JP3100872B2 - How to join the impermeable sheet - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a waste disposal site, an artificial reservoir, a river embankment, a roof of a reinforced concrete building,
The present invention relates to a method of joining a water-impervious sheet to be installed in a subway structure, a waste disposal site, or the like to prevent water leakage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Water-blocking sheets laid on the above-mentioned waste disposal sites and roofs of reinforced concrete buildings to prevent water leakage are made of synthetic polymer materials such as vinyl chloride, polyethylene, and synthetic rubber. Many seats are used. The water-impervious sheet made of these synthetic polymer materials is easier to fit the unevenness of the laying surface than the metal-based water-impervious sheet, and can reduce damage due to external force,
When it came into contact with sharp objects such as rocks and crushed stones on the laying surface, tears were easily generated. Therefore, in order to prevent the tear, a composite sheet has been developed in which the above-mentioned synthetic polymer material sheet is reinforced with a fiber sheet such as a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a nonwoven fabric. Also, a water-swellable intermediate sheet is interposed between the front and back water-impervious outer sheets made of normal rubber or synthetic resin to form a water-impervious sheet. A self-healing water-blocking sheet has been developed in which the intermediate sheet swells in contact with water to quickly stop water.

[0003] These waterproof sheets have a thickness of 1.5 to 1.5 mm.
5.0mm, width 1-2m, length about 5-20m, a plurality of sheets are overlapped on the side edge, glued with adhesive to form a square sheet, rolled into a roll, and put to the construction site It is formed to the required area by adding it vertically and horizontally with an adhesive, but it can be formed by a bonding method such as solvent-based, natural vulcanization type, etc. A heat-fusion bonding method is known in which the applied heat-fusion adhesive is melted, and when the water-blocking sheet is made of a thermoplastic resin, the edge itself of the sheet is melted and pressed.
For a mixture of PDM and IIR, a synthetic rubber-based water-blocking sheet such as CR, CSM, and CPE, an adhesive method and a heat fusion method are used, and PVC, an olefin-based resin (for example, P
E), a thermal fusion method has been used for thermoplastic synthetic resin sheets such as EVA.

As a method of using a natural vulcanization type adhesive, an adhesive tape made of a natural vulcanization type rubber, for example, EPT, IIR or a blend rubber of EPT and IIR, is provided on the overlapping portion of the water-blocking sheet. (Tack tape,
It is known that the adhesive tape is bonded by spontaneously vulcanizing the adhesive tape without heating (referred to as JP-A-56-84940).
Reference).

[0005]

However, according to the conventional joining method, an adhesive is uniformly applied to the entire joining surface having a width of several tens of millimeters with a brush, and the adhesive is applied to the joining surface. Because of the pressurization, a part to be bonded is formed before the air is completely discharged from the joint surface, and an air pocket is formed. Therefore, peeling may start or water may leak from this part. In particular, if the thickness of the water-blocking sheet body is uneven or the thickness of the adhesive layer is uneven, the occurrence of the air pool may be promoted.
Also, when a natural vulcanization type adhesive tape is sandwiched, if natural vulcanization is attempted using only solar heat, the vulcanization takes a long time,
Therefore, there is a problem that the joint is peeled off until the vulcanization is completed.
It was necessary to complete vulcanization in a short time.

[0006] In order to solve these difficulties, it has been attempted to increase the peel strength of the bonded portion by bonding the above-mentioned water-impervious sheet with an adhesive and stitching the bonded portion. When using a bond-based adhesive as the material or when suturing while bonding with a hot-melt-based adhesive, the above-mentioned bond-based adhesive or the hot-melt-based adhesive in a molten state adheres to the sewing needle or sewing thread during sewing. Sewing was impossible. In the case of bonding with a hot-melt adhesive and suturing after cooling and solidification, sewing may be possible, but if an external force acts before cooling and solidification, the bonding surface may peel off.

[0007] The challenges of the present invention has a self-healing,
Or, after bonding any water-impervious sheet that does not have an adhesive, in the method of suturing this adhesive part, the adhesion between the surface to which the adhesive is applied and the water-impervious sheet is poor, or the adhesive part peels off. even, while preventing water leakage from the mating surface of the water shield sheets reliably, when sewing with adhesive, to facilitate sewing prevents the adhesive to the sewing machine needle is attached, preventing the efficiency degradation of the sewing work That is.

[0008]

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned section is provided.
In order to solve the problem, bonding of the water-impervious sheet is performed by bonding ends or side edges of two water-impervious sheets made of rubber or synthetic resin and reinforced with a fiber sheet with an adhesive, and stitching the adhesive part. in the method, to use a water-absorbing adhesive material contains a water-absorbent resin as an adhesive described above.

[0009]

[0010] The above-mentioned water-impervious sheet may or may not have self-healing properties. The water-impermeable sheet having no self-healing properties is made of ordinary rubber, for example, natural rubber and synthetic rubber such as IR, SBR, BR, EPM, EPDM, IIR. Examples of the synthetic resin include ordinary thermoplastic synthetic resins generally used as a water-blocking sheet, such as PVC, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, cross-linked polyethylene, chlorinated polyethylene, and E.
An olefin resin such as VA is used.

As the self-healing water-blocking sheet, two water-blocking sheets made of the above-mentioned ordinary rubber or synthetic resin are used as outer sheets, and a water-absorbing intermediate sheet is interposed between the two water-blocking outer sheets. It is manufactured integrally by bonding (including vulcanization bonding). This water-absorbing intermediate sheet is
A water-absorbing resin such as polyacrylate, starch / acrylic acid, vinyl acetate / acrylic acid copolymer, polyethylene oxide, isobutylene / maleic anhydride copolymer, PVA / maleic anhydride copolymer is added to the above rubber or synthetic resin. It is manufactured by mixing superabsorbent polymers such as coalescable, acrylate / acrylamide copolymer, CMC, etc., alone or in combination of two or more, and forming into a sheet.

In the above-mentioned water-absorbent intermediate sheet, a water-soluble polymer such as a natural polymer material such as gelatin or gum arabic, a non-crosslinked or non-grafted non-grafted CMC or methylcellulose with a low degree of crosslinking may be used. By adding a synthetic polymer material such as a synthetic polymer material, PVA, or polyethylene oxide, water absorption of the water-absorbent resin is promoted when a hole is formed in the water-blocking sheet, and the time required for stopping water can be reduced. . In addition, a water crosslinking agent such as a vinyl silane, a methacryloxy silane, an epoxy silane, an amino silane, a silane coupling agent such as a mercapto silane and a chloropropyl silane is added together with the above water-absorbing resin, and a water-blocking sheet is added. The cross-linking is promoted while the water-absorbing intermediate sheet expands with water when the hole is opened, and the water stopping effect can be maintained.

[0013] The water-impervious sheet is made of nylon,
It is reinforced with a fiber sheet such as a woven, knitted or non-woven fabric made of synthetic fibers such as polyester. This fiber sheet may be adhered to one side of a sheet made of the above rubber or synthetic resin, in the case of a water impermeable sheet having no self-healing property,
Also, a sandwich may be interposed as an intermediate layer between the two waterproof sheets made of rubber or the like. On the other hand, in the case of the water-impermeable sheet having self-healing properties, the water-impermeable sheet is provided at an arbitrary position such as the surface of the water-impermeable outer sheet, in the layer of the water-impermeable outer sheet, and at the boundary between the water-impermeable outer sheet and the water-absorbing intermediate sheet. be able to. The basis weight of the fiber sheet is 50 to
Preferably 2000 g / m ^2, and the total thickness of the water shield sheet containing the fiber sheet, 1.5～20.0Mm is preferred.

The adhesive used in the present invention is a water-absorbing adhesive composed of a water-absorbing resin and a rubber-based adhesive or a thermoplastic resin-based adhesive. Examples of the water-absorbent resin include polyacrylates, starch / acrylic acid, vinyl acetate / acrylic acid copolymers, polyethylene oxide, isobutylene / maleic anhydride copolymers, similar to those used for the above water-absorbent intermediate sheets. Highly water-absorbing polymers such as coalesce, PVA / maleic anhydride copolymer, acrylate / acrylamide copolymer, and CMC are used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount of the water-absorbing resin added to the rubber-based adhesive or the thermoplastic resin-based adhesive is 20 to 200 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the rubber component or the thermoplastic resin component.
Part by weight, especially 50 to 150 parts by weight, is preferred. In addition, the same water cross-linking agent as that for the water-absorbing intermediate sheet can be added to the rubber-based adhesive.

As the above rubber-based adhesive, EPT, I
A naturally vulcanized rubber-based adhesive containing a naturally vulcanized rubber such as a blend rubber of IR or EPT and IIR is used.
You . Further, as the thermoplastic resin-based adhesive, a thermoplastic resin-based adhesive mainly containing a thermoplastic resin such as a polypropylene-based, polyethylene-based, or EVA-based resin is preferable. These thermoplastic resins include EPT or CPE. Rubber can be added. These rubber-based adhesives and thermoplastic resin-based adhesives are preferable in that no solvent gas is generated except for paste-like adhesives, and can be appropriately selected and used according to the type of the water-blocking sheet. In particular, a naturally vulcanized rubber-based adhesive is particularly preferable because heating is not required for joining.

[0016]

The first means is as the above-mentioned water-absorbing adhesive,
A paste-like natural vulcanized rubber-based adhesive containing a water-absorbent resin is used, and the natural vulcanized rubber-based adhesive is applied in the form of a plurality of parallel ridges and bonded. Suture between the stitches.

The second means, as the water-absorbent adhesive, by using a thermoplastic resin adhesive containing a water-absorbent resin in the form of parallel ridges of the plurality of the thermoplastic resin adhesive The ridges are sutured while applying and bonding to the ridges.

The natural vulcanised rubber-based adhesive containing a water absorbent resin that is used in the first means is pasty consisting natural vulcanised rubber and a solvent. Further, the thermoplastic resin-based adhesive containing a water-absorbing resin used in the second means,
It is applied to the surface of the impermeable sheet in a molten state. When applying these naturally vulcanized rubber-based adhesives and thermoplastic resin-based adhesives, apply a plurality of adhesives having a predetermined width, preferably within a range of 30 to 100 mm from the edge of the impermeable sheet and parallel to the edge. In the form of ridges and at intervals equal to the needle interval of the sewing needle used for suturing. In this case, air accumulation is less likely to occur than in the case of uniform application, and the suturing is performed during suturing. By piercing the sewing needle between the strips, the needle resistance can be reduced. The thickness (height of ridges) is 0.5~1.5mm is, the width at the time of coating cloth 1.0-2.0
mm is respectively preferable.

At the time of the above-mentioned bonding, the above-mentioned natural vulcanized rubber-based adhesive or thermoplastic resin-based adhesive is applied to the edge of one of the water-impervious sheets in the form of a ridge, and The edge of the other impermeable sheet is overlapped, and a pressing roller is placed on the edge to roll from one end in the length direction to the other end. However, when using a thermoplastic resin-type adhesive, the other impermeable sheet is superimposed on the application surface, and hot air is applied to the application surface immediately before the superimposition and the joint surface of the other impermeable sheet. After melting the resin-type adhesive and heating the water-impervious sheet, the other water-impervious sheet is overlaid and the roller is pressed.

FIG. 1 shows how two water-impervious sheets are stacked.
The lower surface of one of the water-impervious sheets 10A may be simply overlapped with the upper surface of the other water-impervious sheet 10B as shown in FIG. 2, and the lower surfaces of the one water-impervious sheet 10A and the other water-impervious sheet 10B as shown in FIG. 3 may be overlapped so as to wrap each other, or as shown in FIG. 3, the edge of one waterproof sheet 10A may be overlapped so as to be wrapped by the other waterproof sheet 10B. In the case of FIG. An adhesive is applied to both the front and back surfaces of the water-blocking sheet 10A. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes a water-blocking outer surface layer made of ordinary rubber or synthetic resin, 12 denotes a fiber sheet for reinforcement, and 13 denotes an adhesive layer.

[0022] In the present invention, while adhesive two water shield sheet 10A, as described above, and 10B with an adhesive, suturing the adhesive portion of its in sewing thread 14. The sewing thread 14 may be any of a spun yarn such as a normal cotton yarn, a multifilament yarn composed of synthetic fibers such as nylon, vinylon, and polyester, and a monofilament yarn.
00 denier is preferable, and the number of stitches is 1 to 6
Books, especially 3 to 5 are preferred. When a spun yarn or a multifilament yarn is used, it is preferable to perform a waterproof process because water is easily absorbed in the gap between the fibers.

IIR, EPDM, halogenated IIR, halogenated EP are provided on both the front and back surfaces of the junction of the water-impervious sheets 10A and 10B and on the edge end faces of the water-impervious sheets 10A and 10B.
Apply a waterproof sealing agent made of DM, CSM, CR, urethane, silicone rubber and olefin-based thermoplastic synthetic resin to form a waterproof coating film covering the above seams and edge end faces to further improve the sealability. Can be improved. The application of the sealing agent to the end surface of the edge can be performed in a step before bonding with an adhesive, for example, in a factory for manufacturing the water-blocking sheets 10A and 10B. Also,
Instead of applying the waterproof sealing agent, a vulcanized rubber tape may be adhered with an adhesive or an adhesive tape to cover the seam.

[0024]

The first means uses a water-absorbing adhesive containing a water-absorbing resin when bonding the edges of the two water-impervious sheets, compared to a case where no water-absorbing resin is contained. The adhesive layer at the joint absorbs water and expands, even if there is an incomplete bond or if there is peeling during use. Since it is in close contact with the joint surface of the sheet and closes the seam, water does not enter the joint. Since the portion bonded with the adhesive is sewn, the bonding surface is not separated by an external force and does not separate, and the reliability of the bonded portion is improved. Further, since the water-impervious sheet is reinforced with the fiber sheet, the water-impervious sheet is prevented from being torn by tightening the sewing thread.

[0025]

Further , since the water-absorbing natural vulcanization type rubber-based adhesive is applied in the form of a plurality of parallel ridges and adhered to each other and sewn between the ridges, the formation of air pockets is prevented. The sewing machine can be easily sewn without the adhesive material sticking to the sewing needle and the sewing thread, and peels off or slips with external force until the natural vulcanization of the adhesive material is completed. Is prevented .

[0027] In the second means, while adhering by applying a water-absorbing thermoplastic resin adhesive in the form of parallel ridges of the plurality of, since the suture between the ridges, first means Similarly, the occurrence of air pockets is small, the sewing machine can be easily sewn, and the adhesive is prevented from being peeled or displaced by an external force until it is cooled and solidified. In addition,
Water barrier sheet is prevented from tearing by tightening of the suture, the adhesive layer of the junction if the junction of the contacts the water to prevent water absorption, swelling to ingress of water, a first hand stage The same is true.

However, when the amount of the water-absorbing resin in the natural vulcanized rubber-based adhesive and the thermoplastic resin-based adhesive is less than 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the rubber component or the thermoplastic resin component, If the water-stopping effect is not obtained and the amount exceeds 200 parts by weight, on the other hand, the tensile strength of the adhesive layer is reduced and the adhesive strength is insufficient, and the surface of the adhesive layer is treated as sticky with moisture in the air. It becomes difficult.

[0029]

【Example】

Examples 1 and 2 As shown in FIG. 1, a water-impermeable sheet 10 comprising a fiber sheet layer 12 and a water-impermeable outer layer 11 laminated on both upper and lower surfaces thereof.
A and 10B were manufactured. EPD is provided on the outer surface layer 11 on both sides.
A sheet-like molded product made of M and having a thickness of 0.5 mm and a width of 1 m was used. The fiber sheet layer 12 used was a circular knitted fabric (weight per unit area: 270 g / m ² ) made of a jersey fabric composed of crimped nylon yarn (140 denier). Then, an unvulcanized EPDM sheet is laminated on the upper and lower surfaces of the circular knitted fabric in a sandwich shape, a surface pressure of 10 kg / cm ² is applied, and vulcanization is performed at 180 ° C. for 15 minutes to form a 2.2 mm thick shield. Water sheet 10
A and 10B were obtained. The composition of the EPDM is shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1 EPDM (manufactured by Mitsui Oil Co., Ltd., product number “3045”) 100 parts Zinc white 5 parts Stearic acid 1 part Coumarone resin 3 parts SRF black 50 parts Clay 15 parts Process oil 20 parts Sulfur 2 parts Accelerator TT 1. 5 parts Accelerator PZ 1.5 parts Accelerator M 1.0 part However, in Table 1, TT is tetrathiuram disulfide, PZ is zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate, and M is 2-
Mercaptobenzothiazole.

The two water-impervious sheets 10A and 10B are cut into a square having a side length of 40 cm, and the edges of the two sheets are overlapped in the form shown in FIG. A sheet of a system adhesive (a rectangle having a thickness of 0.5 mm, a width of 5 cm, and a length of 38 cm) was sandwiched, and pressure was applied at a pressure of 1 kg / cm ² using a roller to perform temporary bonding. The chlorinated IIR in the table is manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd., trade name “JSR chlorobutyl 1066”,
PEG is polyethylene glycol (manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, trade name "PEG4000"; water-absorbent resin is manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd .; trade name "Kuraray KI gel"; polybutene is manufactured by Nippon Petrochemical Co., Ltd., trade name "polybutene HV300". .

Table 2 Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Chlorinated IIR 100 100 100 100 Zinc white (# 3) 5 5 5 5 Stearic acid 1 1 1 1 PEG 1 1 1 1 1 Process oil 7 7 7 7 Water absorbent resin 100 50--FEF black 50 50 50 50 Polybutene--10-

The adhesive portion of the water-impervious sheets 10A and 10B formed by the adhesive rubber sheet is placed in parallel with the length direction of the adhesive sheet in a double chain stitch, a five-needle, and a ten-thread sewing machine (seam pitch 7 mm). (The number of stitches is 5 and the stitch interval is 10 mm). Polyester sewing thread (No. 8, 84) as the sewing thread
0 denier, resin processed product) was used. In addition, a sample of Comparative Example 3 was prepared by suturing the two water-impervious sheets 10A and 10B in the same manner as described above except that the adhesive rubber sheet was omitted.

Further, the samples of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 were used for the water stopping test apparatus 20 shown in FIG.
Was used to perform a water stoppage test. In FIG. 4, 21 is a base plate (320 mm in diameter), and 22 and 23 are tanks (height 33).
0 mm), and the sample 30 is sandwiched between the lower tank 22 and the upper tank 23 with the above-described joint positioned at the center. When water W is supplied to the upper tank 23 from the water supply hole 23a and the internal air is removed from the air hole 23b, the water W is supplied to the bottom opening 23c of the upper tank 23, the seam of the sample 30, the upper opening of the lower tank 22. 22a, the silica sand 25 filled in the lower tank 22, the perforated plate 26, the bottom opening 22b, and the center hole 21a of the base plate 21 to flow downward.

The results of the sewing test and the water stoppage test are shown in Table 3 below. In the sewing test in the table, ◎ indicates that there is no adhesion at all, が indicates that there is little adhesion and is easy to sew, が あ る indicates that there is slight adhesion, but 可能 な
Those for which it was difficult to sew a long length were rated as x. In addition, the water stoppage test was carried out by changing the water pressure to three steps, and the time (minutes) required from the time when the water flowed to the time when the water was stopped was described. And In Comparative Example 1, since the sewing was impossible, the water stoppage test could not be performed.

Table 3 Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Sewing test 〇 〇 × ◎ Water stop test (min) Water pressure 0.5 kgf / mm ² 2 2-2 2 Water pressure 1.0 kgf / mm ² 2-2 2 Water pressure 3.0 kgf / mm ² 630-× × Adhesion 〇 〇 ◎ 〇 × Man-hours 〇 〇 × 〇 ◎ Overall evaluation 〇 〇 × △ ×

[0037]

[Effect of the Invention] invention as set forth in claim 1, as compared with the case where the water-absorbing resin in contact Chakuzai is not contained and reduced tack of the adhesive, stitching becomes easy and water shield sheet by stitching The joints can be reinforced by the adhesive without being split, and the reliability of the joints can be improved. In addition, even if the adhesion between the adhesive and the impermeable sheet is poor, or if the adhesive surface peels off, the adhesive swells in contact with water and closes the peeled area, so the impermeable sheet is self-repairing Water leakage is prevented irrespective of whether it has the property.

[0038]

[0039] Moreover, a paste-like nature vulcanizing rubber adhesive material water absorbent adhesive material contains a water-absorbent resin, in the form of parallel ridges of the plurality of the natural vulcanised rubber-based adhesive while adhesive applied to, since it is a method of suturing between the ridges, up to further decrease piercing resistance during sewing case, suturing efficiency is greatly improved, further natural vulcanization completed The adhesive surface does not peel or shift due to external force in between, and it is not necessary to promote vulcanization by heating or the like.

The invention described in claim 2 is a thermoplastic resin-based adhesive which water absorbent adhesive material contains a water-absorbent resin,
While it adhered by applying a thermoplastic resin adhesive in the form of parallel ridges of the plurality of, since it is a method of suturing between the ridges, stitching similarly to the invention according to 請 Motomeko 1 In this case, the piercing resistance is further reduced, the suturing efficiency is greatly improved, and the adhesive surface is not peeled off or shifted by an external force until the adhesive is cooled and solidified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a joint.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a joint.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of a joint.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a water stoppage test device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10A, 10B: Waterproof sheet 11: Waterproof outer surface layer 12: Fiber sheet layer 13: Adhesive layer 14: Sewing thread 20: Waterproof test apparatus 21: Base plate 22: Lower tank 23: Upper tank 25: Silica sand 26: Perforated plate 30: Sample W: Water

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI E02B 7/00 E02B 7/00 A E04B 1/66 E04B 1/66 A E04D 5/14 E04D 5/14 N E21D 11/38 E21D 11/38 A // (C09J 121/00 201: 02) B29K 21:00 B29L 7:00 (72) Inventor Tetsuo Miyake 255 Kanonji-cho, Tsu City, Mie Prefecture Inside Kurehaeras Tomar Co., Ltd. Tsu Plant (72) Inventor Sat Michio Hiro 2-9-1, Tobita-Shi, Chofu-shi, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd.Technical Research Institute (72) Eiichi Taki Inventor 2-2-2 Dojimahama, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Toyobo Co., Ltd. (72 Inventor Koji Niwano 21-28 Senju-Higashi 2-chome, Adachi-ku, Tokyo Nisshin Special Construction Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-63-304080 (JP, A) JP-A-56-84940 (JP) A) (58) investigated the field (Int.Cl. ^7, DB name) C29C 65/00 - 65/82 E02B 3 / 12,7 / 00 E04B 1/66 - 1/684 E04D 5/14 E21D 11/38 C09J 5/00-5/10 C09K 3/10

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method of joining a water-impervious sheet, comprising bonding two ends made of rubber or synthetic resin and reinforced with a fiber sheet to end portions or side edges thereof with an adhesive, and stitching the bonded portion. A water-absorbing resin as the adhesive
Using a pasty natural vulcanized rubber-based adhesive with
The natural vulcanized rubber-based adhesive is formed into a plurality of parallel ridges.
A method of joining a water-blocking sheet, comprising suturing between ridges while applying and bonding. 2. A fiber sheet made of rubber or synthetic resin.
The edges or side edges of the two impermeable sheets reinforced with
Adhesion with adhesive and stitching of the bonded part
In the joining method, a water-absorbing resin is contained as the adhesive.
Using a thermoplastic resin-based adhesive having the thermoplastic resin
Do not apply the system adhesive in the form of multiple parallel
A method of joining water-impervious sheets, characterized by sewing between the ridges .