JP3097499B2 - High density fabrics and clothing - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a flexible and excellent water repellent
The present invention relates to a high-density fabric having oil repellency.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, many waterproof and water-repellent materials having a high-density fiber sheet, a fluoropolymer or silicone applied thereto, a rubber sheet laminated, and a polymer resin coated thereon have been commercialized. . For example, JP-A-59-2
Japanese Patent No. 04941 discloses that the surface is covered with water-repellent ultrafine fluff which defines the sum of the cover factors of warp and weft, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-117647 discloses that a polyamide component and a polyester component are used. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-63071 discloses that a fibrillated composite filament having a specific cross-sectional shape is used, and a part of which includes a component whose cross-section extends radially in two directions. Water-repellent and oil-repellent sewn products made of ultrafine fibers of denier or less are disclosed.

[0003]

As shown in the above prior art, in order to make the waterproof and water repellent performance favorable, it is essential that the fabric be a high-density sheet with few gaps. Has been devised to make high density fabrics. However, for this reason, the degree of freedom in the fabric is lost,
It becomes hard, and it is hard to get comfortable. An object of the present invention is to provide a high-density fabric having excellent flexibility even at a high density and a water-repellent high-density fabric thereof.

[0004]

The present invention that achieves the above object has the following configuration.

[0005] The outline is as follows.

A high-density cloth comprising a fiber bundle in which a plurality of single fibers of polyamide and polyester are dispersed, wherein the following conditions a to g are simultaneously satisfied:

A) The fiber filling factor observed from the fiber bundle in the cross section of the fabric is 55 to 77%. B) The number of single fibers observed from the fiber bundle in the cross section of the fabric is 80 to 80%.
140/50 μm × 50 μm c) The ratio A / B of the bicomponent single fibers different from polyamide and polyester is 25/75 to 75/25 (fiber cross-sectional area ratio).
And 50 μm × 50 μm and 25 μm × 2
The difference between the measured values in an area of 5 μm is within 30% d) The apparent density of the fabric is 0.35 to 0.62 g / cm ³ e) The woven density of the fabric is 130 to 220 warp / inch F) The fineness of the warp and weft is 40 to 130 denier g) The single fiber fineness of the yarn is 0.01 to 0.3 denier

[0008]

The present invention will be described below in more detail.

[0009] As described in the prior art, it is well known that a sheet having a high density is obtained in order to obtain favorable waterproofness and water repellency, and many products thereof are available in the world. However, all of them are extremely hard, and the clothing made of the fabric has a drawback that it is difficult to move and makes a rattling sound, and it is hard to say that it is comfortable. Therefore, the present inventors have intensively studied a high-density fabric which is soft even at a high density, is light, and has excellent water / oil repellency. It is found out that there is.

That is, the yarn constituting the fabric is polyamide
And a plurality of polyester single fibers, wherein the plurality of components are dispersed with each other, and
a) In the fiber bundle of each cross section exposed by cutting the fabric in the vertical and / or horizontal directions, the cross section of the fiber bundle is observed, and the fiber bundle filling rate is 55 to 77%, preferably 60%.
~ 73%. That is, it is important that either one of the fiber bundle cross sections exposed by being cut in the vertical or horizontal direction, or preferably both the vertical and horizontal fiber bundle filling rates are within this range. If the filling ratio is low, the denseness of the fabric is inferior, and the cloth has a rough texture, and a favorable waterproof / water-repellent effect is hardly obtained. vice versa,
If it is too high, the degree of freedom of the fibers is lost, resulting in a hard texture.

The fiber filling rate is obtained by taking SEM photographs of several sections of the fabric (cross section of the fiber bundle) and determining the area ratio occupied by the single fibers by image processing. (Fiber occupied area + space area)｝ 100. Incidentally, the image processing apparatus used by the present inventors is a model LA525 manufactured by Pierce.

B) The number of single fibers observed from the fiber bundle in the cross section of the fabric is 80 to 140 fibers / 50 μm × 50 μm, preferably 90 to 130 fibers / 50 μm × 50 μm.
The number of the single fibers constitutes a preferable gap between the fibers, that is, a large number of microscopic gaps, so that the fibers can be easily moved and a high-density structure in the form of a fabric can be formed firmly.
Therefore, when this value is too small, a coarse structure is formed with a large gap, which is not preferable. Conversely, if this value is too large, a paper-like structure results, which is not preferable.

C) 2 different polyamides and polyesters
The mixing ratio of the component single fibers is A / B = 25/75 to 75/2.
5, preferably A / B = 30/70 to 70/30
It is. When two different components are mixed, a swelling of the fiber bundle can be formed as compared with a fabric composed of the same component. In order to obtain the effect, it is set within the above range. As in the case of a), the mixing ratio is determined by taking several cross sections of the fabric (cross section of the fiber bundle) in SEM photographs and calculating the area ratio occupied by the single fibers by image processing. Area / (A + B) Fiber cross-sectional area｝ × 100

Here, the difference between the measurement areas of 50 μm × 50 μm and 25 μm × 25 μm is within 30%, preferably within 20%. The closeness of the measured values in the two different areas means that A and B are uniformly dispersed and mixed.

50 μm × 50 μm and 25 μm × 25 μm
That the difference between the values measured in the above is within 30% is based on the following calculation.

The fiber ratio of the fiber having the smaller single fiber mixing ratio among the A fiber component and the B fiber component is determined. If the mixing ratio of the A fiber is smaller, the following formula, A fiber ratio (%) at 50 μm × 50 μm = {A fiber cross section / (A + B) fiber cross section} × 100 = X, and 25 μm × 25 μm A fiber ratio (%) = {A fiber cross-sectional area / (A + B) fiber cross-sectional area}
Assuming that × 100 = Y, {(| X−Y |) / X} × 10
Calculate with 0 ≦ 30.

If the mixing ratio of the B fibers is smaller, the ratio of the B fibers is calculated and similarly calculated. apparent density of d) fabric is 0.35~0.62g / cm ^3.

The apparent density is calculated by measuring the weight and thickness of a 10 cm × 10 cm cloth sample. The apparent density is preferably between 0.41 and 0.52 g / cm ³ . A high cloth density is preferable for the waterproof and water-repellent effects, but too high a cloth loses the degree of freedom of the whole cloth, gives a paper-like texture, and is not preferable because it is hard and breaks. If it is too low, the waterproof / water-repellent effect will be reduced, and the texture will be unpleasant.

E) The weaving density of the fabric is vertical 130
２２０220 / inch, horizontal 120１２０190 / inch.

Preferably, the length is 150 to 210 lines / inch and the width is 130 to 180 lines / inch. Although this has a relationship with the yarn fineness, if the weaving density is low, the smoothness of the fabric becomes poor, which is not preferable. Conversely, if the yarn density is high, the degree of freedom of the fabric becomes small, resulting in a paper-like texture, which is not preferable.

F) The fineness of the warp and weft yarns is 40 to
130 denier.

It is preferably 50 to 110 denier.
If the yarn fineness is low, the fabric becomes thin and thin, and it is difficult to obtain a rich texture and a favorable waterproof / water-repellent effect. If the yarn fineness is too high, the fabric loses smoothness, becomes heavy, and is difficult to process as a high-density fabric, which is not preferable.

G) The single fiber fineness of the yarn is from 0.01 to 0.3 denier.

Preferably, it is 0.03 to 0.15. If the single-fiber fineness is less than this value, it is not possible to exhibit desirable coloring properties, and furthermore, the stiffness of the fibers will be reduced and the texture of the fibers will be unfavorable. If the single-fiber fineness is more than this value, it is difficult to obtain a high-density fiber and it is not preferable because a hard fabric is obtained.

For the first time, a high-density fabric that is soft, light, and good in resilience (without wrinkles) can be obtained only in a limited area that simultaneously satisfies the constituent requirements a) to g). As in the prior art, it cannot be achieved by simply using a high-density fiber with few gaps, using ultrafine fibers, or using fibers of different components.

FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the fiber bundle of the present invention. 2 to 4 are high-density fabrics according to the prior art. It can be seen at a glance that the present invention and the conventional product have clearly different structures and configurations. Of course, the conventional product does not simultaneously satisfy the requirements of the present invention, ie, the components a) to g).

In the present invention, an arch structure (uniformly mixed arch structure) is formed on a fabric surface in a state where two or more kinds of ultrafine fibers are uniformly mixed. That is, the surface exposed portions of the warp yarn and the weft yarn have independent arch shapes (arch structures) in single fiber units.

Such a surface shape makes it possible to develop a touch and a feeling that are favorable for the fabric. Further, by applying a water-repellent / oil-repellent agent to be described later, extremely favorable water-repellent / oil-repellent properties can be exhibited.

The uniform mixing arch structure means that the surface of the fabric is 10
A color photograph was taken at a magnification of 0 to 500 times, and from the difference in the two types of dyeing properties, the dispersion state of 10 to 20 single fiber types was examined.
It is defined as being mixed at a ratio of 0 to 70%.

That is, from the photograph of the surface of the fabric, the arrangement of single fibers exposed on the surface (the inside single fibers hidden by the single fibers on the surface are excluded) is examined one by one.
If the mixing ratio is 50/50, A / B / A / B / A
The arrangement of / B / A / B is an ideal homogeneous mixing arch structure.

A / B / B / A / B / A / A / B, A / B
/ B / B / A / B / A / A. However,
The example of A / A / A / A / B / A / A / A is not a homogeneous mixing arch structure.

The present invention also includes such high-density fabrics in which at least the fabric surface is treated with a water / oil repellent. By applying a system water / oil repellent to the high-density fabric of the present invention, preferable water / oil repellency can be exhibited.
As the water repellent / oil repellent, conventionally known ones can be applied and are not limited. Particularly, a fluoropolymer is preferably used. The application method is not limited, and a conventionally known coating method, spraying method, dipping method, impregnation method and the like can be applied.

In the present invention, the bicomponent fiber is composed of polyamide and polyester .

Further, the present invention relates to a method in which polyamide is added to the surface of a fabric.
Some of them can include those having naps composed of a plurality of polyester components. The naps can be opened well, and a favorable feel, texture, water repellency and oil repellency can be exhibited. The method of forming the nap is not particularly limited, and can be performed by a conventionally known method.

The high-density fabric of the present invention is soft, light, has high moisture permeability, is compact, has low friction noise, and has excellent water repellency.
It has oil repellency and can be preferably applied to blousons, windbreakers, coats, swimwear, and various sportswear. Further, it can be preferably applied to tents, umbrellas, airbags, swimwear, hats and the like.

As an example of such a production method, islands are produced by spinning two or more kinds of sea-island composite fibers, weaving into a high-density woven fabric, removing sea components, densifying treatment, bulking treatment, and softening treatment. Etc., followed by dyeing and water-repellent finishing. Of course, composite fiber is split type, chrysanthemum type,
All conventionally known types such as a sea-island type can be applied.

[0037]

【Example】

Example 1 A sea-island composite fiber composed of nylon 6 (number of islands 20) and polyethylene terephthalate (number of islands 20) and the sea composed of a copolyester of an acid component terephthalic acid / 5-sodium isophthalic acid and a glycol component ethylene glycol was used. It was prepared by melt spinning. This composite fiber is sea / nylon 6 /
Polyethylene terephthalate is 20/40/4 by weight
It is a multifilament yarn of 96 denier (single fiber 4.0 denier) and 24 filaments, which is compounded at a ratio of 0, and is used for the warp yarn and the weft yarn to weave a plain fabric. The woven fabric was treated in a 12 g / l sodium hydroxide solution at 95 ° C. for 50 minutes to remove the sea, dried, and tensed in the width direction.
Heat treatment was performed at 180 ° C. for 1 minute, and a process of impregnating with water and drying was further performed twice.

Thereafter, using an acid dye, 100 ° C. × 3
It was dyed for 0 minutes, subjected to a fix treatment, impregnated with a fluorine-based water repellent, dried, and then heat-treated at 180 ° C. for 1 minute.

The high-density cloth obtained by such a treatment is
Fiber filling rate 69%, single fiber count 115 / 50μm
× 50 μm, and the area ratio between nylon 6 (N) and polyethylene terephthalate (T) in the fiber bundle is 50 μm × 50 μm.
N / T = 53/47 at 25 μm × 25 μm
/ T = 51/49.

In this case, 50 μm × 50 μm and 25 μm
The difference between the values measured at × 25 μm is Δ (47−49) / 4
7% × 100 = 4.3%.

The apparent density of the whole fabric is 0.475 g.
/ Cm ² , and the weaving density of the fabric is vertical 160 / inch,
138 wefts / inch, yarn fineness 96.5 denier, single fiber fineness of yarn is 0.107 denier for N and 0.103 for T
It was denier (the denier was determined from the single fiber diameter by SEM photograph).

The high-density fabric was extremely flexible and had good resilience. The water repellency was 100 points, and water drop repellency was particularly good. The water pressure resistance was 800 mm. When a wind breaker for golf was produced using this fabric, the golfer realized that the friction noise during a swing in golf play was extremely low. In addition, it could be folded small and had few wrinkles.

[0043]

The present invention has the following effects.

A high-density fabric that is flexible, light, and has excellent transparency and compactness.

It has good resilience and anti-wrinkling properties.

Good water and oil repellency. In particular, water and oil run fast.

The feel is good.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) D03D 1/00-27/18

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A high-density cloth comprising a fiber bundle in which a plurality of single fibers comprising polyamide and polyester are dispersed, wherein the following conditions a to g are simultaneously satisfied. a) The fiber filling rate observed from the fiber bundle in the cross section of the fabric is 55 to 55
B) The number of single fibers observed from the fiber bundle of the cross section of the fabric is 80 to 80%.
140/50 μm × 50 μm c) The ratio A / B of the bicomponent single fibers different from polyamide and polyester is 25/75 to 75/25 (fiber cross-sectional area ratio).
And 50 μm × 50 μm and 25 μm × 2
The difference between the measured values in an area of 5 μm is within 30% d) The apparent density of the fabric is 0.35 to 0.62 g / cm ³ e) The woven density of the fabric is 130 to 220 warp / inch F) The fineness of the warp and weft is 40 to 130 denier g) The single fiber fineness of the yarn is 0.01 to 0.3 denier 2. The high-density fabric according to claim 1 , wherein the surface of the fabric forms an ultrafine fiber arch shape of polyamide and polyester . 3. A fabric surface is characterized by having a polyamide and a polyester or <br/> Ranaru napped claim 1 or 2
2. The high-density fabric according to 1. Wherein at least a high density fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, fabric surface is characterized by being treated with a fluorinated water repellant oil. 5. A garment comprising the high-density fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4 as a main component.