JP3130641U - Heating system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a heating device that uses an inexpensive fuel and does not require a large-scale construction, and that can effectively use waste heat and has a simple structure and can be reduced in size.
An annular precombustion chamber in which a combustible gas inlet is opened on a combustion chamber body, the opening is covered with a grate composed of a high-temperature heat storage member, and a number of air inlets are formed thereon, A cylindrical wood solid fuel storage chamber having a lower end opened to the preliminary combustion chamber is disposed. The solid wood fuel is combusted in a preliminary combustion chamber to generate a combustible gas, and the combustible gas is guided to the combustion chamber main body and combusted. In the vertical flue connected to the combustion chamber body, a heat exchanger is installed to recover waste heat.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a heating device using a simple solid fuel that efficiently burns wood solid fuel in which crushed materials such as wood are formed into pellets, lumps, or sawdust, and uses waste heat as hot water. .

Household heating appliances that use fossil fuels such as oil and coal and electric power are widely spread and are indispensable particularly in cold regions in winter.
However, with such a heater, the maintenance cost becomes high when trying to warm the entire room, especially the floor, and the initial equipment cost of a heater that can be heated to the floor also increases. Then there was a problem that it was not easy to use.

Moreover, although proposals have been made to burn solid fuel such as firewood, paper, and combustible garbage with low fuel costs and use the combustion exhaust heat gas for melting snow (see Patent Document 1), There is a problem that large-scale construction is required and the initial equipment cost is high, and the efficiency is not suitable for a small-scale home heating appliance.
JP 7-279140 A

  As described above, the conventional heating apparatus for home use uses fossil fuel and electric power, and thus there is a problem that the utility cost increases.

  In addition, a heater that can be used for floor heating has a problem that large-scale construction is required, the initial equipment cost is high, and it is not suitable as a domestic heater.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and uses a cheap fuel, and does not require a large-scale construction, and can effectively use waste heat. The purpose is to provide.

In order to solve the above problems, the heating device of the present invention is a combustion in which a combustible gas introduction port is opened on the upper surface, and a side combustion port is provided on the side surface and a cylindrical combustion gas discharge port is provided at a position away from the port. A combustion chamber main body, a grate composed of a high-temperature heat storage member covering the combustible gas inlet of the combustion chamber main body, and a number of air inlets on a side surface disposed on the combustion chamber main body surrounding the combustible gas inlet. An annular pre-combustion chamber formed, and a cylindrical solid fuel storage chamber in which a lower end that accommodates a pellet, lump or sawdust-like solid wood fuel arranged upright on the pre-combustion chamber is open to the pre-combustion chamber; And a flue connected to the combustion gas discharge port of the combustion chamber main body.
In another embodiment of the heating device of the present invention, a heat exchanger using water as a heat transfer medium can be installed in the flue.

Furthermore, in another embodiment of the heating device of the present invention, a combustible gas inlet is opened leaving a flat portion on a substantially flat upper surface, and a side wall is formed in a cylindrical shape at a position apart from the throat. A combustion chamber main body provided with a combustion gas discharge port, a grate composed of a high-temperature heat storage member covering the combustible gas inlet of the combustion chamber main body, and the combustion chamber main body disposed on the combustion chamber main body surrounding the combustible gas inlet. An annular pre-combustion chamber having a large number of air inlets formed on the side face, and a lower end for accommodating a pellet, lump or sawdust-like solid wood fuel arranged upright on the pre-combustion chamber is open to the pre-combustion chamber. A cylindrical solid fuel storage chamber, a flue connected to a combustion gas discharge port of the combustion chamber body, a heat exchanger using water disposed in the flue as a heat transfer medium, and the heat exchanger Connected to the water inlet of the combustion chamber via a pipe Characterized by comprising a hot water tank installed in the flat part of.
The combustion chamber main body of the heating device of the present invention is generally in the form of a normal stove with a flat top surface, and combustible garbage such as waste paper or wood scraps are put into the side (front) for combustion. There is a shed to make it happen. An air outlet that supplies sufficient air into the combustion chamber may be provided at the ash outlet or the ash outlet provided below the throat. A cylindrical combustion gas discharge port protrudes from a position away from the throat, for example, on the opposite side.

  The high-temperature heat storage member used in the present invention functions as a grate that prevents the fuel from falling into the combustion chamber without being burned, and becomes a red-hot state due to the combustion heat of the fuel, thereby achieving stable combustion of the fuel. It is a member to be propelled, and for example, a combustible gas passage or a roast or a cone-shaped roasted ball in which slits for dropping ash are formed radially is used.

  The pre-combustion chamber and the solid fuel storage chamber are preferably cylindrical bodies having substantially the same diameter so that the fuel in the solid fuel storage chamber continuously falls into the pre-combustion chamber and stable combustion continues.

  In particular, when using fine granular fuel such as sawdust that easily forms a bridge due to friction with the inner wall of the solid fuel storage chamber, the inner surface of the solid fuel storage chamber is smoothed and slightly from the lower end to the upper end. It is desirable to form a taper with a small diameter so that the fuel can easily fall.

  The pre-combustion chamber is an annular member formed of a heat-resistant metal plate, and a slightly large-diameter annular member having an air introduction port formed at a position corresponding to the air introduction port of the pre-combustion chamber on the outer periphery thereof. By loosely fitting the air adjusting member so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction and rotating the air adjusting member, the opening area of the air inlet of the preliminary combustion chamber can be changed to adjust the degree of combustion. Is desirable.

  The flue used in the present invention has an L-shaped horizontal end connected to the combustion gas discharge port of the combustion chamber main body, and the vicinity of the lower end of the vertical portion has a larger diameter than the horizontal portion. The exchanger is built in and constitutes a so-called double pipe heat exchanger. The portion above the portion where the heat exchanger is installed is a so-called chimney, and is long enough to allow sufficient intake from the shed.

  The hot water tank in the present invention is installed on a flat surface on the combustion chamber body so that the bottom surface is flat so as to utilize direct heat transfer from the combustion chamber body.

  The water in the hot water tank can be used as a hot water supply with a faucet attached to the hot water tank. However, the heat absorption heat exchanger built in the flue and the floor heating embedded in the floor (heat dissipation heat exchanger) ) And a hot water tank connected by a pipe to form a hot water circulation system, and a pump can circulate the hot water in the system.

  The heating device of the present invention uses wood solid fuel or sawdust wood solid fuel that is formed into pellets or blocks of crushed material such as wood that has little utility value as fuel. Since it does not match, thinning of the forest that has been neglected is promoted, which can contribute to environmental conservation. In addition, since waste heat that has been conventionally emitted from a chimney in a household stove or the like can be effectively used for hot water supply or floor heating, it can also contribute to solving energy problems.

  Furthermore, since the fuel is supplied by its own weight, the mechanism is simple, the size can be easily reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part which respond | corresponds in each figure.
The heating device of this embodiment is built in and integrated with the combustion chamber body 1, the preliminary combustion chamber 2, the solid fuel storage chamber 3, the L-shaped flue 4, and the vertical portion of the flue 4. The main part is composed of the heat exchanger 5 thus formed, the hot water tank 6 installed on the combustion chamber main body 1, and the floor heating pipe 7 connected from the outlet pipe of the heat exchanger 5 via an opening / closing valve. Has been.

  The combustion chamber body 1 is formed of a heat-resistant metal plate, and has a rectangular parallelepiped or oval box shape with a width to length of approximately 1: 2 when viewed from above. The combustion chamber main body 1 is provided with a spout for putting paper waste or the like and burning it, and the spout is provided with a hinged open / close door 8a that can be opened and closed. The open / close door 8a is provided with a hopper 81 and a hinged open / close door 81a that covers the opening of the hopper 81 so that dust and the like can be thrown in even when the open / close door 8a is closed. .

  The upper surface of the combustion chamber main body 1 is a flat surface, and a circular combustible gas inlet 9 is formed near the mouth.

  A cylindrical combustion gas discharge port 10 protrudes substantially horizontally near the upper portion of the side of the combustion chamber main body 1 on the side opposite to the throat. Shelf portions 11 are respectively provided on the side of the combustion chamber main body 1 and the side of the combustion gas discharge port 10, and a lattice-like rooster 12 is placed across these shelf portions 11.

  A drawer-type ash receiving tray 13 is placed under the rooster 12. When the ash accumulates, the face plate 13a of the ash receiving tray 13 is arranged so as to close the ash outlet opening opened under the opening / closing door 8a. The ash accumulated in the ash can be discarded by pulling the handle 13b protruding from the ash and pulling out the ash tray 13.

  Note that four support legs 14 are provided on the lower surface of the combustion chamber body 1 in order to form a sufficient gap between the floor surface and the combustion chamber body 1.

  Above the combustible gas inlet 9 on the upper surface of the combustion chamber main body 1, a preliminary combustion chamber 2 is disposed surrounding the combustible gas inlet 9. The pre-combustion chamber 2 of this embodiment has a bowl-shaped part 2a made of a heat-resistant metal plate placed on the edge of the combustible gas inlet 9, and a large number of air fixed integrally on the bowl-shaped part 2a. It is comprised from the short tubular part 2b which consists of a homogeneous material in which the introduction hole h was formed.

  On the combustible gas inlet 9 at the center of the bowl-shaped portion 2 a of the precombustion chamber 2, a conical burnt ball 15 made of cast iron is interposed via an annular holding member 9 a welded to the outer periphery of the combustible gas inlet 9. It is on. A plurality of slits 15 a for allowing combustible gas to pass through and dropping ash generated by combustion into the combustion chamber body 1 are formed on the tapered surface of the roasted ball 15. In addition, although illustration was abbreviate | omitted, you may make it form the hook-shaped part 2a in a grid | lattice form so that ash may not accumulate on the hook-shaped part 2a.

  Further, in order to facilitate the fall of the combustion ash, instead of the roasted ball 15, a cast iron rooster 16 having a large number of radial slits 16a as shown in FIG. 3 may be used. Since the rooster 16 can have a larger diameter than the roasted ball 15, the width of the bowl-shaped portion 2a of the preliminary combustion chamber 2 can be narrowed, and the combustion ash can be smoothly dropped by that amount. it can.

  In this embodiment, an annular air conditioning member 17 having an air introduction port H formed in the outer periphery of the preliminary combustion chamber 2 at a position corresponding to the air introduction port h of the preliminary combustion chamber 2 and provided with an operation knob 17a on the outer periphery. It is loosely fitted so that it can rotate. The amount of air supplied into the preliminary combustion chamber 2, that is, the state of combustion, can be adjusted by rotating the operation knob 17a.

  On the precombustion chamber 2, a cylindrical solid fuel storage chamber 3 is installed in an upright state, and a lid 3a is covered on the top. The solid fuel storage chamber 3 has a slightly smaller diameter than the preliminary combustion chamber 2, and an annular enormous portion 3 b is formed near the lower end. When the lower end of the solid fuel storage chamber 3 is inserted into the upper portion of the preliminary combustion chamber 2, The enormous portion 3b is locked to the upper edge portion of the preliminary combustion chamber 2, and both are integrated coaxially.

  A horizontal portion of an L-shaped flue 4 is connected to the cylindrical combustion gas discharge port 10 of the combustion chamber body 1. The vicinity of the lower end of the vertical portion of the flue 4 has a large diameter, and a serpentine heat exchanger 5 is provided in the portion, and the inlet pipe 5a and the outlet pipe 5b are led out of the flue 4. In addition, the upper part of the flue 4 is extended and it is derived | led-out outdoors as a chimney.

  A cylindrical hot water tank 6 having a flat bottom is directly placed on the flat upper surface of the combustion chamber body 1. Pipes 6a and 6b are attached to the upper and lower parts of the hot water tank 6, the upper pipe 6a is connected to the outlet pipe 5b of the heat exchanger 5 via the on-off valve 6v1, and the lower pipe 6b is connected to the on-off valve 6v3. It is connected to the inlet pipe 5a of the heat exchanger 5.

  A pipe 5 c branched from the pipe 5 b is connected to the inlet pipe of the floor heating 7 via the on-off valve 6 v 2, and the outlet pipe of the floor heating 7 is connected to the water supply pipe 6 c of the hot water tank 6. Reference symbol P is a circulation pump inserted in the inlet pipe portion of the floor heating 7. Although not shown, the hot water tank is provided with a general-purpose automatic water level adjusting device that automatically replenishes water from tap water when the water level falls below a certain level.

  The heating device of the present invention configured as described above is used as follows.

[Stove-Use for hot water supply]
When it is used only for stove and hot water supply, no equipment for floor heating is required, but the apparatus of the illustrated embodiment can be used for stove-hot water supply if the on-off valve 6v2 is closed. .

  First, after confirming the amount of water in the hot water tank 6, the lid 3 a of the solid fuel storage chamber 3 is opened, and pellets, lumps, or sawdust-like wood solid fuel is put near the mouth.

  Next, the wood solid fuel is ignited by inserting a nozzle of an igniter through the air inlet h of the preliminary combustion chamber 2.

  When the solid wood fuel is ignited, combustion is initially performed only in the preliminary combustion chamber 2. After a while, the roasted ball 15 becomes high temperature and more stable combustion is performed.

  In this way, when the combustion in the preliminary combustion chamber 2 is performed for a certain period of time, the roasted ball 15 becomes red hot, the wood solid fuel is pyrolyzed and flammable gas is actively generated. The combustible gas cannot be combusted, and the combustion gas containing the combustible gas is sucked into the combustion chamber main body 1 and is combusted in the combustion chamber main body 1. When combustion in the combustion chamber main body 1 is actively performed, the combustion chamber main body 1 and the flue 4 also become high temperature, the suction power of the flue becomes strong, and the introduction of air is performed strongly and stable combustion. Will continue.

  At this time, in the preliminary combustion chamber 2, the solid wood fuel around the roasted ball 15 comes into contact with the hot roasted ball 15 and burns, and the combustion gas containing the combustible gas becomes air sucked from the air inlets H and h. It is guided into the combustion chamber body 1 and complete combustion is performed in the combustion chamber body 1.

  On the other hand, the ash generated from the solid wood fuel burned in the precombustion chamber 2 falls from the slit 15a of the burning ball 15 onto the ash tray 13 of the combustion chamber main body 1, and the unburned debris dropped together is the ash tray. Burn on 13. In addition, the solid wood fuel falls by its own weight into the gap formed in the vicinity of the roasted ball 15 due to combustion or the fall of ash, and the combustion continues.

  The hot water in the hot water tank generated in this embodiment is obtained by recovering waste heat that has been escaped from the chimney, and can be effectively used for cleaning, bathing, kitchen use, snow melting and the like.

By the way, the prototype model of the heating device shown in the figure of the present invention produced with the following dimensions maintains a smooth combustion state until there is no wood pellet fuel filled in the solid fuel storage room, and it is sufficiently used as an indoor stove It was confirmed that it was possible.
Combustion chamber body: 700mm x 340mm x 200mm (height)
Pre-combustion chamber: 250φx180mm (height)
Combustible gas inlet: 130mm
Grilled ball: 140φ x 150mm (height)
Solid fuel storage: 240φ (upper) to 250φ (lower) x 860mm (height)

[Stove-Hot water supply-Use as floor heating]
When the recovered heat is also used for floor heating, a pipe for floor heating 7 previously embedded under the floor to be heated is used.

  The solid solid fuel is ignited and burned in the same manner as described above, but the on-off valve 6v3 of the hot water tank 6 is opened, the on-off valve 6v1 is closed, and the on-off valve 6v2 is opened to switch to the inlet piping side of the floor heating 7. .

  When the pump P is driven after this valve operation, the water of the heat transfer medium coming out from the outlet pipe 6b of the hot water tank 6 enters the heat exchanger 5 from the inlet pipe 5a and is heated, and then from the outlet pipe 5b. It is repeatedly sent out from the on-off valve 6v2 to the floor heating 7 to perform floor heating, and again returns to the hot water tank 6 through the water supply pipe 6c.

  The water in the hot water tank 6 is heated not only by the heat exchanger 5 but also by heat transfer directly from the combustion chamber main body 1 through the bottom plate of the hot water tank.

  Moreover, in the above embodiment, the example of the heating apparatus provided with the heat exchanger has been described, but when used only as a stove, a hot water tank, a heat exchanger, a floor heating, etc. are provided from the beginning. There is no need. As a result, the equipment cost can be further reduced.

The side view of one Example of this invention. The fragmentary sectional view which expands and shows the part of the preliminary combustion chamber of this invention. The top view which shows the other example of the high temperature thermal storage member used for the other Example of this invention. The front view of one Example of this invention. The rear view of one Example of this invention. The top view of one Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 ... Combustion chamber body 2 ... Pre-combustion chamber 2a ... Saddle-shaped part 3 ... Solid fuel storage chamber 4 ... L-shaped flue 5 ... Heat exchanger 6 ... Hot water tank 7 ... Floor heat Piping 8a, 81a …… Opening / closing door 81 …… Hopper 9 …… Combustible gas inlet 9a …… Holding member 10 …… Combustion gas outlet 11 …… Shelves 12 …… Rooster 13 …… Ashes pan 13a …… Face plate 13b …… Handle 14 …… Supporting leg 15 …… Grilled balls 15a, 16a …… Slit 16 …… Rooster 17 …… Air conditioning member 17a …… Operation knob
6v1, 6v2, 6v3 …… Open / close valve

Claims (10)

A combustion chamber main body having a combustible gas inlet opening on the upper surface, a side opening and a cylindrical combustion gas discharge port at a position away from the side opening;
An annular precombustion chamber in which a large number of air inlets are formed on the side surface disposed on the combustion chamber body surrounding the combustible gas inlet;
A grate composed of a high-temperature heat storage member covering the combustible gas inlet of the combustion chamber body;
A cylindrical solid fuel storage chamber in which a lower end that accommodates a pellet-like, lump-like, or sawdust-like wood solid fuel arranged upright on the preliminary combustion chamber is opened to the preliminary combustion chamber;
A flue connected to the combustion gas outlet of the combustion chamber body;
A heating device comprising: A combustion chamber main body having a combustible gas inlet opening on the upper surface, a side opening and a cylindrical combustion gas discharge port at a position away from the side opening;
An annular precombustion chamber in which a large number of air inlets are formed on the side surface disposed on the combustion chamber body surrounding the combustible gas inlet;
A grate composed of a high-temperature heat storage member covering the combustible gas inlet of the combustion chamber body;
A cylindrical solid fuel storage chamber in which a lower end that accommodates a pellet-like, lump-like, or sawdust-like wood solid fuel arranged upright on the preliminary combustion chamber is opened to the preliminary combustion chamber;
A flue connected to the combustion gas outlet of the combustion chamber body;
A heat exchanger using water disposed in the flue as a heat transfer medium;
A heating device comprising: A combustion chamber main body provided with a combustible gas introduction port with a flat part on the upper surface formed substantially flat, a side surface and a cylindrical combustion gas discharge port provided at a position away from the side surface;
An annular precombustion chamber in which a large number of air inlets are formed on the side surface disposed on the combustion chamber body surrounding the combustible gas inlet;
A grate composed of a high-temperature heat storage member covering the combustible gas inlet of the combustion chamber body;
A cylindrical solid fuel storage chamber in which a lower end that accommodates a pellet-like, lump-like, or sawdust-like wood solid fuel arranged upright on the preliminary combustion chamber is opened to the preliminary combustion chamber;
A flue connected to the combustion gas outlet of the combustion chamber body;
A heat exchanger using water disposed in the flue as a heat transfer medium;
A heating apparatus comprising a hot water tank connected to a water inlet of the heat exchanger via a pipe and installed in a flat portion on the upper surface of the combustion chamber main body.   The heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the high-temperature heat storage member is made of rooster or roasted balls.   The heating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the preliminary combustion chamber and the solid fuel storage chamber are formed of a cylinder having substantially the same diameter.   The heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the solid fuel storage chamber is tapered with a small diameter from the lower end toward the upper end.   2. An annular air conditioning member having an air inlet formed at a position corresponding to the air inlet of the preliminary combustion chamber is slidably fitted on the outer periphery of the preliminary combustion chamber. The heating apparatus of any one of thru | or 6.   The flue is raised in an L shape by fitting a horizontal portion to a combustion gas discharge port, and the heat exchanger is installed in an L-shaped upright portion of the flue and is a double pipe The heating device according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein a heat exchanger of a formula is configured.   The heating apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the hot water tank is installed in a flat portion on an upper surface of the combustion chamber main body.   A drain of the hot water tank is connected to a water supply port of the heat exchanger via a pipe, and a hot water discharge port of the heat exchanger is connected to a hot water supply port of a floor heating via a pipe. The hot water discharge port is connected to the water storage tank via a pipe to form a circulation system, and the water in the hot water tank is configured to circulate through the circulation system by a pump. The heating device according to any one of claims 3 to 8.

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