JP3131176B2 - Continuous carbide production equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for continuously producing charcoal from human waste treatment sludge, other activated sludge from the food manufacturing industry, and organic waste such as vegetable waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are many examples of converting organic waste into fertilizer. It has been clarified that, for human waste treated sludge and other activated sludge of the food manufacturing industry, organic fertilizers using them as raw materials can give good results to vegetables and other agricultural crops by a soil improvement action not found in chemical fertilizers. For example, JP-A-53-44363 discloses an example in which sludge is dried and then added with an organic substance to perform aerobic fermentation to produce a fertilizer. Water content is important during fermentation. For this purpose, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 55-85495 and 63-195186 disclose mixing wood chips. In addition, it is also possible to adsorb bad odors generated by adding activated carbon during fermentation and obtain good results as a fertilizer, as disclosed in JP-A-53-17154 and JP-A-53-12716.
It is described in No. 4.

[0003]

The scale of human waste treatment facilities and wastewater treatment facilities is increasing, and the treatment of sludge generated therefrom has become a problem. In addition, the amount of organic wastes derived from animals and plants has been increasing steadily, for example, from construction waste materials and household waste, and there are many problems to be solved such as the problem of a treatment plant. Therefore, we are studying the recycling of sludge and other plant organic wastes such as wood chips by turning them into fertilizers, and examining a carbide production device that can suppress the increase in cost due to the addition of activated carbon and enable a method for producing fertilizers that do not have offensive odors. did.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of studying the above problems, a step of fractionation and plant residue organic waste into carbides, and mixing the carbide organic waste, coal
We developed a method for converting organic waste into fertilizer, which consists of fermenting organic waste after compounding into fertilizer. Organic waste is also, for example, construction waste, household waste, or sludge generated from a wastewater treatment plant or a human waste treatment plant. The organic waste the carbide added piece of wood in the step of mixing into, may be recovered and reused to the wood pieces after fermentation. Wood pieces are prepared for moisture,
Useful for promoting fermentation and making some fertilizers through air communication.

[0005] The apparatus for converting organic waste into fertilizer comprises a carbide producing apparatus for converting vegetable waste of organic waste into carbide, and a mixing section for mixing the organic waste with the carbide. And a fermenter for fermenting the mixed organic waste. After the fermenter for fermenting the mixed organic waste, it is preferable to provide a wood chip collection device for collecting the wood chips from the fermented fertilizer and feeding it back to the mixing device. The carbide production device is a furnace that can be sealed and has a function of performing thermal decomposition while restricting the entry of air. In addition, the wood chip recovery device drops the fertilizer downward by the vibrating sieve (sieve) method,
It has the function of separating from wood chips.

A specific example of the continuous carbide producing apparatus is as follows. That is, a vertical cylindrical casing having an upper portion provided with a hopper for supplying vegetable waste and an air hole and having a tapered lower portion, and an ignition burner for heating an outer periphery of a decomposition start ignition hole provided in a tapered portion of the casing. Chamber, a cylindrical carbonization chamber provided continuously below the casing, a spiral discharge screw inside the cylindrical carbonization chamber, a cooling water jacket outside the cylindrical carbonization chamber, and an exhaust fan for sucking smoke from the casing. The flammable burner flame is injected from the hopper above the casing, and the flame of the ignition burner enters through the hole for the decomposition start ignition, is ignited, and the vegetable waste which is decomposed in the combustion part is provided at the lower end of the combustion part. feeding spiral discharge screw into a cylindrical coking chamber, the carbide obtained is carbonized in a sealed space formed by the carbonization chamber wall and the spiral discharge screw which is cooled by the cooling water jacket Reduction chamber include apparatus to extract from the continuous lower portion of the outlet.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a plan view of an apparatus for carrying out a method for converting organic waste into fertilizer, and FIG. 2 is a front view. In the illustrated organic waste fertilizer, there is a mixing section 1 having a flat surface surrounded by three walls at almost the center, and a carbide producing apparatus 2 of the present invention beside the mixing section 1. The charcoal production device 2 is provided with a supply device 3 for supplying vegetable waste. Vegetable waste fed to the feeder 3 is separated from the organic waste is turned into a carbide production apparatus 2 in the conveyor 4 charcoal
Become a monster . This carbide is mixed with other organic waste residues and, if necessary, wood chips in the mixing section 1. The mixing in the mixing section 1 may be a mixing operation by a person, or a motor-driven stirrer provided with a stirring blade may be used. Preferred examples of the mixing ratio are wood chips 0 to 0.4 and carbides 0.1 to 0.3 for sludge 1, and most preferably wood chips 0.3 and carbides 0.2 for sludge 1. The case where the wood piece is 0 is a case where it is not necessary to adjust the water content of the organic waste residue.

[0008] As shown in FIG. 3, a detailed structure of the carbide producing apparatus 2 of the present invention is provided with a stirring frame 6 inside a preheating chamber 5 for continuously storing vegetable waste, and at a lower portion of the preheating chamber 5. There is a tapered combustion section 7. There is a burner heating chamber 7a for heating the periphery on the outer periphery of the combustion section 7, and a part of the flame of the burner heating chamber 7a enters through a hole 7b provided below the taper of the combustion section 7 to heat the vegetable waste. To start disassembly. The decomposed vegetable waste is sent by a spiral discharge screw 8a to a cylindrical closed carbonization chamber 8 provided at the lower end of the combustion section 7. A jacket 8b for cooling with cooling water is provided on the outer periphery of the closed carbonization chamber 8. This carbide producing apparatus 2 has a feature that carbide can be continuously produced with high efficiency.
Flue (duct) 31 connected to an exhaust fan 36 provided outside
Are connected to the burner heating chamber 7a. Therefore, when the exhaust fan 36 is rotated, the pressure is reduced as a whole, and air is supplied to the preheating chamber 5 and the combustion section 7 from the air holes 5 a provided in the upper part of the preheating chamber 5.

The plant waste continuously supplied from the hopper 5b starts burning and decomposing in the combustion section 7. However, it is sent to the closed carbonization chamber 8 by the helical discharge screw 8a, and is decomposed into a state in which almost no air is supplied, and becomes a carbide . The feed by the spiral discharge screw 8a is adjusted while observing the temperature measurement result by the temperature sensor 37 provided in the combustion section 7. The smoke generated in the combustion section 7 is exhausted by the flue 31,
Is bent and immersed into the cooling water tank 32 in a U-shape. A waste liquid port 33 is provided at the bottom to remove the bad smell in the flue gas, and the wood vinegar can be collected and mixed with the fertilizer raw material, or used for other purposes. Therefore, the exhaust gas is prevented from adversely affecting the surrounding environment. In addition, the carbonized gas continuously discharged from the outlet 35
The articles are sent to the mixing section 1 shown in FIG. 1 by a screw conveyor 34. According to this apparatus, when the diameter of the preheating chamber 5 is 1.2 m and the length to the closed carbonization chamber 8 is 3 m, a 1: 1 mixture of buckwheat husk and coffee grounds supplied to the top of the apparatus is used. In the example of Example 2, after 20 minutes passed, it was discharged from the outlet 35 as carbide .

[0010] In the mixing section 1, the charcoal , the organic sludge, and, if necessary, the wood chips for adjusting the water content or the organic fertilizer raw material mixed with sawdust are transferred to the first fermenter 9. For this transfer, a transfer device such as a conveyor or a shovel loader (self-propelled shovel machine) is used. The first fermenter 9 is partitioned from a first tank to a twelfth tank. Organic fertilizer raw materials are first
Predetermined time (normally 24 hours) from the first tank to the twelfth tank of fermenter 9
Time). Since the air vents are provided at the bottom of all the tanks from the first tank to the twelfth tank of the first fermentation tank 9, air can be supplied to the organic fertilizer raw material by stirring. By this stirring, the organic fertilizer raw material being fermented is moved from the first tank to the twelfth tank sequentially at predetermined time intervals. The movement may be by conveyor, but in this example,
By shovel loader 16 as seen on the right.

The organic waste that has been converted into semi-fertilizer after the primary fermentation is sent to the second fermenter 19 by a conveyor. First
A feeder 18 as shown in FIG. 4 is provided for placing the semi-fertilized organic waste in the twelfth tank of the fermenter 9 on the conveyor 17. The feature of the feeder 18 is that the lower part of the hopper 18a is formed wider than the upper part. This solves the problem of clogging that occurs when the semi-fertilized organic waste dropped by the feed rolls 18b and 18c is supplied to the conveyor 18d, and the organic waste is smoothly loaded from the conveyor 18d to the transport conveyor.

The details of the state of the second fermenter 19 are apparent from the side view of FIG. 5, but the traveling rail 11 is provided above the partition 10 of the second fermenter 19, and the rectangular carriage 12 is provided thereon. It is listed. Above it is a right-angle moving rail 13,13. On the moving rails 13, 13, the carrier carrier holding carriage 14 is provided.
There is. The stirring transporter 15 is held diagonally on the stirring transporter holding carriage 14. The stirring transporter 15 has an endless belt stretched between upper and lower pulleys, and a number of plate-like stirring blades are provided thereon.
The fertilizer obtained from the organic waste is moved forward (to the left in the figure) while advancing (leftward in FIG. 11) to agitate and advance toward the outlet. To change the stirring position, the stirring carrier holding carriage 14 moves on the moving rail 13 to change the position (the stirring carrier holding carriage 14 moves in the front-back direction facing the drawing). The fertilizer derived from the organic waste after the second fermentation is sent rearward in the advancing direction by the agitation transporter 15 and can be carried out of the second fermenter 19.

[0013] The fertilizer derived from the organic waste after the second fermentation is sent from the second fermenter 19 to the wood chip recovery device 20. If the wood chips are not collected, they are sent from the second fermenter to the packaging device and shipped as products. The transfer to the wood chip collection device 20 may be performed by a conveyor, or various transfer devices such as a shovel loader may be used. The wood chip collection device 20 has a function of dropping the fertilizer downward by the vibrating sieve method and separating it from the wood chips. The structure is shown in FIGS. Organic waste fertilizer including wood chips transported by the conveyor 21 from the feeder 18 is collected by a wood chip recovery device.
At the 20 vibrable mesh sections 20a, the fertilizer falls down, the wood pieces remain on the mesh, are discharged from the rear, and are fed back to the first fermenter 9 by the wood piece conveyor 22.
Since the fermentation bacteria are also supplied to the first fermentation tank along with the wood chips, there is an effect of speeding up the fermentation in the first fermentation tank. The sieved organic waste fertilizer is transferred to the conveyor below the wood chip recovery unit 20
At 23, the product is sent to a product weighing and packaging device 24 outside the wood chip collection device 20. The product weighing and packaging apparatus 24 has a large bag weighing device 25 and a small bag weighing device 26, and the organic waste is transferred to the product carrying conveyors 27 and 28, which are sent to either the large bag weighing device 25 or the small bag weighing device 26 by the reciprocation of the transfer conveyor 23. Fertilizers are now available. The large bag weighing device 25 and the small bag weighing device 26 are of a load cell type, and when a predetermined amount (1000 kg and 20 kg in this example) is filled in a bag, the bag is heat-sealed by a sealing machine 29 and sent to a shipping position by a conveyor 30. I have.

[0014]

According to the present invention, plant organic waste such as sludge and wood chips is converted into a part of vegetable organic waste as carbide ,
It is possible to recycle as an excellent fertilizer containing the carbide . The addition of carbides makes it possible to eliminate the odor in the fertilizer production process, and eliminates the need to separately obtain activated carbon, thereby simultaneously reducing both the production cost of organic fertilizers and waste disposal.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an example in which a carbide producing device of the present invention is arranged in a device for performing a method for converting organic waste into fertilizer.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view of the carbide manufacturing device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a feeder.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a second fermenter.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the wood chip collecting device.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the same device.

8 is a view taken in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 6;

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mixing part 2 Carbide manufacturing apparatus 3 Feeder 4 Conveyor 5 Preheating chamber 6 Stirring frame 7 Combustion part 7a Burner heating chamber 7b Hole 8 Closed carbonization chamber 8a Spiral discharge screw 8b Jacket 9 First fermenter 10 Partition wall 11 Rail for traveling 12 truck 13 Rail for transportation 14 Carriage holding agitating and transporting machine 15 Agitating and transporting machine 16 Shovel loader 17 Conveyor 18 Feeder 19 Second fermenter 20 Wood chip collecting device 24 Product weighing and packaging device 29 Sealing machine 31 Flue 33 Waste liquid outlet 35 Discharge port 36 Exhaust fan

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ identification code FI C05F 9/02 C05F 9/04 9/04 B09B 3/00 A (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C10B 53/00 C01B 31/02 101 B09B 3/00 C02F 11/02 ZAB C05F 9/02 C05F 9/04

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A vertical cylindrical casing having an upper portion provided with a hopper for supplying vegetable waste and an air hole and having a tapered lower portion, and ignition of an outer periphery of a decomposition start ignition hole provided in a tapered portion of the casing. Suction smoke from the burner heating chamber, the cylindrical carbonization chamber continuously provided below the casing, the spiral discharge screw inside the cylindrical carbonization chamber, the cooling water jacket outside the cylindrical carbonization chamber, and the inside of the casing The lower end of the combustion portion is a waste fan that is turned on from the hopper above the casing, and the flame of the ignition burner enters through the hole for the decomposition start ignition and is ignited to start decomposing in the combustion portion. Carbide obtained by carbonization in the sealed space formed by the carbonization chamber wall and the spiral discharge screw cooled by the cooling water jacket and sent to the cylindrical carbonization chamber provided by the spiral discharge screw Carbide continuous manufacturing apparatus comprising as continuously removed from the coking chamber lower portion of the outlet.