Conversely, if the average value does not satisfy the set quality item information, it is determined that watering should be performed, and the determination result is stored in the storage unit Cm in association with the identification number. The worker performs the work after the identification number setting on the above-described identification number setting screen for a plurality of different cultivation sections, or trees.
The storage unit Cm stores the determination result in association with the identification number.

When the main controller C and the watering control device K1 are connected, the watering control device K1 opens and closes the on-off valve corresponding to the identification number determined to be watered based on the information stored in the storage means Cm. 95 is opened, and the on-off valve 95 corresponding to the identification number determined not to be irrigated is closed. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether or not watering should be performed for each of the fruit and vegetable cultivation sections or the fruit trees. The quality information of fruits and vegetables
Number of quality item information,
Among the information, the sugar content and water content depend on the variety of fruits and vegetables.
The quality of the fruits and vegetables
Since it is quality item information that can be accurately evaluated,
Determine whether watering is necessary based on sugar content and water content
With a simple operation, you can determine whether or not you should water the fruits and vegetables.
In addition, the effect that the operation can be performed quickly can be obtained.

Therefore, the main control unit C is used to constitute a harvest judging means J for judging whether or not the quality information of the fruits and vegetables is in a harvestable state. An irrigation judging unit K2 for judging whether or not the water comes is constituted. or,
The irrigation control means is constituted by an irrigation control device K1 and an irrigation determination unit K2. Further, the judgment item selecting means D is constituted by a keyboard 91 and a display device 92. or,
The judgment value changing means E is constituted by a keyboard 91 and a display device 92.

Another Embodiment Next, another embodiment will be described. The quality item information selected on the judgment item selection screen can be changed as appropriate. For example, it can be appropriately changed according to the variety of fruits and vegetables. Further, even if the varieties of fruits and vegetables are the same, the number of quality item information to be selected can be increased or decreased. The value of the setting quality item information set on the determination condition setting screen can be changed as appropriate. For example, the value of the set quality information can be changed according to the assumed eating season, or the value of the set quality information can be changed according to the grade of the quality of the fruits and vegetables. The specific wavelength λ in the optical path length correction formula for calculating the apple quality item information can be variously changed in addition to those exemplified in the above embodiment. As a specific configuration of the output unit O, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the output unit O is configured by the blue lamp 96b and the red lamp 96r is illustrated. However, various other types can be applied. For example, a buzzer may be applied. Can be. The installation location of the output means O is not limited to the detection unit 7 of the spectroscopic analyzer A exemplified in the above embodiment. However, in the case where the output means O is constituted by the blue lamp 96b and the red lamp 96r as in the above-described embodiment and the judgment result is confirmed by visual recognition, the judgment is performed while measuring the quality information. It is preferable to provide the output means O at a position where the result can be visually recognized.
In the above embodiment, the specific configuration of the determination item selection means D is exemplified by the keyboard 91 and the display device 92. However, various other changes can be made. For example, for each of the quality item information, A switch may be provided, and the quality item information may be selected by turning on / off the switch. The spectroscopic analyzer A is not limited to the configuration shown in the above embodiment. For example, the irradiating unit 3 and the light receiving unit 4 may be arranged in a positional relationship such that the light receiving unit 4 receives diffusely reflected light from the fruits and vegetables S. In this case, the irradiation unit 3 and the light receiving unit 4
The supporting means for supporting the irradiation unit 3 as in the above embodiment.
It is not necessary to configure so that the distance between the light-receiving unit 4 and the light-receiving unit 4 can be changed, and it suffices that the distance between the irradiation unit 3 and the light-receiving unit 4 be configured to be constant. Therefore, the interval measuring means 8 provided in the above embodiment can be omitted. In addition, the signal processing unit 64 may be configured to calculate the quality item information of the fruits and vegetables S based on the calibration formula. In the above embodiment, two modes, the harvest determination mode and the irrigation determination mode, are provided. However, a fertilization determination mode for determining whether or not fertilizer should be applied to fruits and vegetables may be provided. In this case, a function of determining whether or not to apply fertilizer based on the quality information measured by the spectroscopic analyzer A and the set quality information for fertilization determination is added to the main control unit C.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the attached drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of a cultivation management device for fruits and vegetables.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a vegetable cultivation management device.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a display example of a display device in the fruit and vegetable cultivation management device.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a spectroscopic analyzer in the cultivation management device for fruits and vegetables.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a detection unit of the spectroscopic analyzer.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of an irradiation unit of the spectroscopic analyzer.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Light source 3 Irradiation part 4 Light-receiving part 6 Spectroscopic analysis part 7 Support means 8 Interval measuring means 22 Irradiation optical fiber 51 Light-receiving optical fiber A Spectroscopic analyzer D Judgment item selection means E Judgment value changing means J Harvest judgment means K1, K2 Irrigation control means M Measurement means O Output means V Switching means W Irrigation means

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Ryogo Yamauchi 1-1-1 Hama, Amagasaki City, Hyogo Prefecture Inside Kubota Technology Development Laboratory Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-4-357441 (JP, A) JP-A-7- 128233 (JP, A) JP-A-3-43022 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01G 7/00 G01N 21/25 G01N 33/02

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A measuring means (M) capable of measuring quality information of cultivated fruits and vegetables, and quality information of fruits and vegetables is harvested based on the quality information measured by the measuring means (M) and the set quality information. There is provided a harvest determination means (J) for determining whether the state is possible or not, and an output means (O) for outputting a determination result of the harvest determination means (J) , wherein the quality information includes sugar content, hardness, sourness , Water content and den
A plurality of quality item information items corresponding to the plurality of quality item information items;
Quality item information that includes a plurality of set quality item information, and that is determined by the harvest determination unit (J).
Select one or more from the plurality of quality item information
A judgment item selecting means (D) is provided, and the measuring means (M) transmits a measuring light beam from the light source (1).
Irradiation unit (3) for irradiating fruits and vegetables, and transmitted light from fruits and vegetables
Or, a light receiving unit (4) for receiving reflected light, and the light receiving unit
(4) converts the spectrum of the transmitted light or reflected light received
The quality of fruits and vegetables based on the obtained spectral spectrum
A spectroscopic analyzer equipped with a spectroscopic analyzer (6) for obtaining information
(A), and the irradiating section (3) and the light source (1) are provided with an irradiating optical fiber.
And the light receiving unit (4) and the spectral analysis unit (6)
A support that is connected by an optical fiber (51 ) and supports the irradiation unit (3) and the light receiving unit (4).
Means (7) being held by fingers and portable
Fruit and vegetables cultivation management device that is configured in . 2. A fruit and vegetable according to claim 1, further comprising a judgment value changing means (E) for changing a value of the set quality item information corresponding to the quality item information selected by said judgment item selection means (D). Cultivation management device. 3. A watering means (W) for watering fruits and vegetables, a switching means (V) for switching between a watering state in which watering is performed by the watering means (W) and a stopped state in which watering is stopped, and the measuring means (M) ) Based on the quality information measured in step (i) and the set quality information for judging irrigation, and determining whether or not irrigation should be performed, and controlling the operation of the switching means (V) based on the determination result. (K1),
3. The apparatus for managing cultivation of fruits and vegetables according to claim 1, wherein (K2) is provided. 4. The light-receiving section (4) transmits light from fruits and vegetables.
A light receiving means for receiving the light;
The part (4) is held in contact with the irradiating part (3) with the holding finger.
Support so that the distance from the optical part (4) can be changed
And measures the distance between the irradiation unit (3) and the light receiving unit (4).
Interval measuring means (8) is provided, and the spectroscopic analyzer (6) is operated by the interval measuring means (8).
Seeking quality information corrected at the measured intervals
The cultivation management device for fruits and vegetables according to claim 1, 2 or 3, which is configured as follows .