JPH10159129A - Sediment improvement device and sediment improvement method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve sediment in a short period of time by efficiently stirring and kneading consolidated clay to dissolve it in a soft state and casting a solidifying medium, etc. SOLUTION: A sediment improvement device has a casing 1 and two screws 10 arranged in the inside of it. The screw 10 has a resolvable shaft 1, a spiral belt 12 extending in a coil shape in the circumference of the shaft 11 and a large number of support pieces 13 to support the spiral belt 12 on the shaft 11. The two screws 10 are opposite in the winding direction of their spiral belt 12 to each other and rotate in the opposite directions. The two screw 10 are arranged adjacent to each other and parts of their spiral belts 12, 12 are overlapped with each other. The spiral belts 12 is bent to be opposite in the winding direction at the head end side and ther terminal end side of the screw 10 at the terminal end side end part of the spiral belts 12, 12. In this constitution, improvement of sediment is carried out in a short period of time by efficiently dissolve consolidated clay input to the inside of the casing 1 and casting a solidifying material, etc.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an earth and sand improvement apparatus used for improving and reusing earth and sand generated by construction work, and more particularly to an earth and sand improvement apparatus suitable for improving clayey earth and sand. It is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, in construction work, earth and sand are generated by excavation and the like. Of these earth and sand, good-quality earth and sand can be used as it is as various construction materials. However, depending on the quality and condition of the generated sediment, it may be difficult to use it as it is as construction material, and such sediment will be disposed of. Consideration of the surrounding environment is required, and such disposal of earth and sand is a major problem for construction workers.

[0003] Therefore, by adding various improving materials to earth and sand which are difficult to use as they are, and improving the earth and sand, the earth and sand have a certain strength, and the earth and sand have plasticity in a state where they can be easily transported. Therefore, it has been demanded from various directions to enhance the possibility of the effective use of the above-mentioned earth and sand. Various improvement methods and improvement devices for improving the earth and sand as described above have been developed, and effective use of the earth and sand has been achieved.

In addition, as described above, the addition of the improving material not only imparts strength and plasticity to the earth and sand, but also employs a granulation method in which extremely small-diameter earth and sand is granulated so that it can be used in the same manner as sand or gravel. A fluidization method has been developed to make the earth and sand more fluid and easy to cast, etc., and a lightweight method of reducing the specific gravity of the earth and sand by mixing foamed resin as an earth and sand improving material has been developed, as described above. The use of natural earth and sand is being expanded.

[0005]

By the way, clay-type earth and sand generated in the construction and civil engineering works, that is, small-sized particles, are compacted by depositing in the ground, and the particles are firmly adhered to each other and consolidated. The clay in the state
It is difficult to use the unmodified material as a construction material or the like. For example, it could only be used for landfilling in a relatively low load area such as the lower part of an embankment.

[0006] Also, when trying to improve the clay,
Since the clay is in a solidified state as described above, it may take a lot of trouble to add the improver and mix it evenly, for example, a soil improvement method for improving relatively soft soil such as conventional soft mud. It was difficult to improve with the device. Therefore, when improving clayey soil, without using a soil improvement device, for example, in the original site where the clay originally had, the improvement was made by digging up the clay while adding an improving material, It was mainly used in situ.

[0007] As described above, clay has a limited range of uses, and it is difficult to use clay. If clay is generated in large quantities, the clay must be disposed of, and the processing for that purpose is required. It was difficult to secure land. Also,
In the case of using in situ with the original clay as described above, the improvement process must be performed in the ground, and it is difficult to grasp the effect of the improvement. It was necessary to use improved materials, which increased the cost of construction.

[0008] In the case of in-situ improvement, it is difficult to mix the improver uniformly because the clay is solidified as described above. Even if a large amount of improver is used, the improvement effect is uniform. Rather, it was more likely to show variability. In addition, if the improved clay is used in situ and the improved clay is used in situ, the clay is improved at the construction site, for example, at a location where excavation is required. However, the construction cannot be performed at the construction site, and the construction efficiency is reduced. In-situ improvement is to add and mix an improving material while excavating clay on site as described above, and it is possible to add a solidifying material and perform a solidification treatment to increase strength. However, it has been difficult to cope with a method other than the solidification treatment, such as the above-mentioned granulation method, fluidization method, and weight reduction method.

[0009] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and uses a soil and sand improving apparatus capable of easily setting a consolidated clay into a state capable of being homogeneously mixed with an improving material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for improving sedimentation.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for improving earth and sand, comprising: a casing having an inlet for charging earth and sand; and a discharge outlet for discharging earth and sand; A screw that kneads the injected earth and sand and sends it to the discharge port side, and the screw extends in the casing and is rotatable.
A band-like spiral band extending in a coil shape along the axis around the shaft at a distance from the shaft, and extending substantially radially while shifting a position in the axial direction from the shaft toward the spiral band. The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem by providing a plurality of support pieces which are extended and which support the spiral band on the shaft.

[0011] According to the above configuration, the portions acting as edges of the side edges of the screw include the left and right side edges of the spiral band and the left and right side edges of a large number of support pieces. As compared with the case where only the outer peripheral edge portion acts as an edge as described above, there are many portions acting as an edge, and clay can be efficiently kneaded in a short period of time. In addition, the screw includes a ribbon screw without a shaft, a screw having a large number of blades discontinuously provided around the shaft, and the like. More parts to do.

Further, in the screw, there is a gap between the spiral band and the shaft, and the earth and sand that has entered the gap may be forced into the gap, for example, or may be forced into the gap. In addition to being in a state of being extruded from and making complicated movements, the earth and sand that entered the above interval is hit or cut in the rotation direction by the support piece, and the clay is further kneaded and mixed. State.

[0013] The clay particles are not necessarily in the form of a lump but are often in the shape of a flat plate with directionality. When the clay particles are deposited in the ground and compacted,
By being in a state where the direction of each particle having directionality is substantially aligned, it is in a considerably hard state, but if this is kneaded well, and the direction of each particle is separated,
Clay is known to be in a soft state, and here, kneading the consolidated clay to make it softer is referred to as deflocculation. And, as described above, in the earth and sand improving apparatus of the present invention, the clay can be efficiently kneaded and mixed, so that the solidified clay can be efficiently demulsified in a short period of time.

The thickness and length of the shaft, the width and thickness of the spiral band, the interval between the spirals, the diameter of the spiral, the number, width and thickness of the support pieces, the rotational speed of the screw, and the like are not particularly limited. ,
It may be changed based on the quality and condition of the clay.
Further, the shape of the casing, the number of screws arranged in the casing and the like are not particularly limited, and a plurality of screws are arranged in the casing, and the shape of the casing is determined based on the arrangement of the screws. Good, but if there is a large gap between the inner surface of the casing and the screw under the screw, earth and sand will not be stirred at the bottom of the casing, so under the screw, between the screw and the inner surface of the casing It is preferable that the shape is not large. In addition, when the number of screws is plural, all directions of the rotation direction of each screw, the winding direction of the helical band of each screw, the arrangement direction of the screws, the conveying direction of the earth and sand by each screw are the same for each screw. The various directions described above can be determined for each screw. Further, a plurality of screws may be arranged in parallel on the left and right, may be arranged vertically, and further, a plurality of screws may be arranged on the upper, lower, left and right.

[0015] Furthermore, in the earth and sand improvement apparatus, the operation may be performed in a batch system in which the earth and sand is once charged and agitated by a screw, and then the earth and sand is discharged, or the earth and sand are continuously charged and discharged. It is good. In addition, when charging and discharging the earth and sand continuously, it is preferable that a part of the earth and sand stays while circulating in the casing so that the earth and sand is well stirred.

When the soil improvement device is operated in a batch system as described above, for example, a plurality of soil improvement devices are operated in parallel, and one of the soil improvement devices finishes the kneading of the soil and removes the soil. During the unloading, the other soil improvement device is made to knead the earth and sand, and when the removal of the earth and sand is finished in one of the earth and sand improvement devices, the earth and sand are again charged and the earth and sand are kneaded in the earth and sand improvement device. In the earth and sand improvement device of the above, the earth and sand are kneaded and the earth and sand is carried out, and the earth and sand improvement device may be operated in batch, or the earth and sand may be carried out continuously.

Further, in the above-mentioned earth and sand improvement device, the earth and sand are stirred and kneaded as described above by rotating the screw, and when the solidified clay is supplied, the clay is demullified. However, in this earth and sand improvement device, it is also possible to add a further improving material to the clay that has been deflocculated in this way and perform the process from mud crushing to soil improvement, or to carry out the crushed clay. Alternatively, in another earth and sand improving apparatus, an improving material may be added to and mixed with the crushed earth and sand. That is, the soil improvement device may be a device that performs addition and mixing of the improving material, or may be a device that performs only the muddy of the consolidated clay as a pretreatment for the addition and mixing of the improving material. In addition, as the improving material, cement-based or polymer-based solidifying material is used when increasing the strength or granulation of the earth and sand, and water or solidifying material is used when fluidizing the earth and sand. Can be When the earth and sand is reduced in weight, a lightweight material such as a foamed bead material or a foam material is used. In addition, a mixture of these improving materials may be used.

Further, in this soil improvement device, the decomposed clay is softened, so that the improving material can be mixed relatively easily and homogeneously. And processing such as granulation, fluidization, and weight reduction can be performed. Further, it goes without saying that this soil and sand improving apparatus can stir and knead the earth and sand other than the solidified clay, and can also mix the improving material with the earth and sand other than the solidified clay.

The earth and sand improvement device according to the second aspect of the present invention comprises:
In the casing, the screws are arranged at least two or more in parallel with each other, and the winding directions of the coiled spiral bands of the two adjacent screws are formed opposite to each other, and the rotation of the two adjacent screws is performed. The fact that the directions are reversed to each other is a means for solving the above problem.

According to the above configuration, the winding direction of two adjacent screws is reversed and the rotation direction is reversed, so that the clay is conveyed in the same direction by the two adjacent screws. For example, clay located between adjacent screws, due to adjacent screws,
After being lifted up or pushed down, the clay divided into left and right is divided into two parts, and the clay divided into right and left is pushed down or lifted up on both sides of the adjacent screw, and again, It will be returned and combined between the adjacent screws, and the earth and sand will be stirred more complicatedly than in the case of stirring with one screw, and the earth and sand can be kneaded efficiently.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a soil and sand improving apparatus.
In the casing, the screws are arranged at least two or more in parallel with each other, and the helical bands of the two adjacent screws partially overlap each other, so that the axes of the two adjacent screws are close to each other. The arrangement is a means for solving the above problem. According to the above configuration, the clay located between the adjacent screws is in a state sandwiched between the spiral bands of the adjacent screws before and after, and a force acts simultaneously from both screws. There is no possibility of rotation with the spiral band without being kneaded while being adhered, and the clay is reliably stirred and kneaded by the action of both screws.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a soil improvement device,
It is an object of the present invention that the spiral band is bent so that the winding direction of the spiral band is opposite at the distal end side and the distal end side of the spiral band at the discharge port side end of the casing of the spiral band of the screw. The solution. According to the above configuration, the earth and sand conveyed from the distal end to the distal end of the screw by the screw is bent at the distal end of the screw so that the winding directions are opposite at the distal end and the distal end of the spiral band. At the same time, the soil will be scraped off at the part where it was scraped, and the earth and sand will be pushed in the opposite direction to the screw conveyance direction. The earth and sand can be reliably scraped off and extruded at the end of the screw to circulate the earth and sand.

For example, closing the discharge port of the casing,
In the case where the discharge amount from the discharge port is regulated, at least a part of the earth and sand conveyed from the leading end side of the screw to the distal end side in the casing loses the place where the screw goes, and the part where the space between the screw and the casing is wide is wide. Will be moved in the direction opposite to the transport direction, and will circulate in the casing, but at the distal end of the screw, the winding direction of the spiral band is reversed at the distal end side and the terminal side of the spiral band as described above. When the spiral band is bent, soil and sand are scraped off at the bent part, and at the part where the winding direction is reversed, the transport direction is reversed. Will push in the direction.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an earth and sand improving apparatus,
The casing is formed so as to surround the screw, a space is formed on the upper side of the screw in the casing, and the earth and sand along the inner surface of the casing on the terminal side of the screw in the casing. The solution of the above-mentioned problem is provided with a pressing plate for preventing the pressing plate from being pushed upward.

According to the above configuration, since the space is formed on the upper side of the screw of the casing, at least a part of the earth and sand conveyed from the distal end side of the screw to the distal end side is formed on the inner surface of the casing on the distal end side of the screw. There is a possibility of moving to the space side along. In this case, the earth and sand may adhere to the inner surface of the casing, and the stirred earth and sand may accumulate without being carried out of the casing.

Therefore, by providing the above-mentioned holding plate,
While it is possible to prevent earth and sand from moving above the holding plate, the earth and sand moving upward can be pushed back by the holding plate, and the earth and sand can be returned to the lower screw side,
It is possible to prevent earth and sand from staying in the casing. In addition, the above-mentioned space communicates with these inlets when the earth and sand and the improving material are injected from above the earth and sand improvement device, and also serves as a buffer when the amount of the earth and sand to the earth and sand improvement device is large. And a space for circulating the earth and sand when at least a part of the earth and sand is repeatedly stirred by the screw in the earth and sand improvement device.

[0027] The earth and sand improving apparatus according to claim 6 of the present invention is characterized in that:
A solution to the above problem is that a screw feeder for carrying out earth and sand from inside the casing to outside of the casing is provided at the discharge port of the casing. According to the above configuration, the earth and sand stirred and kneaded in the casing can be efficiently carried out with the screw feeder, and the amount of earth and sand carried out can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the screw feeder. Since it is possible, the amount of soil and the like stagnating and circulating in the casing can be easily adjusted. That is, by adjusting the rotation speed of the screw feeder according to the soil quality and condition of the earth and sand, the state of stirring and kneading of the earth and sand can be controlled.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided an earth and sand improving apparatus.
The provision of the soil improving material adding means for adding the soil improving material in the casing is a means for solving the above problem. According to the above configuration, the soil improvement device can not only perform the demulsification of the solidified clay, but also add and mix the improving material to the pulverized clay and perform the improvement corresponding to the improving material. it can. In other words, according to this soil and sand improvement device, both the treatment of the sludge and the addition and mixing of the improving material can be performed by one device, so that the cost can be reduced.

[0029] The earth and sand improving apparatus according to claim 8 of the present invention comprises:
In the casing, a shielding plate is provided to restrict earth and sand from passing through the outside of the screw and moving to the discharge port side, and the earth and sand improving material adding means improves soil and sand from the shielding plate to the discharge port side. The addition of a material is a means for solving the above problem. According to the above-described configuration, the earth and sand put into the casing can be efficiently sent to the screw by the shielding plate, and the mud can be reliably removed by stirring the screw. In other words, when there is no shielding plate, inefficient state such that the earth and sand (undigested mud) put in the casing crosses the outside of the screw and moves to the discharge port side without receiving much stirring of the screw. However, such an inefficient situation is improved. In addition, the shield plate prevents the earth and sand from moving at a stroke to the discharge side across the outside of the screw, so that the amount of movement of the earth and sand on the discharge port side from the shield plate does not greatly change. In addition, the amount of earth and sand movement can be kept almost constant. In addition, according to the earth and sand improving device, since the earth and sand improving material is added on the discharge port side from the shielding plate, the earth and sand improving material can be added to the pulverized soil at a uniform rate. In other words, if the inlet side of the shielding plate is regarded as a mud-removing unit for demudging the earth and sand, and the discharge port side of the shielding plate is regarded as a mixing unit for mixing the sediment-improving material, the mud-removing unit can efficiently dissolve the mud. It is possible to mix the earth and sand improving material at a uniform ratio in the mixing section, and it is possible to further improve the soil and sand improvement efficiency.

The method for improving earth and sand according to claim 9 of the present invention comprises:
A method for improving consolidated clay using the soil improvement device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein clay soil generated by construction and civil engineering work is charged into the soil improvement device, The above-mentioned means for solving the above-mentioned problem is to crush the above-mentioned earth and sand by the above-mentioned earth and sand improvement apparatus, add an improving material to the crushed earth and sand, stir and carry out the improved earth and sand. According to the configuration, it is possible to obtain the same operation and effect as the earth and sand improvement device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and not to improve at the original position where the clay is deposited, but to temporarily Since the clay is excavated and put into the soil improvement equipment, for example, if the clay is excavated at the beginning of the construction, the required amount of the improved clay is required when the construction requires the improved clay. Clay can be supplied, and construction efficiency can be improved. Further, the improved clay can be supplied to a construction site different from the construction site where the clay has been generated. In addition, in this earth and sand improvement device, it is good also as what carries out both addition and mixing of the sludge and improvement material,
In this earth and sand improvement device, only demudging shall be performed,
Processing such as addition and mixing of the improving material may be performed by another known apparatus.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for improving soil and sand according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, and a paddle mixer provided on a discharge port side of the apparatus for improving earth and sand. A method for improving consolidated clay using a method, wherein the clay-like earth and sand generated by construction and civil engineering work is put into the earth and sand improvement device, and the earth and sand is stirred by the earth and sand improvement device to demud the earth and sand. After adding the improving material to the soil and soil, the earth and sand are carried into the paddle mixer from the discharge port of the earth and sand improvement device, or the earth and sand are improved after being carried into the paddle mixer from the discharge port of the earth and sand improvement device. The soil was added with the paddle mixer or the sand was added with the paddle mixer to improve the soil.
According to the above configuration, it is possible to obtain the same operation and effect as the earth and sand improvement device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and to add the improving material to the crushed earth and sand and use a paddle mixer. By further stirring, the improvement of the earth and sand can be further advanced, and the improved earth and sand excellent in workability can be continuously supplied. For example, if a solidifying material is used as an improving material to granulate the consolidated clay, the consolidated clay can be efficiently de-mulled, and the granulated soil with excellent workability and storage characteristics can be added to the clay. Can be supplied continuously. Therefore, by excavating the clay at the beginning of the construction and treating the clay by the method for improving the earth and sand, the necessary amount of the granulated earth and sand is required when the construction requires the earth and sand. Can be supplied,
Further, the granulated earth and sand can be supplied to a construction site different from the construction site where the clay is generated. In addition, if an appropriate amount of water and solidifying material is used as an improving material, fluidized earth and sand can be continuously generated from the consolidated clay,
If a lightening material and a solidifying material are used as the improving material, the lightened earth and sand can be continuously generated.

[0032]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, an earth and sand improvement apparatus and an earth and sand improvement method according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 show a soil improvement device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the soil and sand improving apparatus according to the first embodiment includes a casing 1, two screws 10 and 10 arranged in the casing 1 in parallel with each other, and a casing 1. Screw feeder 20 for unloading improved clay
And an improving material hopper 30 (shown in FIG. 3) for adding the improving material into the casing 1. Furthermore, in the casing 1, the earth and sand is filled with the screws 10,
A partition wall 52 (shown in FIG. 3) is provided as a shielding plate that restricts movement of the screws 10 and 10 to the end side (the left side in FIG. 3) of the screws 10 and 10.

The casing 1 is, as shown in FIG.
It comprises a bottom part 2 and a housing part 5 provided integrally with the bottom part 2 on the bottom part 2. The bottom portion 2 is provided with two arc-shaped convex portions 3, 3 which are convex downwards along the outer peripheral surfaces of the two screws 10, 10 arranged side by side. As shown in FIG. 3, a position corresponding to the distal end side of the screws 10 and 10 (left side of the bottom 2 in FIG. 3)
The opening 4 to which the screw feeder 20 is connected is formed. In addition, in the opening 4 of the bottom 2, a cylindrical tubular portion 2 serving as a casing of the screw feeder 20 is provided.
1 is connected, and the casing 1 and the cylindrical portion 21 are in communication with each other through the opening 4 in the bottom 2.

The casing 1 and the cylindrical portion 21 are
The discharge port 22 of the cylindrical portion 21 shown in FIG.
It is the discharge port 22 of the casing 1. The above housing 5
Is a rectangular cylindrical housing, and the long side of the housing 5 and the axial direction of the screws 10 and 10 are parallel to each other.
The housing 5 has an upper part that is open as shown in FIG. 2 and a lower part that is closed by the bottom part 2 as shown in FIG. The upper opening of the housing 5 is an input port 6 for inputting clay.

When the earth and sand are introduced into the inlet 6, the tip side of the screw 10 (in FIGS. 2 and 3,
It is necessary to put earth and sand into the housing 5 (on the right side of the housing 5), and only the tip side of the screw 10 at the upper part of the housing 5 may be opened as the inlet 6. Further, the opening 6 may be provided with an opening / closing member for opening and closing the opening 6. The housing 5 is formed to be higher than the diameter of the screws 10, 10 so that a space is formed on the screws 10, 10 in the housing 5.

As shown in FIG. 3, the ends of the screws 10 and 10 of the housing 5 (on the left side of the housing 5 in FIG. 3).
A holding plate 7 is provided above. The holding plate 7
Are arranged obliquely so that the lower surface thereof becomes higher from the distal end to the distal end of the screws 10, 10.
When the clay which has been conveyed while being stirred and kneaded to the end of the casing moves upward along the inner surface of the casing 1, the clay is returned to the screw 10, 10 side (toward the tip side of the screw 10, 10 diagonally downward). It has become.

The screws 10, 10 are arranged in the casing 1 side by side and parallel to each other.
It is rotatable. The screw 10 has a shaft 11 rotatable as a rotation shaft, and a band-shaped spiral extending around the shaft 11 in a coil shape along the direction of the shaft 11 at a distance from the shaft 11. A belt 12 and a plurality of support pieces 13 extending substantially radially from the shaft 11 toward the spiral band 12 while being displaced in the axial direction, and supporting the spiral band 12 on the shaft 11. .

The shafts 11, 11 extend from one end to the other end of the casing 1 and extend from the one end to the outside of the casing 1, so that the two shafts 11, 11 are interlocked. Is connected to a gear mechanism 15 (shown in a state of being built in a gear box). Further, bearings (not shown) are provided at one end and the other end of the casing 1 so as to rotatably support the shafts 11 and 11. Further, a gear mechanism 15 provided on one end side of the shafts 11 and 11 is connected to a motor 16 with a variable speed reducer,
The shaft 11 is driven to rotate by the motor 16. In addition, the two shafts 11 are configured to be rotated in directions opposite to each other. In this example, as shown by an arrow in FIG. 1, the right shaft of the two shafts 11 rotates counterclockwise. It rotates so that the left axis rotates clockwise.

The helical bands 12, 12 are formed in a coil shape with the shafts 11, 11 substantially at the center.
It is formed so as to extend along the axis while orbiting around the circumferences 1 and 11. And the shaft 11, 11 and the spiral band 1
2 and 12 are spaced apart from each other, and the shafts 11 and 11 and the spiral bands 12 and 12 are supported by the support pieces 13.
And are connected.

In the two screws 10, 10, the winding directions of the spiral bands 12, 12 are reversed, and in FIG.
2 is such that the spiral band 12 turns from the tip side to the terminal side as it turns clockwise, and the spiral band 12 of the left screw turns from the tip side to the terminal side as it turns counterclockwise. It has become. By rotating the two screws 10 and 10 in the rotation direction described above, the spiral bands 12 and 12 convey the clay from the distal ends of the screws 10 and 10 to the distal ends.

The two screws 10, 10
Are arranged close to each other, and as shown in FIG. 1, a part of the helical band 12, 12 has two screws 10,
10 overlap each other. That is, the distance between the axes of the two screws 10, 10 is shorter than the diameter (of the screw) of the coil composed of the spiral band 12, and at the position between the two shafts 11, 11, The spiral band 12 and the other spiral band 12 are alternately arranged.

In the two screws 10, 10, the helical bands 12, 12 are arranged so as not to interfere with each other. As shown in FIG. 2, the spiral bands 12 are bent at the distal ends of the spiral bands 12, 12 such that the winding direction of the spiral bands 12 is opposite between the distal end side and the distal end side of the screw 10. The bent portions 14 are formed. In other words, at the distal end portions of the spiral bands 12, 12, the winding direction of the spiral band 12 is reversed between the distal end side and the distal end side of the screw 10 with the bent portions 14, 14 as boundaries. The supporting pieces 13 are arranged at substantially equal intervals on the shafts 11 along the spiral bands 12.

The screw feeder 20 is a well-known screw feeder, and as shown in FIG.
Ordinary fins 2 provided continuously in a spiral around the periphery of 3
4 having a screw 25. Needless to say, the fins 24 are directly joined to the rotating shaft 23. Also, screw 2
5 is arranged inside the cylindrical portion 21 along the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 21.

The screw 25 is connected to a motor 27 with a variable speed reducer via a chain 26 as shown in FIG. 1, and is driven to rotate by the motor 27. The screw feeder 20 conveys the clay that has dropped downward from the opening 4 in the bottom 2 of the casing 1 to the discharge port 22 and discharges the clay from the discharge port 22. Also, the discharge port 2 of the screw feeder 20
2, a belt conveyor 28 is arranged to convey the clay discharged from the discharge port 22.

As shown in FIG. 3, the improved material hopper 30 is arranged above the casing 10 at the upper end of the screws 10 and 10 and joined to the casing 1.
The improvement material can be introduced from the charging port 6 of the casing 1 and serves as an improvement material addition means. In addition,
The improving material hopper 30 is provided with a valve (not shown), so that the feeding and non-feeding of the improving material hopper 30 can be adjusted, and the amount per hour can be adjusted.

Next, a method for improving the earth and sand using the above-described apparatus for improving earth and sand will be described. First, the clay produced by the construction works is transported to a soil improvement device. The earth and sand improvement device may be disposed near a construction site where clay is generated. Then, the two screws 10, 1
0 is rotated as described above, and the conveyed clay is removed from the casing 1 by a heavy machine (not shown) such as a backhoe.
It is charged into the casing 1 from the upper charging port 6.

The method of supplying the clay into the casing 1 is not limited to this, and a hopper or various conveyors may be used. However, the hardened clay is difficult to handle. The use of a backhoe makes it easier to put clay. In addition, when considering the automatic control of the operation by the soil improvement device, it is preferable to measure the weight, specific gravity, and water content of the clay fed into the soil improvement device, and in measuring the weight, the backhoe is used to measure the weight. It is preferable that the clay is not put directly into the casing 1 but put into the measuring device (not shown), and the clay is put into the casing 1 from the measuring device.

As for the specific gravity and the water content, since there are known non-contact type sensors, it is possible to measure them by providing these sensors in the casing 1. In addition, the amount of earth or sand charged to the soil improvement device or the amount of input per hour, the rotation speed of the two screws 10 and 10, the rotation speed of the screw feeder 20 (the amount of clay discharged), and the addition of the soil improvement material per hour The optimum value of the control item such as the amount is determined in advance by performing a test using the clay to be improved.

When automatically controlling each of the above-mentioned control items, a plurality of measurement items that can be automatically measured are changed in advance by a factor likely to affect the control items such as the moisture content of the clay. Is performed, and an optimum value of the control item is obtained for each different value of each measurement item to create a data table. And a memory for storing the created data table;
Using a control device (not shown) having a CPU (central processing unit) for performing arithmetic processing, an optimum value of each control item is obtained based on the measured value of each measurement item. By controlling each control item, the soil improvement device can be automatically controlled.

The data table may vary depending on the soil properties of the clay, and it is preferable to create a data table corresponding to a plurality of different soil properties in advance. Then, after the values of the respective control items are determined, the clay is charged while the screws 10 and 10 are rotated as described above. When the soil is improved in a batch system, the screw feeder 20 is stopped when the clay is charged, and the screw feeder 20 is operated when the soil is improved. When the soil is continuously improved, the screw feeder is basically kept rotating.

Even when the soil is continuously improved, the screw feeder 20 may be stopped when the clay in the casing 1 is initially charged until the state of the clay in the casing 1 is reduced. . Then, the clay put into the casing 1 is screwed by the screws 10, 10.
While being stirred and kneaded, the screw 10 is conveyed from the leading end to the trailing end.

At this time, the screws 10, 10
Has a spiral band 12, which acts as an edge,
Since there are left and right side edges of 12 and left and right side edges of a large number of support pieces and many portions acting as edges, clay can be efficiently stirred and kneaded. Furthermore, spiral band 1
There is a space between the shafts 2 and 12 and the shafts 11 and 11, and the clay that has entered the space is in a state where it is pushed into the space and then in a state where it is pushed out, and is efficiently stirred.
While being kneaded, the clay which has entered the above-mentioned interval is beaten or cut by the rotating support pieces 13... And is further efficiently stirred and kneaded.

Further, since the two screws 10, 10 are rotated in a state where the winding directions of the spiral bands 12, 12 are opposite to each other, for example, as shown by an arrow in FIG. When 10 rotates, the clay is screwed on the left and right inner surfaces of casing 1.
The clay was conveyed between the two screws by the rotation of 0 and 10, and the clay sent from the left and right inner surfaces of the casing 1 was separated from the two screws 1.
It will be united between 0 and 10. And
The clay transported between the two screws 10, 10 is:
It is pressed downward and is separated into right and left again, so that the clay is efficiently stirred and kneaded.

Further, the two screws 10, 10
A part of the helical bands 12, 12 has two screws 1
The clay located between the two screws 10 and 10 is disposed close to each other so as to overlap between 0 and 10 so that the helical band 12 of the two screws 10 and 10 is located before and after the clay. 12, the forces of the helical bands 12, 12 of the two screws 10, 10 act on the clay at the same time, and the helical band is not kneaded while the clay remains attached to one of the helical bands 12. Clay can be surely stirred and kneaded by the action of both screws 10 and 10 without rotating with 12.

When the screw feeder 20 is stopped or the rotation speed of the screw feeder 20 is limited so that a part of the clay in the casing 1 stays, the clay conveyed to the ends of the screws 10 and 10 At least a portion of the clay is scraped upward by screws 10 and 10,
The clay falls slightly to the tip side from the ends of 0 and 10, and the clay is again conveyed to the end by the screws 10 and 10, and at least a part of the clay is re-stirred, and the clay is surely stirred and kneaded. Will be done. At this time, the screws 10, 10, 10 are attached to the holding plate 7 arranged in the casing 1.
The clay which has been conveyed to the end and which has been lifted upward by the screw hits the screw 10 and 10 reliably.
It can be dropped a little to the tip side from the end of 10.

At the ends of the helical bands 12, 12, the screws 10 are bounded by the bent portions 14, 14.
Since the winding direction of the helical band 12 is opposite between the leading end side and the end side, the earth and sand can be surely scraped up by the bent portions 14, 14, and the winding direction of the helical band 12, 12 is reversed. Screw 1
The clay can be pressed to the tip sides of the screws 10 and 10, and the clay can be reliably returned to the tip sides of the screws 10 and 10.

From the above, it is possible to reliably return at least a part of the clay from the distal end to the distal end of the screws 10 and 10 and to reliably circulate the clay in the casing 1, so that the clay is reliably stirred. -Can be kneaded.
Therefore, since the clay can be efficiently stirred and kneaded efficiently, the solidified clay can be efficiently demulsified in a short period of time.

In the earth and sand improving apparatus, various improving materials can be added to the clay in the casing 1 from the earth and sand hopper 30, and the clay can be efficiently stirred and kneaded as described above. So you can
The modifier can be homogeneously mixed with the clay. In addition, when various improving materials are added from the earth and sand hopper 30, as shown in FIG. The half on the terminal side of the screws 10 and 10 can be regarded as an improved portion b by the improving material. It can be considered that the modifier is added and the modifier is homogeneously mixed into the clay. That is, after the clay is demulled by the earth and sand improving device, the homogenizing material is homogeneously mixed.

It is considered that an additive is added to the clay which has been pulverized to a certain extent in the pulverizing section a, and the additive is added in the improving section b to further advance the pulverizing and mix the improving material. May be. In addition, in order to uniformly mix the improving material into the clay with the soil improvement device, it is preferable to operate the soil improvement device in a batch manner. However, by adjusting the diameter and length of the screws 10 and 10, Even if the improvement is made continuously, it is possible to homogeneously mix the improver into the clay.

In the soil and sand improvement device, only the clay is demulsified, and the clay which has been pulverized to allow the homogenization of the improvement material to be homogeneously mixed is added to the clay using another device. Mixing may be performed. And the clay improved as described above, unlike the clay before the improvement, can add various characteristics by the improvement, so the range of use as a construction material is expanded, and it is used at various construction sites. be able to. Thus, the improved clay can be used outside of the construction site where the clay occurred. Also,
Because the improvement is made not with the original site where the clay was deposited, but with the soil improvement equipment, the improvement of the soil did not delay the construction at the place where the clay was deposited, so excavating the clay first Once done, the clay improvement and construction can be done in parallel. The configuration and operation of the partition 52 are the same as those described in the second embodiment, and the details will be described in the following second embodiment. In addition, even if there is no partition wall 52 in the earth and sand improvement device, the clay can be demulsified and the improving material can be mixed.

Next, a description will be given of a soil and sand improvement apparatus and a soil and sand improvement method according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a soil improvement system including a soil improvement device 50 according to the second embodiment. In the soil improvement device of the second embodiment, the same components as those of the soil improvement device of the first embodiment shown in FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 4, this soil improvement system includes a soil improvement device 50 according to the second embodiment, and a paddle mixer 70 for further improving the soil by further agitating the soil added with the improving material. And a belt conveyor 80 for carrying out the improved earth and sand. The earth and sand improvement device 50 has a casing 51, a partition wall 52 as a shielding plate, two screws 10, 10, a screw feeder 20, and an improving material hopper 60.

The casing 51 comprises a bottom 2 and a housing 55 provided integrally with the bottom 2 on the bottom 2, and the upper surface of the housing 55 corresponds to the tip of the screws 10, 10. At a position (right side of the upper surface in FIG. 4), an inlet 56 for charging earth and sand is provided, and the rear side of the partition 52 (left side of the upper surface in FIG. 4) and the vicinity of the partition 52 are improved. Material inlet 57 for adding material
Is provided.

In order to divide the space above the screws 10 and 10 into two chambers, the partition wall 52 is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the screws 10 and 10, and from one side of the housing 55 to the other side. It is provided in a state that spans the section. The partition wall 52 is installed so as to be movable in the vertical direction and the front-rear direction (right and left directions in FIG. 4) and fixed at an arbitrary position, and can be adjusted in the vertical direction and the front-rear direction. The partition 51 divides the inside of the casing 51 into two chambers, and forms a mud-removing section A, which is one chamber on the front end side of the partition 52, and a mixing section B, which is one chamber on the rear end side.

The improved material hopper 60 is
1 is arranged above the upper end of the upper screw 10, 10 in a state of being joined to the casing 51, so that the improving material can be introduced from the improving material introduction port 57,
It is a means for adding an improving material. This improved material hopper 60
By using an improvement material feeder 62 provided inside, the introduction and non-introduction of the improvement material can be adjusted, and the amount of introduction per hour can be adjusted.

Next, a method for improving the earth and sand using the above-described earth and sand improvement system will be described. First, before pouring the clay, the vertical position and the front-back position of the partition wall 52 are adjusted in advance. This adjustment depends on the properties and amount of the clay to be charged into the soil improvement device 50 and the rotation speed of the screws 10 and 10. The optimum position is determined by conducting a test in advance under conditions of possible soil improvement. Other settings are first
This is the same as that shown in the embodiment.

In this state, the clay produced by the construction work is introduced into the casing 51 from the introduction port 56 as in the first embodiment. The injected clay is screw 1
According to 0 and 10, the screw 10 is agitated and kneaded, and is conveyed from the leading end to the trailing end of the screw 10. At this time, even if a large amount of clay is put into the casing 51 or the clay is put in vigorously, the put clay is passed through the space above the screws 10 and 10 by the partition walls 52 arranged in the casing 51. And screw 10,
The movement to the rear end of the screw 10 is restricted, and the screw 10 is efficiently sent to the screws 10.

For example, when a large amount of clay is put in or the clay stacked in the space above the screws 10 and 10 tries to move toward the rear end, the clay hits the partition wall 52 and is caught. The clay thus obtained is sent to the lower side of the partition wall 52, and is stirred and kneaded by the screws 10, 10 to be demulsified. In other words, in the mud-removal part A on the tip side of the screws 10 and 10 formed by being blocked by the partition walls 52, the clay is reliably removed from the screws 10 and 1
The clay is sent to 0 and demulsified to make a clay capable of uniform mixing of the improver.

The clay which has passed through the lower part of the partition 52 is
At the same height as the lower end of the screws 10, 10 to the rear end side. That is, the screws 10, 1
On the rear end side of 0, the movement amount of the clay becomes almost constant. In consideration of the fact that the clay is fried and piled up at the ends of the screws 10 and 10, the movement amount of the clay is particularly kept constant near the rear of the partition wall 52.

Then, in the vicinity of the rear of the partition wall 52, the improving material is supplied by the improving material hopper 60, and is stirred and kneaded by the screws 10 and 10, and the improved material and the pulverized clay are mixed. Since the improving material hopper introduces the improving material at the place where the variation of the movement amount of the clay is the least, the mixing ratio between the clay and the improving material can be made uniform. In other words, in the mixing section B on the rear end side of the screws 10 and 10 formed by being blocked by the partition walls 52, the improving material is uniformly mixed with the pulverized clay and the clay can be surely improved. .

Thereafter, the clay is improved by stirring and kneading with the screws 10 and 10, and the improved clay is sent to the screw feeder 20 and discharged from the discharge port 22. The clay discharged from the discharge port 22 is supplied to the paddle mixer 7.
0, and further agitated by the paddle mixer 70 to proceed with the improvement. The clay that has been surely improved by the paddle mixer is supplied to the discharge port 72 of the paddle mixer 70.
And is carried out by the belt conveyor 80.

As described above, according to the soil improvement device 50 and the soil improvement method of the second embodiment, in addition to the effects of the soil improvement device and the soil improvement method shown in the first embodiment, the casing is improved. By the action of the partition wall 52 provided in the inside 51, as described above, it is possible to surely perform the uniform demulsification and the uniform mixing of the improving material, and to improve the improvement efficiency of the clay.

The paddle mixer 70 can further advance the improvement by further stirring the clay in which the improving agent is uniformly mixed. For example, if a solidifying agent is used as the improving agent, the workability and the storage property are excellent. Granulated earth and sand can be continuously produced from the input of consolidated clay, and if an appropriate amount of water and solidified material is used as an improving material, the soil and fluidized from the consolidated clay can be continuously produced. In addition, if a lightening material and a solidifying material are used as the improving material, it is possible to continuously produce lightened earth and sand. Therefore, by excavating the clay at the beginning of the construction and treating the clay with the method for improving the earth and sand, the work requires the use of granulated earth, fluidized earth or lighter earth. When this happens, the improved earth and sand can be supplied in a required amount, and the improved earth and sand can be supplied to a construction site different from the construction site where the clay is generated.

In this embodiment, the improving material is mixed inside the soil improvement device 50. However, only the mud is decomposed in the soil improvement device 50, and the improving material is supplied by the paddle mixer 70. Mixing and stirring can also improve the earth and sand.

[0075]

According to the apparatus for improving soil and sand according to the first aspect of the present invention, the portions acting as the screw edges include the left and right side edges of the spiral band and the left and right side edges of a large number of support pieces. There are many parts that act as edges, so that clay can be kneaded efficiently in a short period of time. In the screw, there is a space between the spiral band and the shaft,
The sediment that has entered the space of this interval, for example, is in a state where it is forcibly pushed into the above-mentioned space, or is pushed out of the above-mentioned space, and performs complicated movements, and the earth and sand that has entered the above-mentioned space Is in a state where it is beaten or cut in the rotation direction by the support pieces, and the clay is further kneaded and mixed. And, as described above, clay can be kneaded efficiently,
The compacted clay can be efficiently deflocculated in a short period of time.

According to the apparatus for improving soil and sand according to the second aspect of the present invention, the winding direction of two adjacent screws is reversed and the rotation direction is reversed, so that the clay formed by the two adjacent screws is used. With the same transport direction, for example, clay located between adjacent screws, is lifted up by the adjacent screw, or after being pushed down, is divided into left and right, divided into left and right The clay that has been pushed down or lifted up on both sides of the adjacent screw will be put back together between the adjacent screws and mixed together. The earth and sand are stirred more complicatedly than before, and the earth and sand can be efficiently kneaded, and the solidified clay can be efficiently demulsified in a short period of time. That.

According to the apparatus for improving soil and sand according to the third aspect of the present invention, the clay located between the adjacent screws is sandwiched between the spiral bands of the adjacent screws before and after the adjacent screws. Since the force acts at the same time, for example, there is no possibility of rotating with the spiral band without being kneaded while adhering to the spiral band. The degraded clay can be surely disintegrated.

According to the apparatus for improving soil and sand according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the clay conveyed from the tip side to the end side of the screw by the screw becomes opposite in the winding direction of the spiral band at the end of the screw. In the part where the winding direction of the spiral band was reversed, the clay was pushed in the opposite direction to the screw conveyance direction, and the clay was pushed from the tip side to the end side of the screw. When returning the clay transported to the tip side again and circulating it, it is necessary to scrape and push back the clay at the end of the screw securely, circulate the clay reliably, and reliably deagglomerate the solidified clay Can be.

According to the earth and sand improving apparatus of the fifth aspect of the present invention, by providing the above-mentioned holding plate, the holding plate pushes back the earth and sand which is going to move upward on the inner surface of the casing at the end of the screw to the screw side. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the earth and sand from staying in the earth and sand improvement device, and to enhance the efficiency of stirring and kneading the earth and sand.

According to the earth and sand improving apparatus of the present invention, earth and sand stirred and kneaded in the casing can be efficiently carried out by the screw feeder, and the rotation speed of the screw feeder is adjusted. Thus, the amount of earth and sand carried out can be controlled, so that the amount of earth and sand stagnating and circulating in the casing can be easily adjusted. That is, by adjusting the rotation speed of the screw feeder according to the soil quality and condition of the earth and sand, the state of stirring and kneading of the earth and sand can be controlled.

According to the soil improving apparatus of the present invention, not only the demulsifying of the solidified clay is performed by the sediment improving apparatus, but also the improving agent is added to the demulsified clay to remove the clay. The improvement material can be homogeneously mixed with the muddy clay to make improvements corresponding to the type of the improvement material. In other words, according to this soil and sand improvement device, both the treatment of the sludge and the addition and mixing of the improving material can be performed by one device, so that the cost can be reduced.

According to the earth and sand improving device of the present invention, the earth and sand can be efficiently sent to the screw by the shielding plate in the casing, and the mud can be surely deagglomerated by stirring the screw. . Also, the shielding plate can keep the amount of movement of the earth and sand on the discharge port side from the shielding plate almost constant, and the earth and sand improving material is added on the discharge port side from the shielding plate, so that the earth and sand improving material is evenly distributed. Can be added to the muddy soil. Therefore, the improvement efficiency of earth and sand can be improved.

According to the method for improving soil and sand according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the same excellent effects as those of the apparatus for improving soil and soil according to any one of the first to eighth aspects can be obtained, and clay can be used. Rather than improving in situ where it is deposited,
Once the clay is excavated and put into the soil improvement equipment, for example, if the clay is excavated at the beginning of the construction, the required amount of the improved clay will be Can be supplied, and construction efficiency can be improved. Further, the improved clay can be supplied to a construction site different from the construction site where the clay has been generated.

According to the method for improving soil and sand according to claim 10 of the present invention, the same operation and effect as those of the apparatus for improving soil and sand according to any one of claims 1 to 8 can be obtained, and sludge is removed. By adding the improving material to the soil and further stirring with a paddle mixer, the improvement of the soil can be further advanced, and the improved soil excellent in workability can be continuously supplied. For example, if a solidifying material is used as an improving material to granulate the consolidated clay, the consolidated clay can be efficiently de-mulled, and the granulated soil with excellent workability and storage characteristics can be added to the clay. If the appropriate amount of water and solidifying material is used as an improving material, it is possible to continuously generate fluidized earth and sand from the consolidated clay, and to reduce the weight as an improving material If the material and the solidified material are used, it is possible to continuously produce lighter earth and sand.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a soil improvement device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the soil improvement device of the above example.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the earth and sand improvement device of the above example.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a soil improvement device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Casing 6 Input port 7 Holding plate 10 Screw 11 Shaft 12 Spiral band 13 Support piece 20 Screw feeder 22 Discharge port 30 Improvement material hopper (improvement material addition means) 50 Earth and sand improvement device (second embodiment) 52 Partition wall (shielding) Plate) 60 improvement material hopper (improvement material addition means of the second embodiment) 70 paddle mixer

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A casing having an input port for charging earth and sand, and a discharge port for discharging earth and sand, a screw arranged in the casing, for kneading the input soil and sending the mixture to the discharge port side. A screw-shaped shaft extending in the casing and rotatable, and a belt-like shape extending around the shaft in a coil shape along the shaft at a distance from the shaft. Spiral band, extending substantially radially while shifting the position in the axial direction from the shaft toward the spiral band, and comprising a number of support pieces that support the spiral band on the shaft. Earth improvement equipment. 2. The screw in the casing,
At least two or more are arranged in parallel with each other,
2. The soil improvement according to claim 1, wherein the winding directions of the coiled spiral bands of the two adjacent screws are opposite to each other, and the rotation directions of the two adjacent screws are opposite to each other. apparatus. 3. The screw in the casing,
At least two or more are arranged in parallel with each other,
The soil improvement device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the axes of the two adjacent screws are arranged close to each other so that the spiral bands of the two adjacent screws partially overlap with each other. 4. The spiral band is bent at the end of the spiral band of the screw on the discharge port side of the casing such that the winding direction of the spiral band is opposite between the tip side and the end side of the spiral band. The soil improvement device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: 5. The casing is formed so as to surround the screw, a space is formed on an upper side of the screw in the casing, and a space is formed on an inner surface of the casing above a distal end side of the screw in the casing. The earth and sand improvement device according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, further comprising a holding plate for preventing the earth and sand from being pushed upward along the space. 6. The screw feeder according to claim 1, wherein a screw feeder for discharging earth and sand from inside the casing to outside of the casing is provided at the discharge port of the casing. Sediment improvement equipment. 7. The soil improvement device according to claim 1, wherein soil improvement material adding means for adding the soil improvement material is provided in the casing. . 8. A shield plate is provided in the casing to prevent earth and sand from passing outside the screw and moving to the discharge port side, and the earth and sand improving material adding means is provided by the shield plate from the discharge plate. The soil improvement device according to claim 7, wherein a soil improvement material is added to the outlet side. 9. A method for improving consolidated clay using the soil improvement device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the clayey soil generated by construction and civil works is improved by the soil improvement. A method for improving the earth and sand, wherein the earth and sand is degraded by the earth and sand improving device, the improving agent is added to the decomposed earth and stirred, and the improved earth and sand is carried out. 10. A method for improving consolidated clay using the soil improvement device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and a paddle mixer provided on the discharge port side of the soil improvement device. There, the clay-based earth and sand generated by the civil engineering work is put into the earth and sand improvement device, the earth and sand is stirred by the earth and sand improvement device to de-mud the earth and sand, and the above-described material is added to the de-oiled earth and sand. Either carry in the earth and sand from the discharge port of the earth and sand improvement device to the paddle mixer, or add the improvement material to the earth and sand after carrying the earth and sand into the paddle mixer from the discharge port of the earth and sand improvement device, A method for improving earth and sand, comprising stirring and improving the added earth and sand with the paddle mixer.