JP2983479B2 - Sediment improvement apparatus and soil improvement method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an earth and sand improvement apparatus used for improving and reusing earth and sand generated by construction work, and more particularly to an earth and sand improvement apparatus suitable for improving clayey earth and sand. It is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, in construction work, earth and sand are generated by excavation and the like. Of these earth and sand, good-quality earth and sand can be used as it is as various construction materials. However, depending on the quality and condition of the generated sediment, it may be difficult to use it as it is as construction material, and such sediment will be disposed of. Consideration of the surrounding environment is required, and such disposal of earth and sand is a major problem for construction workers.

[0003] Therefore, by adding various improving materials to earth and sand which are difficult to use as they are, and improving the earth and sand, the earth and sand have a certain strength, and the earth and sand have plasticity in a state where they can be easily transported. Therefore, it has been demanded from various directions to enhance the possibility of the effective use of the above-mentioned earth and sand. Various improvement methods and improvement devices for improving the earth and sand as described above have been developed, and effective use of the earth and sand has been achieved.

In addition, as described above, the addition of the improving material not only imparts strength and plasticity to the earth and sand, but also employs a granulation method in which extremely small-diameter earth and sand is granulated so that it can be used in the same manner as sand or gravel. A fluidization method has been developed to make the earth and sand more fluid and easy to cast, etc., and a lightweight method of reducing the specific gravity of the earth and sand by mixing foamed resin as an earth and sand improving material has been developed, as described above. The use of natural earth and sand is being expanded.

[0005]

By the way, clay-type earth and sand generated in the construction and civil engineering works, that is, small-sized particles, are compacted by depositing in the ground, and the particles are firmly adhered to each other and consolidated. The clay in the state
It is difficult to use the unmodified material as a construction material or the like. For example, it could only be used for landfilling in a relatively low load area such as the lower part of an embankment.

[0006] Also, when trying to improve the clay,
Since the clay is in a solidified state as described above, it may take a lot of trouble to add the improver and mix it evenly, for example, a soil improvement method for improving relatively soft soil such as conventional soft mud. It was difficult to improve with the device. Therefore, when improving clayey soil, without using a soil improvement device, for example, in the original site where the clay originally had, the improvement was made by digging up the clay while adding an improving material, It was mainly used in situ.

[0007] As described above, clay has a limited range of uses, and it is difficult to use clay. If clay is generated in large quantities, the clay must be disposed of, and the processing for that purpose is required. It was difficult to secure land. Also,
In the case of using in situ with the original clay as described above, the improvement process must be performed in the ground, and it is difficult to grasp the effect of the improvement. It was necessary to use improved materials, which increased the cost of construction.

[0008] In the case of in-situ improvement, it is difficult to mix the improver uniformly because the clay is solidified as described above. Even if a large amount of improver is used, the improvement effect is uniform. Rather, it was more likely to show variability. In addition, if the improved clay is used in situ and the improved clay is used in situ, the clay is improved at the construction site, for example, at a location where excavation is required. However, the construction cannot be performed at the construction site, and the construction efficiency is reduced. In-situ improvement is to add and mix an improving material while excavating clay on site as described above, and it is possible to add a solidifying material and perform a solidification treatment to increase strength. However, it has been difficult to cope with a method other than the solidification treatment, such as the above-mentioned granulation method, fluidization method, and weight reduction method.

[0009] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and uses a soil and sand improving apparatus capable of easily setting a consolidated clay into a state capable of being homogeneously mixed with an improving material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for improving sedimentation.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for improving earth and sand, comprising: an inlet for introducing earth and sand;
And a casing having a discharge port for
It is placed and knead
And a screw for feeding to the discharge port side.
A clew extends in the casing and is rotatable.
Along the axis and along the axis at a distance from the axis
A band-shaped spiral band extending in the shape of an il
Extends almost radially while shifting the position in the axial direction toward
And a number of support pieces for supporting the spiral band on the shaft
The spiral band is bent at the end of the spiral band of the screw on the discharge port side of the casing such that the winding direction of the spiral band is opposite between the distal end side and the distal end side of the spiral band. Is a means for solving the above problem.

According to the above construction, the side edge of the screw is
The left and right side edges of the helical band as the part that acts as an edge
And the left and right side edges of many support pieces.
Only the outer edge like the screw of the
Acts as an edge compared to what acts as an edge
Kneading clay efficiently in a short period of time
Can be. The screw has no ribbon
A number of blades are provided discontinuously around the crown and the shaft.
There are some such
S Clew has many parts that act as edges.

In the above screw, a helical band and
There is a gap between the axis and the soil that has entered this gap.
The sand may be forced into the gap, for example.
Or it is pushed out of the above interval
Sediment that moves in a complicated manner and enters the above interval
Can be hit or cut in the rotational direction by the support
In a state where the clay is even better mixed
Becomes

[0013] The clay particles are not necessarily agglomerated.
It has a shape like a flat plate with directionality.
In a state where it is deposited in the ground and compacted,
The direction of each directional particle is almost aligned
This makes it quite hard, but
If you knead it and make the direction of each particle separate,
Clay is known to be in a soft state, where
Demulsifies that the consolidated clay is mixed and softened
Called. And, as described above, the soil improvement device of the present invention
In, you can knead the clay efficiently
In this way, the solidified clay can be efficiently deflocculated in a short period of time.
Wear.

The earth and sand conveyed by the screw from the distal end to the distal end of the screw is bent at the distal end of the screw so that the winding directions are opposite at the distal end and the distal end of the spiral band. At the same time as being scraped by the part, the earth and sand will be pushed in the direction opposite to the screw conveyance direction, and when the earth and sand transported from the tip side of the screw to the terminal side is returned to the tip side again and circulated, the screw The soil can be reliably scraped off and extruded at the end of the, and the earth and sand can be circulated.

For example, closing the discharge port of the casing,
In the case where the discharge amount from the discharge port is regulated, at least a part of the earth and sand conveyed from the leading end side of the screw to the distal end side in the casing loses the place where the screw goes, and the part where the distance between the screw and the casing is wide is wide Will be moved in the direction opposite to the transport direction, and will circulate in the casing, but at the distal end of the screw, the winding direction of the spiral band is reversed at the distal end side and the terminal side of the spiral band as described above. When the spiral band is bent, soil and sand are scraped off at the bent part, and at the part where the winding direction is reversed, the transport direction is reversed. Will push in the direction.

The thickness and length of the shaft and the width and thickness of the spiral band
Helical spacing, spiral diameter, number of support pieces, width and thickness, screen
The rotation speed of the Liu is not particularly limited,
It may be changed based on the quality and condition of the clay.
Also, the shape of the casing and the arrangement inside the casing
The number of screws is not particularly limited, either.
Place multiple screws in the
What determines the shape of the casing based on the arrangement of the crown
As good, but with the inner surface of the casing under the screw
If there is a large gap between the screw and the
Since the earth and sand will not be stirred at the bottom, screw
On the lower side between the screw and the inner surface of the casing
It is preferable that the shape be such that there is no large interval. Ma
When using multiple screws, each screw
Direction of rotation, winding direction of spiral band of each screw,
Screw placement direction, earth and sand transport direction by each screw
It is not necessary to make all directions such as
In addition, the above various directions can be determined for each screw.
Wear. Also, arrange multiple screws in parallel on the left and right
It can be a thing or a line up and down.
In addition, it is assumed that multiple screws are arranged vertically and horizontally
Is also good.

Further, in the earth and sand improvement device, once the soil
After sand is injected and agitated by screw, earth and sand are discharged
The operation may be performed in a batch type,
It is good also as what carries out sand continuously. Also, earth and sand
When performing continuous loading and unloading of sediment,
Circulates in the casing and stays
Preferably, the sand is well agitated.

[0018] In addition, as described above,
When operating in the formula, for example, multiple soil improvement devices
They are operated in parallel, and one of the soil improvement devices
After the sediment has been removed,
Knead the earth and sand.
After the unloading of the soil has been completed,
Injecting sand and kneading earth and sand,
Finish kneading the earth and sand in the good equipment and carry out the earth and sand
Assuming that each soil improvement device operates in batch
Alternatively, the carrying out of the earth and sand may be performed continuously.

Further, in the above-mentioned earth and sand improvement device,
By rotating the crown, the earth and sand are stirred as described above.
・ When kneaded and solidified clay is introduced
In this earth and sand improvement device
Added further improver to the clay thus de-pulverized.
It is good to go from mud mud to soil improvement
Ishi, take out the disintegrated earth and sand and send it to other soil improvement equipment
, Add and mix improver to de-soiled soil
It is good. In other words, this earth and sand improvement device
It can be used as a device to add and mix good materials,
As a pre-treatment for addition and mixing of clay, only deagglomeration of consolidated clay
May be performed. In addition, as the improving material,
When increasing the strength or granulating of cement, use cement-based
When a molecular solidification material is used and the soil is fluidized
, Water, a solidifying material, or the like is used. In addition, lightweight earth and sand
If you want to use a lightweight material such as foam beads or foam
Used. In addition, these improved materials are mixed and used.
There may be cases.

Further, in this soil and sand improvement apparatus,
Crushed clay is relatively soft because it has been softened.
Conventional soil improvement equipment that can mix good materials homogeneously
In addition, it is possible to improve
It is also possible to perform processing such as fluidization and weight reduction.
You. Needless to say, with this earth and sand improvement device,
If it is possible to stir and knead the soil other than the tied clay
In both cases, improver is mixed with soil other than consolidated clay Ruko
Can also be.

The earth and sand improvement device according to claim 2 of the present invention is
There is an input port for charging earth and sand and a discharge port for discharging
And a casing disposed in the casing, and
Knead the injected earth and sand and send it to the discharge port side
And a screw.
A shaft extending into the shing and rotatable; and
Extend in a coil along this axis with an interval
A belt-like spiral band and an axial direction from the above-mentioned axis toward the spiral band
Extend almost radially while shifting the position, and
A plurality of support pieces for supporting the belt on the shaft, the casing is formed so as to surround the screw, a space is formed on the upper side of the screw in the casing, and the The solution to the above-mentioned problem is provided with a pressing plate on the end side to prevent the earth and sand from being pushed upward along the inner surface of the casing.

According to the above configuration, since the space is formed on the upper side of the screw of the casing, at least a part of the earth and sand conveyed from the distal end to the distal end of the screw is removed from the inner surface of the casing on the distal end of the screw. There is a possibility of moving to the space side along. In this case, the earth and sand may adhere to the inner surface of the casing, and the stirred earth and sand may accumulate without being carried out of the casing.

Therefore, by providing the above-mentioned holding plate,
While it is possible to prevent earth and sand from moving above the holding plate, the earth and sand moving upward can be pushed back by the holding plate, and the earth and sand can be returned to the lower screw side,
It is possible to prevent earth and sand from staying in the casing. In addition, the above-mentioned space communicates with these inlets when the earth and sand and the improving material are injected from above the earth and sand improvement device, and also serves as a buffer when the amount of the earth and sand to the earth and sand improvement device is large. And a space for circulating the earth and sand when at least a part of the earth and sand is repeatedly stirred by the screw in the earth and sand improvement device.

The earth and sand improvement device according to claim 3 of the present invention is
There is an input port for charging earth and sand and a discharge port for discharging
And a casing disposed in the casing, and
Knead the injected earth and sand and send it to the discharge port side
And a screw.
A shaft extending into the shing and rotatable; and
Extend in a coil along this axis with an interval
A belt-like spiral band and an axial direction from the above-mentioned axis toward the spiral band
Extend almost radially while shifting the position, and
A plurality of supporting pieces for supporting the belt on the shaft,
Addition of soil improvement material to add soil improvement material in the thing
Means are provided, and a shielding plate is provided in the casing to restrict earth and sand from passing through the outside of the screw and moving to the discharge port side. The addition of an earth and sand improving material to the outlet side is a means for solving the above problem.

According to the above configuration, the earth and sand improvement device
In addition to demudifying the consolidated clay,
Add and mix the improver to the soil and make improvements corresponding to the improver
It can be carried out. In other words, this soil and sand improvement device
For example, the treatment of both the deflocculation and the
The cost can be reduced because it can be performed by the device.
Can be.

Further, the shielding plate allows the earth and sand put in the casing to be efficiently sent to the screw, and the mud can be reliably removed by stirring the screw.
That is, when there is no shielding plate, the earth and sand (undigested mud) put into the casing crosses the outside of the screw,
There may be an inefficient state in which the screw moves to the discharge port side without receiving much stirring of the screw, but such an inefficient state is improved. In addition, the shield plate prevents the earth and sand from moving at a stroke to the discharge side across the outside of the screw, so that the amount of movement of the earth and sand on the discharge port side from the shield plate does not greatly change. In addition, the amount of earth and sand movement can be kept almost constant. In addition, according to the earth and sand improvement device, since the earth and sand improvement material is added at the discharge port side from the shielding plate,
The soil improvement material can be added to the pulverized soil in an even ratio. In other words, if the inlet side of the shielding plate is regarded as a mud-removing unit for demudging the earth and sand, and the discharge port side of the shielding plate is regarded as a mixing unit for mixing the sediment-improving material, the mud-removing unit can efficiently dissolve the mud. It is possible to mix the earth and sand improving material at a uniform ratio in the mixing section, and it is possible to further improve the soil and sand improvement efficiency.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a soil and sand improving apparatus.
The screws in the casing are slightly parallel to each other.
At least two are arranged and two adjacent
The winding direction of the coiled spiral band of the screw is reversed
The direction of rotation of two formed and adjacent screws
Are the solutions to the above problem.
Was.

According to the above configuration, two adjacent screens are formed.
Reverse the winding direction of the menu and the rotation direction.
Transport of clay by two adjacent screws
In the same direction, for example,
Clay located between the-, by the adjacent screw,
Lifted up or pushed down
After that, the clay divided into right and left
Pushed down on both sides of the mating screw
Or lifted up, and again
It will be returned during Clew and will be combined, one
More complicated than when stirring with a screw
It is stirred and the earth and sand can be kneaded efficiently.

[0029] The earth and sand improving apparatus according to claim 5 of the present invention comprises:
The screws in the casing are slightly parallel to each other.
At least two or more
So that the spiral bands of the two screws partially overlap
The axes of the two mating screws are located close to each other
That is the solution to the above problem. With the above configuration
Then, the clay located between the adjacent screws will
Next to front and back Sandwiched between spiral bands of screw
State and forces are applied simultaneously from both screws
So, for example, the spiral
Both screws do not rotate with the belt
-Clay is reliably stirred and kneaded by the action of
become.

[0030] The earth and sand improving apparatus according to claim 6 of the present invention comprises:
From the inside of the casing to the outlet of the casing,
A screw feeder for taking out earth and sand outside the shing
What is provided is a means for solving the above problem. the above
According to the configuration, the sediment mixed and kneaded in the casing is
Efficient unloading with screw feeder
In addition, adjust the rotation speed of the screw feeder
Can control the amount of sediment carried out.
Easily adjust the amount of sediment that stays and circulates in the sink
can do. In other words, depending on the soil quality and condition
And adjust the rotation speed of the screw feeder.
Thus, the state of stirring and kneading of the earth and sand can be controlled.

[0031] The method for improving earth and sand according to claim 7 of the present invention comprises:
A method for improving consolidated clay using the earth and sand improvement device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the clayey earth and sand generated by construction and civil engineering work is charged into the earth and sand improvement device, The above-mentioned means for solving the above-mentioned problem is to crush the above-mentioned earth and sand by the above-mentioned earth and sand improvement apparatus, add an improving material to the crushed earth and sand, stir and carry out the improved earth and sand. According to the configuration, it is possible to obtain the same operation and effects as those of the soil and sand improvement device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , and it is not an improvement at the original position where the clay is deposited, but a temporary operation. Since the clay is excavated and put into the soil improvement equipment, for example, if the clay is excavated at the beginning of the construction, the required amount of the improved clay is required when the construction requires the improved clay. Clay can be supplied, and construction efficiency can be improved. Further, the improved clay can be supplied to a construction site different from the construction site where the clay has been generated. In addition, in this earth and sand improvement device, it is good also as what carries out both addition and mixing of the sludge and the improvement material,
In this earth and sand improvement device, only demudging shall be performed,
Processing such as addition and mixing of the improving material may be performed by another known apparatus.

[0032] The method for improving earth and sand according to claim 8 of the present invention comprises:
A method for improving consolidated clay using the earth and sand improvement device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , and a paddle mixer provided on a discharge port side of the earth and sand improvement device,
The clay-based earth and sand generated by the construction and civil engineering work is put into the earth and sand improvement device, and the earth and sand improvement device is agitated by the earth and sand improvement device to demulsify the earth and sand. Either carry in the earth and sand from the discharge port of the paddle mixer, or add the improver to the earth and sand after carrying the earth and sand into the paddle mixer from the discharge port of the earth and sand improvement device, the improver was added The soil and sand were agitated by the above-mentioned paddle mixer to improve the structure. According to the configuration, it is possible to obtain the same operation and effect as the soil and sand improvement device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , and to add a modifier to the pulverized soil and add a paddle mixer. By further stirring, the improvement of the earth and sand can be further advanced, and the improved earth and sand excellent in workability can be continuously supplied. For example, if a solidifying material is used as an improving material to granulate the consolidated clay, the consolidated clay can be efficiently de-mulled, and the granulated soil with excellent workability and storage characteristics can be added to the clay. Can be supplied continuously. Therefore, by excavating the clay at the beginning of the construction and treating the clay by the method for improving the earth and sand, the necessary amount of the granulated earth and sand is required when the construction requires the earth and sand. And the granulated earth and sand can be supplied to a construction site different from the construction site where the clay is generated. In addition, if an appropriate amount of water and solidifying material is used as an improving material, it is possible to continuously generate fluidized earth and sand from the consolidated clay, and if the lightweighting material and the solidifying material are used as the improving material, the weight can be reduced. It is possible to continuously produce the soil and soil.

[0033]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, an earth and sand improvement apparatus and an earth and sand improvement method according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 show a soil improvement device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the soil and sand improving apparatus according to the first embodiment includes a casing 1, two screws 10 and 10 arranged in the casing 1 in parallel with each other, and a casing 1. Screw feeder 20 for unloading improved clay
And an improving material hopper 30 (shown in FIG. 3) for adding the improving material into the casing 1. Furthermore, in the casing 1, the earth and sand is filled with the screws 10,
A partition wall 52 (shown in FIG. 3) is provided as a shielding plate that restricts movement of the screws 10 and 10 to the end side (the left side in FIG. 3) of the screws 10 and 10.

The casing 1 is, as shown in FIG.
It comprises a bottom part 2 and a housing part 5 provided integrally with the bottom part 2 on the bottom part 2. The bottom portion 2 is provided with two arc-shaped convex portions 3, 3 which are convex downwards along the outer peripheral surfaces of the two screws 10, 10 arranged side by side. As shown in FIG. 3, a position corresponding to the distal end side of the screws 10 and 10 (left side of the bottom 2 in FIG. 3)
The opening 4 to which the screw feeder 20 is connected is formed. In addition, in the opening 4 of the bottom 2, a cylindrical tubular portion 2 serving as a casing of the screw feeder 20 is provided.
1 is connected, and the casing 1 and the cylindrical portion 21 are in communication with each other through the opening 4 in the bottom 2.

The casing 1 and the cylindrical portion 21 are
The discharge port 22 of the cylindrical portion 21 shown in FIG.
It is the discharge port 22 of the casing 1. The above housing 5
Is a rectangular cylindrical housing, and the long side of the housing 5 and the axial direction of the screws 10 and 10 are parallel to each other.
The housing 5 has an upper part that is open as shown in FIG. 2 and a lower part that is closed by the bottom part 2 as shown in FIG. The upper opening of the housing 5 is an input port 6 for inputting clay.

When the earth and sand are charged into the charging port 6, the tip side of the screw 10 (in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3,
It is necessary to put earth and sand into the housing 5 (on the right side of the housing 5), and only the tip side of the screw 10 at the upper part of the housing 5 may be opened as the inlet 6. Further, the opening 6 may be provided with an opening / closing member for opening and closing the opening 6. The housing 5 is formed to be higher than the diameter of the screws 10, 10 so that a space is formed on the screws 10, 10 in the housing 5.

As shown in FIG. 3, the ends of the screws 10 and 10 of the housing 5 (the left side of the housing 5 in FIG. 3).
A holding plate 7 is provided above. The holding plate 7
Are arranged obliquely so that the lower surface thereof becomes higher from the distal end to the distal end of the screws 10, 10.
When the clay which has been conveyed while being stirred and kneaded to the end of the casing moves upward along the inner surface of the casing 1, the clay is returned to the screw 10, 10 side (toward the tip side of the screw 10, 10 diagonally downward). It has become.

The screws 10, 10 are arranged side by side in the casing 1 so as to be parallel to each other.
It is rotatable. The screw 10 has a shaft 11 rotatable as a rotation shaft, and a band-shaped spiral extending around the shaft 11 in a coil shape along the direction of the shaft 11 at a distance from the shaft 11. A belt 12 and a plurality of support pieces 13 extending substantially radially from the shaft 11 toward the spiral band 12 while being displaced in the axial direction, and supporting the spiral band 12 on the shaft 11. .

The shafts 11, 11 extend from one end to the other end of the casing 1 and extend from the one end to the outside of the casing 1, so that the two shafts 11, 11 are interlocked. Is connected to a gear mechanism 15 (shown in a state of being built in a gear box). Further, bearings (not shown) are provided at one end and the other end of the casing 1 so as to rotatably support the shafts 11 and 11. Further, a gear mechanism 15 provided on one end side of the shafts 11 and 11 is connected to a motor 16 with a variable speed reducer,
The shaft 11 is driven to rotate by the motor 16. In addition, the two shafts 11 are configured to be rotated in directions opposite to each other. In this example, as shown by an arrow in FIG. 1, the right shaft of the two shafts 11 rotates counterclockwise. It rotates so that the left axis rotates clockwise.

The helical bands 12, 12 are formed in a coil shape with the shafts 11, 11 substantially at the center.
It is formed so as to extend along the axis while orbiting around the circumferences 1 and 11. And the shaft 11, 11 and the spiral band 1
2 and 12 are spaced apart from each other, and the shafts 11 and 11 and the spiral bands 12 and 12 are supported by the support pieces 13.
And are connected.

In the two screws 10, 10, the winding directions of the spiral bands 12, 12 are reversed, and in FIG.
2 is such that the spiral band 12 turns from the tip side to the terminal side as it turns clockwise, and the spiral band 12 of the left screw turns from the tip side to the terminal side as it turns counterclockwise. It has become. By rotating the two screws 10 and 10 in the rotation direction described above, the spiral bands 12 and 12 convey the clay from the distal ends of the screws 10 and 10 to the distal ends.

The two screws 10, 10
Are arranged close to each other, and as shown in FIG. 1, a part of the helical band 12, 12 has two screws 10,
10 overlap each other. That is, the distance between the axes of the two screws 10, 10 is shorter than the diameter (of the screw) of the coil composed of the spiral band 12, and at the position between the two shafts 11, 11, The spiral band 12 and the other spiral band 12 are alternately arranged.

In the two screws 10, 10, the helical bands 12, 12 are arranged so as not to interfere with each other. As shown in FIG. 2, the spiral bands 12 are bent at the distal ends of the spiral bands 12, 12 such that the winding direction of the spiral bands 12 is opposite between the distal end side and the distal end side of the screw 10. The bent portions 14 are formed. In other words, at the distal end portions of the spiral bands 12, 12, the winding direction of the spiral band 12 is reversed between the distal end side and the distal end side of the screw 10 with the bent portions 14, 14 as boundaries. The supporting pieces 13 are arranged at substantially equal intervals on the shafts 11 along the spiral bands 12.

The screw feeder 20 is a well-known screw feeder. As shown in FIG.
Ordinary fins 2 provided continuously in a spiral around the periphery of 3
4 having a screw 25. Needless to say, the fins 24 are directly joined to the rotating shaft 23. Also, screw 2
5 is arranged inside the cylindrical portion 21 along the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 21.

The screw 25 is connected to a motor 27 with a variable speed reducer via a chain 26 as shown in FIG. 1, and is driven to rotate by the motor 27. The screw feeder 20 conveys the clay that has dropped downward from the opening 4 in the bottom 2 of the casing 1 to the discharge port 22 and discharges the clay from the discharge port 22. Also, the discharge port 2 of the screw feeder 20
2, a belt conveyor 28 is arranged to convey the clay discharged from the discharge port 22.

As shown in FIG. 3, the improving material hopper 30 is disposed above the casing 1 above the distal ends of the screws 10 and 10 and is joined to the casing 1.
The improvement material can be introduced from the charging port 6 of the casing 1 and serves as an improvement material addition means. In addition,
The improving material hopper 30 is provided with a valve (not shown), so that the feeding and non-feeding of the improving material hopper 30 can be adjusted, and the amount per hour can be adjusted.

Next, a method for improving earth and sand using the above-described earth and sand improvement apparatus will be described. First, the clay produced by the construction works is transported to a soil improvement device. The earth and sand improvement device may be disposed near a construction site where clay is generated. Then, the two screws 10, 1
0 is rotated as described above, and the conveyed clay is removed from the casing 1 by a heavy machine (not shown) such as a backhoe.
It is charged into the casing 1 from the upper charging port 6.

The method of supplying the clay into the casing 1 is not limited to this, and a hopper or various conveyors may be used. However, the hardened clay is difficult to handle. The use of a backhoe makes it easier to put clay. In addition, when considering the automatic control of the operation by the soil improvement device, it is preferable to measure the weight, specific gravity, and water content of the clay fed into the soil improvement device, and in measuring the weight, the backhoe is used to measure the weight. It is preferable that the clay is not put directly into the casing 1 but put into the measuring device (not shown), and the clay is put into the casing 1 from the measuring device.

Further, regarding the specific gravity and the water content, since there are known non-contact type sensors, it is possible to measure by providing these sensors in the casing 1. In addition, the amount of earth or sand charged to the soil improvement device or the amount of input per hour, the rotation speed of the two screws 10 and 10, the rotation speed of the screw feeder 20 (the amount of clay discharged), and the addition of the soil improvement material per hour The optimum value of the control item such as the amount is determined in advance by performing a test using the clay to be improved.

When automatically controlling each of the above control items, a plurality of measurement items that can be automatically measured are changed in advance by changing factors that may affect the control items such as the amount of water in the clay. Is performed, and an optimum value of the control item is obtained for each different value of each measurement item to create a data table. And a memory for storing the created data table;
Using a control device (not shown) having a CPU (central processing unit) for performing arithmetic processing, an optimum value of each control item is obtained based on the measured value of each measurement item. By controlling each control item, the soil improvement device can be automatically controlled.

The data table may change depending on the soil properties of the clay, and it is preferable to create a data table corresponding to a plurality of different soil properties in advance. Then, after the values of the respective control items are determined, the clay is charged while the screws 10 and 10 are rotated as described above. When the soil is improved in a batch system, the screw feeder 20 is stopped when the clay is charged, and the screw feeder 20 is operated when the soil is improved. When the soil is continuously improved, the screw feeder is basically kept rotating.

Further, even when soil is continuously improved, when the clay is initially charged into the casing 1, the screw feeder 20 may be stopped until the state of the clay in the casing 1 is reduced. . Then, the clay put into the casing 1 is screwed by the screws 10, 10.
While being stirred and kneaded, the screw 10 is conveyed from the leading end to the trailing end.

At this time, the screws 10, 10
Has a spiral band 12, which acts as an edge,
Since there are left and right side edges of 12 and left and right side edges of a large number of support pieces and many portions acting as edges, clay can be efficiently stirred and kneaded. Furthermore, spiral band 1
There is a space between the shafts 2 and 12 and the shafts 11 and 11, and the clay that has entered the space is in a state where it is pushed into the space and then in a state where it is pushed out, and is efficiently stirred.
While being kneaded, the clay which has entered the above-mentioned interval is beaten or cut by the rotating support pieces 13... And is further efficiently stirred and kneaded.

Further, since the two screws 10, 10 are rotated in a state where the winding directions of the spiral bands 12, 12 are opposite to each other, for example, as shown by an arrow in FIG. When 10 rotates, the clay is screwed on the left and right inner surfaces of casing 1.
The clay was conveyed between the two screws by the rotation of 0 and 10, and the clay sent from the left and right inner surfaces of the casing 1 was separated from the two screws 1.
It will be united between 0 and 10. And
The clay transported between the two screws 10, 10 is:
It is pressed downward and is separated into right and left again, so that the clay is efficiently stirred and kneaded.

Further, the two screws 10, 10 are:
A part of the helical bands 12, 12 has two screws 1
The clay located between the two screws 10 and 10 is disposed close to each other so as to overlap between 0 and 10 so that the helical band 12 of the two screws 10 and 10 is located before and after the clay. 12, the forces of the helical bands 12, 12 of the two screws 10, 10 act on the clay at the same time, and the helical band is not kneaded while the clay remains attached to one of the helical bands 12. Clay can be surely stirred and kneaded by the action of both screws 10 and 10 without rotating with 12.

In the state where the screw feeder 20 is stopped or the rotation speed of the screw feeder 20 is limited so that a part of the clay in the casing 1 stays, the clay conveyed to the ends of the screws 10 and 10 At least a portion of the clay is scraped upward by screws 10 and 10,
The clay falls slightly to the tip side from the ends of 0 and 10, and the clay is again conveyed to the end by the screws 10 and 10, and at least a part of the clay is re-stirred, and the clay is surely stirred and kneaded. Will be done. At this time, the screws 10, 10, 10 are attached to the holding plate 7 arranged in the casing 1.
The clay which has been conveyed to the end and which has been lifted upward by the screw hits the screw 10 and 10 reliably.
It can be dropped a little to the tip side from the end of 10.

At the ends of the spiral bands 12, 12, the screws 10 are bounded by the bent portions 14, 14.
Since the winding direction of the helical band 12 is opposite between the leading end side and the end side, the earth and sand can be surely scraped up by the bent portions 14, 14, and the winding direction of the helical band 12, 12 is reversed. Screw 1
The clay can be pressed to the tip sides of the screws 10 and 10, and the clay can be reliably returned to the tip sides of the screws 10 and 10.

From the above, it is possible to reliably return at least a part of the clay from the distal end to the distal end of the screws 10 and 10 and to reliably circulate the clay in the casing 1, so that the clay is reliably stirred. -Can be kneaded.
Therefore, since the clay can be efficiently stirred and kneaded efficiently, the solidified clay can be efficiently demulsified in a short period of time.

In the earth and sand improving apparatus, various improving materials can be added to the clay in the casing 1 from the earth and sand hopper 30, and the clay can be efficiently and reliably stirred and kneaded as described above. So you can
The modifier can be homogeneously mixed with the clay. In addition, when various improving materials are added from the earth and sand hopper 30, as shown in FIG. The half on the terminal side of the screws 10 and 10 can be regarded as an improved portion b by the improving material. It can be considered that the modifier is added and the modifier is homogeneously mixed into the clay. That is, after the clay is demulled by the earth and sand improving device, the homogenizing material is homogeneously mixed.

It is considered that an additive is added to the clay which has been pulverized to a certain extent in the pulverizing section a, and the additive is added in the improving section b to further advance the pulverizing and mix the improving material in the improving section. May be. In addition, in order to uniformly mix the improving material into the clay with the soil improvement device, it is preferable to operate the soil improvement device in a batch manner. However, by adjusting the diameter and length of the screws 10 and 10, Even if the improvement is made continuously, it is possible to homogeneously mix the improver into the clay.

In the soil and sand improvement apparatus, only the clay is pulverized, and the clay which has been pulverized to enable the homogeneous mixing of the improvement material is added to the clay using another apparatus. Mixing may be performed. And the clay improved as described above, unlike the clay before the improvement, can add various characteristics by the improvement, so the range of use as a construction material is expanded, and it is used at various construction sites. be able to. Thus, the improved clay can be used outside of the construction site where the clay occurred. Also,
Because the improvement is made not with the original site where the clay was deposited, but with the soil improvement equipment, the improvement of the soil did not delay the construction at the place where the clay was deposited, so excavating the clay first Once done, the clay improvement and construction can be done in parallel. The configuration and operation of the partition 52 are the same as those described in the second embodiment, and the details will be described in the following second embodiment. In addition, even if there is no partition wall 52 in the earth and sand improvement device, the clay can be demulsified and the improving material can be mixed.

Next, a description will be given of a soil and sand improvement apparatus and a soil and sand improvement method according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a soil improvement system including a soil improvement device 50 according to the second embodiment. In the soil improvement device of the second embodiment, the same components as those of the soil improvement device of the first embodiment shown in FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 4, this soil improvement system includes a soil improvement device 50 according to the second embodiment, and a paddle mixer 70 for further improving the soil by further stirring the soil added with the improving material. And a belt conveyor 80 for carrying out the improved earth and sand. The earth and sand improvement device 50 has a casing 51, a partition wall 52 as a shielding plate, two screws 10, 10, a screw feeder 20, and an improving material hopper 60.

The casing 51 comprises a bottom 2 and a housing 55 provided integrally with the bottom 2 on the bottom 2, and the upper surface of the housing 55 corresponds to the tip of the screws 10, 10. At a position (right side of the upper surface in FIG. 4), an inlet 56 for charging earth and sand is provided, and the rear side of the partition 52 (left side of the upper surface in FIG. 4) and the vicinity of the partition 52 are improved. Material inlet 57 for adding material
Is provided.

In order to divide the space above the screws 10, 10 into two chambers, the partition wall 52 is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the screws 10, 10 and from one side of the housing 55 to the other side. It is provided in a state that spans the section. The partition wall 52 is installed so as to be movable in the vertical direction and the front-rear direction (right and left directions in FIG. 4) and fixed at an arbitrary position, and can be adjusted in the vertical direction and the front-rear direction. The partition 51 divides the inside of the casing 51 into two chambers, and forms a mud-removing section A, which is one chamber on the front end side of the partition 52, and a mixing section B, which is one chamber on the rear end side.

The improved material hopper 60 is
1 is arranged above the upper end of the upper screw 10, 10 in a state of being joined to the casing 51, so that the improving material can be introduced from the improving material introduction port 57,
It is a means for adding an improving material. This improved material hopper 60
By using an improvement material feeder 62 provided inside, the introduction and non-introduction of the improvement material can be adjusted, and the amount of introduction per hour can be adjusted.

Next, a method for improving the earth and sand using the above-described earth and sand improvement system will be described. First, before pouring the clay, the vertical position and the front-back position of the partition wall 52 are adjusted in advance. This adjustment depends on the properties and amount of the clay to be charged into the soil improvement device 50 and the rotation speed of the screws 10 and 10. The optimum position is determined by conducting a test in advance under conditions of possible soil improvement. Other settings are first
This is the same as that shown in the embodiment.

In this state, the clay produced by the civil engineering work is put into the casing 51 from the inlet 56 in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The injected clay is screw 1
According to 0 and 10, the screw 10 is agitated and kneaded, and is conveyed from the leading end to the trailing end of the screw 10. At this time, even if a large amount of clay is put into the casing 51 or the clay is put in vigorously, the put clay is passed through the space above the screws 10 and 10 by the partition walls 52 arranged in the casing 51. And screw 10,
The movement to the rear end of the screw 10 is restricted, and the screw 10 is efficiently sent to the screws 10.

For example, if the clay loaded in the space above the screws 10 and 10 tries to move toward the rear end due to a large amount of clay input, these clays hit the partition wall 52 and are dammed. The clay thus obtained is sent to the lower side of the partition wall 52, and is stirred and kneaded by the screws 10, 10 to be demulsified. In other words, in the mud-removal part A on the tip side of the screws 10 and 10 formed by being blocked by the partition walls 52, the clay is reliably removed from the screws 10 and 1
The clay is sent to 0 and demulsified to make a clay capable of uniform mixing of the improver.

The clay which has passed through the lower part of the partition 52 is
At the same height as the lower end of the screws 10, 10 to the rear end side. That is, the screws 10, 1
On the rear end side of 0, the movement amount of the clay becomes almost constant. In consideration of the fact that the clay is fried and piled up at the ends of the screws 10 and 10, the movement amount of the clay is particularly kept constant near the rear of the partition wall 52.

Then, in the vicinity of the rear of the partition wall 52, the improving material is supplied by the improving material hopper 60, and is stirred and kneaded by the screws 10 and 10, and the improved material and the pulverized clay are mixed. Since the improving material hopper introduces the improving material at the place where the variation of the movement amount of the clay is the least, the mixing ratio between the clay and the improving material can be made uniform. In other words, in the mixing section B on the rear end side of the screws 10 and 10 formed by being blocked by the partition walls 52, the improving material is uniformly mixed with the pulverized clay and the clay can be surely improved. .

Thereafter, the clay is improved by stirring and kneading with the screws 10 and 10, and the improved clay is sent to the screw feeder 20 and discharged from the discharge port 22. The clay discharged from the discharge port 22 is supplied to the paddle mixer 7.
0, and further agitated by the paddle mixer 70 to proceed with the improvement. The clay that has been surely improved by the paddle mixer is supplied to the discharge port 72 of the paddle mixer 70.
And is carried out by the belt conveyor 80.

As described above, according to the earth and sand improving apparatus 50 and the earth and sand improving method of the second embodiment, in addition to the effects of the earth and sand improving apparatus and the earth and sand improving method shown in the first embodiment, By the action of the partition wall 52 provided in the inside 51, as described above, it is possible to surely perform the uniform demulsification and the uniform mixing of the improving material, and to improve the improvement efficiency of the clay.

Further, the clay in which the improving material is uniformly mixed can be further agitated by the paddle mixer 70 to further improve the clay. For example, if a solidifying material is used as the improving material, the workability and the storage property are excellent. Granulated earth and sand can be continuously produced from the input of consolidated clay, and if an appropriate amount of water and solidified material is used as an improving material, the soil and fluidized from the consolidated clay can be continuously produced. In addition, if a lightening material and a solidifying material are used as the improving material, it is possible to continuously produce lightened earth and sand. Therefore, by excavating the clay at the beginning of the construction and treating the clay with the method for improving the earth and sand, the work requires the use of granulated earth, fluidized earth or lighter earth. When this happens, the improved earth and sand can be supplied in a required amount, and the improved earth and sand can be supplied to a construction site different from the construction site where the clay is generated.

In this embodiment, the improving material is mixed inside the soil improvement device 50. However, only the mud is decomposed in the soil improvement device 50, and the improving material is supplied by the paddle mixer 70. Mixing and stirring can also improve the earth and sand.

[0076]

According to the apparatus for improving soil and sand according to the first aspect of the present invention, the portion acting as the edge of the screw is provided.
The left and right side edges of the spiral band and the left and right side edges of a large number of support pieces
There are many parts that act as edges,
It is possible to mix clay efficiently. In addition,
In Clew, there is a gap between the spiral band and the axis,
The sediment that has entered the part of this space
Forcefully pressed into the
It is in a state where it is released and makes complicated movements
In addition, the sediment that has entered the above interval is
In the direction of being beaten or cut,
A more well-kneaded state results. And the above
As you can knead the clay efficiently,
It is possible to efficiently disintegrate the consolidated clay in a short period of time
You. Further, by the screw, the clay conveyed from the tip side to the end side of the screw is scraped off at a portion bent so that the winding direction of the spiral band at the end of the screw is reversed, and the spiral is formed. In the part where the winding direction of the band is reversed, the clay will be pushed in the opposite direction to the screw transport direction, and when the clay transported from the tip side of the screw to the terminal side is returned to the tip side and circulated, ,
The clay can be reliably scraped off and pushed back at the end of the screw, and the clay can be reliably circulated, so that the solidified clay can be reliably disintegrated.

According to the earth and sand improving apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, by providing the above-mentioned holding plate, the above-mentioned holding plate pushes back the earth and sand which is going to move upward on the inner surface of the casing at the end of the screw to the screw side. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the earth and sand from staying in the earth and sand improvement device, and to enhance the efficiency of stirring and kneading the earth and sand.

According to the apparatus for improving soil and sand according to the third aspect of the present invention , the solidified clay is demulsified by the apparatus for improving soil and sand.
Not only is it possible to improve the clay by adding
Mixing the improver homogeneously with the muddy clay, the type of improver
Can be improved. That is, this soil
According to the sand improvement equipment, both the de-thawing and the addition and mixing of
Process can be performed by one device, which reduces costs
Can be reduced. In addition, the shielding plate in the casing allows soil and sand to be efficiently sent to the screw, and the screw can be agitated to reliably perform the mud-removal. Also, the shielding plate can keep the amount of movement of the earth and sand on the discharge port side from the shielding plate almost constant, and the earth and sand improving material is added on the discharge port side from the shielding plate, so that the earth and sand improving material is evenly distributed. Can be added to the muddy soil. Therefore, the improvement efficiency of earth and sand can be improved.

According to the earth and sand improvement device of the fourth aspect of the present invention,
Then, two adjacent screws Reverse winding direction
In addition, by reversing the direction of rotation, two adjacent
The transfer direction of clay by screw will be the same
For example, clay located between adjacent screws
Is lifted up by adjacent screws
Or after being pushed down,
The clay divided into right and left
At the side, push down or hold up
Lifted up and returned again between adjacent screws
And stir with one screw
Soil is agitated more efficiently than in the case where
Sand can be kneaded, and consolidated clay can be efficiently used in a short time
It can be disintegrated well.

According to the earth and sand improving apparatus of the fifth aspect of the present invention,
Then, the clay located between the adjacent screws will
The front and rear were sandwiched between the spiral bands of adjacent screws respectively
State and forces are applied simultaneously from both screws
So, for example, the spiral
Both screws do not rotate with the belt
The kneading is ensured by the action of
The degraded clay can be surely disintegrated.

According to the apparatus for improving soil and sand according to claim 6 of the present invention.
The earth and sand mixed and stirred in the casing
-With the feeder, it is possible to carry out efficiently
By adjusting the rotation speed of the screw feeder
And the amount of sediment carried out can be controlled.
Easily adjust the amount of sediment that stagnates and circulates in the ring
be able to. That is, depending on the soil quality and condition
Adjusting the screw feeder rotation speed.
Thus, the state of stirring and kneading of the earth and sand can be controlled.

According to the method for improving soil and sand according to claim 7 of the present invention, the same excellent effects as those of the apparatus for improving soil and sand according to any one of claims 1 to 6 can be obtained, and clay can be produced. Rather than improving in situ where it is deposited,
Once the clay is excavated and put into the soil improvement equipment, for example, if the clay is excavated at the beginning of the construction, the required amount of the improved clay will be Can be supplied, and construction efficiency can be improved. Further, the improved clay can be supplied to a construction site different from the construction site where the clay has been generated.

According to the method for improving soil and sand according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the same operation and effect as those of the apparatus for improving soil and sand according to any one of the first to sixth aspects can be obtained, and at the same time, the sludge is removed. The improvement of the earth and sand is further promoted by adding the improver to the earth and sand and further stirring with a paddle mixer.
It is possible to continuously supply improved soil with excellent workability. For example, if a solidifying material is used as an improving material to granulate the consolidated clay, the consolidated clay can be efficiently de-mulled, and the granulated soil with excellent workability and storage characteristics can be added to the clay. If the appropriate amount of water and solidifying material is used as an improving material, it is possible to continuously generate fluidized earth and sand from the consolidated clay, and to reduce the weight as an improving material If the material and the solidified material are used, it is possible to continuously produce lighter earth and sand.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a soil improvement device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the soil improvement device of the above example.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the earth and sand improvement device of the above example.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a soil improvement device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Casing 6 Input port 7 Holding plate 10 Screw 11 Shaft 12 Spiral band 13 Support piece 20 Screw feeder 22 Discharge port 30 Improvement material hopper (improvement material addition means) 50 Earth and sand improvement device (second embodiment) 52 Partition wall (shielding) Plate) 60 improvement material hopper (improvement material addition means of the second embodiment) 70 paddle mixer

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A 57-18054 (JP, U) JP-A 4-130347 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E02F 7/00

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] An inlet for charging earth and sand and discharging the earth and sand.
A casing having a discharge port,
And knead the injected earth and sand.
And a screw for feeding to the discharge port side.
A shaft extending into the casing and rotatable;
Coil along the axis around the axis and spaced apart from the axis
A spiral band extending in a spiral shape, and a spiral band extending from the axis to the spiral band.
Thus, it extends almost radially while shifting the position in the axial direction,
And a number of support pieces for supporting the spiral band on the shaft.
At the end of the spiral band of the screw on the discharge port side of the casing, the spiral band is bent so that the winding direction of the spiral band is reversed at the tip side and the terminal side of the spiral band. And earth improvement equipment. 2. An inlet for charging earth and sand, and discharging the earth and sand.
A casing having a discharge port,
And knead the injected earth and sand.
And a screw for feeding to the discharge port side.
A shaft extending into the casing and rotatable;
Coil along the axis around the axis and spaced apart from the axis
A spiral band extending in a spiral shape, and a spiral band extending from the axis to the spiral band.
Thus, it extends almost radially while shifting the position in the axial direction,
And a number of support pieces for supporting the spiral band on the shaft.
And the casing is formed so as to surround the screw, a space is formed on the upper side of the screw in the casing, and on the end side of the screw in the casing, along the inner surface of the casing. An earth and sand improvement device comprising a holding plate for preventing earth and sand from being pushed upward. 3. An inlet for charging earth and sand, and discharging the earth and sand.
A casing having a discharge port,
And knead the injected earth and sand.
And a screw for feeding to the discharge port side.
A shaft extending into the casing and rotatable;
Coil along the axis around the axis and spaced apart from the axis
A spiral band extending in a spiral shape, and a spiral band extending from the axis to the spiral band.
Thus, it extends almost radially while shifting the position in the axial direction,
And, a plurality of support pieces for supporting lifting the helical band on the shaft
For adding soil improvement material in the above casing
A soil improvement material adding means is provided, and in the casing,
A shielding plate is provided to restrict earth and sand from moving to the discharge port side through the outside of the screw, and the earth and sand improving material adding means adds a soil and sand improving material to the discharge port side from the shielding plate. A soil improvement device characterized by the following. 4. The screw in the casing,
At least two or more are arranged in parallel with each other,
How to wind a coiled spiral band of two adjacent screws
The directions are formed opposite to each other, and two adjacent screws are
Characterized in that the directions of rotation of the menus are reversed.
The soil improvement device according to claim 1, 2 or 3. 5. The screw in the casing,
At least two or more are arranged in parallel with each other,
The spiral bands of the two adjacent screws partially overlap each other
So that the axes of two adjacent screws are close to each other.
3. An arrangement according to claim 1, wherein
The soil improvement device according to 3 or 4. 6. A case is provided in the discharge port of the casing.
For removing earth and sand from inside the casing to outside the casing
Wherein a feeder is provided.
The soil improvement device according to 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5. 7. A method for improving consolidated clay using the soil improvement device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the clayey soil generated during construction and civil engineering work is improved by the soil improvement. A method for improving the earth and sand, wherein the earth and sand is degraded by the earth and sand improving device, the improving agent is added to the decomposed earth and stirred, and the improved earth and sand is carried out. 8. A method for improving consolidated clay using the earth and sand improving apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , and a paddle mixer provided on a discharge port side of the earth and sand improving apparatus. There, the clay-based earth and sand generated by the civil engineering work is put into the earth and sand improvement device, the earth and sand is stirred by the earth and sand improvement device to de-mud the earth and sand, and the above-described material is added to the de-oiled earth and sand. Either carry in the earth and sand from the discharge port of the earth and sand improvement device to the paddle mixer, or add the improvement material to the earth and sand after carrying the earth and sand into the paddle mixer from the discharge port of the earth and sand improvement device, A method for improving earth and sand, comprising stirring and improving the added earth and sand with the paddle mixer.