JP3114887B2 - Electrophotographic photoreceptor - Google Patents
Electrophotographic photoreceptorInfo
- Publication number
- JP3114887B2 JP3114887B2 JP26324991A JP26324991A JP3114887B2 JP 3114887 B2 JP3114887 B2 JP 3114887B2 JP 26324991 A JP26324991 A JP 26324991A JP 26324991 A JP26324991 A JP 26324991A JP 3114887 B2 JP3114887 B2 JP 3114887B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- nickel
- belt
- seamless belt
- electroplating
- electrophotographic photoreceptor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Discharging, Photosensitive Material Shape In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、シームレスベルト状電
子写真感光体に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a seamless belt type electrophotographic photosensitive member.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】特公昭５２−８７７４号公報にはベルト
の製造法が記載されているが、この電気メッキにおいて
陽極のニッケル片はメッキ液中への溶解を促進する為、
一般に硫黄が含まれている。またメッキ液には硫酸ニッ
ケル、スルファミン酸ニッケル等、及びベンゼンジスル
フォン酸ナトリウム、パラトルエンスルフォンアミド等
の含硫黄材料が用いられる。ニッケル製シームレスベル
ト形成後の洗浄が不十分であるとニッケル製シームレス
ベルト表面に硫黄の付着している部分が残存し、このニ
ッケル製シームレスベルトを支持体とし、該支持体上に
感光層を設けた電子写真感光体による複写画像には往々
にして画像欠陥が生ずることが多い。2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-8774 discloses a method of manufacturing a belt. In this electroplating, a nickel piece of an anode promotes dissolution in a plating solution.
Generally contains sulfur. In addition, a sulfur-containing material such as nickel sulfate, nickel sulfamate, sodium benzenedisulfonate, and paratoluenesulfonamide is used as the plating solution. If the washing after the formation of the nickel seamless belt is insufficient, a portion where sulfur adheres to the surface of the nickel seamless belt remains, and this nickel seamless belt is used as a support, and a photosensitive layer is provided on the support. In addition, an image defect often occurs in an image copied by an electrophotographic photosensitive member.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、電気メッキ
法によるニッケル製シームレスベルトを用い、且つ複写
画像に画像欠陥のない電子写真感光体を提供することを
目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrophotographic photosensitive member using a nickel seamless belt formed by an electroplating method and having no image defects in a copied image.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする手段】本発明は、電気メッキ
により形成したニッケル製シームレスベルト上に感光層
を設けてなる電子写真感光体において、該ニッケル製シ
ームレスベルトの最表面から３０Åまでの深さに残存す
る硫黄がＸ線光電子分光法により５原子％以下にするこ
とを特徴とする。電気メッキによるニッケル製ベルト形
成後の洗浄が不十分であるとニッケルベルト表面近傍に
メッキ液中の硫黄が残り、その部分が画像欠陥となる。
ニッケル製ベルト表面の残存硫黄量と画像欠陥との対応
を検討した結果、ニッケルベルトの最表面から３０Åま
での深さに残存する硫黄を５原子％以下にする事により
画像欠陥を無くす事ができる事が判り本発明に至った。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a photosensitive layer provided on a nickel seamless belt formed by electroplating, and to a depth of 30 mm from the outermost surface of the nickel seamless belt. Is characterized in that the amount of sulfur remaining is reduced to 5 atomic% or less by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. If the cleaning after the formation of the nickel belt by electroplating is insufficient, sulfur in the plating solution remains near the surface of the nickel belt, and that portion becomes an image defect.
As a result of examining the correspondence between the amount of residual sulfur on the surface of the nickel belt and image defects, image defects can be eliminated by reducing the amount of sulfur remaining at a depth of up to 30 mm from the outermost surface of the nickel belt to 5 atomic% or less. This has led to the present invention.
【０００５】次に本発明のニッケル製ベルトの形成方法
を説明する。図１はニッケル製シームレスベルトを電気
メッキにより形成する装置の概略を示したものである。
円筒状マンドレル１は電気メッキ槽２中に軸６を介して
絶縁性の支持部７により垂直に吊り下げられている。円
筒状マンドレル１の外表面はクロム又はステンレス鋼等
の金属から成り、内表面はテフロン等の絶縁性部材から
成る。電気メッキ槽２はメッキ液３で満たされており、
メッキ液３の温度は３０−７０℃が好ましい。ニッケル
片４は円筒状マンドレル１を囲むように設けられた陽極
バスケット５内に配置されている。円筒状マンドレル１
は絶縁性のプーリ８、エンドレスベルト９及びモーター
10により３〜60rpm で回転可能となっている。電気メッ
キ電流は直流電源12から電気メッキ槽２へ供給される。
このため、直流電源12の正極は陽極バスケット５に、陰
極は電極11、導電性の軸６を介して円筒状マンドレルの
外表に接続されている。Next, a method for forming a nickel belt of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 schematically shows an apparatus for forming a nickel seamless belt by electroplating.
The cylindrical mandrel 1 is suspended vertically in an electroplating tank 2 via a shaft 6 by an insulating support 7. The outer surface of the cylindrical mandrel 1 is made of a metal such as chrome or stainless steel, and the inner surface is made of an insulating member such as Teflon. The electroplating tank 2 is filled with the plating solution 3,
The temperature of the plating solution 3 is preferably 30-70 ° C. The nickel pieces 4 are arranged in an anode basket 5 provided so as to surround the cylindrical mandrel 1. Cylindrical mandrel 1
Is an insulating pulley 8, an endless belt 9, and a motor
10 makes it possible to rotate at 3 to 60 rpm. The electroplating current is supplied from the DC power supply 12 to the electroplating tank 2.
For this purpose, the positive electrode of the DC power supply 12 is connected to the anode basket 5, and the negative electrode is connected to the outer surface of the cylindrical mandrel via the electrode 11 and the conductive shaft 6.
【０００６】メッキ液３としては硫酸ニッケル、ホウフ
ッ化ニッケル、塩化ニッケル、スルファミン酸ニッケ
ル、臭化ニッケル又はこれらの混合物に硼酸及びサッカ
リン、パラトルエンスルフォンアミド、ベンゼンジスル
フォン酸ナトリウム、ラウリル酸ナトリウム等の添加剤
を添加したものが好ましく使用される。The plating solution 3 includes nickel sulfate, nickel borofluoride, nickel chloride, nickel sulfamate, nickel bromide or a mixture thereof, such as boric acid and saccharin, paratoluenesulfonamide, sodium benzenedisulfonate, sodium laurate and the like. Those to which additives are added are preferably used.
【０００７】ニッケル製シームレスベルトの厚さはメッ
キ時の電流密度とメッキ時間の積によって決まるが、20
〜60μm程度が適当である。ニッケル製シームレスベル
ト上に設けられる感光層はこの分野で知られている無機
感光材料、有機感光材料のいずれで形成されていてもよ
く、また、単層タイプであっても電荷発生層及び電荷輸
送層からなる積層タイプのもののいずれてあってもかま
わない。[0007] The thickness of the nickel seamless belt is determined by the product of the current density during plating and the plating time.
About 60 μm is appropriate. The photosensitive layer provided on the nickel seamless belt may be formed of any of inorganic photosensitive materials and organic photosensitive materials known in the art, and a single layer type charge generating layer and charge transporting layer. Any of the laminated type composed of layers may be used.
【０００８】[0008]
実施例１ 第１図の電気メッキ装置において外径127.4mm、長さ400
mmのステンレス製円筒状マンドレルを用いて下記のメッ
キ液組成及びメッキ条件で厚さ30μm のニッケルシーム
レスベットを作成した。 (メッキ液組成) 60％スルファミン酸ニッケル液（日本化学産業製） 450g/リットル 臭化ニッケル （日本化学産業製） 5g/リットル 硼酸 （関東化学 製） 30g/リットル 添加剤 （NSF-E 日本化学産業製） 5cc/リットル （メッキ条件） 浴温度 50℃ 電流密度 5Ａ/dm2 ＰＨ 3.5〜4.5 メッキ時間 30分 このようにして作成したニッケル製シームレスベルトを
約５リットルのイオン交換水中で５分間超音波洗浄を行なっ
た後、70℃のイオン交換水６リットル中で約15秒間揺動洗い
を行った後室温にて乾燥した。このニッケル製シームレ
スベルトの長さ300mmの部分にアルキッド樹脂及び酸化
チタンから成る約３μmの下引層、アゾ顔料を主成分と
する約0.2μmの電荷輸送層を順次浸漬塗布法により設け
た。Example 1 In the electroplating apparatus shown in FIG.
A nickel seamless bed having a thickness of 30 μm was prepared using a stainless steel cylindrical mandrel having a thickness of 30 mm with the following plating solution composition and plating conditions. (Plating solution composition) 60% nickel sulfamate solution (Nippon Kagaku Sangyo) 450 g / l Nickel bromide (Nippon Kagaku Sangyo) 5 g / l Boric acid (Kanto Kagaku) 30 g / l Additive (NSF-E Nippon Kagaku Sangyo) 5cc / liter (plating conditions) Bath temperature 50 ° C Current density 5A / dm 2 PH 3.5-4.5 Plating time 30 minutes Ultrasonic wave the nickel seamless belt thus prepared in about 5 liters of ion exchange water for 5 minutes. After washing, the plate was shake-washed in 6 liters of ion-exchanged water at 70 ° C. for about 15 seconds, and then dried at room temperature. An undercoat layer of about 3 μm made of alkyd resin and titanium oxide and a charge transport layer of about 0.2 μm containing azo pigment as a main component were successively provided by dip coating on a 300 mm long portion of the nickel seamless belt.
【０００９】実施例２ 実施例１と全く同ようにしてニッケル製シームレスベル
トを作成した後、約４リットルのイオン交換水中で約30秒間
このニッケルシームレスベルトを揺動洗いた後、室温に
て乾燥した。ニッケル製シームレスベルト表面には極淡
い茶褐色の水滴跡が残っていた。この後実施例１と全く
同ようの感光層を設けた。Example 2 A nickel seamless belt was prepared in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, and this nickel seamless belt was rocked and washed in about 4 liters of ion-exchanged water for about 30 seconds and then dried at room temperature. did. Traces of very pale brown water droplets remained on the surface of the nickel seamless belt. Thereafter, the same photosensitive layer as in Example 1 was provided.
【００１０】比較例１ 実施例１と全く同ようにしてニッケル製シームレスベル
トを作成後、約４リットルの水道水を用いて約15秒間揺動洗
いを行なった後ニッケル製ベルトを室温にて乾燥した。
ニッケル製シームレスベルト表面には淡い白色の水滴跡
が残っていた。この後実施例１と全く同ようの感光層を
設けた。Comparative Example 1 A nickel seamless belt was prepared in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, washed for about 15 seconds with about 4 liters of tap water, and then dried at room temperature. did.
Light white water droplets remained on the surface of the nickel seamless belt. Thereafter, the same photosensitive layer as in Example 1 was provided.
【００１１】比較例２ 比較例１において用いた水道水の代りに逆浸透膜（ＲＯ
膜）を用いた純水装置により作成した純水約４リットル
を用いた以外は比較例１と全く同ようにしてベルトを洗
浄した。ニッケル製ベルトの表面には比較例１と同よう
な極淡い白色の水滴跡が残っていた。この後、実施例１
と全く同ようの感光層を設けた。Comparative Example 2 Instead of tap water used in Comparative Example 1, a reverse osmosis membrane (RO) was used.
The belt was washed in exactly the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that about 4 liters of pure water prepared by a pure water apparatus using the membrane was used. Very faint white water droplet marks similar to those of Comparative Example 1 were left on the surface of the nickel belt. Thereafter, the first embodiment
A photosensitive layer exactly the same as that described above was provided.
【００１２】このようにして作成したシームレスベルト
感光体を長さ300mmに切断後、静電式ファクシミリ RIFA
X2500（リコー社製）に取り付け画像評価を行なった。
また切断時の残り100mmの感光層未塗布部分の水滴跡部
をＸ線光電子分光装置（ESCALAB MK-II：VGサイエンテ
ィフィック社製)を用いて下記の分析条件で最表面から3
0Åまでの深さに残存する硫黄量を測定した。なお実施
例１のニッケル製シームレスベルトには水滴跡部が形成
されなかったので残り100mmのうち任意の部分の測定を
行なった。 分析条件 出 力： 10KV-20mA Ｘ 線 源： Mg-Kd パスエネルギー： 20 eV 測 定 真 空 度： 2×10- 9 mbar エネルギー補正： CIs=284.6 eV 画像評価結果及び30Åまでの深さの残存硫黄量の測定結
果を表１に示す。After cutting the seamless belt photoreceptor thus produced to a length of 300 mm, an electrostatic facsimile RIFA
X2500 (manufactured by Ricoh Company) was used to evaluate the image.
The remaining 100 mm of the water droplet trace on the uncoated portion of the photosensitive layer was cut from the outermost surface using an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (ESCALAB MK-II: VG Scientific) under the following analysis conditions.
The amount of sulfur remaining at a depth of up to 0 ° was measured. Since no trace of water droplets was formed on the nickel seamless belt of Example 1, an arbitrary portion of the remaining 100 mm was measured. Analysis conditions Output: 10 KV-20 mA X-ray source: Mg-Kd pass energy: 20 eV measurement vacuum degree: 2 × 10 - 9 mbar Energy correction: CIs = 284.6 eV image evaluation results and remaining depth to 30Å Table 1 shows the measurement results of the sulfur content.
【００１３】[0013]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の効果】電気メッキにより形成したニッケル製シ
ームレスベットを水洗後該ニッケル製シームレスベルト
表面に感光層を設けて成る電子写真感光体において、該
ベルトの最表面から30Åまでの深さに存在する硫黄含有
量を５原子％以下にすることにより、画像欠陥のない感
光体を製造することができる。According to the present invention, an electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a nickel-made seamless bed formed by electroplating and then provided with a photosensitive layer on the surface of the nickel-made seamless belt is present at a depth of up to 30 mm from the outermost surface of the belt. By setting the sulfur content to 5 atomic% or less, a photoconductor without image defects can be manufactured.
【図１】図１は電解メッキによりニッケル製シームレス
ベルトを作成する装置の概略を示したものである。FIG. 1 schematically shows an apparatus for producing a nickel seamless belt by electrolytic plating.
１ 円筒状マンドレル ２ 電気メッキ槽 ３ メッキ液 ４ ニッケル片 ５ 陽極バスケット ６ 軸 ７ 支持部 ８ プーリ ９ エンドレスベルト 10 モーター 11 電極 12 直流電流 13 ニッケル製ベルト DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylindrical mandrel 2 Electroplating tank 3 Plating solution 4 Nickel piece 5 Anode basket 6 Shaft 7 Support part 8 Pulley 9 Endless belt 10 Motor 11 Electrode 12 DC current 13 Nickel belt
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 猪狩 聰 東京都大田区中馬込１丁目３番６号 株 式会社リコー内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭58−136043（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭63−41859（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特公 昭52−36016（ＪＰ，Ｂ１) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) G03G 5/10 Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Satoshi Inari 1-3-6 Nakamagome, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside Ricoh Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-58-136043 (JP, A) JP-A-63-41859 (JP, A) Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-16016 (JP, B1) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) G03G 5/10
Claims (1)
ムレスベルト表面に感光層を設けて成る電子写真感光体
の製造方法において、該ベルトの最表面から３０Åの深
さまでに残存する硫黄がＸ線光電子分光法により５原子
％以下になるようにする事を特徴とする電子写真感光
体。1. A method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a photosensitive layer provided on the surface of a nickel seamless belt formed by electroplating, wherein sulfur remaining up to a depth of 30 ° from the outermost surface of the belt is reduced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. An electrophotographic photoreceptor characterized in that the content is adjusted to 5 atomic% or less.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26324991A JP3114887B2 (en) | 1991-09-13 | 1991-09-13 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26324991A JP3114887B2 (en) | 1991-09-13 | 1991-09-13 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0689042A JPH0689042A (en) | 1994-03-29 |
| JP3114887B2 true JP3114887B2 (en) | 2000-12-04 |
Family
ID=17386850
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26324991A Expired - Lifetime JP3114887B2 (en) | 1991-09-13 | 1991-09-13 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3114887B2 (en) |
-
1991
- 1991-09-13 JP JP26324991A patent/JP3114887B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0689042A (en) | 1994-03-29 |
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