JP3112430B2 - Sediment improvement equipment and soil improvement method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an earth and sand improvement device for improving earth and sand generated by construction work into reusable improved soil, and a method for improving the earth and sand which can be reused. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are, for example, the following three processing techniques as techniques for improving earth and sand (for example, construction-generated soil and dredged soil) generated by construction and civil engineering work into improved reusable soil. Solidification and plasticization treatment to produce improved soil with high strength or plasticity from soft clay soil or highly hydrous soil. Fluidization process that adds water, solidifying material, etc. to earth and sand to produce improved soil with fluidity and self-hardening properties. In addition, a lightening process that adds fluidity, self-hardening and lightness by adding a lightening material. A granulation process for producing a granular material having strength.

[0003] In the conventional method for improving the earth and sand of the solidification treatment or the plasticization treatment, first, a pretreatment for deagglomerating a lump of clay or the like contained in the earth and sand is performed, and then the solidified material is supplied to the mixing device while supplying the sand. Solidification treatment or plasticization treatment is performed by addition and mixing. The pretreatment is performed, for example, by separately providing a mud-removing device such as bucket mixing and putting earth and sand into the mud-removing device, or by stirring the sand with a backhoe or the like.

[0004] As shown in Fig. 8, which is a schematic diagram of a conventional fluidizing treatment (or lightening treatment), the soil improvement method of the fluidizing treatment or the lightening treatment involves the following steps.
After the earth and sand are stirred by the backhoe P1 in the sludge tank P2 to deagglomerate the sediment and transferred to the sludge preparing device P3,
Water (dilution water) is added in the mud conditioner P3 to prepare a mud, and thereafter, the mixture is kneaded while being mixed with a solidifying material by a kneading machine P4, whereby a fluidization treatment is performed. The weight reduction process is performed by further adding a weight reducing material to the kneading machine P4 and kneading.

[0005] In the method for improving the earth and sand of the granulation treatment, the solidification is once performed to solidify the earth and sand.
The solidified earth and sand is pulverized by a pulverizer to generate a granular material having a predetermined size, thereby performing a granular treatment.

[0006]

As described above, in the conventional method for improving soil and sand, a plurality of steps such as a demuxing treatment and a mud conditioning treatment are required as pretreatments, and different apparatuses are used in each step. I have. In addition, in the granulation treatment, in addition to the above-described pretreatment and solidification treatment, a pulverization treatment for pulverizing the solidified earth and sand is necessary, and a device such as a pulverizer is used.

That is, in the conventional earth and sand improvement method, it is necessary to perform a plurality of processes using a plurality of devices, and the processing time and the processing cost are correspondingly increased.

Further, since a plurality of devices are used, there is a problem that a large installation space for installing the devices is required. The improvement of earth and sand may be performed, for example, in a situation where the construction site where the earth and sand are generated and the construction site using the improved soil are in the same place. It was necessary to construct a distant place from the construction site, transport the generated soil to that location, perform the improvement process, and then transport the improved soil to the construction site again.

[0009] The above-mentioned problems are particularly conspicuous in fluidization processing and weight reduction processing. That is, in the fluidization treatment and the lightening treatment, a slurry-like improved soil having fluidity and self-hardening is generated, and the improved soil is used for, for example, a material that fills a narrow space due to its fluidity. It is necessary to sufficiently disintegrate earth and sand, and it is difficult to avoid the above problems. (For example, there is no workaround to omit the preprocessing.)

[0010] Further, since the improved soil generated by fluidization treatment or lightening treatment has self-hardening property and cannot be stored, when the construction site is narrow, the improved soil is improved to the construction site after the soil is improved in another place. The complicated work of having to transport was indispensable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and includes a method for pulverizing earth and sand, mixing and kneading with an improving material (a solidifying material and a lightening material, etc.), a method for pulverizing solidified sand and the like. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an earth and sand improvement device capable of performing the above-mentioned treatments collectively, and an earth and sand improvement method capable of being processed with a small and simplified facility, and capable of shortening the processing time and reducing the processing cost. I have.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an invention according to claim 1 is provided with a casing having an inlet for charging earth and sand and an outlet for discharging earth and sand, and a casing disposed in the casing. A rotating shaft that rotates in the casing, and a plurality of stirring blades (also referred to as paddles) attached to the rotating shaft and stirring earth and sand with the rotation of the rotating shaft.
An earth and sand improvement apparatus comprising: a plurality of stirring blades, each of which is mounted at an angle to send earth and sand in a forward direction from the input port side toward the discharge port side when the rotation shaft rotates. and stirring blade, and opposite blades mounted at an angle to send in the opposite direction toward the discharge port side of the sand from the inlet side is provided when the rotary shaft is rotated, the
A plurality of stirring blades are discharged from the inlet side of the casing.
Along the mouth side, it is provided in multiple stages with an interval,
The stirring blades that constitute the same stage discharge from the inlet side
One section almost perpendicular to the direction of earth and sand transport toward the mouth
Parts provided to stirring and shear, agitation of the plurality of stages
Of the blades, a stage composed of only the reverse blades is
At least two steps across the stage consisting of normal stirring blades
It was configured to have more than one step .

According to the apparatus for improving soil and sand according to the first aspect, the earth and sand introduced from the inlet is stirred and sheared by the rotating stirring blade while moving from the inlet to the outlet of the casing. You. The earth and sand is sent to the discharge port side by the normal rotation of the stirring blade, but in the middle, the reverse movement is generated by the rotation of the reverse blade. Due to the action of the reverse blades, resistance to the movement of the earth and sand toward the discharge port side is exerted, so that the time for earth and sand to stay in the casing is lengthened, and accordingly, the number of times of stirring and shearing by the stirring blade increases. In addition, in the region where the reverse blade rotates, a load is applied to the earth and sand in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the earth and sand, so that a complicated and strong stirring action can be exerted on the earth and sand. Since the residence time is prolonged and a complicated and strong stirring action is obtained, the shearing action of the earth and sand increases, and it becomes possible to de-mud the earth and sand. Similarly, it is possible to mix and knead the earth and sand with an improving material for improving the earth and sand. In addition, the process of disintegrating the hardened earth and sand into granules can be performed by stirring and shearing with stirring blades as in the related art.

[0014] In addition, 2 composed only of the above-mentioned inverted blades.
The standard agitation sandwiched between the two-stage part and the two-stage part
In the area consisting of the blade stages,
And a shear acceleration zone that promotes shearing of soil and sand
You. In other words, in this shear acceleration zone, the flow of sediment is complicated.
And the accumulation of sediment is promoted.
As the number of sand shears increases, complex loads are applied to the sediment
Strong stirring and shearing action is exerted. This shear accelerating zo
The formation of soil ensures shearing of the earth and sand
Therefore, the quality of the improved soil is improved.

That is, the earth and sand improvement apparatus of the present invention is applied to earth and sand.
Used for solidification and plasticization processing to add strength or plasticity
For example, sludge treatment as pretreatment, solidified material or plasticized material, etc.
And continuous mixing and kneading with the improved material
It becomes possible. In addition, the soil has fluidity and self-hardening
Or used for fluidization or weight reduction to add lightness.
If this is the case, it is mixed with water (dilution water) as a pretreatment.
Mud processing, and mixing and kneading with solidified and lightweight materials
Processing and the like can be performed collectively and continuously. Ma
Used in the granulation process to produce strong granules.
If it is, it can be used as a pretreatment,
Mixing / kneading process, crushing process to crush hardened soil
Etc. can be performed continuously and collectively.

Therefore, according to the earth and sand improving apparatus of the present invention,
If necessary, continuously perform the processing required for soil improvement with one device
And can be processed separately by multiple devices as before.
Treatment time spent on soil improvement compared to
And the cost of processing can be reduced. Also, pre-processing
It does not require extra equipment to perform
In comparison, the space for installing the equipment is small and small.
Sediment improvement treatment can be performed at construction sites. Follow
And fixed plan in the place away from the construction site as before
Construction work, improve the soil at the fixed plant, and
Complicated work such as transporting to
Good equipment is transported as a portable plant and installed at the construction site
Can improve soil and sand,
For example, from the occurrence of sediment (constructed soil or dredged soil),
Improved and improved soil can be used at the same construction site
It is very convenient.

The earth and sand improvement device has one rotation axis.
Or two axes, the number of which is limited
is not. Also, the number, arrangement and angle of the above-mentioned reverse blades
For example, depending on the type of soil to be treated (soil quality, moisture content, etc.)
By adjusting accordingly, the appropriate
Stirring / shearing can be performed, but it is not particularly limited.
Not. Also, the passage area through which the stirring blades pass and the casing
It is preferable to make the distance between the inner wall of the
So that the earth and sand are outside the passage area of the stirring blade
To prevent agitation and shearing.
it can.

Further , the configuration in which the plurality of stirring blades are provided in a plurality of stages at intervals from the inlet side to the outlet side of the casing is specifically described in FIG. 2 (the present invention). (Top view showing the embodiment)
In the figure, 8A and 8B are rotary shafts, 12a ..., 14a ..., 16
a ..., 18a ... are stirring blades, 12b ..., 14b ..., 16
b ..., 18b ... are stirring blades in opposite directions, and the stirring blades surrounded by dotted lines constitute the same stage. That is,
If the stirring blades constituting the same stage are clearly defined, if the stirring blades are arranged in a plurality of rows with their positions shifted in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, a cross section perpendicular to the conveying direction of the earth and sand is taken. Then, the stirring blades of each row closest to this cross section can be defined as the same stage. This definition can be similarly applied whether the rotation axis is a single axis or a plurality of axes. The same definition can be applied even when the stirring blades are arranged in a spiral line.

[0019] According to a second aspect of the invention, the soil modifying apparatus according to claim 1, rotary shafts equipped with the agitating blade is provided at least two sets, and the movable range of the stirring blade provided on one of the rotary shaft The movable range of the stirring blade provided on the other rotating shaft overlaps in a cross-sectional view substantially perpendicular to the earth and sand transport direction.

[0020] Like the earth and sand improvement device according to the second aspect, the earth and sand improvement device has two rotating shafts, and the stirring blades provided on these two shafts are arranged so as to overlap each other as viewed in the earth and sand transport direction. By doing so, the stirring and shearing of the earth and sand can be further promoted, and the function and effect of the invention of claim 1 can be further ensured, and the quality of soil improvement can be improved.

[0021] According to a third aspect of the invention, the soil modifying apparatus according to claim 2, in substantially vertical cross section in the conveying direction of the soil, the length of the central line segment between the two axes of rotation, the center Assuming that the ratio of the length occupied by the overlapping portion of the moving range of the stirring blade of one rotating shaft and the moving range of the stirring blade of the other rotating shaft in the interline segment is the overlapping ratio, the overlapping ratio is 0.4 or more. The configuration was adopted.

As in the earth and sand improvement device according to the third aspect , the overlapping ratio (also referred to as a lap ratio) between the stirring blade of the one rotating shaft and the stirring blade of the other rotating shaft is set to 0.4 or more. Thereby, the stirring and shearing action of the earth and sand is remarkably improved. This operation will be described with reference to the graph of FIG. This graph shows the corresponding relationship between the lap ratio and the stirring / shearing treatment capacity, in which the vertical axis represents the passing mass percentage (mass percentage of sediment having a certain particle size or less contained in the soil), and the horizontal axis represents the passing mass percentage. The particle size (mm) is shown. And
“-□-” is the original soil before the treatment, “… ○…” is the treated soil that has been sufficiently pulverized by the pulverizer that specializes in the pulverization.
▲ (black triangle)-”is treated soil treated with the soil improvement device with a lap ratio of 0.2,“ − ■ − ”is treated soil with the soil improvement device with a lap ratio of 0.3, and“ − ● − ”is the lap ratio. It is a soil treated by a soil improvement device of 0.4 or more. From the graph, it can be seen that the mud-removing action of the soil improvement device having the lap ratio of 0.4 or more is remarkably improved as compared with those of the soil improvement device having the lap ratio of 0.2 or 0.3.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for improving earth and sand generated by construction and civil engineering work using the earth and sand improving apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the earth and sand is improved by the earth and sand improvement method. Along with feeding into the apparatus, an improving material for improving the earth and sand is thrown into the earth and sand improving apparatus, and the soil and sand improving apparatus having the inverted blades continuously perform the demulsification of the sand and the mixing with the improving material to improve the soil. The construction method was to generate the improved soil.

According to the method for improving earth and sand described in claim 4 , in order to improve the earth and sand generated in the construction and civil engineering work and to produce an improved soil which can be reused, conventionally, a plurality of processing apparatuses are used. According to the present invention, it is possible to continuously perform the demulsification of earth and sand and the mixing with the improving material by using the same device to generate the improved soil with one device. Therefore, the processing time and the processing cost can be reduced as compared with the related art. In addition, since the processing equipment of this soil and sand improvement method has a compact configuration, it is possible to make the processing equipment (earth and sand improvement equipment) portable.
Further, the apparatus can be installed even in a narrow construction site. Therefore, for example, from the occurrence of soil such as construction-generated soil and dredged soil, it is possible to improve the soil and use the improved soil at the same construction site, and the fixed plant must be constructed at a remote location. Work efficiency is dramatically improved as compared with the conventional method.

The improved soil that can be produced by this method includes an improved soil having strength or plasticity, an improved soil having fluidity and self-hardening property, an improved soil having fluidity, self-hardening property and light weight, and an improved soil having strength. There is an improved soil produced in the form of granules. The above-mentioned improving material is used separately according to the improved soil to be produced.When producing an improved soil having strength or plasticity, or when producing a granular material having strength as an improved soil, a cement-based material is used. When a polymer-based solidifying material is used to generate an improved soil having fluidity and self-hardening property,
When a solidified material and dilution water are used to produce an improved soil having fluidity, self-hardening property and light weight, a solidified material, dilution water and a lightening material such as air bubbles and foam beads are used. In addition, as a improving material, a thickening agent that prevents the lightening material from separating from the earth or the diluting water or the sand from separating from the diluting water, suppresses the breathing of the improved soil, and maintains the fluidized state for a long time. Superplasticizer, deodorant to prevent the emission of odor from the improved soil (some solidifiers contain deodorant), heavy metals flowing out of the improved soil generated by stabilizing harmful heavy metals contained in earth and sand In some cases, a heavy metal stabilizer (for example, an inorganic heavy metal stabilizer or an organic (polymer) heavy metal stabilizer) that makes it difficult to cause the like may be used.

[0026]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG.
1 is a perspective view showing an overview of a soil and sand improving apparatus (paddle mixer) 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view showing rotating shafts 8A and 8B.
And FIG. 3 is a top view showing a state of a plurality of stirring blades (paddles).
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, a soil improvement device (paddle mixer) 1 of this embodiment includes a casing 4, rotating shafts 8A, 8B, and a rotating shaft 8 disposed in the casing 4.
A, 8B, a plurality of stirring blades (also referred to as paddles) 12a ..., 12b ..., 14a ..., 14b ..., 1
, 16b, 18a, 18b, though not shown, a prime mover for rotationally driving the rotary shafts 8A, 8B, and a transmission for transmitting the driving force of the prime mover to the rotary shafts 8A, 8B. It is composed of a mechanism (belt, belt wheel, etc.).

The casing 4 accommodates and passes earth and sand in order to stir and shear the earth and sand. The casing 4 is long in one direction, and has substantially the same cross-sectional shape from one end to the other end in the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG. 4, the inner wall of the casing 4 has stirring blades 12 a, 12 b, 14 a, 14 b, 16.
, 16b, ..., 18a, ..., 18b ... are formed so as to be close to each other by a clearance amount in the moving range in which they rotate.

An inlet 2 for charging earth and sand is provided at an upper portion of one end of the casing 4, and an outlet 3 for discharging the earth and sand is provided at a lower portion of the other end. Also, as schematically shown in FIG. 5, above the input port 2, an earth and sand hopper 30 for temporarily storing the earth and sand to be injected, and an improving material hopper for temporarily storing an earth improving material for improving the earth and sand are provided. 31,3
2 and the like, and a conveyor for transporting the improved soil, a storage tank 38 for storing the improved soil, and the like are provided below the outlet 3. In addition, auxiliary opening windows 5 are provided at the upper part of the casing 4, and are normally closed by lids 5a.

The rotating shafts 8A, 8B are provided with stirring blades 12a,.
12b ..., 14a ..., 14b ..., 16a ..., 16b ...,
, 18b... Are rotated in parallel with each other along the longitudinal direction of the casing 4, and are rotated by the driving force of the prime mover.
Here, the two rotating shafts 8A and 8B rotate in directions different from each other.

The stirring blades 12a ..., 12b ..., 14a ...,
14b ..., 16a ..., 16b ..., 18a ..., 18b ...
Is used to agitate and shear the earth and sand in the casing 4 by rotational driving. As shown in FIG. 2, they are attached to the rotating shafts 8A and 8B at intervals. These stirring blades 12a ..., 12b ..., 14a ..., 14b ..., 16
Some of a,..., 16b,..., 18a.

This angle-adjustable structure is, for example, shown in FIG.
, The stirring blades 12a (12b ..., 14a ...,
14b ..., 16a ..., 16b ..., 18a ..., 18b
…), The connecting shaft 21 fixed to the stirring blade, the rotating shaft 8A,
8B, and a power lock nut 2 for tightening the connection shaft 21 and the bearing 23.
5 and so on. That is, according to this structure, the stirring blades 12a (12b ..., 14a ..., 14b ..., 16a)
, 16b ..., 18a ..., 18b ...) can be fixed so that the angle can be freely adjusted in the rotation direction of the connection shaft 21 (for example, the rotation direction around an axis perpendicular to the rotation shafts 8A and 8B).

The stirring blades 12a ..., 12b ..., 14a
..., 14b ..., 16a ..., 16b ..., 18a ..., 18b
Are arranged in a row in the axial direction of the rotating shafts 8A and 8B (longitudinal direction of the casing 4), for example, and four rows are provided on the two rotating shafts 8A and 8B in total. That is, one rotating shaft 8A is provided with a first row of stirring blades 12a, 12b, and a second row of stirring blades 14a, 14b, and the other rotating shaft 8B is provided with a third row of stirring blades 16a. ..., 16b ...
, A fourth row of stirring blades 18a, ..., 18b ... are provided. Also, the first row of stirring blades 12a, 12b... And the second row of stirring blades 14a, 14b.
Are arranged at symmetrical arrangement angles with respect to the 180-degree rotation of the rotating shaft 8B, and the third-row stirring blades 16a, 16b ... and the fourth-row stirring blades 18a, 18b ... It is provided at a symmetrical arrangement angle with respect to. Also, the first and second rows of stirring blades 12a..., 12b.
4b, and the third and fourth stirring blades 16a, 16b,
, 18b... Are arranged so as to be shifted from each other by a predetermined length in the axial direction so that they do not come into contact with each other as the rotating shafts 8A, 8B rotate.

The four rows of stirring blades 12a..., 12b.
14a ..., 14b ..., 16a ..., 16b ..., 18a ...,
18b are provided in a plurality of stages at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the casing 4. And
These four rows of stirring blades 12a ..., 12b ..., 14a ...,
Four stirring blades 12a, 14a, 16 arranged sideways among 14b, 16a, 16b, 18a, 18b ...
a, 18a (12b, 14b, 16b, 18b) constitute the same stage. In FIG. 2, the same steps are respectively surrounded by dotted lines. The four stirring blades 12a, 14a, 16a, 18a (12b, 14b,
16b, 18b), one section substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the casing 4 is stirred and sheared.

The plurality of stirring blades 12a ..., 12b ...,
14a ..., 14b ..., 16a ..., 16b ..., 18a ...,
18b, most of the stirring blades 12a, 14a, 1
, 18a are attached at an angle to send the earth and sand from the inlet 2 side to the outlet 3 side of the casing 4 with the rotation of the rotating shafts 8A, 8B, and the remaining stirring blades 12b, 14b
, 16b ..., 18b ... are attached at an angle to send earth and sand in a direction opposite to the direction from the inlet 2 side to the outlet 3 side of the casing 4 with the rotation of the rotating shafts 8A, 8B.
That is, the stirring blades mounted in the opposite direction (hereinafter, referred to as reverse stirring blades) 12b ..., 14b.
, 16b ..., 18b ... constitute the reverse vanes.

The stirring blades 12b..., 14b.
6b ..., 18b ... are normally oriented stirring blades 12a ..., 1
, 16a ..., 18a ... are provided in two stages. The range surrounded by the two-stage stirring blades 12a,..., 16a,..., 18a.

The stirring blades 12b,...
, 16b, and 18b are not limited to the above-described arrangement and number, and may have a configuration in which a large number of stages such as three or four stages are provided, or a configuration having only one stage. Alternatively, only a part of the plurality of stirring blades constituting the stage may be configured in the opposite direction. , 14b..., 16
By changing the arrangement and number of b ..., 18b ..., it is possible to adjust the time during which earth and sand stay in the casing 4 and the shearing efficiency. When the above-mentioned shear acceleration zone is formed, it is preferable to lengthen the soil improvement device 1 by the length of the shear acceleration zone.

As shown in FIG. 4, two rotating shafts 8A and 8
B, the distance between their centers is a predetermined length a (for example, 225
mm). Moreover, each stirring blade 12a ..., 12b ..., 14a ..., 14b ..., 16a ...,
, 18a, and 18b, the distance between the tip and the center of the rotating shafts 8A and 8B is a predetermined length (for example, 160 m).
m). Thereby, in the sectional view of the casing 4 as viewed in the longitudinal direction, the moving range of the stirring blades 12a ..., 12b ..., 14a ..., 14b ... of one rotary shaft 8A and the stirring blades 16a ... of the other rotary shaft 8B ... 16
, 18a..., 18b... (inside the arc shown by the dashed line in FIG. 4) overlap.

The distance a between the centers of the two rotating shafts 8A and 8B and one of the stirring blades 1 of the line segment connecting the centers.
, 12b ..., 14a ..., 14b ... and the other stirring blades 16a ..., 16b ..., 18a ..., 18b ...
The lap ratio (overlap ratio) b / a, which is a ratio of the length b occupied by the overlapping portion with the moving range, is 0.4 or more.

The soil improvement device 1 of this embodiment is configured as described above, and improves the soil generated by the construction and civil works by the following processing so that the soil can be effectively used for the construction and civil works. Is generated. Less than,
As a method for improving soil and sand according to an embodiment of the present invention, a fluidization process (or a lightening process) for generating an improved soil with added fluidity and self-hardening (or lightweight) will be described.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of the processing procedure of the earth and sand improvement method (fluidization processing or lightening processing). In the earth and sand improvement method of this embodiment, first, the prime mover is driven to rotate the stirring blades 12a, 12b, 14a, 14b.
, 16a ..., 16b ..., 18a ..., 18b ... are driven to rotate and the earth and diluting water and the improving material are almost simultaneously supplied to the earth and sand improving apparatus 1.

That is, excavated earth and sand having various properties from sandy to clayy material generated in the construction and civil engineering work, and soft soil such as highly hydrated soil and cohesive soil generated in the dredging work are transferred to the earth and sand hopper 30.
Through the inlet 2 of the soil and sand improvement device 1 via the.

Almost in parallel with the introduction of the earth and sand, the water tank 3
The dilution water (normal water) stored in 5 is pumped up by a metering pump and poured into the earth and sand improvement device 1 from the inlet 2. The amount of the dilution water to be injected is determined in advance according to the properties of the injected earth and sand and the level of fluidity required for the improved soil, and is injected in predetermined amounts.

In parallel with the introduction of the earth and sand, a solidifying material (for example, a cement-based or polymer-based solidifying material) is fed from the improving material hopper 31 as one of the improving materials. The amount of the solidified material to be introduced is determined in advance by a predetermined amount according to the properties of the introduced earth and sand and the level of fluidity required for the improved soil.

When lightness is added to the soil after the improvement in addition to the fluidity and the self-hardening property, the weight-reducing material (foamed beads or air bubbles) may be used as one of the improving materials almost in parallel with the introduction of the soil. , Etc.) are also injected in predetermined amounts. For example, the air bubbles are supplied after the foaming material is foamed by a compressor 43 or a foaming machine 42.

In addition, as an improving material to be added, a fluidizing agent for suppressing the breathing of the improved soil (a phenomenon in which water floats on the surface of the improved soil) and maintaining a fluidized state for a long time, or a lightweight material is added. In some cases, a thickener (also referred to as a binder) for preventing separation between the chemical and the dilution water is added. The fluidizing agent is supplied, for example, at the center of the casing 4 or at the outlet 3 side.

The earth and sand, the dilution water and the improving material supplied to the earth and sand improving apparatus 1 are supplied to the stirring blades 12a.
a ..., 16a ..., 18a ..., the casing 4
, 12b..., 14a that are driven to rotate while being pressure-fed from the inlet 2 side to the outlet 3 side in the longitudinal direction of
..., 14b ..., 16a ..., 16b ..., 18a ..., 18b
Due to the shearing action of ..., muddy of earth and sand, mixing and preparation of earth and sand and dilution water, and mixing and kneading of earth and sand with the improving material are continuously performed.

In particular, the stirring blades 12b,.
, 16b, and 18b are rotationally driven, agitation is performed under pressure in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the earth and sand, dilution water, and the improving material. The time increases, and the number of shears performed in the soil improvement device 1 increases accordingly. Further, by stirring the stirring blades 12b in the opposite direction, 14b, 16b, 18b, etc., complicated and strong stirring is performed on the earth and sand, dilution water and the improving material, and muddy of the earth and sand and mixing of the earth with the dilution water are performed.・ Sufficient shearing force can be obtained for mud preparation.

The stirring blades 12b,...
, 16b ..., 18b ... and in the above-mentioned shear acceleration zone Z1 formed between them, retention and agitation of earth and sand, dilution water and improving material are promoted, and dewatering of earth and sand and dilution with earth and sand are promoted. Mixing with water and mud, mixing with earth and sand and improving material
Kneading is performed more reliably.

As described above, the stirring blades 12a,.
..., 14a ..., 14b ..., 16a ..., 16b ..., 18a
Under the agitation / shearing action of..., 18b, the earth and sand, dilution water and the improving material advance in the casing 4 in the longitudinal direction, and by the time the discharge port 3 is reached, the earth and sand are sufficiently pulverized and diluted. Cement soil type (or slurry type, soil mortar type) that is well mixed with water and improving material, and has fluidity and self-hardening property (and lightness is added if a lightening material is added) Improved soil (fluidized soil,
Alternatively, if a lightweight material is introduced, the state is improved to a lightened soil. Then, the improved soil in this state is discharged from the discharge port 4 and temporarily stored in the storage tank 38.
This improved soil is used for backfilling and void filling in construction work.

FIG. 6 is a chart showing changes in the particle size distribution of the soil before and after the soil improvement method (fluidization treatment) by the soil improvement apparatus 1 of this embodiment. This graph shows the change in the particle size distribution before and after the fluidization treatment by the soil improvement device 1, in which the vertical axis represents the passing mass percentage (mass percentage of soil having a certain particle size or less contained in the soil), and the horizontal axis represents Indicates the particle size (mm). "-□-" is the original soil before the treatment, "... ○ ..." is the treated soil that has been sufficiently pulverized by a pulverizer that specializes in the pulverization, and "-●-" is the soil improvement apparatus 1. It is an improved soil treated by According to the graph, according to the soil and sand improving apparatus 1 of this embodiment, almost the same demulling treatment as that of the pretreatment-dedicated mud-removing apparatus is performed, and the degree of improvement after the treatment uses the pre-treatment-dedicated mud-removing apparatus. It can be seen that the particle size distribution is almost the same as that obtained when the above-mentioned process is performed.

The graph of FIG. 6 shows the stirring blade 12a.
..., 12b ..., 14a ..., 14b ..., 16a ..., 16b
, 18a..., 18b. "-▲ (black triangle)-" indicates a lap rate of 0.
The soil treated by the soil improvement device 2 was treated by the soil improvement device 1 with a lap ratio of 0.4, "-「-"was treated by the soil improvement device 1 with a wrap ratio of 0.3, It is improved soil. It can be seen that the mud-removing action of the soil improvement device 1 having a lap ratio of 0.4 or more is remarkably improved as compared with those of the soil improvement device having the lap ratio of 0.2 or 0.3.

Further, with the earth and sand improving apparatus 1 of this embodiment, it is possible to perform a granulation treatment for generating a granular material having strength. For example, the soil generated by the construction work and the solidified material are put into the soil and sand improvement device 1 and the stirring blades 12a
..., 12b ..., 14a ..., 14b ..., 16a ..., 16b
, 18a ..., 18b ... to perform agitation / shearing treatment, pre-treatment, mixing / kneading treatment with an improving material such as solidified material, and crushing to disintegrate hardened earth and sand Processing and the like can be performed collectively and continuously.

FIG. 7 is a chart showing a change in the composition of the grain distribution of the soil before and after the granulation treatment by the soil improvement device 1 of this embodiment. This graph shows the change in the particle size distribution before and after the above-mentioned granulation treatment by the earth and sand improvement device 1, wherein the vertical axis shows the passing mass percentage and the horizontal axis shows the particle size (mm). "-□-" is the original soil before the treatment, and "-■-" is the improved soil that has been granulated by the earth and sand improving device 1. As shown in the graph, mainly from 2 mm
It can be seen that good-quality granular soil having a particle size of 20 mm was generated.

As described above, according to the soil and sand improving apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the stirring blades 12b,.
, 16b ..., 18b ... increase the residence time of the earth and sand in the casing 4 and make it possible to exert a complicated and strong stirring and shearing action on the earth and sand. In addition, the reverse blade 1
Due to the action of the shear acceleration zone Z1 surrounded by the two-stage portion composed of only 2b, 14b, 16b, and 18b, the accumulation of earth and sand and the shearing of earth and sand are promoted, and the treatment of mud, etc. of earth and sand is promoted. Can be performed reliably.

The rotary shafts 8A and 8B have two shafts, and the stirring blades 12a...
..., 14a ..., 14b ..., 16a ..., 16b ..., 18a
..., 18b ... are arranged so as to have an overlap in the earth and sand transport direction, and the overlap ratio is 0.4 or more, so that the stirring and shearing action of the earth and sand is remarkably improved. doing. From the above, it becomes possible to collectively and continuously perform a soil improvement process that has been conventionally performed by using a plurality of devices and performing a plurality of processes such as pre-treatment using a single device. ing.

The soil improvement method of the present embodiment using the above soil improvement device 1 (fluidization treatment / lightening treatment).
According to the present invention, it is possible to continuously perform the demulsification of earth and sand, the mixing / mixing with the dilution water, and the mixing / kneading with the improving material using the same apparatus. Compared with the conventional method for improving the earth and sand which had to be applied to the processing step, it is possible to greatly reduce the processing time and the processing cost.

Furthermore, since the processing equipment has a more compact configuration than in the past, the processing equipment can be made portable, and the equipment can be installed even in a narrow construction area. Therefore, for example, from the occurrence of soil such as construction-generated soil and dredged soil, it is possible to improve the soil and use the improved soil at the same construction site, and the fixed plant must be constructed at a remote location. The work efficiency has been dramatically improved compared to the conventional method.

The present invention is not limited to the earth and sand improvement apparatus 1 and the earth and sand improvement method of this embodiment. For example, the number of rotating shafts may be one, or more than two. However, the number and arrangement of the stirring blades mounted in the opposite direction may have various variations. In addition, the shape of the casing, the arrangement of the inlet and outlet, the mounting structure of the stirring blade,
The detailed configuration and method specifically shown, such as the type and timing of the material to be charged in the fluidization process and the weight reduction process, can be changed without departing from the gist of the invention.

According to the apparatus for improving soil and sand according to the first aspect, the residence time of the earth and sand in the casing is increased, and it is possible to exert a complicated and strong stirring and shearing action on the earth and sand. And
Conventionally, soil improvement treatment that has been performed by using a plurality of devices and performing a plurality of processes can be collectively and continuously performed. In addition, a two-stage
Part and the above-mentioned ordinary stirring blade sandwiched between the two-stage part
In the area consisting of
A shear acceleration zone for accelerating the shearing of sediment is formed.
The shear acceleration zone ensures that soil and sand are sheared.
It becomes possible.

According to the earth and sand improvement device of the second aspect,
It has two rotating shafts, and each stirring blade provided on these two shafts.
Arrange the roots so that they overlap each other when viewed in the sediment transport direction.
To further promote agitation and shearing of earth and sand
To further ensure the operation and effect of the invention of claim 1.
Can be.

According to the earth and sand improvement device of the third aspect,
Between the stirring blade of one rotating shaft and the stirring blade of the other rotating shaft.
Since the bending ratio is set to 0.4 or more, it is shown in the graph of FIG.
In this way, the agitation and shearing action of earth and sand can be significantly improved.
Can be.

According to the method for improving earth and sand described in claim 4,
In the upcoming earth and sand improvement method, multiple
Of the present invention,
Is used to disintegrate earth and sand, mix and mix with dilution water, and mix with improving materials.
Mixing and kneading can be performed continuously with the same device.
In this way, processing time and processing cost can be reduced
I can plan. Furthermore, the processing equipment is compact
Therefore, it is possible to make the processing equipment portable.
Equipment can be installed even in narrow construction areas
It will work. Therefore, for example, soil such as soil generated from construction or dredged soil
From the generation of sand, the improvement of earth and sand and the use of
Can be carried out at construction sites,
Compared to conventional construction methods that must be
As a result, work efficiency is dramatically improved.

[0064]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an overview of a soil and sand improving apparatus (paddle mixer) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view showing details of a rotary shaft and a paddle in the soil and sand improvement device of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2, showing a mounting structure of the stirring blade in the opposite direction.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line BB in FIG. 2 for explaining an overlap ratio (lap ratio) of the stirring blades.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a procedure of a soil and sand improvement method using the earth and sand improvement device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a chart showing changes in the particle size distribution configuration of soil before and after the treatment by the soil improvement device of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a chart showing a change in the granular soil distribution configuration of the soil before and after the granulation treatment by the soil improvement device of the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a flow of a conventionally performed earth and sand improvement method (fluidization treatment).

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Earth and sand improvement apparatus (paddle mixer) 2 Inlet 3 Outlet 4 Casing 8A, 8B Rotary shaft 12a ... Rotating blade (paddle) 12b ... Reverse rotating blade 14a ... Rotating blade 14b ... Reverse rotating blade 16a ... Rotating blade 16b ... reverse rotating blade 18a ... rotating blade 18b ... reverse rotating blade Z1 shearing promotion zone

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Teruo Sasaki 12-14-14 Kita 6 Jo Nishi, Chuo-ku, Sapporo City, Hokkaido Inside Fuji Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Satoshi Okazaki 12 Kita 6 Jo Nishi, Chuo-ku, Sapporo City, Hokkaido 14-14 Fuji Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tetsuo Tokunaga 12-14-14 Kita 6-Jo Nishi, Chuo-ku, Sapporo-city, Hokkaido Fuji Engineering Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-8-284203 (JP, A (57) 18081 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02D 3/12 E02F 7/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A casing having an inlet for charging earth and sand and an outlet for discharging earth and sand, a rotating shaft disposed in the casing and rotating in the casing, and a rotating shaft attached to the rotating shaft. And a plurality of stirring blades for stirring and shearing the earth and sand with the rotation of the earth and sand, wherein as the plurality of stirring blades, the earth and sand are discharged from the inlet side to the outlet side when the rotation shaft rotates. A normal stirring blade attached at an angle to send in the forward direction toward, and a reverse direction attached at an angle to send earth and sand in the reverse direction from the input port side to the discharge port side when the rotating shaft rotates. A plurality of agitating blades are provided from an inlet side of the casing.
If it is provided in multiple stages with a gap over the outlet side,
The stirring blades constituting the same stage are
One that is almost perpendicular to the direction of earth and sand transport toward the discharge port
It is provided so as to stir and shear the cross-section, and is composed of only the reverse-direction blade among the plurality of stages of stirring blades.
Stage sandwiches the stage composed of the normal stirring blades
, Wherein at least two or more stages are provided . 2. A rotating shaft having said stirring blade is provided at least.
Are also provided, and one of the stirring blades provided on one of the rotating shafts is provided.
Movement range and movement of the stirring blade provided on the other rotating shaft
The area is weighted in a sectional view substantially perpendicular to the earth and sand transport direction.
The earth and sand according to claim 1, wherein the earth and sand have a shape.
Improved equipment. 3. A cross-sectional view substantially perpendicular to the earth and sand transport direction.
The length of the line segment between the centers of the two rotation shafts and the center
The range of movement of the stirring blade of one rotating shaft and the others in the line segment
Overlap with the moving range of the stirring blade of the other rotating shaft
Claims characterized in that the ratio of the length to the overlap ratio is set to 0.4 or more.
Item 2. The soil improvement device according to Item 2. 4. The earth and sand improvement according to claim 1.
Improvement of earth and sand generated by construction work using good equipment
A method for improving the earth and sand , wherein the earth and sand are charged into the earth and sand improvement device, and the earth and sand are removed.
The improvement material to be improved is put into the soil improvement device, and the soil is improved by the soil improvement device having the inverted blades.
And by continuously mixing with the improving material,
A soil improvement method characterized by producing improved soil.